2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解解題技巧快速掌握考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷閱讀理解部分directions:Foreachquestioninthissection,choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,D)basedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.MarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreaddiscussionsaboutitssocietalimplications,bothpositiveandnegative.ProponentsarguethatAIwillsignificantlyenhanceproductivity,automatetedioustasks,andevenaidinmedicaldiagnosesandscientificresearch,ultimatelyleadingtoamoreprosperousandefficientfuture.However,criticsvoiceconcernsaboutpotentialjobdisplacement,theerosionofhumandecision-making,andtheethicaldilemmassurroundingdataprivacyandalgorithmicbias.AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglysophisticated,navigatingthesecomplexchallengesrequiresthoughtfulregulationandaproactiveapproachfrompolicymakers,businesses,andthepublic.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytostreamlineprocessesandboosteconomicgrowth.Insectorsrangingfrommanufacturingtologistics,AI-poweredrobotsandalgorithmscanperformtasksfasterandwithgreaterprecisionthanhumans,reducingcostsandincreasingoutput.Thisautomationcouldfreeuphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplexproblem-solvingactivities,potentiallyleadingtohigherjobsatisfactionandeconomicinnovation.Furthermore,AIcananalyzevastamountsofdatatoidentifypatternsandinsightsthatmightbemissedbyhumananalysts,offeringvaluablesupportinfieldssuchashealthcare,finance,andclimatescience.Despitetheseadvantages,thepotentialforAItodisruptthejobmarketisundeniable.Asautomationcapabilitiesimprove,numerousjobstraditionallyperformedbyhumanscouldbecomeobsolete,leadingtowidespreadunemploymentandeconomicinequality.TheconstructionandmaintenanceofAIsystemsalsorequireaskilledworkforce,potentiallyexacerbatingtheskillsgapandcreatingnewbarrierstoentryforcertainsegmentsofthepopulation.Additionally,therelianceonAIforcriticaldecisions,suchasthoseinhealthcareorcriminaljustice,raisesconcernsaboutthedevaluationofhumanjudgmentandthepotentialforerrorsorbiasestohavesevereconsequences.TheethicalconsiderationssurroundingAIareequallycomplex.Issuesofdataprivacyandsecurityloomlarge,asAIsystemsoftenrequireaccesstolargedatasets,includingsensitivepersonalinformation.EnsuringtheprotectionofthisdatawhilestillallowingAItofunctioneffectivelyisadelicatebalance.Similarly,algorithmicbiaspresentsasignificantchallenge,asAIsystemscanperpetuateandevenamplifyexistingsocietalbiasesiftheyaretrainedonbiaseddataordesignedwithoutconsciousefforttomitigatesuchbiases.Addressingtheseissuesrequiresamulti-facetedapproach,includingrobustdataprotectionlaws,transparentAIdevelopmentpractices,andongoingmonitoringandauditingofAIsystems.AswestandatthecuspofanAI-driventransformation,thepathforwardrequirescollaborationandvigilance.GovernmentsmustimplementregulationsthatpromotetheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAIwhilefosteringinnovation.BusinesseshavearesponsibilitytoprioritizeethicalconsiderationsintheirAIprojectsandtoinvestinretrainingprogramsforworkerswhosejobsmaybeaffected.Thepublicalsoplaysacrucialroleinengagingwiththeseissues,demandingtransparency,andadvocatingforAIsystemsthatarefair,accountable,andbeneficialforsocietyasawhole.OnlythroughsuchacollectiveeffortcanweharnessthefullpotentialofAIwhilemitigatingitsrisksandensuringafuturethatbenefitsall.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,whataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsofitswidespreadadoption?3.WhatmajorconcerndocriticsofAIhaveregardingitsimpactonthejobmarket?4.Theword"erode"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:5.WhatspecificethicalissuerelatedtoAIishighlightedinthethirdparagraph?6.WhatroledobusinessesplayinaddressingthechallengespresentedbyAI,asmentionedinthefourthparagraph?7.ThepassagesuggeststhatthedevelopmentofAIsystemsrequires:8.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofworkinanAI-driveneconomy?9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisakeyfactorinmitigatingtherisksassociatedwithAI?10.