（英語）高中英語閱讀理解解題技巧和訓(xùn)練方法及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Summerisapproachingandthefollowingbookscanaccompanyyouduringthehotseason.◆AndThenComesSummerbyTomBrenner

Thesmelloffresh-cutgrass.Thecoldnessoficecreamonyourtongue.Thesoundofcrickets(蟋蟀)atnight,Thisromanticfeastforsensesisasmuchacelebrationoftheseasonasitisasummerbucketlist!Attractiveillustrations(插圖)anddescriptivetextwarmyourheartandinspiredplaylikeneverbefore.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.28◆ThreeLittleWordsbyAmyNovesky

Dery's“Justkeepswimming!”messageofperseveranceisperfectforanyonewhohaseverfeltliketheyweredrowning.FollowDoryanunforgettableadventureasshefindsherwayinthisbeautifulwatercoloradventureoffriendshipandsurvival.AvailablefromAmazon.$1206◆ThereMightbeLobstersbyCarolynCrimi

MeetSuki.She'sasmalldogwithabigfearofthebeach.Whenarescueisinorder,Sukisavesthattheday,provingthatthere'snothingtofearbutfearitself.Quitepossiblytheperfectpicturebookforanxiouskidsfearfultotrynewexperiences,thistimelesstreasureopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.84◆JabariJumpsbyGaiaCornwall

Youknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakealeap?That'showJabarifeelsabouthisfirstjumpoffthedivingboard.Heknowshowtoswim.Heknowsjumpingoffsurelooksfun.Butdoeshehavewhatittakestotakeatry?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.26（1）WhatcanyouenjoyinthebookAndThenComesSummer?A.

Swimmingskills.

B.

Funofsummer.

C.

Artexhibition.

D.

Alovelydog.（2）WhatdoThereMightbeLobstersandJabariJumpshaveincommon?A.

Theyhavethesameprices.

B.

Theircharactersdothesamesports.C.

Theycanbeboughtindifferentplaces.

D.

Theircharacterssucceedinriddingfear.（3）Whichbookdescribestheexperienceoflearningtoswim?A.

AndThenComesSummer

B.

ThereMightbeLobstersC.

ThreeLittleWords

D.

JabariJumps【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾本可以在炎熱的季節(jié)陪伴你的書。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)AndThenComesSummer部分中的“Thesmelloffresh-cutgrass.Thecoldnessoficecreamonyourtongue.Thesoundofcrickets(蟋蟀)atnight,Thisromanticfeastforsensesisasmuchacelebrationoftheseasonasitisasummerbucketlist!”這些對夏天事物和樂趣的描寫可知從這本書中我們可以享受到夏天的樂趣，故選B。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ThereMightbeLobsters部分中的“She'sasmalldogwithabigfearofthebeach.Whenarescueisinorder,Sukisavesthattheday,provingthatthere'snothingtofearbutfearitself.和JabariJumpsbyGaiaCornwall中Youknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakealeap?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.”可知這兩本書都講述了主人公成功克服恐懼的故事，故選D。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ThreeLittleWords部分中的“Dery's‘Justkeepswimming!’messageofperseveranceisperfectforanyonewhohaseverfeltliketheyweredrowning.FollowDoryanunforgettableadventure”等信息可知本書描述了Dery學(xué)游泳的經(jīng)歷，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇廣告類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Scientistsfoundthatsleepingconsiderablyimprovesourcreativity.Aftertakinganappeopleareabletothinkfasterandputmoreimaginationintotheirthinking.Besides,ifwedream,thethinkingabilitiesareimprovedevenmore.

Researchersconsiderthatsleepingonaprobleminmostcasesleadstoelucidation(解釋).TheysaywhenapersonentersaphasecalledRapidEyeMovement(REM)duringsleep,itincreasestheeffect.Suchphasetakesplacerightbeforeweawakeandaccordingtoscientistsithelpsourbrainmakelinksbetweenunrelatedsubjects.

Inthestudy,ledbyProfessorSaraMednick,scientistsmadeaconclusionthattheREMwas"importantforassimilating(消化)newinformationintopastexperience"inordertofindsolutionstocreativeproblems.

