2025年高考英語閱讀理解技巧訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______閱讀下列材料，回答問題。ATheinternet,onceabastionofrelativeanonymity,isincreasinglysubjecttothesamesurveillanceandcontrolasthephysicalworld.Thisshift,drivenbygovernments,corporations,andotherentities,raisesprofoundconcernsaboutprivacy,freedomofexpression,andtheverynatureofdigitalinteraction.Whileproponentsarguethatsuchmeasuresarenecessaryforsecurityandorder,criticswarnofaslipperyslopetowardsatotalitariandigitalstate.Oneofthemostsignificantchangeshasbeentheriseofsocialmediaplatforms.Thesenetworks,whichwereinitiallydesignedtofacilitateconnectionandsharing,nowoftenfunctionastoolsformonitoringuserbehavior.Algorithmsanalyzeourclicks,likes,andsharestocreatedetailedprofiles,whichcanthenbeusedfortargetedadvertising,politicalmanipulation,orevensocialcreditscoringinsomecountries.Theveryactofnavigatingtheseplatformsgeneratesdatathatcanbecollected,stored,andpotentiallyexploited.Furthermore,thebordersbetweentheonlineandofflineworldsareblurring.Increasingly,digitalidentifiersarebeinglinkedtophysicalcharacteristicsthroughbiometricdata.Facialrecognitiontechnology,forinstance,isusedbygovernmentstotrackcitizensinpublicspacesandbycorporationstoenhancesecurityorpersonalizeexperiences.Thisintegrationcreatesacomprehensivedigitalfootprintthatfollowsindividualsacrossvariousdomainsoflife.Theimplicationsofthispervasivesurveillancearefar-reaching.Itcanstifledissentandsuppressunpopularopinionsbyidentifyingandpunishingthosewhodeviatefromthenorm.Itcanalsoleadtodiscrimination,asvulnerablegroupsmaybedisproportionatelytargetedorprofiled.Moreover,theconstantmonitoringcancreateachillingeffect,discouragingpeoplefromexpressingthemselvesfreelyforfearofrepercussions.Aswemovefurtherintoanageofdigitalsurveillance,itiscrucialtoengageinacriticaldialogueaboutthebalancebetweensecurityandprivacy.Wemustdemandtransparencyfromcorporationsandgovernmentsregardingtheirdatacollectionpracticesandadvocateforrobustlegalprotectionsagainstunwarrantedsurveillance.Onlybyassertingourdigitalrightscanwehopetomaintainafreeandopeninternet.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthewayssocialmediaplatformscontributetosurveillance?3.Theword"bastion"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutfacialrecognitiontechnology?5.Whatistheauthor'sopinionontheimpactofdigitalsurveillanceonfreedomofexpression?BClimatechangeisarguablythemostpressingchallengefacinghumanitytoday.Itseffectsarealreadybeingfeltaroundtheglobe,fromrisingsealevelsandmorefrequentextremeweathereventstoshiftsinagriculturalproductivityandthreatstobiodiversity.Thescientificconsensusisunequivocal:humanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,aretheprimarydriversofthesechanges.Oneofthemostimmediateconsequencesofclimatechangeisthewarmingoftheplanet.Thisleadstomeltingicecapsandglaciers,contributingtorisingsealevelswhichendangercoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Warmertemperaturesalsofuelmoreintenseandwidespreadwildfires,devastatingecosystemsandthreateninghumanlivesandproperty.Anothersignificantimpactisonagriculture.Changingweatherpatterns,includingalteredprecipitationandincreasedtemperatures,disrupttraditionalgrowingseasonsandreducecropyieldsinmanyregions.Thisnotonlythreatensfoodsecuritybutcanalsoleadtohigherfoodpricesandsocialunrest.Waterresourcesarealsoaffected,withsomeareasexperiencingmoreseveredroughtswhileothersfaceincreasedflooding.Theconsequencesofinactionaredire.Ifglobaltemperaturescontinuetoriseatthecurrentrate,theeffectsofclimatechangewillbecomeincreasinglysevereandpotentiallyirreversible.Coastalcitiesmaybecomeuninhabitable,ecosystemsmaycollapse,andthedisplacementofpopulationscouldleadtohumanitariancrises.Addressingclimatechangerequiresaconcertedglobalefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissions,transitiontorenewableenergysources,andimplementsustainableland-usepractices.Fortunately,thereisgrowingawarenessoftheurgencyofthesituation.Governments,organizations,andindividualsareincreasinglyrecognizingtheneedtotakedecisiveaction.Innovationintechnology,suchasthedevelopmentofmoreefficientsolarandwindpower,offerspromisingsolutions.However,politicalwillandinternationalcooperationareessentialtotranslatethesesolutionsintomeaningfulactionthatcanpreventtheworstoutcomesofclimatechange.Questions:6.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheconsequencesofclimatechangeonagriculture?8.Theword"unequivocal"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalcommunities?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisneededtoaddressclimatechangeeffectively?CTheconceptof"glocalization,"ablendofthewords"globalization"and"localization,"referstotheadaptationofglobalproducts,services,ormessagestosuitlocalcultures,tastes,andpreferences.Whileglobalizationhasledtothespreadofstandardizedgoodsandideasacrosstheworld,glocalizationrecognizesthatsimplyimposingaglobalbrandorproductwithoutconsideringlocalcontextoftenleadstofailure.Aclassicexampleofglocalizationisthefoodindustry.McDonald's,aglobalfast-foodgiant,hasadapteditsmenuinvariouscountriestocatertolocaldietaryhabitsandpreferences.InIndia,wherealargeportionofthepopulationdoesnoteatbeef,McDonald'soffersawiderangeofvegetarianoptions,includingtheMcAlooTikkiburger.InJapan,thecompanyhasintroduceditemsliketheTeriyakiMcBurgertoappealtolocaltastes.TheseadaptationshavebeencrucialtoMcDonald'ssuccessinthesemarkets.Glocalizationisnotlimitedtothebusinessworld;italsoplaysasignificantroleinculturalexchangeandcommunication.Mediacompaniesoftentranslateandadaptforeignfilms,televisionshows,andmusictomakethemaccessibleandappealingtolocalaudiences.Thisprocessinvolvesnotonlylanguagetranslationbutalsoculturaladaptation,suchasmodifyingreferences,humor,orsocialnormstoensureresonancewiththetargetaudience.Theimportanceofglocalizationliesinitsabilitytobridgethegapbetweenglobalandlocalcultures.Byrespectingandincorporatinglocalpreferences,globalbrandsandproductscanbecomemoreacceptedandsuccessfulindiversemarkets.Furthermore,glocalizationcanfosterculturalexchangeandunderstanding,asitencouragesthesharingofglobalideaswhileacknowledgingandpreservinglocalidentities.However,glocalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Findingtherightbalancebetweenglobalstandardizationandlocaladaptationcanbedifficult,andthereisariskthatlocalculturesmaybeovershadowedbyglobalinfluences.Additionally,theprocessrequiresdeepmarketresearchandculturalunderstanding,whichcanberesource-intensive.Despitethesechallenges,glocalizationremainsapowerfulstrategyforcompaniesandorganizationsseekingtooperateeffectivelyinaglobalizedworld.