第一部分基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)講析必修第二冊(cè)UNIT1CULTURALHERITAGEⅠ.分類記單詞

快速掌握1.

閱讀單詞——認(rèn)一認(rèn)(1)heritage

n.

?

?(2)temple

n.

?(3)relic

n.

?(4)clue

n.

?(5)cypress

n.

?遺產(chǎn)(指國家或社會(huì)長期形成的歷史、傳統(tǒng)和

特色)

廟；寺遺物；遺跡線索；提示柏樹(6)app

n.

?(7)dam

n.

?(8)committee

n.

?(9)department

n.

?(10)fund

n.

?(11)issue

n.

?vt.

?應(yīng)用程序；應(yīng)用軟件水壩；攔河壩委員會(huì)部；司；科基金；?？钪匾h題；爭論的問題宣布；公布(12)document

n.

vt.

?

?(13)republic

n.

?(14)archaeologist

n.

?(15)pyramid

n.

?(16)overseas

adj.

adv.

?(17)exit

n.

?vi.&

vt.

?文件；公文；(計(jì)算機(jī))文檔記

錄；記載(詳情)

共和國考古學(xué)家(古埃及的)金字塔；棱錐體海外的在海外出口；通道出去；離去(18)sheet

n.

?(19)parade

n.

?vi.

?(20)mirror

n.

?(21)roof

n.

?(22)dragon

n.

?(23)digital

adj.

?(24)cave

n.

?(25)quote

vt.

?(26)paraphrase

n.，vi.&

vt.

?一張(紙)；床單；被單游行；檢閱游行慶祝；游行示威鏡子頂部；屋頂龍數(shù)碼的；數(shù)字顯示的山洞；洞穴引用(用更容易理解的文字)解釋2.

核心單詞——寫一寫(1)

n.山峰vt.爬上；騎上vi.爬；登上(2)

adj.以前的；(兩者中)前者的(3)

vt.保存；保護(hù)；維持n.保護(hù)區(qū)(4)

vt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級(jí)(5)

n.抗議vi.&

vt.(公開)反對(duì)；抗議mount

former

preserve

promote

protest

(6)

prep.&

adv.在(某段時(shí)間、距離或范圍)之內(nèi)(7)

n.&

vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試(8)

adj.值得做的；值得花時(shí)間的(9)

vt.下載n.下載；已下載的數(shù)據(jù)資料(10)

n.過程；進(jìn)程；步驟vt.處理；加工within

attempt

worthwhile

download

process

(11)

vt.&

vi.原諒；寬恕vt.對(duì)不起；請(qǐng)?jiān)?12)

n.形象；印象(13)

prep.各處；遍及；自始至終(14)

n.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；素質(zhì)；特征adj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的；高

質(zhì)量的(15)

n.傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風(fēng)俗forgive

image

throughout

quality

tradition

(16)

adv.(far的比較級(jí))更遠(yuǎn)；進(jìn)一步(17)

n.意見；想法；看法(18)

n.對(duì)比；對(duì)照vt.對(duì)比；對(duì)照(19)

vt.確認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；找到(20)

adv.永遠(yuǎn)；長久地further

opinion

contrast

identify

forever

(21)

adj.創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)造力的；有創(chuàng)意的

→

adv.創(chuàng)造性地；有創(chuàng)造力地→

vt.

創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作(22)

n.申請(qǐng)(表)；用途；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用(程

序)→

v.應(yīng)用；涉及；申請(qǐng)→

n.申請(qǐng)

人；求職者(23)

n.平衡；均勻vt.使平衡→

adj.

保持(或顯示)平衡的creative

creatively

create

application

apply

applicant

balance

balanced

(24)

n.提議；建議→

v.提議；建議(25)

adj.可能的adv.可能地→

?

adj.不可能的→

n.喜歡的事物→

n.

不喜歡的事物(26)

vt.建立；創(chuàng)立→

n.建立；

創(chuàng)立proposal

propose

likely

unlikely

likes

dislikes

establish

establishment

(27)

n.限度；限制vt.限制；限定→

adj.

有限的；受限制的(28)

vt.阻止；阻礙；阻撓→

n.預(yù)

防；防止；防范(29)

n.喪失；損失→

v.丟失；損失(30)

n.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)→

?

vi.&

vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助limit

limited

prevent

prevention

loss

lose

contribution

contribute

(31)

vi.&

vt.調(diào)查；研究→

n.

