高一英語閱讀理解(人生百味)技巧(很有用)及練習題一、高中英語閱讀理解人生百味類1．閱讀理解

ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementia(癡呆)andotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.

TheRobotActivitySupportSystemorRAS,usessensorsinstalledinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates(定位)throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructionsonhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownertoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen."RAScombinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected,"saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience.

Currently,anestimated50percentofadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearly$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialstrainonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.

RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoincorporateintotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatdemonstrateshowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.

"Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising,"Minorsaid."ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterideaofwhatprompts,videoremindersandotherpreferencestheyhaveregardingtherobot."（1）HowdoesRASserveelderlypeople?A.

Throughsensors.

B.

Throughobjects.C.

Throughamobilerobot.

D.

Throughtheirdailyactivities.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutRAS?A.

Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife.

B.

Itsfunctionremainstobetested.C.

Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask.

D.

Itcancookforownersonitsown.（3）What'sMinor'sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?A.

Doubtful.

B.

Negative.

C.

Optimistic.

D.

Uncertain.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

Elderlypeopleleavethenursinghome.

B.

SmartHomeTestsfirstelder-Carerobot.C.

RAS,thefirstrobottomakehomesmart.

D.

OlderadultshavebenefitedfromRAS.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一款由美國華盛頓州立大學的科學家們研發(fā)的機器人，可以幫助那些癡呆或有身體缺陷的老年人在家里過上自立的生活。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)章第二段中的“TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors（傳感器）equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities”可知機器人活動支持系統(tǒng)（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配備的傳感器（傳感器）來確定其居民在哪里，他們在做什么以及何時需要日?；顒拥膸椭f明傳感器起到了重大的作用，故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance…”可知，這臺機器人的表現(xiàn)還要經過進一步的測，說明正在測試階段，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising”可知，Minor對這款機器人的未來發(fā)展充滿信心、非常樂觀，故選C。（4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了一款由美國華盛頓州立大學的科學家們研發(fā)的機器人。再根據(jù)最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance”可知，機器人目前還在華盛頓州立大學的智能屋里進行測試，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.Thoughsciencehasnamedsomelifeskillsthatpromisesuccess,we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure--ormanyfailedattempts.Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.Butwhatisthemessage?

Forstarters,ignoreadvicefromanyonethattellsyou,"Don'tbeatyourselfupaboutit,"nomatterhowwell-meaningtheyare.AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofKansas,weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail.MarketingprofessorNoelleNelsonandherteamfoundthatthemoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask.

Theresearcherscarriedouttwoexperimentsinwhichundergraduatestudentswererequiredtoperformspecifictasks.Inoneexperiment,theywereaskedtosearchonlineforasqueezerandreportthelowestpricetheycouldfindwiththepossibilityofwinninga$50cashprize.However,thetaskwascontrolled,andallparticipantsweretold(byacomputer)thatthelowestpricewas$3.27lessthantheirreportedprice.Consequently,noparticipantwonthecashprize.Whentheresultswereannounced,someparticipantswereaskedtofocusontheiremotionalresponse,andothersontheircognitive(認知的)response.Duringthenextsimilartask,participantswhofocusedontheiremotionalresponsetofailuremademoreeffortthanthosewhofocusedonacognitiveresponse.

