2026年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)清單——猜測(cè)詞義題目錄目錄01知識(shí)腦圖·學(xué)科框架速建02考點(diǎn)精析·知識(shí)能力全解【知能解讀01】猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考情統(tǒng)計(jì)【知能解讀02】猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考情解讀【知能解讀03】猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考點(diǎn)分類【知能解讀04】猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考題干特點(diǎn)【知能解讀05】閱讀理解滿分突破思維導(dǎo)圖03攻堅(jiān)指南·高頻考點(diǎn)突破【重難點(diǎn)突破01】利用就近原則判指代【重難點(diǎn)突破02】代詞指代跟蹤訓(xùn)練【重難點(diǎn)突破03】利用語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)句意【重難點(diǎn)突破04】句意猜測(cè)跟蹤訓(xùn)練【重難點(diǎn)突破05】利用構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義【重難點(diǎn)突破06】構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)跟蹤訓(xùn)練04避坑錦囊·易混易錯(cuò)診療【易混易錯(cuò)01】利用語(yǔ)法關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義【易混易錯(cuò)02】語(yǔ)法關(guān)系猜詞跟蹤訓(xùn)練【易混易錯(cuò)03】利用邏輯關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義【易混易錯(cuò)04】邏輯關(guān)系猜詞跟蹤訓(xùn)練05通法提煉·高頻思維拆解【方法技巧01】閱讀猜詞詞義題答題誤區(qū)【方法技巧02】閱讀猜詞詞義題誤區(qū)應(yīng)對(duì)【方法技巧03】閱讀猜詞詞義題滿分策略01猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考情統(tǒng)計(jì)卷別細(xì)節(jié)理解題猜測(cè)詞義題推理判斷題主旨大意題2025全國(guó)一卷71612025全國(guó)二卷81422024新課標(biāo)I卷91412024新課標(biāo)II卷91412024全國(guó)甲卷71612023新課標(biāo)I卷61712023新課標(biāo)II卷61712023全國(guó)甲卷81512023全國(guó)乙卷51812022新課標(biāo)I卷82412022新課標(biāo)II卷82412022全國(guó)甲卷81332022全國(guó)乙卷101312021新課標(biāo)I卷81422021新課標(biāo)II卷111212021全國(guó)甲卷51812021全國(guó)乙卷616202猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考情解讀1.每年必考猜測(cè)詞義題基本上是閱讀理解每年必考的題型。此類題型旨在考查考生根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的本意或外延含義的能力，既可以考查生詞的意義，也可以考查熟詞的新意，還可以是對(duì)替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的判斷。除了直接命題的生詞外，閱讀文章時(shí)，常常也會(huì)遇到一些過去未見過的詞，但這類生詞的詞義大都可以通過上下文推斷出來(lái)。2.四大類型閱讀理解猜測(cè)詞義題有四大考查方向：一是考查生詞語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)，二是考查短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)，三是考查句子語(yǔ)境理解，四是考查代詞語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)。03猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考考點(diǎn)分類04猜測(cè)詞義題五年高考題干特點(diǎn)26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4? (2025全國(guó)二卷，代詞型)28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean? （2024新課標(biāo)I卷，短語(yǔ)型）32.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean? （2024新課標(biāo)II卷，短語(yǔ)型）26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3? （2024全國(guó)甲卷，短語(yǔ)型）24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphreferto? （2024浙江1月卷，代詞型）29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean? （2023新課標(biāo)I卷，生詞型）30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inparagraph2mean? （2023新課標(biāo)I卷，短語(yǔ)型）24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1? （2023新課標(biāo)II卷，短語(yǔ)型）05閱讀理解滿分突破思維導(dǎo)圖01利用就近原則判定指代1.試題特點(diǎn)在文章中，為了避免語(yǔ)意的重復(fù)，常用一些代詞指代上文所說(shuō)的人或事。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，熟悉代詞的含義十分重要。代詞多是it、this、that、he、them、they、one、those等。一般來(lái)講，it/this/that指代一件事；it/he/them/they/one/those可指代上文提到的人或事物。解答這類題目的時(shí)候要遵循“就近原則”，找出離代詞最近的名詞、詞組或句子等，當(dāng)然有時(shí)需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，才能找出代詞所指代的事物。代詞指代題原則上從上文尋找線索，確定答案?；军c(diǎn)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，指人還是指物。2.設(shè)問方式26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?(2025全國(guó)二卷)24.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?(2024浙江1月卷)3.思維導(dǎo)圖02代詞指代跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2025全國(guó)二卷第26題)原文：Thereareupto30studentsatanygiventimeinHo’sclass.Shegenerallyworkswiththeirregularteacherstogetlessonsandtestsbeingusedattheirhomeschools.Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.“Theythinktheirteachersdon’tcareabouttheirschoolwork.”26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A.Offeringregularlessons. B.Payingextraattention.C.Assigningnoschoolwork. D.Showingnosympathy.A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedword,“it”,referto,paragraph4。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:第四段劃線詞所在句“Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.