2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解長難句突破攻略及沖刺試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Fordecades,thequestionofwhethereconomicdevelopmentshouldprecedeenvironmentalprotectionhasbeenasubjectoffiercedebate.Whilesomearguethateconomicgrowthisthekeytosolvingenvironmentalproblems,othersmaintainthatenvironmentaldegradationwillultimatelyhindersustainabledevelopment.Recentstudies,however,suggestamorenuancedapproachisnecessary,onethatintegrateseconomicandenvironmentalconsiderationsfromtheoutset.Traditionaldevelopmentmodelsoftenprioritizeeconomicgrowth,sometimesattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Thisapproachhasledtosignificantincreasesinindustrialproductionandlivingstandardsbuthasalsoresultedinpollution,deforestation,andlossofbiodiversity.Theconsequencesofsuchenvironmentaldamagearenowbecomingincreasinglyapparent,withissueslikeclimatechangeandairpollutionposingseriousthreatstopublichealthandecologicalstability.Incontrast,anintegratedapproachseekstobalanceeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection.Thisinvolvesadoptingsustainablepractices,investinginrenewableenergysources,andimplementingpoliciesthatencouragebotheconomicgrowthandenvironmentalstewardship.Proponentsofthisapproacharguethatitispossibletoachieveeconomicprosperitywithoutcompromisingtheenvironment,andthatinthelongrun,suchanapproachismorebeneficialforbothpeopleandtheplanet.Evidencefromaroundtheworldsuggeststhattheintegratedapproachcanbesuccessful.CountrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavemadesignificantinvestmentsinrenewableenergy,resultinginbotheconomicgrowthandreducedcarbonemissions.Similarly,theadoptionofsustainableagriculturepracticesinpartsofAsiahasledtoincreasedcropyieldswhilepreservingnaturalresources.Theseexamplesdemonstratethatitispossibletoachieveeconomicandenvironmentalgoalssimultaneously.Despitethesesuccesses,challengesremain.Thetransitiontoamoresustainablemodelrequiressignificantinvestmentandchangesinbothpolicyandindividualbehavior.Furthermore,economicincentivesmaybeneededtoencouragebusinessesandconsumerstoadoptmoreenvironmentallyfriendlypractices.Nevertheless,thepotentialbenefitsofanintegratedapproacharetoosignificanttoignore,anditistheresponsibilityofgovernments,businesses,andindividualstoworktogethertocreateamoresustainablefuture.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataretheconsequencesofprioritizingeconomicgrowthovertheenvironment?3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheintegratedapproachtodevelopment?4.HowdotheexamplesofDenmarkandGermanysupporttheauthor'sargument?5.Whatchallengesarementionedinthepassageregardingthetransitiontoamoresustainablemodel?Passage2Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedawaveofexcitementandconcernaroundtheworld.Ononehand,AIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation,byautomatingtasks,improvingefficiency,andenablingnewtechnologies.Ontheotherhand,therearelegitimateworriesabouttheimpactofAIonjobs,privacy,andethicalconsiderations.Navigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequirescarefulthoughtandproactivemeasures.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoenhanceproductivityandinnovation.Inhealthcare,AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumans,helpingtodiagnosediseasesearlierandmoreeffectively.Intransportation,self-drivingcarshavethepotentialtoreduceaccidentsandimprovetrafficflow.TheseapplicationsofAIcouldleadtosubstantialimprovementsinqualityoflifeandeconomicefficiency.However,theriseofAIalsoraisesconcernsaboutjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyarelikelytotakeovertasksthatwerepreviouslyperformedbyhumans.Whilenewjobswillundoubtedlybecreated,thereisariskthattheskillsrequiredforthesenewroleswillbeverydifferentfromthosethatarecurrentlyindemand.Thiscouldleadtosignificanteconomicdisruptionandinequalityifappropriatemeasuresarenottakentosupportworkersduringthistransition.Privacyisanothermajorconcern.AIsystemsoftenrelyonlargeamountsofdatatofunctioneffectively,andthisdatacanincludesensitivepersonalinformation.Thereisariskthatthisdatacouldbemisusedorfallintothewronghands,leadingtoprivacyviolationsandsecuritybreaches.EnsuringtheethicaluseofAIwillrequirerobustdataprotectionregulationsandtransparencyinhowAIsystemsaredevelopedanddeployed.Toaddressthesechallenges,itisessentialtodevelopabalancedapproachtoAI.ThisinvolvesnotonlyfosteringinnovationandharnessingthepotentialbenefitsofAIbutalsoimplementingpoliciestomitigateitsrisks.Educationandtrainingprogramswillbecrucialinhelpingworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket,whileregulationsandethicalguidelineswillbenecessarytoprotectprivacyandensuretheresponsibleuseofAI.Questions:6.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsofAIinhealthcareandtransportation?8.WhatconcernsareraisedinthepassageabouttheimpactofAIonjobs?9.HowcouldtheprivacyconcernsrelatedtoAIbeaddressed?10.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessarytodevelopabalancedapproachtoAI?Passage3Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestintheconceptofremotework,acceleratedbytheCOVID-19pandemic.Manycompanieshavediscoveredthatallowingemployeestoworkfromhomecanleadtoincreasedproductivity,higherjobsatisfaction,andreducedcommutingcosts.However,theshifttoremoteworkalsopresentsanumberofchallengesthatneedtobecarefullymanagedtoensureitssuccess.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofremoteworkistheflexibilityitprovidestoemployees.Workingfromhomeallowsindividualstobetterbalancetheirworkandpersonallives,reducingstressandimprovingoverallwell-being.Additionally,remoteworkcanleadtocostsavingsforbothemployeesandemployers.Employeessaveoncommutingexpenses,andemployerscanreducecostsassociatedwithofficespaceandutilities.Despitethesebenefits,remoteworkisnotwithoutitschallenges.Communicationcanbemoredifficultwhenteammembersarenotphysicallypresent,leadingtopotentialmisunderstandingsanddecreasedcollaboration.Managersalsofacethechallengeofmaintainingteammoraleandensuringthatremoteemployeesfeelengagedandsupported.Furthermore,thereisariskthatremoteworkcouldexacerbateexistinginequalities,asnotallemployeeshaveequalaccesstothenecessarytechnologyorasuitableworkenvironment.Toovercomethesechallenges,companiesneedtoimplementeffectiveremoteworkpoliciesandprovidethenecessarytoolsandsupportfortheiremployees.Thisincludesinvestingincommunicationplatformsthatfacilitatecollaboration,offeringtrainingprogramstohelpemployeesadapttoremotework,andestablishingclearexpectationsandperformancemetrics.Additionally,companiesshouldfosteracultureofinclusionandensurethatremoteemployeeshaveequalopportunitiesforgrowthandadvancement.Thesuccessofremoteworkalsodependsontheindividualcapabilitiesandpreferencesofemployees.Someindividualsthriveinaremoteworkenvironment,whileothersmayfinditisolatingorchallengingtostaymotivated.Companiesshouldbemindfulofthesedifferencesandprovideoptionsthatallowemployeestochoosetheworkarrangementthatbestsuitstheirneeds.