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whydidMcDonald'sadaptitsmenuinIndia?13.Theword"resonance"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenglobalandlocalcultures?15.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonechallengeofglocalization?DTheroleofartificialintelligence(AI)ineducationisatopicofgrowinginterestanddebate.AItechnologieshavethepotentialtorevolutionizehowstudentslearnandhowteachersteach,offeringpersonalizedlearningexperiences,automatingadministrativetasks,andprovidingvaluableinsightsintostudentperformance.However,theintegrationofAIintoeducationalsoraisesconcernsaboutequity,privacy,andthefutureofteaching.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIineducationispersonalizedlearning.AI-poweredplatformscanadapttoeachstudent'sindividuallearningpaceandstyle,providingcustomizedcontent,exercises,andfeedback.Thisapproachcanhelpstudentsovercometheirspecificchallengesandmastersubjectsmoreeffectively.Forexample,anAIsystemmightidentifyastudentstrugglingwithaparticularmathconceptandofferadditionalresourcesoradifferentexplanationtohelpthemunderstand.AIcanalsoassistteachersbyautomatingroutinetaskssuchasgradingassignmentsandtrackingstudentprogress.Thisautomationallowseducatorstofocusmoreonteachingandmentoringstudents,ratherthanspendinghoursonadministrativework.Additionally,AItoolscananalyzelargeamountsofstudentdatatoidentifypatternsandtrends,providingteacherswithvaluableinsightsintoclassroomdynamicsandindividualstudentneeds.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,theintegrationofAIintoeducationisnotwithoutchallenges.Onemajorconcernisthedigitaldivide,whichreferstothegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotechnologyandthosewhodonot.IfAI-powerededucationaltoolsarenotwidelyaccessible,itcouldexacerbateexistinginequalitiesineducation.Anotherconcernisprivacy,asAIsystemsoftenrequireaccesstolargeamountsofstudentdata,raisingquestionsabouthowthisdataiscollected,used,andprotected.ThefutureofAIineducationwilllikelydependonhowthesechallengesareaddressed.ItiscrucialtodevelopAIsystemsthatareequitable,transparent,andrespectfulofstudentprivacy.Additionally,educatorsandpolicymakersneedtoworktogethertoensurethatAIisusedtoenhance,ratherthanreplace,thehumanelementofteaching.AIshouldbeseenasatooltosupportteachersandimprovelearning,notasasubstituteforhumaninteractionandguidance.Questions:16.WhatisthemainbenefitofAIineducationaccordingtothepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,howcanAIassistteachers?18.Theword"exacerbate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.WhatisoneconcernaboutthefutureofAIineducation?20.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbetheroleofAIineducation?---試卷答案1.Themainideaistheincreasingsurveillanceandcontrolovertheinternet,raisingconcernsaboutprivacyandfreedomofexpression.*解析思路：文章首段提出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)正變得像物理世界一樣受到監(jiān)控和控制，第二段、三段、四段分別闡述了社交媒體、數(shù)字身份和監(jiān)控的后果，最后一段總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)需要平衡安全與隱私。綜合來看，核心是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)監(jiān)控的增加及其帶來的問題。2.Socialmediaplatformscontributetosurveillancebycollectinguserdatathroughclicks,likes,shares,andusingalgorithmstocreatedetailedprofilesforadvertising,manipulation,orsocialcreditscoring.