(一些老師不給孩子們布置任何作業(yè)，而是表達(dá)同情。Ho說(shuō)：“我覺得這對(duì)孩子們是一種傷害”)”可推知，其中的“it”指的是不給孩子們布置作業(yè)這件事。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案C。跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2024浙江1月卷第24題)原文：Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall—nottoshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas...2006.Iwasconductingauditions(試演)formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore“youngprofessional”．24.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.C.Thesofa. D.Thetelephonebox.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theword“it”,underlinedinthefirstparagraph,referto。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:原文本段第五句。根據(jù)“就近原則”和代詞所指代的內(nèi)容一般出現(xiàn)在前面的句子中，且it表單數(shù)概念可知，此處指使“我”的合租房看起來(lái)更“年輕專業(yè)”一點(diǎn)，it指代“合租房”，代入原文，符合句意。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案B。跟蹤訓(xùn)練3(2022新高考II卷第30題)原文："Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedword"something",lastparagraph,referto。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)句中的“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior.”（我們需要一些能改變?nèi)藗冃袨榈臇|西，）可知，something是能夠改變?nèi)藗兊男袨榈氖虑?。根?jù)下文的“IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”（他說(shuō)，如果Textalyzer法案成為法律，“人們會(huì)更害怕拿起手機(jī)。）可知，人們的行為會(huì)改變的條件是當(dāng)Textalyzer法案成為法律。受到法律的約束和懲罰，司機(jī)們才不會(huì)在開車的時(shí)候使用手機(jī)。故something指代的是法律。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案D。03利用語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)句意1.題型解讀高考閱讀理解有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)某一個(gè)句子的本意或外延含義進(jìn)行考查,因此要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解前后句所表達(dá)的含義,巧解句意猜測(cè)題。句意猜測(cè)題要求考生通過閱讀文章,用合適的語(yǔ)句對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋性的描述。2.思維導(dǎo)圖04句意猜測(cè)跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2021全國(guó)甲卷第24題)原文：Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫桿）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?A.Becareful! B.Welldone! C.Noway! D.Don'tworry!第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedwords,“Safe!Safe!Safe!”,probablymean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.(那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大聲歡呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是贊美的含義。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案B。跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2019浙江卷第24題)原文：Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”24.Whatdoestheexpression“Moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether. 第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theexpression,“Moneywithnostringsattached”,paragraph1,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)第一段中的“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed(盡你所能,取你所需)”可知,此處“Moneywithnostringsattached”的意思應(yīng)該是“無(wú)條件提供錢”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案C。05利用構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義1.掌握構(gòu)詞法派生詞：否定前綴或后綴，與原單詞構(gòu)成反義詞，如dis.n-,i.…,-1s;后綴改變?cè)~性，不改變?cè)~義，如deliver→deli~;劉線o-表示“共同”;re-表示“又,再”;trans-表示“轉(zhuǎn)移’合成法:依據(jù)合成詞組成新詞，結(jié)合記一沙詞義;種詞性用作吳一種說(shuō)性而記形不變;轉(zhuǎn)化法：形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞；動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞；名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞等。2.思維導(dǎo)圖3.解題策略第一步：依據(jù)題干定位相應(yīng)段落。第二步：瞻前顧后找準(zhǔn)與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞、句。第三步：通過構(gòu)詞法破解劃線單詞的字面意思，再通過語(yǔ)境找到最佳答案。06構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2023新課標(biāo)I卷第29題)原文：Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on. C.Check-in. D.Take-over.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theunderlinedword,“declutter”,paragraph3,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)畫線詞下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.(這個(gè)過程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)離可選的在線活動(dòng)。在30天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，你再加上一些你認(rèn)為會(huì)給你所看重的東西帶來(lái)巨大好處的精心挑選的在線活動(dòng))”可推知，畫線詞“declutter”的意思是“清理”，對(duì)在線活動(dòng)進(jìn)行清理和挑選。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案A。跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2020新課標(biāo)II卷第25題)Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit....MyimaginaryGrandma’sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.SometimesstudentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthebelonging.25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theoffender”inparagraph8referto?A.Thestudent’sparent. B.ThemakeroftheGrandma’sBox.C.Theauthor’sgrandchild. D.Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit. 第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theunderlinedwords,“theoffender”,paragraph8,referto。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)可知,“-er”為后綴,當(dāng)其與動(dòng)詞組合時(shí),表示“做某事的人或物”；offend為動(dòng)詞,意為“違反;冒犯”。所以offender有“犯規(guī)者;違反者”之意。結(jié)合上文中出現(xiàn)的“forbiddenfruit”以及下文提到的“returnthebelonging”可推斷,畫線詞所在句表示,通常theoffender會(huì)在放學(xué)的時(shí)候過來(lái),作者就會(huì)把東西歸還給他/她。因此,theoffender就是攜帶違禁物品的人。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案D。跟蹤訓(xùn)練3(2016全國(guó)II卷第27題)原文：Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI’mjustnotcreative.”27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean？A.Mistake. B.Drawback. C.Difficulty. D.Burden.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theunderlinedword,“downside”,Paragraph4,probablymean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:downside是由“down（向下）+side（方面）”構(gòu)成的合成詞，并且后文提到“作者冒著失去那些有不同思維風(fēng)格的學(xué)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。因此，我們可以猜測(cè)該詞的意思是“不足，缺點(diǎn)”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案B。01利用語(yǔ)法關(guān)系猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系下定義：be、mean、referto、becalled/named、namely、thatis、beconsidered等詞語(yǔ)后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的注解性說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于對(duì)前面的詞語(yǔ)下定義。同位語(yǔ)(從句)：同位語(yǔ)(從句)是對(duì)其前內(nèi)容的解釋說(shuō)明，也可以幫助猜測(cè)詞義。定語(yǔ)(從句)：尤其注意后置定語(yǔ)和由which/who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。舉例說(shuō)明：forexample、forinstance、suchas.like、include、including等后面的內(nèi)容也有助于猜測(cè)詞義。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)：注意破折號(hào)(-)、冒號(hào)(:)、分號(hào)(;)后面的內(nèi)容,注意引號(hào)(“”)或括號(hào)中的內(nèi)容。2.思維導(dǎo)圖02語(yǔ)法關(guān)系猜詞跟蹤訓(xùn)練1.利用舉例在說(shuō)明文尤其是科技類說(shuō)明文中，作者通常會(huì)對(duì)一些關(guān)鍵詞或?qū)I(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋。常見的有對(duì)該詞下定義或后跟同位語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、冒號(hào)、破折號(hào)、括號(hào)等引出解釋說(shuō)明部分。跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2022全國(guó)乙卷第29題)原文：Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety. B.Assistancefromdrones.C.inspectionandrepair. D.Constructionofinfrastructure.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,“maintenance”underlined,paragraph3,referto。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:“includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure”對(duì)“maintenance”進(jìn)行了解釋，故推測(cè)maintenance是“維護(hù)，保養(yǎng)”的意思，C項(xiàng)inspectionandrepair與句中的inspectandrepair對(duì)應(yīng)。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案C。2.利用破折號(hào)跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2021全國(guó)乙卷第25題)原文：Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey(調(diào)查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit.B.Argue. C.Remember. D.Remark.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theunderlinedword,“concede”,paragraph3,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)劃線單詞的上文“OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline(在那些仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人中)”可知，這個(gè)調(diào)查的目標(biāo)人群是仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人；根據(jù)下文“it'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies(固定電話并不是必須的，他們將其作為一種安全保障——19%的人表示他們從未使用過固定電話，另有13%的人保留固定電話以防緊急情況)”可知，很多人認(rèn)為固定電話并不是必須擁有的，有些人保留固定電話只是為了防止緊急情況。從而推知，在調(diào)查中，他們應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)了固定電話的非必要性。由此推知，劃線單詞“concede”意為“承認(rèn)”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案A。3.利用同義關(guān)系跟蹤訓(xùn)練3(2015四川卷第44題)原文：Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean？A.Activeatnight.