Prof.MednickisapsychiatristattheUniversityofCalifornia.Herstudyinvolvedtheanalysisof77adults.Eachparticipantwasgivenseveralword-associatedcreativetasks.Alltasksweregiveninthemorning,withparticipantsbeingshownanumberofgroupsof3words,forexample:cookie,heartandsixteen.Theywereaskedtocomeupwithawordthatwouldbeassociatedwithallthreegiventerms—likesweet.Sometimelater,aftersomeparticipantswereallowedtosleep,theywereaskedtoperformthesametasksandsomenewones.Itisworthmentioningthatwhilesomepeopleslept,researchersusedbrainscanstoseethetypeofsleepeachparticipantentered.

Whengiventhesametasks,participants,whotookanap,wereabletogivemorevariedsolutions,someofwhichweremuchbetterthantheygaveearlier.Butwhengivennewtasks,researchersfoundthatthosewhoenteredREMsleephada40percentbetterresultcomparedtotheperformancetheyshowedinthemorning.（1）Whatdoes"it"refertointhesecondparagraph?A.

Theeffect.

B.

REM.

C.

Sleep.

D.

Aproblem.（2）WhydotheresearchersstudytheREM?A.

BecauseREMtakesplacejustafteryousleep.B.

BecauseREMcanstoremoreinformation.C.

BecauseREMcanhelpfindcreativesolutionsD.

BecauseREMcanmakeacreativeinvention.（3）Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?A.

Takingashortnapisgoodforyourthinkingduringtheday.B.

Sleepinghasthreeprocesseswhichisgoodforcreativity.C.

Eachadultwasallowedtosleepafterthetaskwasgiven.D.

REMisaprocesstakingplacerightafterweawakewhenwenap.（4）Theimportantstageinthestudyis________.A.

tothinkofacreativeword

B.

toshowagroupof3wordsC.

togiveparticipantstimetothink

D.

toletsomeparticipantssleepforawhile【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章講述了科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠能大大提高我們的創(chuàng)造力。(1)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前一句TheysaywhenapersonentersaphasecalledRapidEyeMovement(REM)duringsleep可知，it指代REM，選B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段scientistsmadeaconclusionthattheREMwas"importantforassimilating(消化)newinformationintopastexperience”inordertofindsolutionstocreativeproblems.可知，科學(xué)家之所以研究這個(gè)時(shí)期是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)時(shí)期對于找到創(chuàng)造性問題的解題辦法是重要的，這個(gè)時(shí)期會將新信息消化為經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故答案為C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Whengiventhesametasks,participants,whotookanap,wereabletogivemorevariedsolutions,someofwhichweremuchbetterthantheygaveearlier.可知，小睡一會之后會讓人有更好的表現(xiàn)。故選A。(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Itisworthmentioningthatwhilesomepeopleslept,researchersusedbrainscanstoseethetypeofsleepeachparticipantentered.可知，研究很重要的一個(gè)階段就是要讓參加者睡一會，然后來掃描他們大腦看看他們進(jìn)入的睡眠階段。選D。3．閱讀理解

Watchingwoodendollscometolifemaynotbeoneofthemostpopularformsofentertainmenttoday,butwithovertwentyyears'experience,talentedpuppeteer(木偶表演者)PeterRobertshasearnedhimselfthetitle“masterpuppeteer”becauseofhisgreatabilitytoturnpuppetsintobelievable,almostlivingcharacters.“PeoplearequiteoftensurprisedtohearwhatIdoforlivingandhavelittleappreciationofpuppyasaformofentertainment.Butwhiletheexactoriginsofpuppettheatreareunknown,ithasbeenpopularinmanyculturesandmayhavebeentheveryfirstkindoftheatre,”heexplains.

Roberts'showsarehighlyoriginal.“Apuppetshowcaninvolveanythingfromclowning(傻逗)tostorytelling,”hesays,Equallydiversearetheaudiencesheperformsfor.“Someareattractedbythepuppetsthemselves,whileothersenjoythedialogue.”Robertsbelievesthatthisformofentertainmentcanbeappreciatedbypeopleofallagesandcultures.

Roberts'interestinpuppetsstartedwhenhereceivedsomebeautifulglovepuppetsoneChristmas.HestartedputtingonshowswiththeseforfamilyandfriendsandthenmovedontohandmadeChinesestringpuppets.Learningmostlyfrombooksandpersonalexperience,heexplains,“Iwasalreadyspendingmostofmyfreetimecarvingpuppetsandputtingonshows,soIhardlynoticedthechangefromstudentstofull-timeprofessionalpuppeteer.”

