2025年外貿(mào)英語考試必備詞匯與實(shí)用例句一、詞匯匹配題（10題，每題2分）題目：請將下列詞匯（1-10）與其最符合的外貿(mào)英語釋義（A-J）匹配起來。1.Incoterms2.LetterofCredit(L/C)3.CustomsDeclaration4.FOB5.Countertrade6.Incoterms20207.ExportLicense8.PaymentGuarantee9.BalanceofTrade10.FreeonBoardA.國際商會發(fā)布的貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋規(guī)則B.國際結(jié)算中的一種信用工具C.進(jìn)出口商品數(shù)量與價值的對比D.賣方負(fù)責(zé)將貨物裝上船并承擔(dān)相關(guān)費(fèi)用E.以貨物、服務(wù)或技術(shù)交換方式進(jìn)行貿(mào)易F.指出口國政府批準(zhǔn)的商品出口文件G.買賣雙方在交易中確認(rèn)的信用擔(dān)保H.2020年最新版國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則I.指貨物在裝船時起風(fēng)險轉(zhuǎn)移給買方的條款J.進(jìn)出口商品差額的統(tǒng)計指標(biāo)二、詞匯填空題（5題，每題3分）題目：請根據(jù)上下文，選擇最合適的詞匯填入空格中（每個詞匯僅使用一次）。1.Wehaveagreedto__________paymentviairrevocableLetterofCredit.A.arrangeB.processC.confirmD.execute2.Thegoodswillbe__________underFOBShanghai,includingloadingcharges.A.shippedB.deliveredC.dispatchedD.transferred3.Dueto__________restrictions,weneedtoobtainanexportlicenseforthisproduct.A.commercialB.technologicalC.regulatoryD.financial4.Our__________withthebuyerisbasedonlong-termcooperationandmutualtrust.A.negotiationB.agreementC.relationshipD.dispute5.The__________betweentheexportingcountryandimportingcountryaffectsglobaltradedynamics.A.tariffB.tradeC.balanceD.surplus三、單句改錯題（8題，每題2分）題目：下列句子中各有一處錯誤，請指出并改正。1.ThegoodswillbedeliveredattheportofShanghaionMay15th.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________2.WeacceptpaymenttermssuchasT/T30%downpaymentand70%byL/Catsight.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________3.ThebuyerinsistsonFOBterms,whichmeanswebearalltheshippingcosts.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________4.UnderCIFterms,thesellerisresponsibleforinsuringthegoodsagainstallrisks.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________5.Wewillissuetheinvoiceimmediatelyafterthegoodsareshipped.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________6.Thebuyerrequesteda10%discountifwecanreducethepricefurther.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________7.Pleasearrangeforthegoodstobepackedinwoodencasesforexport.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________8.Thetradesurpluslastyearwassignificantlyhigherthanthepreviousyear.→錯誤：__________→改正：__________四、句子翻譯題（10題，每題3分）題目：請將下列中文句子翻譯成英文（注意外貿(mào)術(shù)語的使用）。1.我們已按照Incoterms2020規(guī)則安排貨物裝運(yùn)。2.請?zhí)峁┬庞米C樣本以便我們確認(rèn)條款。3.由于出口配額限制，該產(chǎn)品出口需獲政府批準(zhǔn)。4.雙方同意采用T/T支付方式，首付款為訂單總額的30%。5.貨物在起運(yùn)港裝船后，風(fēng)險即轉(zhuǎn)移至買方。6.我們可提供買方信貸支持以緩解資金壓力。7.該產(chǎn)品符合歐盟環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可順利出口。8.交易雙方應(yīng)嚴(yán)格遵守合同約定，避免爭議。9.跨境電商的興起改變了傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易模式。10.國際貿(mào)易摩擦可能導(dǎo)致關(guān)稅上調(diào)。五、情景應(yīng)用題（5題，每題4分）題目：根據(jù)以下外貿(mào)情景，寫出相應(yīng)的英文回復(fù)或郵件內(nèi)容。1.情景：買方要求更改信用證條款，將裝運(yùn)期提前至下月。要求：拒絕該要求并說明原因。2.情景：賣方收到買方關(guān)于產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問題的投訴，需解釋情況并提出解決方案。要求：寫簡短郵件說明將采取的措施。3.情景：雙方就FOB條款中的裝卸費(fèi)用責(zé)任達(dá)成一致，需確認(rèn)細(xì)節(jié)。要求：寫郵件確認(rèn)雙方理解一致。4.情景：買方詢問是否接受分期付款，賣方考慮后回復(fù)。要求：寫郵件說明可接受的付款方式。5.情景：賣方收到買方的新訂單，需確認(rèn)生產(chǎn)安排和交貨期。要求：寫郵件確認(rèn)訂單細(xì)節(jié)。答案一、詞匯匹配題答案1-H,2-B,3-F,4-D,5-E,6-H,7-G,8-A,9-C,10-I二、詞匯填空題答案1-A,2-A,3-C,4-C,5-B三、單句改錯題答案1.錯誤：delivered→改正：dispatched2.錯誤：atsight→改正：onsight3.錯誤：whichmeans→改正：whereby4.錯誤：allrisks→改正：allperils5.錯誤：immediately→改正：promptly6.錯誤：requested→改正：requested7.錯誤：tobepacked→改正：tobepacked8.錯誤：higher→改正：higher四、句子翻譯題答案1.WehavearrangedtheshipmentofthegoodsinaccordancewiththeIncoterms2020rules.2.PleaseprovideasampleoftheLetterofCreditforourconfirmationoftheterms.3.Duetoexportquotarestrictions,thisproductrequiresgovernmentapprovalforexport.4.BothpartieshaveagreedtoT/Tpaymentterms,witha30%depositupfront.5.Theriskpassestothebuyeroncethegoodsareshippedfromtheportoforigin.6.Wecanprovidebuyerfinancingtoalleviatefinancialpressure.7.ThisproductmeetsEUenvironmentalstandards,makingitsexportsmooth.8.Bothpartiesshouldstrictlyabidebythecontracttoavoiddisputes.9.Theriseofe-commercehastransformedtraditionaltrademodels.10.Internationaltradefrictionmayleadtotariffincreases.五、情景應(yīng)用題答案1.郵件內(nèi)容：Dear[Buyer],ThankyouforyourrequesttochangetheshipmentdatetonextmonthundertheLetterofCredit.However,weregrettoinformyouthatthisisnotfeasibleduetoourproductionschedule.Theearliestpossibleshipmentdateiswithinthismonth.Pleaseconfirmifyoucanacceptthisarrangement.2.郵件內(nèi)容：Dear[Buyer],Wehavereceivedyourcomplaintregardingtheproductquality.Pleaserestassuredthatwetakethismatterseriously.Wewillconductathoroughinspectionandarrangeforareplacementimmediately.Ourqualitycontrolteamwillalsoreviewtheproductionprocesstopreventrecurrence.3.郵件內(nèi)容：Dear[Buyer],ThisemailconfirmsouragreementonFOBterms,wherethesellerisresponsibleforloadingthegoodsontothevessel,andthebuyerbearstheshippingcoststhereafter.Pleaseletusknowifthisunderstandingalignswithyourrequirements.4.郵件內(nèi)容：Dear[Buyer],Regardingyourinquiryaboutinstallmentpayments,wetypicallyrequire100%paymentinadvance.However,wemayconsideranexceptionforalong-termpartner.Plea