B.Inactiveatnight.C.Activeduringtheday.

D.Inactiveduringtheday.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedword,“nocturnal”,inParagraph5,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:畫線單詞前一句說(shuō)“不是只有知更鳥在人造光下會(huì)一直醒著”，而“also（也）”表明這一句與前面表達(dá)的意思相近，即“黑鸝和海鷗也更活躍”?！皀octurnal”應(yīng)該是“awake”的近義詞，意為“夜間活躍的”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案A。4.利用釋義關(guān)系跟蹤訓(xùn)練4(2023全國(guó)甲卷第24題)TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A.Anartist. B.Awinner. C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:Which,closest,inmeaningto“adabhand”,paragraph1。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:據(jù)文章第一段畫線短語(yǔ)下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(她擅長(zhǎng)擺架子和拼接家具，從不付錢給別人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此處指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C項(xiàng)“Aspecialist(一位專業(yè)人員)”最接近畫線短語(yǔ)“adabhand”的意思。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案C。03利用邏輯關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義1.邏輯關(guān)系反義關(guān)系：根據(jù)畫線詞的反義詞猜測(cè)詞義。表示轉(zhuǎn)折:but,however,otherwisethough,eventhough；表示對(duì)比:unlike,incontrast,while.onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,ratherthan,insteadof。同義關(guān)系：根據(jù)畫線詞的相同或相近意義的詞語(yǔ)猜測(cè)詞義。表示類同:similarly,like,or,namelyinotherwords,thatistosay,justas,and,also,aswellas,thesameas.as...as。因果關(guān)系：根據(jù)前后因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義。表原因:because,since,becauseofdueto,thanksto,for,asaresultof；表結(jié)果:so,therefore,sothat,sosuch...that...,leadto/resultin/contributeto,asaresult。2.思維導(dǎo)圖3.解題思路第一步：依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位原文相關(guān)詞、句。第二步：瞻前顧后抓關(guān)鍵詞，如but,unlike,inotherwords,asaresult等。第三步：“題干-原文-選項(xiàng)”三對(duì)照，從肯定否定邏輯和感情褒貶性入手作答。04邏輯關(guān)系猜詞跟蹤訓(xùn)練1.利用因果關(guān)系猜詞若畫線單詞或短語(yǔ)前后句子之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，那我們便可以根據(jù)這種因果邏輯關(guān)系推知單詞或短語(yǔ)的意義。因果關(guān)系的語(yǔ)境通常由because,so,thus,therefore,asaresultof,sothat,so/such...that...等標(biāo)志詞體現(xiàn)。跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2019全國(guó)II卷第25題)原文：Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inParagraph2mean？A.Encourageteamwork.

B.Appealtofeeling.C.Promotegooddeeds.