調(diào)查；研究(32)

n.行為；舉止；管理方法vt.組織；安排；

帶領(lǐng)→

n.(公共汽車的)售票員；列車長；(管弦

樂隊(duì)合唱隊(duì)等的)指揮(33)

vt.(尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu))捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；獻(xiàn)

(血)→

n.捐獻(xiàn)者→

n.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送investigate

investigation

conduct

conductor

donate

donator

donation

(34)

vi.消失；滅絕；消亡→

?

n.消失；滅絕；消亡(35)

adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員；職業(yè)選手→

n.行業(yè)；職業(yè)

→

n.教授(36)

n.入口；進(jìn)入→

?vi.&

vt.進(jìn)入disappear

disappearance

professional

profession

professor

entrance

enter

(37)

adj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時(shí)期的

→

n.歷史(38)

n.比較；相比→

vt.比

較，比喻historic

history

comparison

compare

Ⅱ.填空習(xí)短語

高效識(shí)記1.

參與(某事)；參加(某活動(dòng))2.

讓步；屈服3.

?保持平衡4.

?導(dǎo)致5.

?提出建議take

part

in

give

way

to

keep

balance

lead

to

make

a

proposal

6.

turn

to

?7.

prevent…from…

?8.

donate…to…

?9.

make

sure

?10.

all

over

the

world

?向……求助阻止；不準(zhǔn)向……捐贈(zèng)……

確保；設(shè)法保證在世界各地Ⅲ.精彩寫句式

典句背誦1.

(時(shí)代到來)the

old

must

give

way

to

the

new，and

it

is

not

possible

to

preserve

everything

from

our

past

as

we

move

towards

the

future.(There

comes

a

time

when…

“……的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來”)There

comes

a

time

when

2.

(這些國家不僅找到)a

path

to

the

future

that

did

not

run

over

the

relics

of

the

past，but

they

had

also

learnt

that

it

was

possible

for

countries

to

work

together

to

build

a

better

tomorrow.(not

only…but

(also)…

“不

但……而且……”，not

only位于句首時(shí)，not

only后的句子

要用部分倒裝)3.

Neither

people

nor

buildings

last

forever，but

Chen

Lei’s

photos

can

help

us

remember

them.(neither…nor…“既不……

也不……”)Not

only

had

the

countries

found

balance

n.平衡；均勻

vt.使平衡[教材原句]

Finding

and

keeping

the

right

balance

between

progress

and

the

protection

of

cultural

sites

can

be

a

big

challenge.在發(fā)展與文化遺址保護(hù)之間找到恰當(dāng)?shù)钠胶恻c(diǎn)并加以保持，

這可能是一項(xiàng)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。

(1)keep/lose

(one’s)

balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡out

of

balance失去平衡keep

the

balance

of

nature保持生態(tài)平衡；均衡的a

sense

of

balance平衡感(2)balanced

adj.保持(或顯示)平衡的；均衡的keep

a

balanced

diet保持飲食均衡(3)balance

A

and/with

B平衡A和B①When

he

was

running

after

his

brother，the

boy

lost

?

balance

and

had

a

bad

fall.男孩在追他哥哥時(shí)失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。②It

makes

sense

to

eat

a

reasonably

(balance)

diet

when

slimming.在減肥過程中保持飲食營養(yǎng)相對(duì)均衡是明智的。his

balanced

③She

couldn’t

keep

herself

in

balance

on

the

balance

beam

and

fell

down

from

it.在平衡木上她不能保持平衡因而掉了下來。④She

has

learnt

to

balance

home

with

career.她已學(xué)會(huì)平衡家庭和事業(yè)之間的關(guān)系。

proposal

n.提議；建議[教材原句]

But

the

proposal

led

to

protests.但是該提案引發(fā)了抗議。(1)make

a

proposal提出建議(2)propose

vt.提議；建議propose

doing/to

do

sth建議做某事propose

that…(should)

do

sth提議做……[名師點(diǎn)津]

propose及proposal后跟名詞性從句時(shí)，從句使用

虛擬語氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。①The

proposal

that

everyone

(make)

efforts

to

make

our

country

stronger

is

necessary.人人努力使我們的國家更強(qiáng)大的建議是必要的。②A

professor

has

proposed

that

a

fund

?

