高考英語(yǔ)閱讀七選五快捷解題技法閱讀七選五常用解題技法——“二步”解題法第一步：看位置定類型句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來(lái)考查考生的邏輯思維能力。段首、段中、段尾題在文中所起的作用可歸納為下表：挖空位置邏輯關(guān)系具體解讀段首題主旨句常以段落小標(biāo)題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。段中題例證關(guān)系前后的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過(guò)程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。常見(jiàn)的表示例證關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，

則空格處很有可能表示轉(zhuǎn)折。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：

but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/comparison,bycomparison等。因果關(guān)系表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：so,therefore,thus,

consequently(結(jié)果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)表示遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what'smore,what'sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。并列關(guān)系表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some

...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾題總結(jié)句用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語(yǔ)。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。[例1]●__40__Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]設(shè)空處位于段首，應(yīng)是該段落的小標(biāo)題。該段的主要內(nèi)容是“如果晨練，你就更有可能會(huì)堅(jiān)持一整天吃健康的食物”，故該段的主旨是“堅(jiān)持健康飲食”；再結(jié)合本段中的“healthyfood”“junkfood”與A項(xiàng)中的diet相關(guān)，故選A。[例2]…●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.__38__Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]設(shè)空處位于段中，屬于段中題。這一段說(shuō)的是晨練有助于人體的新陳代謝，能讓你一整天都感受到晨練消耗卡路里帶來(lái)的好處。F項(xiàng)“晨練之后你還會(huì)在一天時(shí)間里繼續(xù)消耗卡路里”中的關(guān)鍵詞“throughouttheday”與文中的“thewholeday”呼應(yīng)。故選F。[例3]Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.__40__.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]該空位于段尾，應(yīng)屬于總結(jié)句。根據(jù)空前的“thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant”可知，大型物品的顏色選擇所需要的時(shí)間、精力、費(fèi)用很大，這恰與F項(xiàng)構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)甲卷）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___36___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___37___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___38___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___39___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___40___,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時(shí)要知道的一些重要事情。36D【解析】根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐時(shí)要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時(shí)應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯(cuò)誤)”符合語(yǔ)境，其中“atarestaurant”對(duì)應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“WhenDiningOut”，同時(shí)引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無(wú)論你在世界的哪個(gè)地方)”。故選D。37F【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來(lái)的時(shí)候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時(shí)交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)，符合此處語(yǔ)境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。38C【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認(rèn)為是非常不禮貌的。法國(guó)人希望你每只手拿一個(gè)餐具吃飯)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國(guó)家就餐時(shí)習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問(wèn)題。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語(yǔ)境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。39G【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時(shí)提請(qǐng)求的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，這將是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)檫@向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠(yuǎn)不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國(guó)家，用餐時(shí)提出要求是很無(wú)禮的。由此可知，G項(xiàng)“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃飯時(shí)要鹽和胡椒看似很簡(jiǎn)單)”符合此處語(yǔ)境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說(shuō)明，在用餐時(shí)提出一些我們看來(lái)很平常的要求在某些國(guó)家是無(wú)禮的。故選G。40B【解析】根據(jù)下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.(你就會(huì)對(duì)它外國(guó)文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個(gè)國(guó)家待得越久，就會(huì)越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項(xiàng)“Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry(你在某個(gè)國(guó)家待的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng))”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。第二步：由類型--定技法主旨概括題主旨概括題主要考查考生對(duì)文章或段落進(jìn)行概括的能力，它要求考生在閱讀文章時(shí)，能夠提煉其中心思想，體會(huì)作者的寫作意圖，充分運(yùn)用概括能力提取文章的主題、觀點(diǎn)以及作者的情感態(tài)度。這類題常以考查段落標(biāo)題為主，設(shè)題位置一般在段首，有時(shí)總結(jié)性的語(yǔ)句也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段中或段尾。這類題有時(shí)也會(huì)考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主題句，一般會(huì)在首段設(shè)空。概括起來(lái)講，命題人通常從兩個(gè)方面設(shè)題：①概括文章或段落的主題句或結(jié)論性語(yǔ)句；②段落標(biāo)題。解答主旨概括題通常采用瀏覽的方式，即重點(diǎn)搜索本段的主題線索詞并快速理清主旨大意，然后瀏覽選項(xiàng)，準(zhǔn)確判定出與主旨大意匹配的選項(xiàng)。[例]●__39__Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]設(shè)空位于段首，應(yīng)為本段主題句。主題句一般是對(duì)上文或下文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，快速瀏覽本段，本段提到sleptbetter,difficulttorelax,apeacefulsleep，依據(jù)這些關(guān)鍵詞匯可概括本段說(shuō)的是晨練比晚上鍛煉更能改善睡眠，因此選B。語(yǔ)段過(guò)渡題語(yǔ)段過(guò)渡題所涉及的句子是過(guò)渡句，具有承上啟下的作用，該題型主要考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解能力和對(duì)上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的分析能力。其設(shè)空位置比較靈活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解這類題通?？刹捎梦恢门袛喾?。如果設(shè)空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。如果設(shè)空位于段中，重點(diǎn)閱讀該空的前一句和后一句，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；如果還沒(méi)有把握，再分析該段的中心句。如果設(shè)空位于段尾，在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)時(shí)，可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭之間的銜接。仔細(xì)閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否能與所選選項(xiàng)緊密連接起來(lái)。[例]Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39__.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]設(shè)空處在段中，所填句子應(yīng)是過(guò)渡句。該空前一句主要內(nèi)容是“mediumcolorchoices”，是G項(xiàng)中“smallones”的升級(jí)。該空后一句介紹了兩種方式的顏色選擇，與G項(xiàng)中的“twomajorways”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)乙卷）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.___36___.·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.___37___.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)___38___.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone___40___,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwhenever

possible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。36D【解析】上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時(shí)間打電話。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時(shí)間給對(duì)方打電話，D項(xiàng)“盡量找個(gè)雙方都有空的時(shí)間去打電話，并堅(jiān)持下去”

給出了解決沒(méi)時(shí)間打電話這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。37E【解析】上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”（確保你已經(jīng)和你的朋友溝通過(guò)，了解你們想要聯(lián)系的頻率，以及哪種方法對(duì)你們雙方都最有效。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，E項(xiàng)“朋友需要談?wù)撍麄兿矚g的交流方式”承接上文，進(jìn)一步提出對(duì)交流的方法的溝通，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.”（除了持續(xù)的文字交流，還有其他選擇，比如留下語(yǔ)音信息或進(jìn)行群聊。）對(duì)E項(xiàng)中的“methodsofcommunication”進(jìn)行了舉例說(shuō)明，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。38G【解析】下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來(lái)的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個(gè)）提到朋友的兩個(gè)不同處境，G項(xiàng)“你可能是朋友中離開(kāi)的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開(kāi)的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對(duì)應(yīng)下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項(xiàng)符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。39A【解析】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個(gè)方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.”（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對(duì)于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對(duì)于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對(duì)應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項(xiàng)“記得重要的日子”，所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。40F【解析】設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句“butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺(jué)地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺(jué)地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說(shuō)明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項(xiàng)“朋友之間很容易通過(guò)社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過(guò)社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題“Don’trelyontechnologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technology”。故選F項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)線索題細(xì)節(jié)線索類的試題要求考生更加注重文章中的細(xì)節(jié)，比如某個(gè)關(guān)鍵的單詞或數(shù)字等。解答這類試題經(jīng)常用到的方法有：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法、詞匯同現(xiàn)法、代詞線索法、邏輯關(guān)系線索法等。1．詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)法是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即在文章中不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述，從而使得同樣的意思在文章中不同的地方重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式主要包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同(近)義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等?？忌衫梦恼碌倪@一特點(diǎn)，在解題時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與正文意思相同、相近或相反的詞。[例]They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]解此題可運(yùn)用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法，該空所在段最后一句中的“smallcolorchoices”是D項(xiàng)“Smallcolorchoices”的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。2．詞匯同現(xiàn)法詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯范疇或者某一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語(yǔ)意銜接的目的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯的范疇越小，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。[例]Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfunfilledholidayinthewilderness.__38__Instead,wehadapopupcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynaturelovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D．Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E．ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F．Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G．Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.[分析]解此題可運(yùn)用詞匯同現(xiàn)法。該空前面的部分說(shuō)明了作者被說(shuō)服參加另一次野營(yíng)活動(dòng)，而空后則說(shuō)這次野營(yíng)活動(dòng)有舒服的床和空調(diào)，因此空處的論述應(yīng)該是在“住宿”這一范疇內(nèi)，幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)合適。3．代詞線索法英語(yǔ)文章中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞一般用來(lái)指代前面提及的名詞，考生如果能巧妙地利用這樣的指代關(guān)系或根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)就可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。[例]Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.__37__，

theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]解此題可運(yùn)用代詞線索法。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且與A項(xiàng)中的allofthem相呼應(yīng)，代入A項(xiàng)“盡管它們都很有用”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。4．邏輯關(guān)系線索法一篇文章往往是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，句子與句子之間常常有并列、順承、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果、過(guò)渡、例證等關(guān)系，有時(shí)甚至包含不止一種這樣的關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時(shí)一定要把握文章脈絡(luò)，弄清其中的邏輯關(guān)系。如果文中或選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關(guān)系詞，考生就可以利用其來(lái)進(jìn)行推理判斷；如果文中或選項(xiàng)中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，這就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境弄清文章內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，作出正確的判斷。[例1](2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,illcookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.__36__Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer...Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfunfilledholidayinthewildernessWehavedonealotofitsince...__40(E)__Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D．Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E．ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F．Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G．Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.[分析]解此題可運(yùn)用邏輯關(guān)系線索法。首句“如果三年前有人告訴我我會(huì)花大部分的周末時(shí)間去野營(yíng)，我將會(huì)開(kāi)懷大笑”使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，預(yù)示了后面的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。接著講述了作者過(guò)去對(duì)野營(yíng)的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后來(lái)對(duì)野營(yíng)的態(tài)度不一樣。D項(xiàng)表示“但是，從那時(shí)起我就學(xué)習(xí)了很多關(guān)于野營(yíng)的知識(shí)”，however與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此是最佳選項(xiàng)。此題的關(guān)鍵是however這個(gè)邏輯關(guān)系詞，承上啟下，為下文內(nèi)容作鋪墊。[例2]...●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__39__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.

40(G).Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrownupgarden.Havefun.A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG．Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave[分析]解此題可運(yùn)用邏輯關(guān)系線索法?？崭袂罢f(shuō)“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推測(cè)空格處會(huì)指出什么才是重要的，前后為順承邏輯關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)“我們做園藝工作的體驗(yàn)才是重要的”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。[例3]...Unfortunately,we'veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe'vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan'ttrustanymore.__37__

It'sunderstandable,butifyou'rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.A．Learntoreallytrustyourself.B．Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C．Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D．Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E．They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain.F．Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G．Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn'tmeanyou'reignoringwhathappened.[分析]此題從行文邏輯上判斷屬因果關(guān)系。上句意為“有時(shí)候，人們簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法再信任(別人)了”，而本句應(yīng)是解釋人們無(wú)法信任別人的原因。故E項(xiàng)符合題意。2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FitnessMagazine

recentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:

“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___36___”

Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.___37___Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.___38___Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.___39___Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.___40___Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—your

partnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個(gè)一起鍛煉的伙伴。36C【解析】根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartne.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個(gè)理由》的文章。一個(gè)理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會(huì)去鍛煉?！?”可知，這里陳述另一個(gè)和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練，你會(huì)更努力。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C。37D【解析】根據(jù)前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.(首先，決定你想從那個(gè)人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動(dòng)的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個(gè)問(wèn)句，反問(wèn)自己結(jié)伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?(你想在你最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目上成為更好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員嗎?)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。38B【解析】根據(jù)前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.(你可能會(huì)考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會(huì)得到有用的回應(yīng)。)”和后文“Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個(gè)人一定是同一個(gè)健身房的。)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點(diǎn)。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.(鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。39G【解析】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項(xiàng)包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時(shí)，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)，并提供了她的電話號(hào)碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說(shuō)明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G。40F【解析】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit--yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會(huì)受益——你的伴侶會(huì)舉起更多的重量，你也會(huì)變得更健康。)”可知，要學(xué)會(huì)求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學(xué)會(huì)彼此合作。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.___16___Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.___17___Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.___18___Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.___19___Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大塊)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.___20___Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是寫文章的技巧。16D【解析】空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.(當(dāng)你第一次想寫一篇文章的時(shí)候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開(kāi)紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會(huì)不間斷地寫，D選項(xiàng)“Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.(首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。17B【解析】空前說(shuō)“Staylooseandfree.(保持寬松和自由。)”，空后說(shuō)“Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.(不要擔(dān)心語(yǔ)法和拼寫。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項(xiàng)“Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.(讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。)”說(shuō)明了按自己的思路和想法來(lái)寫，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。18E【解析】空前說(shuō)“Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.(下一個(gè)技巧是快速寫草稿，不要擔(dān)心是否完美。)”，空后說(shuō)“Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.(然而，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)與不完美共存，你將避免自己的頭痛和一個(gè)裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。)”，E選項(xiàng)“Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.(太多的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。)”中的“gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明了有很多人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會(huì)允許不完美的存在，因此E選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。19F【解析】空前說(shuō)“Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.(第三種方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空間。)”，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.(許多初來(lái)乍到的作者沒(méi)有留出足夠的修改空間。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常見(jiàn)做法，且其中的“Manybeginningwriters”和后文的“thesewriters”相互呼應(yīng)，因此F選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。20G【解析】空前說(shuō)“Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.(當(dāng)你修改你的草稿，直到它太亂以至于無(wú)法繼續(xù)工作，你可以把你的修改輸入到你的文字處理器中。)”，空后說(shuō)“Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.(由此產(chǎn)生的空白允許您修改。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)輸入到文字處理器后應(yīng)該做什么，G選項(xiàng)“Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同樣將文本設(shè)置為三倍行距。)”說(shuō)的是輸入到你的文字處理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“Theresultingblankspace”相呼應(yīng)，因此G選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。閱讀七選五快捷解題技法——一序一忌看四點(diǎn)掌握了解答閱讀七選五的關(guān)鍵是理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)和句間邏輯。在考場(chǎng)上，我們不但要拼解題的準(zhǔn)度，還要拼解題的速度，所以本講我們給考生介紹一種快捷的解題技法——一序一忌看四點(diǎn)。一序：先看七、再讀文，快捷準(zhǔn)確有針對(duì)關(guān)于做題順序，是先讀文段，還是先看七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，大多數(shù)人傾向于先讀文段。但是，筆者還是建議先看七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，再讀短文。先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三個(gè)位置：段首、段中、段尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征，有時(shí)有的選項(xiàng)本身表述就是錯(cuò)誤的，可以直接從備選項(xiàng)中清除，以降低難度。一忌：“選一個(gè)、劃一個(gè)”，這個(gè)方法不足取解答閱讀七選五題目最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就是容易出現(xiàn)連環(huán)錯(cuò)！假如做題時(shí)，我們選一個(gè)，劃掉一個(gè)，美其名曰：逐步縮小包圍圈。方法雖妙，但倘若前面我們錯(cuò)選了一處，那么就會(huì)導(dǎo)致多處錯(cuò)選。因此我們做題時(shí)要特別忌諱“選出一個(gè)劃掉一個(gè)”，以避免造成一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)，產(chǎn)生連環(huán)錯(cuò)誤，特別是那些句子結(jié)構(gòu)相同、句意相近的選項(xiàng)更是需要我們?nèi)级ā？此狞c(diǎn)：體裁、指代、連貫詞，重復(fù)信息有價(jià)值1．看文段體裁，用好鮮明特征從近年高考所選材料來(lái)看，其體裁基本是說(shuō)明文和記敘文。說(shuō)明文的特征是主題鮮明、層次清晰，語(yǔ)篇特征非常明晰。記敘文則以故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)為主線，為了有趣，常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些比較特別的記敘手法，因而會(huì)增加理解的難度。2．看代詞指代，尋根還需溯源英語(yǔ)是一門非常講究簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言，所以在篇章中代詞的運(yùn)用很多，用于指代上文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人、物或者整個(gè)事件。追根溯源，找到指代與被替代關(guān)系，會(huì)大大加快我們解題的速度。[例]“Iadoredancing，”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdanceiswonderful.__37__It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”?D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.[分析]D項(xiàng)中的them指代myolderstudents，