D.Provideadvice.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedphrase,“tugattheheartstrings”,Paragraph2,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:由邏輯詞“so”可知，此處可以借助因果邏輯關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義句意。畫線部分的前一句提到“她可能需要有人勸說(shuō)一下”，故“tugattheheartstrings”應(yīng)該有“勸說(shuō)”的意思?！癮ppealtofeeling”意思是“打動(dòng)某人，喚起某人的情感”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案B。2.利用對(duì)比關(guān)系猜詞運(yùn)用轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比描述事物或現(xiàn)象是寫作時(shí)常用的一種手法，作者常借用一些信號(hào)詞來(lái)提供相反信息，抓住這些信號(hào)詞，結(jié)合上下文意，我們就能夠快速推測(cè)出詞義。體現(xiàn)對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)很多，常見的有but,yet,however,while,unlike,insteadof,ontheotherhand,ratherthan,onthecontrary等。跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2020新高考Ⅰ卷第33題)原文：AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons. C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,underlinedword“beanpoles”,paragraph1,referto。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份)，it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.”，研究表明，與現(xiàn)存的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)(應(yīng)該避免和食量大的胖人一起吃飯)相反，你真正需要避開的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根據(jù)“contraryto”可知，畫線詞與heavierpeople含義相反。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案D。跟蹤訓(xùn)練3(2024新課標(biāo)II卷第32題)原文：Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.32.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,thephrase“Inthewronghands”,paragraph2,probablymean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)第二段畫線短語(yǔ)后but及thankfully可知前后語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)折,前句應(yīng)該是假設(shè)一位不是Campbell的作者,與后句中經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的作者進(jìn)行對(duì)比。根據(jù)文章第二段“suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(這樣一本書可能會(huì)像驅(qū)動(dòng)人工智能的計(jì)算機(jī)代碼一樣復(fù)雜，但值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實(shí)際角度而不是學(xué)者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會(huì)讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾撰寫的這本書是通俗易懂的，如果別人寫這本書的話可能就不是這樣了，推測(cè)劃線短語(yǔ)表示“如果是由能力較差的人寫的”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案C。3.利用同一關(guān)系猜詞跟蹤訓(xùn)練4(2023新課標(biāo)II卷第30題)Inthis“bookofbooks,”artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed(描繪)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inparagraph2mean?A.Understand. B.Paint.C.Seize. D.Transform.第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,theunderlinedwords“relateto”,paragraph2,mean。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:根據(jù)畫線詞上文“artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.(藝術(shù)品的選擇和排列方式強(qiáng)調(diào)了不同時(shí)代和文化之間的聯(lián)系。我們看到孩子們?cè)诩依锘驅(qū)W校學(xué)習(xí)閱讀的場(chǎng)景，這本書是幾代人之間關(guān)系的焦點(diǎn))”以及“Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmoments(這些場(chǎng)景可能是數(shù)百年前繪制的，但它們記錄了一些時(shí)刻)”可推知，此處指書籍是人類之間相互聯(lián)系和理解的紐帶，故與畫線短語(yǔ)“relateto”意思最相近的為A項(xiàng)“理解、認(rèn)識(shí)到”。