(establish)

to

raise

money.一位教授提議設(shè)立一個(gè)基金來籌集資金。(should)

make

(should)

be

established

contribute

vi.&

vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助[教材原句]

The

group

asked

for

contributions

from

different

departments

and

raised

funds

within

the

international

community.該委員會(huì)請(qǐng)求各個(gè)部門予以支持，并在國際范圍內(nèi)籌集資

金。(1)contribute…to…把……貢獻(xiàn)給……；為……撰稿contribute

to有助于；導(dǎo)致(2)contribution

n.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)；稿件make

a

contribution/contributions

to…對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)①We’re

not

saying

that

everyone

needs

to

contribute

their

life

the

poor.我們并不是說每個(gè)人都需要把一生貢獻(xiàn)給窮人。to

②It

was

the

bus

driver

that

contributed

to

the

terrible

accident.是公共汽車司機(jī)導(dǎo)致了這起惡性事故。③It

is

our

duty

to

our

motherland.為祖國作出貢獻(xiàn)是我們的責(zé)任。make

contributions

to

④Many

people

contributed

money

to

the

poor

boy，which

contributed

to

his

returning

to

school.A

writer

wrote

a

story

about

this

and

contributed

it

to

a

newspaper.許多人給那個(gè)貧困的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校園。有位作

家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章并把它投到報(bào)社。句②的其他表達(dá)方式：a.It

was

the

bus

driver

that

led

to

the

terrible

accident.b.It

was

the

bus

driver

that

brought

about

the

terrible

accident.c.It

was

the

bus

driver

that

resulted

in

the

terrible

accident.

attempt

n.

&

vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試[教材原句]

Why

did

the

Egyptian

government

want

to

attempt

the

building

of

the

dam？埃及政府為什么要嘗試修建大壩？①Silence

may

be

viewed

by

some

cultural

groups

as

extremely

uncomfortable，therefore

(attempt)

may

be

made

to

fill

every

gap

with

conversation.沉默或許是被某些文化團(tuán)體看作極端不舒服的東西，因此努

力用交談來填充每次沉默的間隙。②They

the

task

before

July.他們?cè)噲D在七月以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。attempts

attempted

to

finish

③The

doctors

are

making

an

attempt

to

prevent

cancer

cells

spreading.醫(yī)生們?cè)噲D阻止癌細(xì)胞擴(kuò)散。[易混辨析]attempt正式用語，意為“嘗試；企圖；試圖”，常指做

一次性的嘗試，雖然付出很大的努力，但不一定

成功。try意為“試；努力”，指為達(dá)到目的以不同的方法

多次進(jìn)行努力，但并不知道結(jié)果成功與否。常用

于口語中。用以上詞的適當(dāng)形式填空④[2020·全國Ⅰ卷]But

our

insisting

it’s

merely

a

window

has

kept

them

from

attempting

millions

of

requests

to

open

the

door.但是我們堅(jiān)持說它只是一扇窗戶，阻止了他們無數(shù)次要求打

開這扇門的嘗試。⑤You

must

and

control

your

temper.你必須盡量控制自己的脾氣。try

forgive

vi.&

vt.原諒；寬恕

vt.對(duì)不起；請(qǐng)?jiān)廩教材原句]

Forgive

me

for

asking，but…請(qǐng)?jiān)徫疫@么問，但是……(1)forgive

me請(qǐng)?jiān)?；?duì)不起forgive

one’s

doing

sth.原諒某人做了某事forgive

sb.

for

(doing)

sth.原諒某人(做了)某事(2)forgive

and

forget摒棄前嫌①Such

a

person

may

be

forgiven

if

he

is

late，but

not

those

who

are

deliberately

late

to

create

impression.這樣一個(gè)人，如果他遲到了，可以原諒；但故意遲到來給人

留下印象的人卻不能(原諒)。②Please

coming

so

late.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫襾淼眠@么晚。[熟詞生義]

寫出下列句中forgive的含義③Believe

it

or

not，I’ll

forgive

you

the

debt.

?信不信由你，我會(huì)免除你的債務(wù)。forgive

me

for

免除

1

promote

vt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級(jí)(1)promote

economy促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)promote

traditional

culture弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化promote

one’s

products推銷某人的產(chǎn)品promote

from…to…從……晉升為……(2)promotion

n.提升；提拔；晉升；晉級(jí)；促銷活動(dòng)get

a

promotion晉升①He

has

got

a

(promote)

for

his

excellent

work.②He

was

promoted

a

clerk

general

manager

for

his

amazing

performance.promotion

from

to

likely

adj.可能的

adv.可能地(1)sb./sth.

be

likely

to

do

sth.某人/某物很可能會(huì)做某事It

is

likely

that…很可能……It

is

probable

that…很有可能……(可能性較大)It

is

possible

(for

sb.)

