6/6Unit1Grammar優(yōu)教教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（一）設(shè)計(jì)意圖Thisisthelastperiodofthisunit,aimingtohelpstudentsgetabasicknowledgeofthegrammarinthisunit.Theemphasisofthisperiodismainlyplacedonunderstandingandusageofthegrammar.Therefore,teachersshouldcreatearelativelyrealcontexttopresentenoughsentencesforstudentstodrawaconclusionabouttheruleofthePastParticiple.Inthemeantimeteachersshouldoffermoreopportunitiesforstudentstopractice.Exercisesdesignedoughttobesimpleandeasytooperate,whichareconnectedwiththeirdailylifetomakeiteasytounderstand.教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.TohelpstudentslearntousethePastParticipleasthepredicativeandattribute.2.TolearntousethePastParticipleintherealsituationthroughself-studyandpractice.3.TohelpstudentsbeabsorbedinEnglishstudyandenjoythebeautyofEnglish.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)EnablestudentstomastertheusageofthePastParticiple.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)ToguidestudentstoknowhowtousethePastParticipleintherealsituation.教學(xué)過(guò)程Step1:Lead-in（設(shè)計(jì)意圖：通過(guò)課文句子導(dǎo)入新課，讓學(xué)生在語(yǔ)境中體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，同時(shí)帶著問(wèn)題進(jìn)入課堂，激發(fā)學(xué)生興趣。）T:Hello,everyone!Pleaselookatthesentencescarefully.Pickouttheattributeorthepredicativeofthesentences.(1)Iwasangrywithhimforkeepingmewaitingsolong.(2)Sheisabeautifulyounglady.(3)Hegotworriedaboutlosingthemoney.(4)Sallywassoexcitedatthegoodnews.(5)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.S:angry,beautiful,young,worried,excited,terrified.T:Yes,thePastParticipleisusedinthesentencesastheattributeorthepredicative.WhatistheusageofthePastParticiples?Howtousethem?Attheendofclass,we’llseewhocananswerthequestions.Step2:Self-directedstudy（設(shè)計(jì)意圖：理解并根據(jù)學(xué)案上的例句，構(gòu)建過(guò)去分詞的知識(shí)樹(shù)，總結(jié)基本用法，爭(zhēng)取學(xué)以致用，培養(yǎng)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。）T:ThisclasswewilllearnthePastParticipleandputthemintopractice.First,it’sself-studytime.Pleaseobservetheexamplesentencesinthesheetandtrytosummarizetheirusagesbyreferringtothedictionaryorreferencebooks.Makeamarkwhereyoucan’tunderstand.Then,15minuteslater,we’llseewhothebestself-learneris.Pleasebeginnow.Step3:Presentationandspecialattention（設(shè)計(jì)意圖：通過(guò)自學(xué)成果的展示，提高學(xué)生構(gòu)建語(yǔ)法知識(shí)樹(shù)的能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生口頭表達(dá)總結(jié)拓展的能力，培養(yǎng)質(zhì)疑解答的能力。）(15minuteslater)T:Timeisup.Let’sseehowyoulearnthePastParticipleonebyone.ExplaintheusageofthePastParticiplesastheattributeandthepredicative.Task1:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)【觀察思考】仔細(xì)觀察下列句子中的過(guò)去分詞的用法。1.Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.2.Weneededmanymorequalifiedworkers.3.Papercutsusedforreligiouspurposesareoftenfoundintemples.4.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.5.Thegirldressedinwhiteismydaughter.【歸納總結(jié)】1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有被動(dòng)意義（見(jiàn)句1）。此時(shí)，作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般是由及物動(dòng)詞變來(lái)的，因?yàn)橹挥写祟悇?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。2.單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前（見(jiàn)句1、句2）。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)或完成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句（見(jiàn)句3、句4、句5）?！韭?lián)想拓展】1.不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞也可作定語(yǔ)，一般作前置定語(yǔ)，不表示被動(dòng)意義，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。如：fallenleaves落葉；retiredworkers退休工人；therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)。2.如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代：詞those或these等時(shí)，即使是單一的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，也要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.3.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)還可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，前后用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如：Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,neversawatrain.【辨析】過(guò)去分詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與所修飾的名詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；而過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，則表示被動(dòng)或完成意義。如：Mr.Smith,tiredoftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanallexpensespaidvacationtoChina.Task2:過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)【觀察思考】仔細(xì)觀察下列句子中的過(guò)去分詞的用法。1.Thestreetislinedwithsmallshops.2.Tomwasastonishedtoseehisfather.【歸納總結(jié)】過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)?！颈嫖觥?.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)和特征，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。如：Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.Thelibraryisnowclosed.2。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)或完成，動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行。如：Shewasembarrassedbecauseshedidn’tknowtheanswer.Today’smeetingwasboring.3.有些動(dòng)詞如interest,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其過(guò)去分詞形式來(lái)說(shuō)明人的情況，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式來(lái)說(shuō)明物的情況。如：ThebookisinterestingandI’minterestedinit.課堂練習(xí)T:SincewehaveknownthePastParticiple,let’sputthemintopractice.FinishChallenge.Finishthistaskwithin10minutes.Youcandiscusswithyourpartnerifnecessary.Let’sstart.挑戰(zhàn)一小試牛刀1.Inautumn,（落葉）canbeseeneverywhere.秋天，到處可以看到落葉。2.地上覆蓋著雪。3.Ifoundthat（我迷路了）.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader(respect)bythepeople.6.Anymedicine（服用）withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.7.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan（她制定的）.8.Mostofthepeople（被邀請(qǐng)參加會(huì)議的）werefamousscientists.Suggestedanswers:1.fallenleaves2.Thegroundiscoveredwithsnow.3.Iwaslost4.brought5.respected6.taken7.madebyher8.invitedtoattendtheconference/meeting挑戰(zhàn)二鏈接高考（設(shè)計(jì)意圖：通過(guò)在具體語(yǔ)境中的訓(xùn)練，學(xué)以致用，提高解題能力，解決過(guò)去分詞理解障礙。）1.Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecamerastoourshopforqualityproblems.A.returningB.returnedC.toreturnD.tobereturned2.AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanursetoguardher.A.toappointB.appointingC.appointedD.havingappointed3.Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsindailyconversations.A.usingB.touseC.havingusedD.used4.Youcannotacceptanopiniontoyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.A.offeringB.toofferC.havingofferedD.offered5.Thewitnessesbythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A.questionedB.beingquestionedC.tobequestionedD.havingquestioned6.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget,Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A.promoteB.promotedC.promotingD.topromote7.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying.A.connectedB.connectingC.toconnectD.tobeconnected8.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremainedabroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A.stickingB.stuckC.