Everybodyhastheirownuniquechallenges,responsibilities,duties,andprojects,butthesefindingsarerelatedtoallofus.Yourpersonalfailuremaybeacakethatfailstorise,apresentationthatgoeswrong,oradeadlinethatgetsmissed—itdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersishowyoureacttoit.Insteadofthinkingaboutthefailure,letyourselffeelbadaboutit.Thenfollowthisadviceonhowtobouncebackafteryourfailure.（1）What'stherelationshipbetweenfailureandsuccess?A.Failurepromisessuccess.B.Failureisthekeytosuccess.C.Failuredoesdamagetosuccess.D.Well-handledfailureisgoodforsuccess.（2）Whydoesthewritersupportbeatingoneselfupwhenfailing?A.It'sawell-meaningsuggestionforfailure.B.It'sbeenprovedbythestudyofauniversity.C.Beingemotionalisgoodforhisfuturesuccess.D.Itcanmakepeoplelessemotionalaboutfailure.（3）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PersonalFailureIsaCakeThatFailstoAppearB.TheMostProductiveWaytoHandleAnyFailureC.DifferentMethodstoChangeFailureintoSuccessD.TheReasonWhyFailureIstheMotherofSuccess【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章向讀者傳達了失敗乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何處理失敗是很重要的。每次失敗后，我們應該自責，自責能讓我們下次做得更好。（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure以及“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一課是學會如何最好地處理失?。笨芍?，好好處理的失敗對成功是好的。故選D。（2）細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail（當我們失敗的時候我們應該自責）”與“themoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask（一個人對失敗的情緒越大，下次他遇到相關的任務取得更好的結果的可能越大）”可知，對失敗有情緒對將來的成功是很重要的。故選C。（3）主旨大意題。這是一篇說明文，根據(jù)文章第一段中的最后一句“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一課是學會如何最好地處理失?。笨芍?，本文是教給大家如何有效地面對失敗。故選B?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題。細節(jié)理解題要注意根據(jù)題目和文章的關鍵詞在文章中尋找答案。推理判斷題要注意聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出所需信息，主旨大意題要注意找文章的主題句或主題段落，聯(lián)系上下文，從而判斷出文章的主題。3．閱讀理解

"Oldwivestales"arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparents'tellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsofnottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.

Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatyourcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlic(蒜）isgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.

Unfortunately,notallofMom'sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.

Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon'tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives'tales.Aftermuchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.（1）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.

Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.

B.

Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.C.

Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.

D.

Stickysweetstendtodamageourteeth.（2）Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"holdwater"mean?A.

Tobebelievable.

B.

Tobevaluable.

C.

Tobeadmirable.

D.

Tobesuitable.（3）Whydoweneedtorespectthebodyofknowledgeintheoldwives'tales?A.

Becauseitistoldbyourancestors.B.

Becauseitisscientificallysupported.C.

Becauseitisbasedonmanyyears'experience.D.

Becauseitisrelatedtofamilyhealthcare.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoward"oldwives'tales"inthetext?A.

Subjective

B.

Objective

C.

Dissatisfied

D.

Curious【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】中國有句俗話：不聽老人言，吃虧在眼前。本文客觀評價了保持身體健康的"老人言"的正確性。（1）細節(jié)理解題。由第三自然段的最后一句"Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars."用谷物制成的粘性糖果比用單糖制成的糖果容易引起更多的問題。故選D。（2）詞義猜測題。文章中本句意思是：即使科學能告訴我們那些"老人言"是（能容水的）值得相信的，但"老人言"中還有很多正確的東西，holdwater在此處意思是：能裝水的；值得相信的，站得住腳的。故選A。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives'tales.Aftermuchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated（積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.""老人言"仍然有許多真理，這些知識是從幾千年的家庭保健經驗中積累起來的。它是基于多年的經驗。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三、四自然段可知作者分析了他的可信性和不可信性，作者對于"老人言"持客觀態(tài)度，故選B?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。通讀全文，把握文意；熟讀第一段，了解主題句；分清段落結構，把握各段段意；了解題干，在原文依次找依據(jù)。4．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

AfterIwasmarriedandhadlivedinJapanforwhile,myJapanesegraduallyimprovedtothepointwhereIcouldtakepartinsimpleconversationswithmyhusbandandhisfriendsandfamily.AndIbegantonoticethatoften,whenIjoinedin,theotherswouldlooksurprised,andtheconversationaltopicwouldcometoastop.Afterthishappenedseveraltimes,itbecamecleartomethatIwasdoingsomethingwrong.Butforalongtime,Ididn'tknowwhatitwas.

Finally,afterlisteningcarefullytomanyJapaneseconversations,Idiscoveredwhatmyproblemwas.EventhoughIwasspeakingJapanese,IwashandlingtheconversationinaWesternway.