*解析思路：文章第三段明確提到社交媒體平臺(tái)通過分析用戶的點(diǎn)擊、點(diǎn)贊、分享等行為來創(chuàng)建詳細(xì)檔案，這些檔案可能被用于廣告、操縱或社會(huì)信用評(píng)分。第四段也提到這些平臺(tái)是監(jiān)控工具。因此，答案涉及數(shù)據(jù)收集和用途。3.Bastionmeansaplaceofsafetyorrefuge.*解析思路：首段提到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)曾是一個(gè)“堡壘”（bastion），后文提到“監(jiān)控和控制”，可以推斷出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以前是一個(gè)相對安全、不受干擾的地方。4.Theauthorsuggeststhatfacialrecognitiontechnologyintegratesdigitalidentifierswithphysicalcharacteristics,creatingacomprehensivedigitalfootprintthatfollowsindividualsandraisesprivacyconcerns.*解析思路：文章第四段提到面部識(shí)別技術(shù)被用于追蹤公民、增強(qiáng)安全或個(gè)性化體驗(yàn)，并創(chuàng)造了涵蓋個(gè)人各個(gè)生活領(lǐng)域的“數(shù)字足跡”。結(jié)合第五段對監(jiān)控的擔(dān)憂，作者暗示這種技術(shù)存在隱私問題。5.Theauthorbelievesthatdigitalsurveillancehasachillingeffect,discouragingpeoplefromexpressingthemselvesfreelyforfearofrepercussions.*解析思路：文章第四段明確指出，持續(xù)的監(jiān)控會(huì)“產(chǎn)生寒蟬效應(yīng)，使人因害怕后果而不敢自由表達(dá)”。這是作者對監(jiān)控影響自由表達(dá)的看法。6.Themaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassageishumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation.*解析思路：文章第二段明確指出，科學(xué)共識(shí)是“人類活動(dòng)，特別是燃燒化石燃料和砍伐森林”是氣候變化的“主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素”。7.Climatechangeaffectsagriculturebyalteringweatherpatterns,includingprecipitationandtemperature,whichdisruptgrowingseasonsandreducecropyieldsinmanyregions.*解析思路：文章第三段說明氣候變化導(dǎo)致天氣模式改變（降水和溫度變化），這會(huì)“破壞許多地區(qū)的生長季節(jié)并減少作物產(chǎn)量”。因此，答案涉及天氣模式和作物產(chǎn)量。8.Unequivocalmeansclearandundisputed.*解析思路：第二段提到“科學(xué)共識(shí)是明確無誤的”（unequivocal），后文強(qiáng)調(diào)“人類活動(dòng)是主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素”?？茖W(xué)共識(shí)應(yīng)該是非常清晰、沒有爭議的。9.Thepassagesuggeststhatclimatechangeputscoastalcommunitiesatriskduetorisingsealevels,whichendangercoastalareasandmaymakecitiesuninhabitable.*解析思路：文章第三段提到海平面上升會(huì)“威脅沿海社區(qū)和低洼地區(qū)”，并在第五段提到如果溫度繼續(xù)上升，“沿海城市可能變得不適合居住”。因此，答案涉及海平面上升和沿海社區(qū)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisneededtoaddressclimatechangeeffectivelyisaconcertedglobalefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissions,transitiontorenewableenergy,andimplementsustainablepractices.*解析思路：文章第五段明確指出，需要“全球共同努力，減少溫室氣體排放，轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源，并實(shí)施可持續(xù)的實(shí)踐”。這是文章提出的有效應(yīng)對氣候變化的途徑。11.Themainideaisthatglocalizationadaptsglobalproductsormessagestosuitlocalculturesandpreferences,bridgingthegapbetweenglobalandlocal.*解析思路：文章首段定義了“全球本土化”是調(diào)整全球產(chǎn)品以適應(yīng)本地文化和偏好，并在最后一段重申其作用是“彌合全球和本地之間的差距”。核心是本地化適應(yīng)。12.McDonald'sadapteditsmenuinIndiabecausealargeportionofthepopulationdoesnoteatbeef,sothecompanyofferedvegetarianoptionstocatertolocaldietaryhabitsandpreferences.*解析思路：文章第三段明確提到，由于印度“很大一部分人口不吃牛肉”，麥當(dāng)勞提供了“廣泛的素食選項(xiàng)”，以適應(yīng)“當(dāng)?shù)仫嬍沉?xí)慣和偏好”。因此，答案涉及印度的人口特征和麥當(dāng)勞的回應(yīng)。13.Resonancemeansaconnectionorsharedunderstanding.*解析思路：第四段提到需要文化適應(yīng)，包括修改幽默等，以確?！芭c目標(biāo)受眾產(chǎn)生共鳴”（resonance）。這意味著與受眾建立聯(lián)系或產(chǎn)生理解。14.Thepassagesuggeststhattherelationshipbetweenglobalandlocalculturesisoneinwhichglobalinfluencescanbeadaptedandintegratedintolocalcontexts,respectingandpreservinglocalidentities.*解析思路：第四段提到全球品牌通過尊重和融入本地偏好來獲得成功，并促進(jìn)文化交流