to

do

sth.(某人)有可能做某事(2)unlikely

adj.不可能的一句多譯我的兒子有可能會(huì)被北京大學(xué)錄取。①

(be

likely

to)

be

admitted

into

Peking

University.②

(possible)

be

admitted

into

Peking

University.③

(probable)

be

admitted

into

Peking

University.My

son

is

likely

to

It

is

possible

for

my

son

to

It

is

probable

that

my

son

will

limit

n.限度；限制

vt.限制；限定(1)limit…to…把……限制在……范圍內(nèi)(2)beyond

the

limit超過限度without

limit無限(制)地set

a

limit

to…設(shè)置一個(gè)……限制there

is

a/no

limit

to…

……是有限/無限的(to為介詞)(3)limited

adj.有限的；受限制的be

limited

to…僅限于……①Set

a

limit

the

number

of

tasks

you

take

on

each

day

and

stick

to

it.②The

teaching

of

history

should

not

(limit)to

dates

and

figures.③In

my

opinion，we

should

limit

our

expense

what

we

can

afford.④You

can

come

and

go

when

you

want—

limits.to

be

limited

to

within

worthwhile

adj.值得做的；值得花時(shí)間的①The

novel

is

well

worth

(read).②The

novel

is

worthy

(read).reading

to

be

read/of

being

read

take

part

in參與(某事)；參加(某活動(dòng))[教材原句]

A

group

of

high

school

students

who

are

taking

part

in

an

international

youth

camp

at

Mount

Tai

are

creating

an

app

about

China’s

most

famous

mountain.一群正在泰山參加國際青年?duì)I的高中生正在創(chuàng)建一個(gè)關(guān)于中

國最著名的山的應(yīng)用軟件。take

an

active

part

in積極參加participate

in參加；參與play

a

part

in…在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色①

eco-travel

and

you

will

find

it

will

help

you

understand

the

importance

of

nature.如果你參加生態(tài)旅游，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)有助于你理解自

然的重要性。Take

part

in

②He

urged

all

concerned

to

take

an

active

part

in

the

work.他要求所有相關(guān)人員積極參加這項(xiàng)工作。③China

is

playing

a

more

important

part

in

the

international

affairs.中國在國際事務(wù)中正起著越來越重要的作用。[易混辨析]take

part

in指參加群眾性的活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等并在其中發(fā)揮作用。join指加入黨派、組織、團(tuán)體，成為其中一員。join

in指參加一些大規(guī)?；顒?dòng)，如球賽、游戲等。join

sb.

in(doing)

sth.指和某人一起做某事，join的賓語可以是人，也

可以是組織、團(tuán)體。attend多指參加大型的集會(huì)活動(dòng)，如會(huì)議、婚禮、典

禮、報(bào)告、上學(xué)等。另外還有“照顧、照料”

之意。用以上詞的適當(dāng)形式填空④I

the

Communist

Youth

League

of

China

when

I

was

in

junior

high

school.我初中時(shí)加入了共青團(tuán)。joined

⑤All

children

between

the

ages

of

5

and

16

must

?

school.所有5至16歲的孩子們必須上學(xué)。⑥John

many

school

activities.約翰參加了許多學(xué)校活動(dòng)。⑦M(jìn)ay

I

the

game？我可以參加這個(gè)游戲嗎？attend

took

part

in

join

in

lead

to導(dǎo)致[教材原句]

Big

challenges，however，can

sometimes

lead

to

great

solutions.然而，巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時(shí)候會(huì)帶來偉大的解決方案。(1)lead

sb.

to

do…使某人做……lead

sb.

to…引導(dǎo)某人到……lead

the

way帶路lead

sb.

by

the

nose牽著某人的鼻子走lead

a(n)…life過……的生活(2)take

the

lead帶頭；居首位in

the

lead領(lǐng)先①Curiosity

is

very

important

because

it

leads

discovery

or

invention.好奇心非常重要，因?yàn)樗軒戆l(fā)現(xiàn)或發(fā)明。②He

travels

widely

and

leads

content

life.他到處旅行，過著滿足的生活。③Tom’s

desire

for

success

led

him

(work)

hard

and

finally

he

made

it.湯姆對(duì)成功的渴望促使他努力工作，最后他成功了。to

a

to

work

④The

discovery

of

the

new

evidence

led

to

the

man’s

?

(charge)

with

attempted

murder.新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致該男子被指控謀殺未遂。being

charged

prevent…from…阻止；不準(zhǔn)prevent/stop/keep…from

doing

sth.阻止……做某事protect…from…保護(hù)……不受……的侵襲；擋住；防御keep…doing

sth.使……一直做某事[名師點(diǎn)津]

prevent/keep/stop

sb.

from

doing

sth.的主動(dòng)式

中，只有keep后面的from不能省略，而在被動(dòng)式中三個(gè)短語

的from都不能省略。①His

advice

prevented

me

from

(make)

a

serious

mistake.②The

government

took

measures

to

protect

the

Chinese

fish

boat

from

(attack).making

being

attacked

turn

to向……求助；翻到；從事；轉(zhuǎn)向；查詢寫出下列句中turn

to的含義①Please

turn

to

the

police

for

help

when

you

are

in

trouble.

