2025年考研英語（一）聽力技巧講解與實戰(zhàn)模擬試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______聽力技巧講解一、預(yù)測技巧在聽錄音之前，務(wù)必快速閱讀所有選項，預(yù)測對話或篇章可能涉及的主題、關(guān)鍵信息點（如人物、地點、時間、數(shù)字、觀點等）。通過選項，可以判斷題型（是細(xì)節(jié)題、主旨題還是態(tài)度題等），并有針對性地聽錄音，抓住與預(yù)測相關(guān)的信息。注意選項之間的差異，往往差異之處是考查的重點。二、聽音技巧1.抓關(guān)鍵詞：聽錄音時，要專注于聽關(guān)鍵詞，包括人名、地名、時間、數(shù)字、專有名詞以及表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進等關(guān)系的連接詞（如however,therefore,moreover,but,soon）。2.辨同義替換：考研聽力?？疾橥x替換，即原文中的詞與選項中的詞并非完全一致，但意思相同或相近。要熟悉常見詞匯和短語的多種表達(dá)方式。3.理解核心信息：不要糾結(jié)于每個單詞，要把握說話人的主要觀點和意圖。聽懂句子的主干即可。4.注意語氣語調(diào)：說話人的語氣（如驚訝、懷疑、肯定、否定）和語調(diào)變化（如升調(diào)、降調(diào)）往往能暗示其態(tài)度或未明說的信息。三、筆記技巧對于信息量較大的長對話和篇章，可以適當(dāng)?shù)刈龉P記。使用簡潔的符號、縮寫或關(guān)鍵詞記錄關(guān)鍵信息點。注意記錄的效率，切忌試圖寫下每一個詞。重點記錄人名、地名、時間、數(shù)字、原因、結(jié)果、觀點等。四、干擾項識別干擾項通常具有以下特點：1.與原文信息矛盾：與原文中的明確信息相悖。2.原文未提及：完全是憑空捏造的信息。3.原文部分信息：將原文中的某個細(xì)節(jié)夸大或孤立起來作為選項。4.常見錯誤選項模式：如將原文的“notnecessarily”理解為“never”，或?qū)ⅰ皊ome”理解為“all”。要學(xué)會辨別這些干擾項，選擇與原文信息最相符的選項。五、語篇理解理解說話人的意圖、態(tài)度（如同意、不同意、客觀、諷刺等）以及段落/篇章的主旨大意至關(guān)重要。要關(guān)注段落開頭和結(jié)尾的句子，以及反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的觀點。對于長對話和篇章，要能夠概括主要內(nèi)容，判斷說話人的立場。---實戰(zhàn)模擬試卷(PartC)ShortConversations1.W:HaveyoufinishedreadingtheresearchpaperIrecommendedlastweek?M:Notyet.I'veonlymanagedtoreadtheintroductionandthefirsttwosections.Thematerialisquitedense,andIneedmoretimetodigestit.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?2.M:I'mtryingtodecidewhethertotaketheadvancedstatisticscoursenextsemesterorthedataanalysisworkshop.Thestatisticscourseisrequiredformymajor,butitsoundsverychallenging.W:Itookthestatisticscourselastyear.Itwastough,buttheworkshopseemedevenmoreoverwhelming.Ifyou'renotcomfortablewithadvancedmath,I'drecommendtheworkshop.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?3.W:Hey,didyouhearaboutthenewcoffeeshopthatopeneddowntown?M:Yes,Idid.Theyhaveafantasticselectionoforganicbeans,andtheambianceisreallycozy.Iwentthereforlunchtodayandtriedtheiravocadolatte.Itwasamazing!Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewcoffeeshop?4.M:ProfessorJohnson,Isubmittedmyresearchproposallate.Iapologizeforthedelay.Thereweresomeunexpectedcomplicationswithmydatacollection.W:Iunderstandthatsometimesthingsdon'tgoasplanned.However,thedeadlinewasveryclear.Nexttime,pleasemakesuretostartearlierandallowforpotentialsetbacks.Q:Whatistheprobableoutcomeoftheman'sconversation?5.W:I'msostressedabouttheupcomingfinalexam.I'vebeenstudyingfordays,butIstillfeellikeI'mnotready.M:It'snormaltofeelanxiousbeforeanexam.Butremember,you'vepreparedthoroughly.Trustinyourhardwork,getagoodnight'ssleep,andjustdoyourbest.You'llbefine.Q:Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?6.M:Haveyouseenthedocumentaryaboutclimatechangethatwasscreeningattheuniversitytheaterlastnight?W:Yes,Iwatchedit.Itwasquite震撼ing.Thevisualsofthemeltingglaciersandtheimpactonpolarbearswereparticularlystriking.Itreallymademethinkabouthowurgenttheproblemis.Q:Whatisthewoman'sopinionaboutthedocumentary?7.W:I'mplanningtostayatahotelneartheconferencecenterfortheweekend.Thebrochuresaysit'sonlyaten-minutewalkfromthevenue.M:Aten-minutewalk?Thatsoundstoocloseforme.Iprefertohavesomedistancefromthemainactivity.Iusuallypreferhotelsthatareabitfartheraway,maybetwentyminutesbypublictransport.Q:Whatistheman'spreferenceregardingaccommodation?8.M:IranintoSarahatthelibraryearlier.Shementionedshe'sworkingonaprojectrelatedtorenewableenergy.W:Really?That'sinteresting.Sarahisveryknowledgeableinthatarea.Shesaidshe'stestingsomenewsolarpaneltechnologies.Maybeweshouldaskherformoredetailsatthenextdepartmentmeeting.Q:Whatdothespeakersplantodonext?