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingthesocietalimplicationsofAI?Passage2Urbanizationhasbeenoneofthemosttransformativeforcesinhumanhistory,reshapinglandscapes,economies,andsocialstructures.Theconcentrationoflargepopulationsincitieshasdriveninnovation,createdeconomicopportunities,andfosteredculturaldiversity.Yet,rapidurbanizationalsobringsahostofchallenges,includingtrafficcongestion,pollution,housingshortages,andstrainedinfrastructure.Ascitiescontinuetogrow,findingsustainablesolutionstotheseproblemsbecomesincreasinglycritical.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofurbanizationisitsabilitytofosterinnovationandeconomicgrowth.Citiesserveashubsforbusinesses,entrepreneurs,andideas,creatingadynamicenvironmentwherecollaborationandcompetitioncanthrive.Thedensepopulationanddiversetalentpoolinurbanareasacceleratetechnologicaladvancementandculturalexchange,leadingtonewindustries,jobs,andsocialdynamism.Furthermore,citiesoftenprovidebetteraccesstoeducation,healthcare,andotherservices,whichcanimprovetheoverallqualityoflifeforresidents.However,theenvironmentalimpactofurbanizationcannotbeignored.Theconcentrationofpeopleandactivitiesincitiesleadstoincreasedpollution,bothintermsofairqualityandwastemanagement.Trafficcongestion,exacerbatedbythehighnumberofvehiclesandlimitedpublictransportationoptionsinmanyurbanareas,contributestogreenhousegasemissionsandrespiratoryproblems.Additionally,thedestructionofnaturalhabitatstomakewayforurbandevelopmentcanleadtoalossofbiodiversityandecologicalimbalance.Addressingtheseenvironmentalchallengesrequiressustainableurbanplanningthatprioritizesgreenspaces,efficientpublictransportation,andrenewableenergysources.Socialissuesalsoarisefromrapidurbanization.Thehighcostoflivingincities,particularlyhousing,canleadtohomelessnessandsocialexclusion.Inequalityoftenbecomesmorepronouncedinurbanareas,withsignificantdisparitiesbetweenthewealthyandthepoor.Furthermore,thefastpaceoflifeincitiescanleadtosocialisolationandabreakdownofcommunityties.Thesesocialproblemsrequiretargetedinterventions,suchasaffordablehousinginitiatives,communitydevelopmentprograms,andaccesstomentalhealthservices,toensurethaturbangrowthbenefitsallresidents.Thefutureofurbanizationhingesonourabilitytomanageitschallengessustainably.Innovativeurbanplanningmodels,suchassmartcitiesandsustainablecommunities,offerpromisingsolutionsbyintegratingtechnology,environmentalconsiderations,andsocialequity.Investingininfrastructurethatsupportspublictransportation,renewableenergy,andefficientresourcemanagementcanhelpmitigatethenegativeimpactsofurbanization.Additionally,fosteringacultureofinclusivityandsocialresponsibilitycanhelpaddressissuesofinequalityandsocialisolation.Byadoptingaholisticapproachtourbandevelopment,wecancreatecitiesthatarenotonlyvibrantandeconomicallydynamicbutalsoenvironmentallysustainableandsociallyjust.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheeconomicbenefitsofurbanization?13.Theword"exacerbated"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatsocialissueishighlightedasaconsequenceofrapidurbanization?15.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainableurbanplanninginvolves:16.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisakeychallengeassociatedwithmanagingtheenvironmentalimpactsofcities?17.Whatroledoestechnologyplayinaddressingurbanizationchallenges,asmentionedinthefourthparagraph?18.Thepassageimpliesthatthehighcostoflivingincitiesprimarilyaffectswhichgroupofpeople?19.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingthefutureofurbanization?20.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisessentialforcreatingsociallyjustcities?Passage3Theglobalclimatecrisispresentsoneofthemosturgentchallengesofourtime,demandingimmediateandcoordinatedactionfromnationsaroundtheworld.Theincreasingfrequencyandintensityofextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires,areclearindicatorsofthechangingclimate.Thesephenomenanotonlycausesignificanteconomicdamagebutalsothreatenhumanlivesandecosystems.