?②If

you

turn

to

Page

40，you

will

find

it.

?③More

and

more

people

turn

to

computer

science.

?④Their

talk

turned

to

the

change

that

had

happened.

?⑤You

shouldn’t

always

turn

to

the

dictionary

when

you

meet

new

words

in

reading.

?向……求助翻到從事轉(zhuǎn)向查詢turn

down拒絕；調(diào)小(音量等)turn

up出現(xiàn)；調(diào)大(音量等)turn

on打開turn

off關(guān)掉turn

out結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)⑥If

you

are

in

trouble，don’t

hesitate

to

turn

me.⑦He

turned

up

at

the

hospital

bearing

gifts

for

the

new

mother.to

⑧I

was

disappointed

to

hear

that

he

turned

my

invitation.⑨What

he

said

at

the

meeting

turned

out

quite

right.⑩After

that

I

poured

oil

into

a

pan

and

turned

the

gas.down

on

Not

only

had

the

countries

found

a

path

to

the

future

that

did

not

run

over

the

relics

of

the

past，but

they

had

also

learnt

that

it

was

possible

for

countries

to

work

together

to

build

a

better

tomorrow.這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲

古跡為代價(jià)的未來發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個(gè)國家合作創(chuàng)造

美好明天的可能性。[句式點(diǎn)撥]句子中的Not

only…，but…also是“not

only…，

but

also…”結(jié)構(gòu)，not

only位于句首，后面的句子采用部分

倒裝。(1)not

only…but

also…意為“不但……而且……”，連接并

列成分，其中的also有時(shí)可以省略。當(dāng)not

only位于句首時(shí)，

not

only后面的句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，but

also部分應(yīng)該用

正常語序。(2)not

only…but

also…連接兩個(gè)并列的成分作主語時(shí)，其后

的謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近的主語保持一致。①

did

he

speak

correctly，but

he

also

spoke

easily.他不僅說得正確，而且說得很輕松。②Not

only

the

students

but

also

the

teacher

(be)

fond

of

sport.不但學(xué)生喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，而且老師也喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。Not

only

is

Today，the

caves

are

just

as

international

as

they

were

at

the

time

when

people

travelled

the

Silk

Road.現(xiàn)在，這些洞

穴和人們?cè)诮z綢之路旅行時(shí)一樣國際化。[句式點(diǎn)撥]句中的“as…as”，意為“和……一樣”，在否

定句中可以用so替換第一個(gè)as。(1)當(dāng)“as…as”中間有名詞時(shí)，采用的結(jié)構(gòu)是“as＋形容詞

＋a(n)＋單數(shù)名詞＋as”或“as＋many/much＋名詞＋as”。(2)用表示倍數(shù)的詞作修飾語時(shí)，放在第一個(gè)as的前面。其

結(jié)構(gòu)是“倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.(原級(jí))＋as”。①M(fèi)ary

is

beautiful

as

Daisy.②No

one

else

needs

our

help

much

as

he

does.③My

dictionary

is

twice

as

(thick)

as

yours.as

as/so

thick

Ⅰ.語境填詞A)根據(jù)句意及漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞。1.

The

project

has

been

cancelled

because

of

lack

of

(資金).2.

The

school

(建立)a

successful

relationship

with

the

local

community.3.

My

father

wanted

me

to

become

a

(專業(yè)人員).fund

establishes/established

professional

4.

I’m

afraid

getting

things

changed

will

be

a

slow

(過程).5.

Passengers

were

asked

to

(認(rèn)出)

their

own

suitcases

before

they

were

put

on

the

plane.process

identify

B)在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。6.

[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]The

most

positive

aspect

of

this

popularisation

is

a

new

and

much

needed

emphasis(重視)

on

emotion

by

employers，educators

and

others

interested

in

(

promote)

social

well-being.7.

[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]

(lose)

of

wetlands

was

a

cause

of

the

waterfowl

population

decline

in

North

America.promoting

Loss

8.

[2021·全國甲卷]When

(contribute)

were

made

by

geniuses

outside

the

club…they

were

unacknowledged

and

rejected

by

others.9.

They

succeeded

in

(prevent)

the

factory

from

po