Thepuppetsaredesignedspecificallyforeachshow,whichisextremelytimeconsuming.AccordingtoRoberts,“Sometimeswhatyouexpectandwhatyouactuallycreateintheendaretwoverydifferentthings.I'vemadesomeofmybestpuppets'accidentally'.”

Whenmostpeopleheartheword“puppetry”,theymorethanlikelythinkofawayofkeepingchildrenentertainedatbirthdayparties.Certainlythesubjectmatterwillbeexpectedtobelight-heartedratherthanserious.However,Robertswantstopointoutthatpuppetscomeseriousmessagessometimes.”hesays.（1）Whatdoweknowaboutpuppetryinthefirstparagraph?A.

Itisamostpopularformofentertainment.

B.

Itcannotgivepeoplepleasureanymore.C.

ItwasfirstbroughttolifebyPeterRoberts.

D.

Itsvalueasanartformisnotfullyrecognized.（2）InRoberts'eyes,hispuppetshows

.A.

usuallyattractpeoplefullofhumor

B.

aremostsomethingforoldagedaudienceC.

displaysomethingmeaningfulfordifferentpeople

D.

involvehardworkandgreatintelligence（3）Robertsdevelopedaninterestinpuppetsbecauseof

.A.

thepuppetshowbooks

B.

hisuniversitymajorC.

aChristmasgift

D.

someChinesestringpuppets（4）WhatdoesRobertswantpeopletothinkofpuppettheatre?A.

Itisjustakindofentertainmentforkids.

B.

Itcanbeeducationalaswellasentertaining.C.

Itisonlyakindofseriousartform.

D.

Itshouldbekeptlight-hearted.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文為夾敘夾議。本文講述了雖然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是當(dāng)今一種最流行的娛樂形式。享用盛名的木偶大師羅伯特卻讓自己的木偶表演極具獨(dú)創(chuàng)性。他讓木偶表演不僅具有觀賞性也有一定的教育意義。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“PeoplearequiteoftensurprisedtohearwhatIdoforlivingandhavelittleappreciationofpuppyasaformofentertainment”可知，人們很少把木偶表演看作是一種娛樂形式來欣賞。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)（它作為一種藝術(shù)形式?jīng)]有被充分認(rèn)可）符合題意，故答案選D項(xiàng)。（3）推理判斷題。第二段內(nèi)容說羅伯特的木偶戲涉及任何東西，從扮小丑逗樂到到講故事，”他給各種各樣不同的觀眾表演。“有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜歡木偶表演中的對話?！绷_伯特認(rèn)為這種形式的娛樂可以被各個(gè)年齡段和文化的人所欣賞。由此可判斷，羅伯特的木偶戲?yàn)椴煌娜苏故疽恍┯幸饬x的東西。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選C項(xiàng)。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Certainlythesubjectmatterwillbeexpectedtobelight-heartedratherthanserious.However,Robertswantstopointoutthatpuppetscomeseriousmessagessometimes.”木偶表演的主題更多的是輕松愉快的而不是嚴(yán)肅的。然而，羅伯特指出木偶表演有時(shí)也傳遞一些嚴(yán)肅的東西。由此可推斷出，木偶表演既是一種娛樂也有一定的教育性。故答案選B。（4）此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解中的一一對應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對應(yīng)，一目了然。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Roberts'interestinpuppetsstartedwhenhereceivedsomebeautifulglovepuppetsoneChristmas.”羅伯特對木偶的興趣始于圣誕節(jié)時(shí)他收到了一些漂亮的手套木偶。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】夾敘夾議閱讀理解：（1）先敘述自己的某一個(gè)生活經(jīng)歷或見聞，然后真對這一事件發(fā)表自己對生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（2）作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法。然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例加以說明，有時(shí)也可能用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面來說明。（3）提出一種觀點(diǎn)或見解，然后用某一事例來闡述這一觀點(diǎn)，最后再進(jìn)一步的總結(jié)和升華。抓住作者要說明的觀點(diǎn)或要闡述的生活哲理是做好這一類型題目的關(guān)鍵，而作者敘述所發(fā)生的事件或生活經(jīng)歷只是為表達(dá)其思想服務(wù)的。4．閱讀理解

OnFebruary6,SpaceX,aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk,hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft,makingittheworld'smostpowerfulrocket.

FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV,whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit-that'salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle,DeltaIVHeavy,”ImperialCollegeastrophysicistDavidClementstoldAIJazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX,FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers,crew,luggageandfuel.

TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofearninghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.Foritsfirstvoyage,itcarriedMusk's$100,000cherry-redTeslasportscarandafakespace-suitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver'sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”.

FalconHeavywentintospaceonitslastflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertake-off,thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.

SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR.Recently,SpaceXscheduledtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA'sTESSmissiononMarch20,2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXisscheduledtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018,atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.（1）Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A.

A737jet.

B.

Tesla.

C.

SaturnV.

D.

SpaceX.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A.

Itwasthelatestrocketintheworld.

B.

Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C.

Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.

D.

ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.（3）WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A.

Weathercondition.

B.

Programerror.

C.

Equipmentfailure.

D.

Deliberatedamage.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.

TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.

B.

Thevehicletolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C.

TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.

D.

Falcon9willtake15launchmissions.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇時(shí)文報(bào)道類文章。2月6日，伊隆·馬斯克的私人航天航空公司SpaceX成功的發(fā)射了獵鷹號重型航天器，使得它成為世界上最強(qiáng)大的火箭。文章介紹了獵鷹號重型航天器的具體情況。（1）推理判斷題。由第二段中的“FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV”可知，F(xiàn)alconHeavy是SaturnV退役之后的最大的火箭。由此可推知，SaturnV曾經(jīng)是最大的火箭。故C選項(xiàng)正確。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches”可知，發(fā)射FalconHeavy是在佛羅里達(dá)州的卡納維拉爾角空軍基地和肯尼迪航天中心。該地也被用來執(zhí)行阿波羅11號的登月任務(wù)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)正確。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere”可知，因?yàn)樘鞖庠驅(qū)е滤舆t發(fā)射。故A選項(xiàng)正確。（4）推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR”可知，SpaceX宣布最終使用FalconHeavy將兩位付費(fèi)的游客送入太空進(jìn)行環(huán)月旅游。但是，Musk又說有可能將該任務(wù)留給BFR來執(zhí)行。由此可以推知，到底誰來執(zhí)行該任務(wù)還不確定。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)評】閱讀理解推理判斷題解題技巧：推斷題是考查學(xué)生透過文章表面的文字信息進(jìn)行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，切莫主觀臆斷。①那些文章中直接陳述的內(nèi)容不能選，要選擇根據(jù)文章推理出來的選項(xiàng)。②推理不是憑空猜測，而是立足已知推斷未知；作出正確答案時(shí)一定要在文中找到依據(jù)或理由。③要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的想法；不要脫離原文主觀臆斷。5．閱讀理解

Nowadays,especiallyinChina,everythingseemstofavorsocialintercourse(社交),suchasgatheringsoffriends,KTV,grouptravel,diningtighter,playingcardsandMahjong,plustheChinese-style"street-crossinggroup."Backhome,discussionscanstillbeboisterouslycarriedonwithinthe"circleoffriends"ofWeChat.

However,thesescenescannotalwayseaseasenseofloneliness.ZhuZiqing,awell-knownprofessorofTsinghuaUniversity,signedwithemotion:"Mylonelinessincreasesasscenebecomesmuchbusier."Onepopularsongtodayisalsocalled"Alonelymanincrowds."Actually,engaginginsocialintercourserequiresability,whilebeingaloneinvolvesthewholecharacter.

Thesedays,itisnoteasytocalmdowntotallyandreturntoone'strueself.Willpower,intellectanddisciplinearerequired.Einsteinsaid:"Itisnotyourworkingtimebutyoursparetimethatdeterminesthepossibilityofwhetheryouwillbesuccessfulornot."The"sparetime"hereferredtocouldbetakenas"spendingtimebyyourself."

Lonelylifecouldbeeitherdull,boringandtastelessorabundant,interestingandcolorful,dependingonone'squality,ambitionandinspiration.

Justasthebodyconstantlyrequiresenergy,themindandsoulalsodemandneverstoppinginputs.However,information,processedandintegrated(融入)intoknowledge,thoughtsandfeelings,insteadofbustle

(忙碌)

seemstobetherightcondition.Successfulcareersmallwalksoflifeworldwidehaveprovedthat"thesoulgrowsinpeaceandtalentisnurturedinloneliness".Inasense,itmaybereasonabletosaythat"Happinesstendstobeshallowwhilelonelinessinvolvesdepth".

Man,infact,needslonelinessmorethanhappytime,andonlyabundantlonelinesscanproducequalityhappiness.（1）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedtheword"boisterously"inparagraphl?A.

surprisingly

B.

sadly

C.

busily

D.

peacefully（2）Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.