AWestern-styleconversationbetweentwopeopleislikeagameoftennis.IfIintroduceatopic,aconversationalball,Iexpectyoutohititback.Ifyouagreewithme,Idon'texpectyousimplytoagreeanddonothingmore.Iexpectyoutoaddsomething-areasonforagreeing,anotherexample,oradetailedexplanationtocarrytheideafurther.ButIdon'texpectyoualwaystoagree.Iamjustashappyifyouquestionme,orchallengeme,orcompletelydisagreewithme.Whetheryouagreeordisagree,yourresponsewillreturntheballtome.

AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.Andyoualwaysknowyourplaceinline.Itdependsonsuchthingsaswhetheryouareolderoryounger,aclosefriendorarelativestrangertothepreviousspeaker,inaseniororjuniorposition,andsoon.

Whenyourturncomes,youstepuptothestartinglinewithyourbowlingballandcarefullybowlit.Everyoneelsestandsbackandwatchespolitely,murmuringencouragement.Everyonewaitsuntiltheballhasreachedtheendofthealley（球場）andwatchestoseeifitknocksdownallthepins,oronlysomeofthem,ornoneofthem.Thereisapause,whileeveryoneregistersyourscore.

Then,aftereveryoneissurethatyouhavecompletelyfinishedyourturn,thenextpersoninlinestepsuptothesamestartingline,withadifferentball.Hedoesn'treturnyourball,andhedoesnotbeginfromwhereyourballstopped.Andthereisalwaysasuitablepausebetweenturns.Thereisnorush,noscramblefortheball.

Ifyouhavebeentrainedallyourlifetoplayonegame,itisnosimplemattertoswitchtoanother,evenifyouknowtherules.Knowingtherulesisnotatallthesamethingasplayingthegame.（1）TheauthormakesallofthefollowingargumentsEXCEPTthat_____.A.

Japanese-styleconversationsarelikebowling.B.

western-styleconversationsareliketennisorvolleyballC.

inJapanese-styleconversations,youmustwaityourturntospeakD.

western-styleconversationsarelongerthanJapanese-styleconversations（2）Theauthor'spurposeinwrithingthisarticleisto_____.A.

instruct

B.

entertain

C.

joke

D.

criticize（3）Themainideaofthearticleis_______.A.

peopletalkdifferentlyinJapanthanintheWestB.

it'simportanttotakepartinconversationsC.

talkingwithsomeonefromanothercountryprovesdifficultD.

it'srudetointerruptsomeonewhoisspeaking【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者結合自己的切身經歷談論了日式的談話和西式的談話的不同之處，由此告訴我們與來自另一個國家的人交談是困難的。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.”可知，日式的談話不像打網球或排球，而像打保齡球，你需要等著輪到你，由此可知，日式的談話比西式的時間要長，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內容可知，作者結合自己的切身經歷告訴我們日式的談話和西式的談話的不同之處，由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的就是為了給大家一些指導，注意與來自另一個國家的人交談時談話方式的差異，故選A。（3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)最后一段內容可知，作者結合自己的切身經歷談論了日式的談話和西式的談話的不同之處，由此告訴我們與來自另一個國家的人交談是困難的，故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue.Iworkpart-timeinsupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit'snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款機）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.

Icouldn'thelpstaringathim.Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeiffortunehadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld.ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn'tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.

Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable,“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid.

WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither.ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.（1）Theagedgentlemanwhowantedtobuythebiscuits______.A.

promisedtoobeythestorerules

B.

hopedtohavethefoodfirstandpaylaterC.

forgottotakehiscreditcardwithhim

D.

couldnotaffordanythingmoreexpensive（2）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheoldgentleman?A.

Kindandlucky.

B.

Friendlyandhelpful.C.

Poorandlonely.

D.

Hurtanddisappointed.（3）Whydidtheauthorrefusetheoldgentleman'srequestfirst?A.

Heconsideredtheoldmandishonest.B.

Hefeltnopityfortheoldgentleman.C.

Hewantedtokeephispresentjob.D.

Heexpectedsomeoneelsetopayfortheoldman.（4）Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A.

Obeyingtherulesmeansmorethancompassion.B.

Wealthismostimportantinolderage.C.

Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.D.