(PartA)LongConversationM:Welcometothecareerdevelopmentworkshop.Today,we'llbediscussingvariousstrategiesforfindinginternshipsandpreparingforjobinterviews.I'mgladyoucouldallmakeit.W:Thanksfortheintroduction.I'meagertogetstarted.I'mparticularlyinterestedinlearningabouthowtonetworkeffectively.M:Networkingisindeedacrucialpartofthejobsearchprocess.It'snotjustaboutcollectingbusinesscards;it'saboutbuildinggenuineconnections.Haveyoutriedattendingindustryconferencesorjoiningprofessionalassociations?W:Yes,I'vebeentoafewconferences,butIfounditdifficulttoengageinmeaningfulconversations.IoftenfeltlikeIdidn'tknowanyoneandwasjusttheretogetmyresumeseen.M:That'sacommonchallenge,especiallyforbeginners.Hereareafewtips.First,identifythekeypeopleyouwanttotalktobeforehand.Researchthespeakersandsponsors,andmakealistofindividualswhoseworkinterestsyou.Then,approachthemwithaspecificquestionrelatedtotheirexpertise.Thisshowsthatyou'vedoneyourhomeworkandaregenuinelyinterestedinwhattheyhavetosay.W:Thatmakessense.Iusuallyjustwanderaround,hopingsomeonewillapproachme.MaybeIshouldbemoreproactive.M:Absolutely.Also,remembertofollowupaftertheevent.Sendabriefemailtothepeopleyoumet,mentioningsomethingspecificfromyourconversation.Thishelpstosolidifytheconnection.Second,utilizesocialmediaplatformslikeLinkedIn.Joinrelevantgroups,participateindiscussions,andconnectwithprofessionalsinyourfield.Don'tbeafraidtoreachoutandaskforinformationalinterviews.Manypeoplearewillingtosharetheirexperiencesandofferadvice.W:Thosearegreatsuggestions.I'vebeenusingLinkedIn,butIhaven'treallyleverageditfornetworking.ImostlyjustpostupdatesandconnectwithpeopleIalreadyknow.M:It'sallaboutexpandingyournetwork.Don'tbeshyaboutreachingouttopeopleyouadmire.Mostprofessionalsarehappytogiveadvice,especiallytostudentsorrecentgraduates.Justberespectfuloftheirtimeandclearlystateyourpurpose.W:Iappreciatethepracticaladvice.Networkingcanbeintimidating,butit'sessentialforcareergrowth.Ifeelmoreconfidentabouttacklingitnow.M:Excellent.Remember,it'snotjustaboutwhatyoucangetfromothers,butalsoaboutwhatyoucanoffer.Beopentohelpingothersandsharingyourownknowledgeandexperiences.Now,let'smoveontothenexttopic.Q:Accordingtotheconversation,whatisthemainreasonthewomaninitiallystruggledwithnetworkingatindustryconferences?(PartB)PassagesComprehensionPassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)technologyhassparkedintensedebateaboutitsfutureimpactonthejobmarket.WhilesomeexpertspredictthatAIwillautomatecountlessjobs,leadingtowidespreadunemployment,othersarguethatitwillcreatenewjobopportunitiesandtransformexistingroles.ArecentstudybytheInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO)examinesthesecontrastingperspectivesandoffersanuancedoutlook.ThestudyacknowledgesthatAIislikelytoreplacehumanworkersincertainsectors,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitivetasksordataprocessing.Forexample,routineadministrativework,assemblylineoperations,andevensomeformsofcustomerservicecouldbesignificantlyautomated.Thisshift,thereportwarns,mayleadtojobdisplacementformillionsofpeopleglobally,especiallythosewithlowerskilllevelsorlimitedadaptability.However,theILOreportalsohighlightsthepotentialforAItogeneratenewjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyrequiredevelopment,maintenance,andoversight,creatingdemandforskilledprofessionalsinfieldslikeAIengineering,datascience,androbotics.Furthermore,AIhasthepotentialtoaugmenthumancapabilities,enablingworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andinterpersonaltasks.Forinstance,AItoolscanassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimages,allowingthemtoconcentrateonpatientcareandtreatmentplanning.ThereportconcludesthattheimpactofAIonemploymentwilldependonvariousfactors,includingthepaceoftechnologicaladoption,governmentpolicies,andtheabilityoftheworkforcetoadapt.Investingineducationandretrainingprogramswillbecrucialtohelpworkerstransitiontonewroles.Additionally,fosteringacollaborativerelationshipbetweenhumansandAIwillbekeytomaximizingthebenefitsofthistechnologicalrevolution.Q:Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?PassageTwoUrbansprawl,theuncontrolledexpansionofcitiesintosurroundingsuburbs,hasbeenadefiningfeatureofmoderndevelopment.Whileitofferstheallureofmorespaceandpotentiallylowerhousingcosts,itsconsequencesarefar-reachingandoftendetrimentaltotheenvironmentandsociety.Understandingthecausesandeffectsofurbansprawlisessentialfordevelopingsustainableurbanplanningstrategies.Severalfactorscontributetourbansprawl.Populationgrowthputspressureonexistingurbancenters,leadingtotheneedformorehousingandinfrastructure.Suburbanization,drivenbythedesireforlargerhomesandperceivedbetterqualityoflife,encouragespeopletomoveawayfromthecitycenter.Furthermore,theavailabilityoflandandtheinfluenceoftransportationnetworks,suchashighways,facilitatetheoutwardexpansionofcities.Thedevelopmentofshoppingmallsandotheramenitiesinsuburbanareasfurtherattractsresidentsawayfromtheurbancore.Theconsequencesofurbansprawlaresignificant.Environmentally,itleadstohabitatdestruction,increasedpollution,andhigherenergyconsumption.Expandingcitiesoftenconsumevaluableagriculturallandandnaturalhabitats,contributingtobiodiversityloss.Therelianceonprivatevehiclesfortransportationincreasesairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissions.Socially,urbansprawlcanresultinincreasedtrafficcongestion,longercommutes,andadeclineinthevibrancyofcitycenters.Itcanalsoexacerbatesocialinequalities,assuburbanareasoftenhavebetteraccesstoresourcesandservicesthanurbanones.Addressingurbansprawlrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Promotingdense,mixed-usedevelopmentwithincitycenterscanreducetheneedforoutwardexpansion.Improvingpublictransportationsystemscanencourageresidentstoliveclosertourbanamenities.Implementingland-useplanningpoliciesthatlimitsprawlandprotectnaturalareasisalsocrucial.Byadoptingthesestrategies,citiescangrowinamoresustainableandequitablemanner,ensuringabetterqualityoflifeforallresidents.Q:Whatarethemaincausesandeffectsofurbansprawlasdiscussedinthepassage?試卷答案聽力技巧講解一、預(yù)測技巧1.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能圍繞推薦論文、閱讀進度、材料難度、時間安排等展開。2.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及課程選擇、難度比較、個人感受、建議等。3.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及新咖啡店、品質(zhì)、環(huán)境、個人體驗等。4.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及遲交作業(yè)、原因解釋、教授反應(yīng)、后果等。5.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及考試壓力、學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)、焦慮程度、安慰建議等。6.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及紀(jì)錄片、內(nèi)容、影響、個人觀點等。7.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及住宿選擇、距離考量、個人偏好、交通方式等。8.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及偶遇熟人、提及項目、信息分享、后續(xù)計劃等。9.