第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)得出答案A。01閱讀猜詞詞義題答題誤區(qū)1.忽視上下文語(yǔ)境，僅憑單詞記憶作答?不少學(xué)生在遇到生詞時(shí)，第一反應(yīng)是在腦海中搜索該詞的記憶釋義，而忽略了單詞所處的上下文語(yǔ)境。例如：2023年新高考Ⅰ卷的閱讀文章中，“Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.”對(duì)于declutter一詞，如果僅從單詞本身出發(fā)，學(xué)生可能難以知曉其含義。但結(jié)合下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.”可知，該過程要求人們遠(yuǎn)離一些線上活動(dòng)，由此可推斷出declutter有“清理，整理（此處指對(duì)線上活動(dòng)進(jìn)行清理）”的意思。若學(xué)生不關(guān)注上下文，僅憑對(duì)clutter雜亂）的模糊記憶，很難準(zhǔn)確理解“declutter”在此處的含義。?2.誤判邏輯關(guān)系，導(dǎo)致詞義推導(dǎo)錯(cuò)誤?閱讀文章中詞與詞、句與句之間存在著各種邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比、并列等，這些邏輯關(guān)系是推測(cè)詞義的重要線索。然而，學(xué)生在答題時(shí)常常誤判這些邏輯關(guān)系。例如：2022年全國(guó)甲卷的閱讀理解中，“Unlikehersister,whoisalwayscheerfulandtalkative,Maryisrathertaciturn.”句中“Unlike”表明了對(duì)比關(guān)系，即Mary和她姐姐的性格相反，她姐姐“cheerfulandtalkative”（開朗健談），那么可以推斷出“taciturn”意為“沉默寡言的”。若學(xué)生未能識(shí)別出“Unlike”所體現(xiàn)的對(duì)比邏輯，就可能無(wú)法正確猜出“taciturn”的詞義。3.對(duì)熟詞生義缺乏認(rèn)知，局限于常見釋義?高考英語(yǔ)閱讀?？疾槭煸~在特定語(yǔ)境下的生僻含義，而學(xué)生往往局限于單詞的常見釋義。例如：2024年新高考I卷為例，“Thecourseoftheriverhaschangeddramaticallyovertheyears.”這里的“course并非學(xué)生熟悉的“課程”含義，而是“路線，河道”的意思。學(xué)生若只知道“course”的常見義，就無(wú)法理解句子的準(zhǔn)確意思。4.無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確判斷代詞指代內(nèi)容?在閱讀文章中，代詞的準(zhǔn)確指代對(duì)于理解文意至關(guān)重要。但學(xué)生在確定代詞指代對(duì)象時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。例如，2023年新高考II卷中的一段話，“Thescientistsconductedanexperimentonagroupofmice.Theyfoundthatthemiceintheexperimentalgroupshoweddifferentbehaviorscomparedtothoseinthecontrolgroup.Thisdiscoverycouldhaveimportantimplicationsforfutureresearch.”這里的“Thisdiscovery”指代的是前文科學(xué)家們關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)組小鼠與對(duì)照組小鼠行為差異的發(fā)現(xiàn)，若學(xué)生不能準(zhǔn)確判斷，就會(huì)影響對(duì)文章后續(xù)內(nèi)容的理解以及相關(guān)詞義猜測(cè)題的解答。02閱讀猜詞詞義題誤區(qū)應(yīng)對(duì)1.強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)境意識(shí)，仔細(xì)研讀上下文?在解答猜詞詞義題時(shí)，學(xué)生要樹立強(qiáng)烈的語(yǔ)境意識(shí)。當(dāng)遇到需猜測(cè)詞義的單詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí)，要認(rèn)真閱讀其所在句子以及前后相鄰的句子，從整體語(yǔ)境中尋找線索。2．掌握邏輯關(guān)系詞，借助邏輯推理?學(xué)生需要熟練掌握常見的邏輯關(guān)系詞及其所表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系。在閱讀過程中，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，就要高度關(guān)注，并據(jù)此分析句子之間的邏輯聯(lián)系，進(jìn)而推測(cè)詞義。比如，看到“but”“however”“yet”等轉(zhuǎn)折詞時(shí)，要意識(shí)到前后內(nèi)容相反；看到“and”“or”“similarly”等表示并列或相似關(guān)系的詞時(shí)，可知前后內(nèi)容在語(yǔ)義上相近或相關(guān)；看到“because”“since”“asaresultof”等因果關(guān)系詞時(shí)，可從原因推導(dǎo)結(jié)果或從結(jié)果追溯原因。3.積累熟詞生義，拓寬詞匯理解?平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中，學(xué)生要注重積累常見單詞的生僻含義?？梢酝ㄟ^整理高考真題、模擬題中出現(xiàn)的熟詞生義情況，建立專門的詞匯筆記，定期復(fù)習(xí)。同時(shí)，在閱讀英文文章、書籍、報(bào)刊時(shí)，遇到熟詞在不同語(yǔ)境下的特殊含義，要及時(shí)記錄并理解記憶。4.運(yùn)用指代分析技巧，確定代詞指代?對(duì)于代詞指代題，學(xué)生可采用以下方法：首先，返回原文，找到代詞所在位置；然后，向前（有時(shí)也可能向后，但大部分情況是向前）搜索，尋找離代詞最近的名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)或句子；最后，將找到的內(nèi)容代入代詞處，看句子的邏輯和語(yǔ)義是否通順合理。