Beingalonemarkspeopledepressed.

B.

Socialintercourseimprovesourhappiness.C.

Onemayfeellonelyevenwhensurroundedbypeople.

D.

Weshouldattendsocialintercoursetodecreaseourloneliness.（3）WhatcanweknowfromEinstein'swords?A.

Youshouldbesuccessfulifyouspendallyourtimebyyourself.

B.

Youshouldexercisemoreifyouwanttokeepyourmindshealthy.C.

Youwillnotbecomesuccessfulifyoujoininmoresocialintercourse.

D.

Youwillbemoresuccessfulifyoucanmakeyourlonelytimemeaningful.（4）Whichmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.

LiveonYourOwn

B.

HappinessandLonelinessC.

TheSecretofSuccess

D.

PracticeYourSocialAbility【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是議論文。主要討論了在現(xiàn)今社會中很多的社會往活動(dòng)在進(jìn)行中，人們看似很幸福。然而，一切都掩蓋不了人們在這些幸福場景背后倍感孤獨(dú)的社會現(xiàn)象。（1）考查詞意猜測題。根據(jù)第一段可知，如今，尤其是在中國，一切都似乎有利于社會交往，如朋友聚會、KTV、團(tuán)體旅游、餐飲更緊，打牌和麻將，加上中式“過街組”。可以猜測出下文：回到家中仍然忙著在微信上討論。所以劃線詞boisterously的意思是“忙的”，故選C。（2）考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句，也是主題句However,thesescenescannotalwayseaseasenseofloneliness.以及Alonelymanincrowds.”可知，一個(gè)人就算被人包圍著也可能感到孤獨(dú)。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Einsteinsaid:“Itisnotyourworkingtimebutyoursparetimethatdeterminesthepossibilityofwhetheryouwillbesuccessfulornot.”（愛因斯坦說：“不是你的工作時(shí)間，而是你的業(yè)余時(shí)間決定了你是否成功的可能性。）可知，如果你能讓寂寞的時(shí)間更有意義，你會更成功。故選D。（4）考查標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要討論了在現(xiàn)今社會中很多的社會往活動(dòng)在進(jìn)行中，人們看似很幸福。然而，一切都掩蓋不了人們在這些幸福場景背后倍感孤獨(dú)的社會現(xiàn)象。所以最佳標(biāo)題是B.HappinessandLoneliness，故選B.【點(diǎn)評】尋找文章的主題句了解文章主要論題的關(guān)鍵是找到全文的主題句。主題句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各個(gè)段落中。如果每個(gè)段落都有主題句，那么把各段落的主題句的中心思想集中起來，即為全文的主題句。6．閱讀理解

Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.

Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.

Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheorywherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.

Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTVwheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble,whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.

TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.

Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”

HarleyStreetpsychologistDrLucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”（1）Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho

.A.

hasthesametasteasthem

B.

advertiseshisproductsonTVC.

reducesthepriceofhisproducts

D.

paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts（2）TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat

.A.

foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople'strust

B.

bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC.

peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss'searnmore

D.

peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.

Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.

B.

Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings,C.

Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn'tbeenprovedbyresearchers.

D.

Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.（4）Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A.

Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.

Allgoodthingscometoanend.C.

Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

D.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，和經(jīng)理們（乃至陌生人）吃同樣食物的人更容易即刻獲得他們的信任。也就是諺語所說的，“人以群分物以類聚。”（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句shoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarkindoffoodtothematthetime.可知，顧客很可能從味道相同的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品。故答案選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.可知美國ChicagoUniversity研究表明食物在贏得人們的信任方面起著重要的作用。故答案選A。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中thiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavethecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thaimeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytothesuccessful.”可知，吃相似食物的人更容易信任對方。故答案選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)每條諺語的意思A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.誠實(shí)為上策。B.Allgoodthingscometoanend.天下沒有不散的筵席。C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.人以群分物以類聚。D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成?？芍狢項(xiàng)符合題意?！军c(diǎn)評】推理題的解題方法1.抓住特定信息進(jìn)行逆向或正向推理。2.