Compassionmeanshelpinginsomeway.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過一位老人買餅干而沒錢付賬的經歷告訴我們可以把同情的愿望轉化為行動。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.”可知，結賬時這個老人說自己沒有錢了，問我他可不可以先把餅干拿走，第二天再把錢送來，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段老人身上連買餅干的錢都沒有及第二段中的“allaloneintheworld.”可知，他又窮又孤獨，故選C。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“butstorerulesdidn'tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.”可知，商店的規(guī)定不允許先拿貨后付錢，作者想保住這份工作所以不敢違反規(guī)定，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.”可知，同情是我們內心幫助別人的愿望，通過努力，我們可以把它轉化為行動，也就是說作者從這個經歷中學到了同情意味著以某種方式幫助別人，故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsago,whichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.Bothhaddied"fullofyears",astheBiblewouldsay.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolence(吊唁)callsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceased(過世的)womansaidtome,"IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It'smyfaultthatshedied."Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,"IfonlyIhadn'tinsistedonmymother'sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,thesuddenchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It'smyfaultthatshe'sdead."

Youseethatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldithaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourwillingnesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementistheviewthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsofthisfeelingmaylieinourchildhood.

Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtohistasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatchildishviewthatourwishescausethingstohappen.（1）Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywomen?A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.C.Theyweren'tusedtothechangeinweather.D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.（2）Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen'sfuneralsprobablybecause

.A.hewantedtocomfortthetwofamiliesB.hewasanofficialfromthecommunityC.hehadgreatpityforthedeceasedD.hewasministerofthelocalchurch（3）Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathoftheirlovedonesbecause

.A.theyfoundthefuneralsunsatisfactoryB.theybelievedthattheywereresponsibleC.theyhadignoredthenaturalcourseofeventsD.theydidn'tknowthingsoftenturnintheoppositedirection（4）Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesincebabyhoodthat

.A.everybodyshouldtrytomeetothers'needsB.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmysteryC.everystoryshouldhaveahappyendingD.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過兩個已故夫人的兒子自責的話語，引出并分析了人們產生負罪感的兩個因素。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Bothhaddied‘fullofyears’,astheBiblewouldsay.”正如《圣經》所說，兩人都已“老死”?？芍?，這兩個老婦人是正常、自然死亡的。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“astheBiblewouldsay”正如《圣經》所說；以及“OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.”一月的一天，我要為我們社區(qū)的兩位老婦人舉行兩場葬禮?？芍?，作者信仰《圣經》并主持葬禮，由此推出作者的身份應為牧師。故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.”因為他們采取的行動結果是糟糕的，他們認為相反的做法——讓母親呆在家里，推遲手術——結果會更好?？芍麄冋J為如果自己選擇相反的做法，母親就不回去世了，認為自己有責任。故選B。（4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.”一個嬰兒開始認為世界的存在是為了滿足他的需要，他讓一切都發(fā)生在世界上?？芍藗儚膵雰簳r期就意識到是他們的愿望是世界上一切發(fā)生的原因。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

TheassociatesIhiredinmybicycleandlawnmowershoplikemyselfwereneverperfect;however,theywereexcellent.Workingwiththemastheyimprovedtaughtmenewwaystoshowforgiveness,understanding,andpatience.

Onedaytheplacementofficeraskedmetointerviewayoungmanwhowashavingtroublefindingajob.HetoldmethatDavidwasalittleshy,didnottalkmuchandwasafraidtogoonwithinterviews.HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.HeplainlytoldDavidthatIhadnopositionsopenatthetimeandtheinterviewwasjustforpractice.

WhenDavidcameinfortheinterview,hehardlysaidaword.Itoldhimwhatwedidatthebicycleshopandshowedhimaround.ItoldDavidtokeepshowingupbecausethenumberonethinganemployerwantedinanassociatewasdependability.Davidwasveryquiet(hewasevaluatedasaslowlearnerinschool).Everytendaysorso,forweeksaftertheinterview,Davidwalkedintothebicycleshopandstoodbythefrontdoor.Heneversaidaword,juststoodbythedoor.