03閱讀猜詞詞義題滿分策略1.建立熟詞生義庫(kù)：整理近5年真題出現(xiàn)的熟詞生義，每日復(fù)習(xí)5-10個(gè)，重點(diǎn)記憶高頻詞。?2.強(qiáng)化邏輯詞敏感度：總結(jié)常見邏輯關(guān)系詞（如轉(zhuǎn)折），結(jié)合真題例句進(jìn)行邏輯推導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練。?3.構(gòu)詞法專項(xiàng)突破：掌握常見前綴、后綴、詞根，遇到生詞先拆分結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境驗(yàn)證。4.三步定位語(yǔ)境法：鎖定生詞句及前后2句；圈出邏輯詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)；代入原文檢查是否通順。猜測(cè)猜測(cè)詞義題綜合能力提升真題專區(qū)：研讀高考真題，洞悉高考命題規(guī)律，探尋滿分做題技巧和應(yīng)試思維01(2025浙江1月卷)Anoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referredtoasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.Eschewingfertilizers(化肥)andpowertools,it’sbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:togardenmorelikenaturedoes.TheconceptwasbornwhenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofparklandafterWorldWarIIinareproduciblewaythatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.Plannerscreatedplantingmixesthatcouldbeusedmodularly(模塊化).Inamatrixgarden,plantswithsimilarculturalneedsaregroupedsothattheywillgrowtogetheraboveandbelowground,formingacooperativeecosystemthatconserveswateranddiscouragesweeds.DutchplantsmananddesignerPietOudolf’sgardenspopularizedthisstyle,addingartisticflavorstotheplantingmixeswhileplayingwithcolorandform,includingfour-seasoninterestandservingtheneedsofwildlife.Beautifulyear-round,theyinviteyoutoenjoythesmallestdetail,fromthesoundofgrassesinthegentlewindtothesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads.Ittakesalotofthoughttolookthisnatural.Whilematrixgardensappearwild,theyarecarefullyplanned,withculturalneedsthefirstconsideration.Ledbytheconceptof“rightplant,rightplace,”theymatchplantsthatenjoythesamesoil,sunandweatherconditions,andarrangethemaccordingtotheirpatternsofgrowth.Thebenefitsaresubstantialforbothgardenerandplanet.Withhumaninputsdramaticallyreduced,thegarden’secologycandevelopwell.Establishedmatrixgardensshouldnotneedthelifesupportwegivemostgardens:fertilizer,dividing,regularwatering.Comparedtotraditionalgardenplots,theyincreasecarbonabsorption,reducestormwaterrunoffandboosthabitatandbiodiversitysignificantly.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eschewing”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Runningoutof. B.Keepingawayfrom.C.Puttingupwith. D.Takingadvantageof.29.Whywastheideaofmatrixplantingintroduced?A.Tocontrolweedsinlargegardens. B.Tobringinforeignspeciesofplants.C.Toconservesoilandwaterresources. D.Todeveloplow-maintenanceparkland.30.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPietOudolf’sgardens?A.Traditional. B.Odd-looking. C.Tasteful. D.Well-protected.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThefutureofgardeningisWILD B.NaturetreatsalllivesasEQUALSC.MatrixgardensneedmoreCARE D.OldgardenplotsworkWONDERS【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了矩陣式種植方法的理念、起源、發(fā)展、原則及其帶來(lái)的益處。這種種植方法通過精心規(guī)劃植物組合，減少人工干預(yù)，發(fā)揮自然的最大作用，從而創(chuàng)建一個(gè)自給自足的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，不僅美觀，還能顯著提升環(huán)境效益?！