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach,encompassingpolicychanges,technologicalinnovation,andshiftsinindividualbehavior.Policychangesarecrucialinthefightagainstclimatechange.Governmentsmustimplementregulationsthatlimitgreenhousegasemissions,promotetheuseofrenewableenergysources,andinvestinsustainableinfrastructure.Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,provideaframeworkforcountriestoworktogethertowardscommonclimategoals.However,theeffectivenessoftheseagreementsdependsonthecommitmentandaccountabilityofindividualnationstoreducetheircarbonfootprintsandsupportglobaleffortstomitigateclimatechange.Technologicalinnovationplaysavitalroleindevelopingsustainablesolutionstoclimatechange.Advancesinrenewableenergytechnologies,suchassolarpower,windenergy,andhydroelectricpower,offercleanandsustainablealternativestofossilfuels.Energystoragesolutions,suchasbatteriesandotherstoragetechnologies,arealsocriticalforensuringastableandreliableenergysupplyfromrenewablesources.Additionally,innovationsintransportation,suchaselectricvehiclesandpublictransitsystems,cansignificantlyreducecarbonemissions.Investinginresearchanddevelopmentintheseareasisessentialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Individualbehavioralsocontributestotheclimatecrisis,andthus,individualactionscanmakeadifference.Simplelifestylechanges,suchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportationorcarpooling,minimizingwaste,andadoptingplant-baseddiets,cancollectivelyhaveasignificantimpactonreducingcarbonemissions.Moreover,raisingawarenessabouttheimportanceofclimateactionandencouragingotherstoadoptsustainablepracticescanamplifytheseefforts.Educationandcommunityengagementarekeytofosteringacultureofenvironmentalresponsibilityandencouragingwidespreadparticipationinclimatemitigationefforts.Theurgencyoftheclimatecrisiscannotbeoverstated.Theconsequencesofinactionaresevereandfar-reaching,affectingnotonlyhumansocietiesbutalsothenaturalworld.Timeisrunningouttopreventthemostcatastrophicimpactsofclimatechange,andimmediateactionisrequired.Whilelarge-scalechangesinpolicyandtechnologyareessential,individualactionsarealsocrucialindrivingthetransitiontoamoresustainableandresilientfuture.Onlythroughaconcertedeffortatalllevels—individual,community,national,andinternational—canwehopetomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechangeandprotecttheplanetforfuturegenerations.Questions:21.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?22.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledointernationalagreementsplayinaddressingclimatechange?23.Theword"mitigate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:24.Whattechnologicalinnovationismentionedasasolutiontoreducingcarbonemissions?25.Thepassagesuggeststhatindividualactionscancontributetoclimatechangemitigationthrough:26.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisakeychallengeincombatingtheclimatecrisis?27.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingtheimportanceofindividualbehaviorinaddressingclimatechange?28.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichgroupofpeoplearemostresponsibleforimplementingclimatechangepolicies?29.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeofinvestinginrenewableenergytechnologies?30.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingtheurgencyoftheclimatecrisis?Passage4Culturalheritageencompassesthetangibleandintangibleaspectsofasociety'shistory,traditions,andartisticexpressions.Itincludeshistoricalbuildings,artifacts,culturalpractices,andintangibleelementssuchaslanguage,music,andoraltraditions.Preservingculturalheritageisessentialformaintainingculturaldiversity,fosteringnationalidentity,andprovidingasenseofcontinuityandbelongingforfuturegenerations.However,thepreservationofculturalheritagefacesnumerouschallenges,includingnaturaldegradation,conflict,andtheimpactofmodernization.Naturaldegradationposesasignificantthreattoculturalheritage.Overtime,historicalbuildingsandartifactscandeteriorateduetoweathering,pollution,andotherenvironmentalfactors.Withoutpropermaintenanceandconservationefforts,thesestructuresandobjectscanbelosttohistory.Climatechangeisexacerbatingthisproblem,asextremeweathereventscancauseseveredamagetoculturalsites.Protectingculturalheritagefromnaturaldegradationrequiressustainedinvestmentinconservationtechniques,restorationprojects,andthedevelopmentofsustainablepreservationpractices.Conflictandinstabilityalsoposeseriousthreatstoculturalheritage.Duringtimesofwarandcivilunrest,culturalsitesandartifactscanbedeliberatelydestroyed,looted,orusedforstrategicpurposes.Suchactionsnotonlyresultinthelossofinvaluableculturalheritagebutalsocontributetotheculturaltraumaofaffectedcommunities.Thedestructionofculturalheritageinconflictzonesisaviolationofinternationalhumanitarianlawandrepresentsalossforhumanityasawhole.Effortstoprotectculturalheritageinconflictsituationsrequireinternationalcooperation,theinvolvementofculturalorganizations,andthesupportoflocalcommunities.Theimpactofmodernizationisanotherchallengetoculturalheritagepreservation.Rapidurbanization,infrastructuredevelopment,andothermodernizationprojectscanleadtothedestructionofhistoricalsitesandthedisplacementofcommunitiesthatrelyontraditionalculturalpractices.Whilemodernizationbringsprogressandimprovedlivingstandards,itisessentialtobalancethesedevelopmentswiththepreservationofculturalheritage.Sustainabledevelopmentpracticesthatintegrateculturalheritageconservationintoplanningprocessescanhelpensurethatmodernizationdoesnotcomeatthecostoflosingvaluableculturaltraditionsandhistoricalsites.Preservingculturalheritagerequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvesgovernments,internationalorganizations,communities,andindividuals.Governmentshavearesponsibilitytoenactandenforcelawsthatprotectculturalheritage,allocateresourcesforconservationefforts,anddevelopnationalstrategiesforheritagepreservation.Internationalorganizations,suchasUNESCO,playacrucialroleincoordinatingglobaleffortstoprotectculturalheritage,providingtechnicalassistance,andraisingawarenessabouttheimportanceofculturalpreservation.Communitiesandindividualsalsohaveavitalroletoplayinpreservingculturalheritagebyparticipatinginconservationefforts,promotingculturaltraditions,andraisingawarenessaboutthevalueofculturalheritage.Questions:31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?32.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthecausesofnaturaldegradationofculturalheritage?33.Theword"exacerbating"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:34.Whatisamajorthreattoculturalheritageduringtimesofconflict?35.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainabledevelopmentpracticescanhelp:36.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheroleofinternationalorganizationsinpreservingculturalheritage?37.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingtheimportanceofcommunityinvolvementinculturalheritagepreservation?38.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichgroupofpeopleareprimarilyresponsibleforenactinglawstoprotectculturalheritage?39.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeofUNESCOinrelationtoculturalheritage?40.Whatistheauthor'smainargumentregardingthechallengesofpreservingculturalheritageinthecontextofmodernization?---試卷答案Passage11.C2.A3.B4.weaken5.Dataprivacy6.Investinretrainingprograms7.Collaborationandvigilance8.Somejobswillbeautomated,butnewopportunitieswillariseforcreativeandcomplextasks.9.Thoughtfulregulationandproactiveapproaches10.AIhassignificantpotentialbenefitsbutalsoposesseriouschallengesthatrequirecarefulmanagement.Passage211.D12.Economicgrowthandinnovation13.Worsened14.Socialexclusionandinequality15.Integratingtechnology,environmentalconsiderations,andsocialequity16.Airpollutionandthelossofbiodiversity17.Smartcitiesandsustainablecommunities18.Thepoorandmarginalized19.Sustainableurbanplanningisessentialformanagingthechallengesofurbanization.20.SocialequityandinclusivityPassage321.C22.Provideaframeworkforcountriestoworktogethertowardscommonclimategoals.23.Reduce24.Renewableenergytechnologies(e.g.,solarpower,windenergy)25.Reducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,minimizingwaste,adoptingplant-baseddiets26.Thelackofinternationalcooperationandindividualresponsibility.27.Individualactions,thoughsmall,cancollectivelymakeasignificantimpactonreducingcarbonemissions.28.Governments29.Toprovidecleanandsustainablealternativestofossilfuels.30.Theconsequencesofinactionaresevereandimmediateactionisrequired.Passage431.B32.Weathering,pollution,andextremeweatherevents33.Makingworse34.Deliberatedestruction,looting,oruseforstrategicpurposes35.Balancemodernizationwiththepreservationofculturalheritage.36.Coordinateglobalefforts,providetechnicalassistance,andraiseawareness.37.Communitiesandindividualsplayavitalroleinpreservingculturalheritagethroughparticipationandpromotion.38.Governments39.Tocoordinateglobaleffortsandraiseawarenessaboutculturalheritagepreservation.40.Modernizationcanleadtothedestructionofhistoricalsitesanddisplacementofcommunities,requiringsustainablepracticestopreserveculturalheritage.---解析思路Passage11.C:ThepassagediscussesbothbenefitsanddrawbacksofAI,butthecentralthemeisthecomplexchallengeofmanagingitssocietalimplications.OptionCbestcapturesthisbalancedperspective.2.A:Proponentshighlightbenefitslikeenhancedproductivity,automation,andaidinginvariousfields,whichalignswithoptionA.3.B:Criticsareprimarilyconcernedaboutjobdisplacementduetoautomation,makingoptionBthecorrectanswer.4.weaken:Thecontextsuggeststhat"erode"referstothereductionorweakeningofhumandecision-making,making"weaken"theclosestsynonym.5.Dataprivacy:ThethirdparagraphexplicitlymentionsdataprivacyasasignificantethicalconcernrelatedtoAI.6.Investinretrainingprograms:ThefourthparagraphstatesthatbusinesseshavearesponsibilitytoinvestinretrainingforworkersaffectedbyAI.7.Collaborationandvigilance:Thefinalparagraphemphasizestheneedforcollaborationamonggovernments,businesses,andthepublic,alongwithvigilance.8.Somejobswillbeautomated,butnewopportunitieswillariseforcreativeandcomplextasks:ThepassageimpliesthatwhileAIwilldisplacesomejobs,itwillalsocreatenewonesrequiringhumancreativityandskills.9.Thoughtfulregulationandproactiveapproaches:Thepassagesuggeststhatmitigatingrisksrequirescarefulplanningandactionfromvariousstakeholders.10.AIhassignificantpotentialbenefitsbutalsoposesseriouschallengesthatrequirecarefulmanagement:TheauthorarguesthatAI'simpactneedstobebothharnessedandcontrolled.Passage211.D:Thepassagediscussesthebenefitsandchallengesofurbanization,suggestingthatitisatransformativeforcewithbothpositiveandnegativeaspects.12.Economicgrowthandinnovation:Thesecondparagraphhighlightshowcitiesfosterinnovation,economicopportunities,andjobcreation.13.Worsened:Thecontextindicatesthattrafficcongestionismadeworsebythehighnumberofvehicles,making"worsened"thecorrectsynonym.14.Socialexclusionandinequality:Thethirdparagraphmentionsthatrapidurbanizationcanleadtosocialissueslikeinequalityandexclusion.15.Integratingtechnology,environmentalconsiderations,andsocialequity:Thefourthparagraphsuggeststhatsustainableurbanplanninginvolvestheseelements.16.Airpollutionandthelossofbiodiversity:Thethirdparagraphdiscussestheenvironmentalimpactsofurbanization,includingairpollutionandhabitatdestruction.17.Smartcitiesandsustainablecommunities:Thefourthparagraphmentionstheseinnovativemodelsassolutionstourbanizationchallenges.18.Thepoorandmarginalized:Thethirdparagraphimpliesthatthehighcostoflivingprimarilyaffectsthosewhocannotaffordexpensivehousing.19.Sustainableurbanplanningisessentialformanagingthechallengesofurbanization:Thepassagearguesthatplanningiscrucialforaddressingurbanizationissues.20.Socialequityandinclusivity:Thefourthparagraphemphasizestheneedforsociallyjustcitiesthatincludeallresidents.Passage321.C:Thepassageprimarilyfocusesontheglobalclimatecrisisandtheurgentneedforactiontomitigateitseffects.22.Provideaframeworkforcountriestoworktogethertowardscommonclimategoals:ThesecondparagraphexplainsthatinternationalagreementsliketheParisAgreementofferaframeworkforcooperation.23.Reduce:Thecontextsuggeststhat"mitigate"meanstoreducetheseverityofclimatechange,making"reduce"thecorrectsynonym.24.Renewableenergytechnologies(e.g.,solarpower,windenergy):Thesecondparagraphmentionsthesetechnologiesassolutionstoreducecarbonemissions.25.Reducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,minimizing