Oneday,shortlybeforeChristmas,alargetruckcametotheshop,packedwith250newbicycles.Ithadtobeunloadedrightawayorthedriverwouldleave.Itwasraining.Someofmyworkers(withoutphysicallimitations)chosenottobravetheweathertogetintowork,soIwasshort-handed.Itseemedeverythingwasgoingwrongandontopofit,Davidcameinthefrontdoorandjuststoodthere.Ilookedathimandshouted,“Well,allright!Filloutatimecardandhelpmeunloadthistruck!”

Davidworkedformybicycleshopforeighteenyears.Hecametoworkeverydaythirtyminutesearly.Hecouldtalk;however,herarelychoseto.Hedrovemytruckandmadedeliveries.ThecustomerswouldpraiseDavid,saying,“Hedoesn'ttalk,buthereallyshowsyouhowtooperatealawnmower!”（1）TheauthorgaveDavidaninterviewto

.A.

findapersonwhoisreliable

B.

givehimsomepracticeC.

findapart-timeworkerinneed

D.

showsympathyforhim（2）TheauthorfinallyhiredDavidbecause

.A.

heneededsomeonewhowaswillingtoworkthenB.

therewerenootherworkersintheshopthenC.

DavidkeptshowingupD.

herealizedDavidwasdependable（3）Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat

.A.

somecustomersjustplayjokesonDavid

B.

DavidhashadhischaracterchangedthroughworkC.

theauthorfeelsluckytohireDavidD.

theauthorprefersDavidtobemoreoutgoing【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，David是作者的一位雇員,雖然他不善言辭,但勤懇踏實的工作態(tài)度贏得了顧客的贊美。他也讓作者明白:作者的伙伴們和作者一樣都不完美,但卻很優(yōu)秀。在跟他們一起工作的日子里,作者學會了寬恕、理解和耐心。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二中的“HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.”可知,他要求作者給David進行一次面試,僅僅只是為了練習。故選B。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知,當裝滿250輛新自行車的大卡車冒雨到達時,一些工人不愿在這樣的天氣情況下工作,因此人手短缺。這時作者正好看到David進來,于是叫他過來幫忙。結合最后一段可知,David從此開始在這里工作了。故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段可知，David在作者的店里勤勤懇懇工作了十八年,還受到了顧客的贊揚。由此可推知,作者感覺很幸運能有這樣的員工。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解WISHYOUWEREMORECREATIVE?

Iwanttoaskyouafavor.Ihaveapairofpants.Tellme:HowmanydifferentwayscanIputapairofpantstouse?Nowimagineyou'reanarchitect.Samequestion.Nowimagineyou'reBillGates.Ascubadiver.Amedievalknight.Youstillhavethepants.Whatalternativeusescometomind?

Whatyoujustpracticed--theconsciousactof"wearing"anotherself-isanexercisethat,accordingtopsychiatristSriniPillay,MD,isessentialtobeingcreative.

Onegreatirony(諷刺)aboutourcollectiveaddictiontocreativityisthatwetendtoframeitinuncreativeways.Thatistosay,mostofusmarrycreativitytoourconceptofself:Eitherwe're"creative"orwearen't,withoutmuchofamiddleground."I'mjustnotacreativeperson!"adiscouragedstudentmightsayinartclass,whileanothermightblamehertalentatpaintingforherdifficultiesinmath,makingacomment"I'mveryright-brained."

Dr.Pillay,anassistantprofessoratHarvardUniversity,hasspentyearsoverturningtheseideas.Hebelievesthatthekeytounlockingyourcreativepotentialistochallengethestereotyped(陳詞濫調的)advicethaturgesyouto"believeinyourself."Infact,youshoulddotheopposite:Believeyouaresomeoneelse.

Hepointstoastudyshowingtheimpactofstereotypeonone'sbehavior.Theauthors,psychologistsDenisDumasandKevinDunbar,dividedtheircollegestudentsubjectsintotwogroups,instructingonegrouptothinkofthemselvesas"eccentricpoets"andtheothertoimaginetheywere"rigidlibrarians".Theresearchersthenpresentedthemallwithordinaryobjects,includingafork,acarrot,andapairofpants,andaskedthemtocomeupwithasmanydifferentusesaspossibleforeachone.Theformergroupcameupwiththewidestrangeofideas,whereasthelatterhadthefewest.

These