整合全文（段）信息進(jìn)行推斷。3.利用語境的褒貶性進(jìn)行信息推斷。4.根據(jù)文章的結(jié)論推斷作者的態(tài)度。5.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯得出結(jié)論。6.結(jié)合已有的知識進(jìn)行推斷。7．閱讀理解

CastleDaleisasmalltownincentralUtah.Mygrandpa'sfarmisafewmilestothenorth.Igrewupthere.Milkingacow,feedingthechickensandcuttingfirewoodweredailyroutines.GrandpahadmecarryingabroomtodosnowcleaningwhenitwasactuallytallerthanIwas.Thiswastheworkkidslikemelearnedtodoatayoungage.

Iwastall,verytallatareallyyoungage.Myunusualheightcausedpeopletolook,askquestions,laugh,tease,andsometimesevenchallengemetofight.Iwasteasedcruellyasakid.Itwasn'tfair,Iknew,butthatwasjustthewayitwas.Luckily,Iwastaughtataveryyoungageaveryimportantlesson.Iamdifferentandthat'sOkay—I'muniqueandImatter.Noonecouldevertakethatawayfromme.Iknewthisthen,andIknowthisnow.Thatalonehelpedmethroughthefrustrationsandheartachesofnormallife.

WhenIwasinjuniorhighschool,Irealizedsomethingelsethathelpedmecope.Mostteasingcamefromoneoftwoplaces—peoplewhowereeitherjealousorignorant(愚昧).Icouldn'tchangethewaytheywere,butIcouldchangethewayIfelt.Iwasnotgoingtofeelbadbecauseoftheirignoranceorjealousy.Itwasn'tworthit.Realizingthisdidn'tstopthem,orchangethefactthatthesecommentshurt.Itdid,however,givemeawaytounderstandthesepeopleanddealwiththeirtreatmentinawaythatwasokayforme.

Thesethingsstillhappentoday.Itwillprobablyhappentherestofmylife.Iwillalwaysbe7feet,6inches(2.29meters)tall.Iwouldn'tchangethatforanything.Peoplewillalwayslookbecauseitisnoteverydaythatyouseesomeonethattall.IlearnedthatatayoungageandInowtrytoteachmyownchildrenthattheyareuniqueandtheymatter.ThatisthemessageIgivetoyou.Regardlessofyourrace,religion,background,orcircumstances...Beingdifferentisokay.（1）Theauthormentionedhishometowntoshowus_______.A.

heisfromanordinaryfamily

B.

hisgrandpaisstrictwithhimC.

helovesthislovelysmalltown

D.

hehadtodoalotoflaborwork（2）Theauthorwasoftenteasedbecause_______.A.

hegrewupinasmalltown

B.

hewasmuchtallerthanothersC.

hefoughtwithpeopleeasily

D.

hedidn'twantpeopletowatchhim（3）Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardsbeingteased?A.

Heacceptedthefactofbeingdifferentandletitgo.

B.

Hefeltangryfailingtochangeothers'opinions.C.

Hefelthurthearingpeople'snegativecomments.

D.

Hehatedpeople'signoranceandjealousy.（4）Whichofthefollowingmaybestdescribethethemeofthepassage?A.

Everythingcomestothemanwhowaits.

B.

Itisthefirststepthatistroublesome.C.

Speechissilver,silenceisgold.

D.

Keepyourheadup.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者從小到大由于身高的特殊性受到了很多嘲笑和欺辱，但是作者并未此而感到沮喪．反而認(rèn)識到不管一個(gè)人的種族、宗教、背景或者所處的環(huán)境如何，與眾不同也是一種生活態(tài)度。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“CastleDaleisasmalltownincentralUtah”CastleDale是“我”的家鄉(xiāng)，然后介紹了“我”在祖父的農(nóng)場長大每天做了很多雜事：給奶牛擠奶，喂雞、砍柴火等；暗示出從小我來自于一個(gè)普通的家庭，并沒有表現(xiàn)出特殊的地方。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Myunusualheightcausedpeopletolook，askquestions，laugh，tease，andsometimesevenchallengemetofight．”提到“我”從小身高特別高經(jīng)常受到周圍人的嘲笑。故案選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Iamdifferentandthat'sOkay—I'muniqueandImatter.Noonecouldevertakethatawayfromme.Iknewthisthen,andIknowthisnow.“可知“我”自小雖然與眾不同，但是從內(nèi)心接受自己．以及最后一段中的“Regardlessofyourrace,religion,background,orcircumstances...Beingdifferentisokay.”可知，“我”走自己的路讓別人說去吧！故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。從整篇文章內(nèi)容來看，主要描述“我”從小到大由于身高的原因而與眾不同，并受到周圍人