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthebenefitsofremoteworkforemployeesandemployers?13.Whatchallengesarementionedinthepassageregardingremotework?14.Whatstepscancompaniestaketosupporttheirremoteemployees?15.Howdoesthepassagesuggestindividualpreferencescaninfluencethesuccessofremotework?Translationdirections:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthewaywelive,work,andinteractwithoneanother.Fromtheinternetandsmartphonestoartificialintelligenceandbiotechnology,theseinnovationshavebroughtaboutunprecedentedchangesinnearlyeveryaspectofsociety.Whiletheseadvancementshaveundoubtedlyimprovedourlivesinmanyways,theyhavealsopresentednewchallengesthatwemustconfrontandovercome.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsoftechnologicaladvancementhasbeenonthelabormarket.AutomationandAIhavereplacedmanytraditionaljobs,whilecreatingnewonesthatrequiredifferentskillsets.Thisshifthasnecessitatedareevaluationofeducationsystemsandafocusonlifelonglearningtoensurethatworkerscanadapttothechangingdemandsofthejobmarket.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutthewideninggapbetweenthosewhohavetheskillstothriveinthenewtechnologicallandscapeandthosewhodonot,potentiallyleadingtoincreasedeconomicinequality.Anothermajorchallengeistheethicalandsocialimplicationsofnewtechnologies.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,surveillance,andthepotentialmisuseofAIraiseseriousconcernsaboutindividualrightsandsocietalvalues.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,itiscrucialthatwedevelopframeworksandregulationsthatpromoteresponsibleinnovationandprotectthewell-beingofindividualsandcommunities.Furthermore,theenvironmentalimpactoftechnologicaladvancementcannotbeignored.Theproductionanddisposalofelectronicdevices,theenergyconsumptionofdatacenters,andtherelianceonraremineralsallcontributetoenvironmentaldegradation.Tomitigatetheseeffects,itisessentialtodevelopmoresustainabletechnologiesandpracticesthatminimizewasteandreduceourcarbonfootprint.Inconclusion,whiletherapidadvancementoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanybenefits,ithasalsopresentedsignificantchallengesthatrequireourattention.Byfosteringacultureofinnovationthatismindfulofethical,social,andenvironmentalconsiderations,wecanharnessthepoweroftechnologytocreateabetterfutureforall.Writingdirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsonthetopicbelow.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestmoremoneyinimprovingroadsandhighwaysthaninpublictransportation.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisview?---試卷答案閱讀理解Passage11.C*解析思路：*文章首段提出經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護的爭論，第二段描述了傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展模式的問題，第三段提出集成式方法，第四段舉例說明集成式方法的成功，最后一段總結(jié)挑戰(zhàn)與前景。文章核心是介紹并論證“集成式發(fā)展模式”（integratedapproach）的必要性和可行性，故選C（文章主要探討了將經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護相結(jié)合的集成式發(fā)展模式）。2.A*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第二段“Traditionaldevelopmentmodelsoftenprioritizeeconomicgrowth,sometimesattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Thisapproachhasledtosignificantincreasesinindustrialproductionandlivingstandardsbuthasalsoresultedinpollution,deforestation,andlossofbiodiversity.”可知，傳統(tǒng)的以經(jīng)濟增長為中心的模式導(dǎo)致了污染、森林砍伐和生物多樣性喪失等環(huán)境問題。故選A（污染、森林砍伐和生物多樣性喪失）。3.D*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第三段“Anintegratedapproachseekstobalanceeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection.Thisinvolvesadoptingsustainablepractices,investinginrenewableenergysources,andimplementingpoliciesthatencouragebotheconomicgrowthandenvironmentalstewardship.”可知，集成式方法旨在平衡經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護，涉及采用可持續(xù)實踐、投資可再生能源以及實施鼓勵經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境保護政策的措施。