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及職業(yè)發(fā)展工作坊、主題內(nèi)容、網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)、互動方式等。10.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)困難、原因分析、解決方案、專家建議等。11.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及人工智能、就業(yè)市場、影響預(yù)測、專家觀點等。12.閱讀選項，預(yù)測對話可能涉及城市擴張、定義、原因、后果、解決方案等。二、聽音技巧1.聽錄音，抓住man提到的"onlymanagedtoreadtheintroductionandthefirsttwosections"，以及"needmoretimetodigestit"，推斷他還沒讀完，且覺得材料難。2.聽錄音，抓住woman提到的"statisticscourseisrequiredbuttough"和"workshopseemedevenmoreoverwhelming"，以及建議"Ifyou'renotcomfortablewithadvancedmath,I'drecommendtheworkshop"，推斷woman建議他選工作坊。3.聽錄音，抓住man提到的"fantasticselectionoforganicbeans","ambianceisreallycozy","avocadolattewasamazing"，推斷他高度評價咖啡店。4.聽錄音，抓住man解釋原因后，woman的"Iunderstand...However,thedeadlinewasveryclear"和"Nexttime,pleasemakesuretostartearlier"，推斷教授可能會處罰他，或要求他下次更早開始。5.聽錄音，抓住woman表達(dá)的焦慮("sostressed","notready")和man的安慰和建議("It'snormaltofeelanxious","trustinyourhardwork","getagoodnight'ssleep","doyourbest")，推斷man給予安慰和鼓勵。6.聽錄音，抓住woman提到的"quite震撼ing","visualsofthemeltingglaciersandimpactonpolarbearswereparticularlystriking","mademethinkabouthowurgenttheproblemis"，推斷她認(rèn)為紀(jì)錄片令人震撼且突顯了問題的緊迫性。7.聽錄音，抓住man的"Aten-minutewalk?Thatsoundstoocloseforme","prefertohavesomedistancefromthemainactivity"，推斷他喜歡住宿離活動中心遠(yuǎn)一些。8.聽錄音，抓住man提及Sarah在測試"newsolarpaneltechnologies"，以及woman建議在部門會議上"askherformoredetails"，推斷他們計劃在會議上向Sarah了解詳情。三、筆記技巧(此部分在模擬試卷中未體現(xiàn)，通常用于記錄關(guān)鍵信息)四、干擾項識別(此部分在模擬試卷中未體現(xiàn)，通常用于辨別錯誤選項)五、語篇理解1.長對話：理解woman難以進行有意義對話的原因是缺乏準(zhǔn)備和目標(biāo)。2.長對話：理解man建議woman采取的具體行動，包括提前準(zhǔn)備、主動提問、利用社交媒體和進行信息訪談。3.篇章一：理解AI對就業(yè)市場的影響是復(fù)雜且多方面的，既可能造成失業(yè)，也可能創(chuàng)造新崗位。4.篇章二：理解urbansprawl的定義、原因（人口增長、郊區(qū)化、交通等）及其負(fù)面社會和環(huán)境后果（破壞環(huán)境、污染、交通擁堵、社會不公）。實戰(zhàn)模擬試卷(PartC)ShortConversations1.答案：C.Hehasn'tfinishedreadingityetandfindsitdifficult.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉關(guān)于閱讀進度的信息。男士明確提到"Notyet","onlymanagedtoreadtheintroductionandthefirsttwosections",并且表示"needmoretimetodigestit"。這些信息表明他還沒讀完，并且覺得材料有難度。選項C"Hehasn'tfinishedreadingityetandfindsitdifficult"準(zhǔn)確概括了男士的意思。2.答案：B.Takethedataanalysisworkshop.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉關(guān)于課程選擇的建議。女士在聽到男士的顧慮后，明確提到"Theworkshopseemedevenmoreoverwhelming"并且直接建議"Ifyou'renotcomfortablewithadvancedmath,I'drecommendtheworkshop"。這表明她建議男士選擇工作坊。選項B與此建議一致。3.答案：A.Hethinksithasgoodqualitybeansandacozyatmosphere.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉男士對咖啡店的正面評價。男士提到了"fantasticselectionoforganicbeans"(極好的有機豆子選擇)和"ambianceisreallycozy"(氛圍非常舒適)，并且親自嘗試了"avocadolatte"并認(rèn)為"wasamazing"(非常棒)。選項A概括了這些積極的評價點。4.答案：D.Theprofessormightpenalizehimforthelatesubmissionoradvisehimtobeearliernexttime.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉關(guān)于遲交后果的信息。男士解釋了原因，但女士回應(yīng)時使用了轉(zhuǎn)折詞"However"，并強調(diào)了"thedeadlinewasveryclear"，接著給出了"Nexttime,pleasemakesuretostartearlier"的建議。這暗示教授對此次遲到并不滿意，可能會因此處罰他，或者至少會告誡他下次要準(zhǔn)時。選項D包含了這兩種可能的結(jié)果。5.答案：D.Encouragethewomantotrustinherpreparationandrelax.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉男士對woman焦慮的回應(yīng)。男士先是表示理解("It'snormaltofeelanxious")，然后給出了積極的鼓勵("trustinyourhardwork")和放松的建議("getagoodnight'ssleep","doyourbest")。選項D準(zhǔn)確概括了男士的建議核心：相信準(zhǔn)備并放松。6.答案：A.Shefoundthedocumentaryimpactfulandthought-provoking.解析思路：聆聽時注意捕捉woman對紀(jì)錄片的感受。woman使用了"quite震撼ing"(非常震撼),提到了具體的影像內(nèi)容及其影響("mademethinkabouthowurgenttheproblemis")。這表明紀(jì)錄片給她留下了深刻印象，并引發(fā)了她對問題的思考。選項A概括了這種影響