窘馕觥?8.B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)首段第二句“Referredtoasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.”以及最后一句中的togardenmorelikenaturedoes可知，矩陣式種植方法旨在減少人工干預(yù)，發(fā)揮自然在花園的生長(zhǎng)和設(shè)計(jì)中的更大作用。故Eschewing應(yīng)該指減少、摒棄化肥以及園藝電動(dòng)工具的使用，故選B。29.D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段首句“TheconceptwasbornwhenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofparklandafterWorldWarIIinareproduciblewaythatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.”可知，矩陣式種植的目的是開發(fā)維護(hù)度極低的公園用地。developlow-maintenanceparkland是plantlargeareasofparkland...needminimalmaintenance的同義表達(dá)，故選D。30.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的addingartisticflavors、playingwithcolorandform、Beautiful、enjoythesmallestdetail、thesoundofgrasses、thesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads可知，PietOudolf的花園融入了藝術(shù)特色，巧妙運(yùn)用色彩和形態(tài)，四季皆美，細(xì)節(jié)豐富，具有觀賞價(jià)值。Tasteful意為“雅致的；有品位的”，是對(duì)artistic、Beautiful、enjoy的概括。31.A。主旨大意題。文章首段開門見山，介紹矩陣式種植方法的理念：減少人工干預(yù)，發(fā)揮自然的作用。第二、三段介紹這種設(shè)計(jì)方法的起源和發(fā)展，第四段聚焦矩陣式種植的原則“適地適樹”，末段分析這種設(shè)計(jì)方法帶來(lái)的益處。據(jù)此可知，文章旨在介紹一種新型園藝設(shè)計(jì)方法“矩陣式種植”，A項(xiàng)中WILD意為“自然生長(zhǎng)的”，契合矩陣式種植的理念，故選A。02(2025八省聯(lián)考卷)JimJohnson,amailcarrier,wasaninstitutionintheleafyWestmoreland,WesthavenandWestoverHillsneighborhoods.justnorthofdowntownWilmington,wherehedeliveredmuchmorethanthemail.Heknewallthekidsandtheirpetsbyname;hecarriedinthegroceries;hetooknoteofunlockeddoors,offeredgardeningadvice,andtaughtmorethanafewyoungboystheartofthecurveball.Whenhewasn'tdoingallthat,Jimwasrunningacrossacheckerboardofgreenlawns(草坪)toensurethelocalpostalservicedidnotfallshortofitsdailypromise.Thoughthepostalserviceisoftendisparagednow,thetrustinlocalpostalserviceliveson.Inmanycommunities,thattrustiswoneverydaywhenlife-savingmedicine,greetingcards,socialsecuritychecks,collegeacceptanceletters-eventhebills-appearinmailboxesinfrontofthehouses.Aftermorethanthreedecades,Jimapproachedhisfinaldaysonthejobmuchlikeanyother.HedroveaboxypostaltrucktoNorthDuPontRoadforthefirstunofficialstopoftheday.Butch,adogwhobelongedtooneoftheneighbors,waswaitingjustlikeeverydaybefore.Andjustlikeeverydaybefore,hegotintothejumpseatandtheywereoff.Ontheroute,JimandButchhadbecomeinseparable.Now,thedogandthemailmanwouldrideofftoretirementtogether.Ateverystop,Jimacceptedthepartinggoodwishesoffamiliesthathadbecomehisown.Thereweretearsandlaughter,andhugsfilledwithwarmmemories.It’sbeen33yearssinceJimlefttheroute,butwearestillremindedofthedeepbondestablishedbetweencommunityandlettercarrier.That’swhatthepostalservicemeanstous.24.WhatdoweknowaboutJimJohnsonfromthefirstparagraph? A.He’sopen-minded. B.He’ssharp-eyed.C.He’swarm-hearted. D.He’sstrong-willed.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disparaged”inparagraph2mean?A.Refused. B.Criticized. C.Investigated. D.Suspended.26.WhatdidJimdobesidesdailydeliveryonhisfinaldaysofwork?A.HedroveButchtoitsowner. B.Hesentpresentstohis