文章強調(diào)這種方法的“平衡性”和“可持續(xù)性”，故選D（集成式方法尋求平衡經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護，并采用可持續(xù)實踐）。4.B*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第四段“CountrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavemadesignificantinvestmentsinrenewableenergy,resultinginbotheconomicgrowthandreducedcarbonemissions.”以及上下文可知，丹麥和德國投資可再生能源的例子支持了作者的論點，即“集成式方法能夠同時實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境保護”，因為它們的投資帶來了經(jīng)濟增長和碳排放減少的雙重成果，證明了這種方法的可行性。故選B（這些國家的例子證明了集成式方法能夠同時實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境保護）。5.E*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章最后一段“Despitethesesuccesses,challengesremain.Thetransitiontoamoresustainablemodelrequiressignificantinvestmentandchangesinbothpolicyandindividualbehavior.Furthermore,economicincentivesmaybeneededtoencouragebusinessesandconsumerstoadoptmoreenvironmentallyfriendlypractices.”可知，文章提到了三個挑戰(zhàn)：向更可持續(xù)模式的轉(zhuǎn)型需要大量投資、政策和個人行為的改變，以及可能需要經(jīng)濟激勵來鼓勵企業(yè)和消費者采取更環(huán)保的做法。故選E（轉(zhuǎn)型需要大量投資、政策和個人行為的改變，以及可能需要經(jīng)濟激勵）。Passage26.A*解析思路：*文章首段提出人工智能的興起引發(fā)了興奮和擔(dān)憂，第二段討論了人工智能的潛在益處，第三段探討了就業(yè)方面的擔(dān)憂，第四段討論了隱私問題，最后一段提出需要平衡的方法。文章圍繞人工智能的“雙刃劍”特性展開，即其帶來的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)，故選A（文章主要討論了人工智能的興起及其帶來的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)）。7.C*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第二段“AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumans,helpingtodiagnosediseasesearlierandmoreeffectively.Intransportation,self-drivingcarshavethepotentialtoreduceaccidentsandimprovetrafficflow.”可知，人工智能在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域可以通過更準(zhǔn)確地分析醫(yī)學(xué)影像來幫助早期診斷疾病，在交通領(lǐng)域，自動駕駛汽車有可能減少事故并改善交通流量。故選C（在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域通過更準(zhǔn)確地分析醫(yī)學(xué)影像幫助早期診斷疾病，在交通領(lǐng)域，自動駕駛汽車有可能減少事故并改善交通流量）。8.B*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第三段“AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyarelikelytotakeovertasksthatwerepreviouslyperformedbyhumans.Whilenewjobswillundoubtedlybecreated,thereisariskthattheskillsrequiredforthesenewroleswillbeverydifferentfromthosethatarecurrentlyindemand.Thiscouldleadtosignificanteconomicdisruptionandinequalityifappropriatemeasuresarenottakentosupportworkersduringthistransition.”可知，人工智能系統(tǒng)的日益復(fù)雜可能導(dǎo)致取代previouslyperformedbyhumans的任務(wù)，而新工作崗位所需的技能可能與當(dāng)前需求不同，這可能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟動蕩和不平等。文章主要關(guān)注的是工作技能不匹配和失業(yè)風(fēng)險帶來的經(jīng)濟和社會問題。故選B（工作技能不匹配和失業(yè)風(fēng)險）。9.D*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第四段“EnsuringtheethicaluseofAIwillrequirerobustdataprotectionregulationsandtransparencyinhowAIsystemsaredevelopedanddeployed.”可知，為了確保人工智能的合乎道德使用，需要強有力的數(shù)據(jù)保護法規(guī)以及人工智能系統(tǒng)開發(fā)和部署過程的透明度。這直接指出了通過法規(guī)和透明度來保護隱私的方法。故選D（通過強有力的數(shù)據(jù)保護法規(guī)和透明度）。10.F*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章最后一段“Educationandtrainingprogramswillbecrucialinhelpingworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket,whileregulationsandethicalguidelineswillbenecessarytoprotectprivacyandensuretheresponsibleuseofAI.”以及“Furthermore,fosteringacultureofinnovationthatismindfulofethical,social,andenvironmentalconsiderations”可知，文章建議采取多方面措施，包括教育培訓(xùn)、法規(guī)和道德準(zhǔn)則，以及培養(yǎng)考慮倫理、社會和環(huán)境因素的創(chuàng)新文化，來平衡人工智能的發(fā)展。故選F（需要多方面措施，包括教育、法規(guī)、道德和文化建設(shè)）。Passage311.C*解析思路：*文章首段提出遠(yuǎn)程工作的興起，第二段討論了遠(yuǎn)程工作的好處，第三段指出了遠(yuǎn)程工作的挑戰(zhàn)，第四段提出了公司可以采取的措施，最后一段討論了個人偏好的影響。文章主要圍繞遠(yuǎn)程工作的“利弊”及其“管理”展開，故選C（文章主要討論了遠(yuǎn)程工作的好處、挑戰(zhàn)以及如何有效管理遠(yuǎn)程工作）。12.A*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第二段“Workingfromhomeallowsindividualstobetterbalancetheirworkandpersonallives,reducingstressandimprovingoverallwell-being.Additionally,remoteworkcanleadtocostsavingsforbothemployeesandemployers.Employeessaveoncommutingexpenses,andemployerscanreducecostsassociatedwithofficespaceandutilities.”可知，遠(yuǎn)程工作使個人能夠更好地平衡工作和生活，減少壓力并提高整體福祉，并為員工和雇主節(jié)省成本。故選A（使個人能夠更好地平衡工作和生活，減少壓力并提高整體福祉，并為員工和雇主節(jié)省成本）。13.B*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第三段“Despitethesebenefits,remoteworkisnotwithoutitschallenges.Communicationcanbemoredifficultwhenteammembersarenotphysicallypresent,leadingtopotentialmisunderstandingsanddecreasedcollaboration.Managersalsofacethechallengeofmaintainingteammoraleandensuringthatremoteemployeesfeelengagedandsupported.Furthermore,thereisariskthatremoteworkcouldexacerbateexistinginequalities,asnotallemployeeshaveequalaccesstothenecessarytechnologyorasuitableworkenvironment.”可知，文章提到了溝通困難、團隊合作減少、團隊士氣維持、員工參與度、以及加劇現(xiàn)有不平等（技術(shù)或工作環(huán)境獲取不平等）等挑戰(zhàn)。故選B（溝通困難、團隊合作減少、團隊士氣維持問題以及加劇現(xiàn)有不平等的風(fēng)險）。14.E*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章第四段“Companiesneedtoimplementeffectiveremoteworkpoliciesandprovidethenecessarytoolsandsupportfortheiremployees.Thisincludesinvestingincommunicationplatformsthatfacilitatecollaboration,offeringtrainingprogramstohelpemployeesadapttoremotework,andestablishingclearexpectationsandperformancemetrics.”可知，公司需要實施有效的遠(yuǎn)程工作政策，并提供必要的工具和支持，包括投資于促進(jìn)協(xié)作的溝通平臺、提供幫助員工適應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)程工作的培訓(xùn)項目，以及建立明確的工作期望和績效指標(biāo)。故選E（實施有效的遠(yuǎn)程工作政策，并提供必要的工具和支持，如溝通平臺、培訓(xùn)項目以及明確的工作期望和績效指標(biāo)）。15.D*解析思路：*根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thesuccessofremoteworkalsodependsontheindividualcapabilitiesandpreferencesofemployees.Someindividualsthriveinaremoteworkenvironment,whileothersmayfinditisolatingorchallengingtostaymotivated.Companiesshouldbemindfulofthesedifferencesandprovideoptionsthatallowemployeestochoosetheworkarrangementthatbestsuitstheirneeds.”可知，遠(yuǎn)程工作的成功也取決于員工個人的能力和偏好，一些人適合遠(yuǎn)程工作環(huán)境，而另一些人可能會感到孤立或難以保持動力。公司應(yīng)注意這些差異，并提供選擇最適合他們需求的工作安排的選項。故選D（取決于員工個人的能力和偏好，一些人適合遠(yuǎn)程工作環(huán)境，而另一些人可能會感到孤立或難以保持動力）。Translation譯文：技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展從根本上改變了我們的生活方式、工作方式以及彼此互動的方式。從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和智能手機到人工智能和生物技術(shù)，這些創(chuàng)新在社會的幾乎所有方面都帶來了前所未有的變化。盡管這些進(jìn)步無疑以許多方式改善了我們的生活，但它們也帶來了我們必須面對和克服的新挑戰(zhàn)。技術(shù)進(jìn)步對勞動力市場的影響最為顯著。自動化和人工智能取代了許多傳統(tǒng)工作，同時也創(chuàng)造了需要不同技能的新工作。這種轉(zhuǎn)變要求重新評估教育體系，并重點關(guān)注終身學(xué)習(xí)，以確保工人能夠適應(yīng)不斷變化的就業(yè)市場需求。此外，人們還擔(dān)心那些擁有在新技術(shù)環(huán)境中取得成功所需技能的人和那些沒有這些人之間日益擴大的差距，這可能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟不平等加劇。另一個主要的挑戰(zhàn)是新技術(shù)帶來的道德和社會影響。數(shù)據(jù)隱私、監(jiān)控以及人工智能的潛在濫用等問題引發(fā)了關(guān)于個人權(quán)利和社會價值觀的嚴(yán)重關(guān)切。隨著技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，制定促進(jìn)負(fù)責(zé)任創(chuàng)新和保護個人及社區(qū)福祉的框架和法規(guī)至關(guān)重要。此外，技術(shù)進(jìn)步的環(huán)境影響也不容忽視。電子設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)和處置、數(shù)據(jù)中心的能源消耗以及對稀有礦物的依賴都對環(huán)境造成了破壞。為了減輕這些影響，必須開發(fā)更可持續(xù)的技術(shù)和實踐，以最大限度地減少浪費并降低我們的碳足跡。Writing范文：Somepeoplearguethatgovernmentsshouldallocatemorefundstoimproveroadsandhighwaysratherthaninvestinpublictransportation.Frommyperspective,Idisagreewiththisviewforseveralreasons.Firstly,investinginpublictransportationofferslong-termbenefitsthatoutweightheimmediateimprovementsofroadinfrastructure.Publictran