高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省白銀市會(huì)寧縣某中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAreyoufightingforyourdreams?Doyouwanttogetsomeinspirationfromothers’journeys?Ifso,don’tmissthefollowingbooks.OutliersMalcolmGladwell’sOutliersexplorersthefactorsthatcontributetosuccess.Throughfascinatingcasestudies,Gladwellarguesthatsuccessisnotonlytheresultofindividualtalentbutalsoacombinationofopportunity,timing,andhardwork.Thisbookisperfectforanyoneseekingtounderstandthesecretsbehindextraordinaryachievements.TheGlassCastleJeannetteWalls’inspiringmemoir(回憶錄),TheGlassCastle,describesherpoorchildhoodinanunstableenvironment,highlightingthestrengthneededtoovercomeadversity.Thisbookisidealforthosewhowanttounderstandhumanresilienceandthejourneytowardself-acceptanceandhealing.TheRoadLessTraveledM.ScottPeck’sTheRoadLessTraveledisapowerfulguidetopersonalgrowthandspiritualdevelopment.Itdiscussesthechallengesoflivingameaningfullifeandoffersinsightsondealingwithsuffering,theimportanceofdiscipline,andspiritualmaturity.Thisbookhelpsreadersfindinnerstrengthandliveamorefulfillinglife.AtomicHabitsJamesClear’sAtomicHabitsisapracticalguidetobuildinggoodhabitsandbreakingbadones.Clearprovidesactionablestrategiesformakingsmallchangesthatleadtosignificantimprovementsinlife.Thisbookisperfectforanyonelookingtocreatelastingchangeandachievetheirgoals.1.WhatdoesthebookOutlierswriteaboutsuccess?A.Itisacombinationoffactors. B.Itdependsonpersonaltalent.C.Itisaboutunderstandingsecrets. D.Itmeansextraordinaryachievements.2.Whichauthorgrewupinpoverty?A.MalcolmGladwell. B.JeannetteWalls.C.M.ScottPeck. D.JamesClear.3.Whatisthecommonthemeofthefourbooks?A.Entertainment. B.Historicalfacts.C.Self-development. D.Scientificresearch.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幫助個(gè)人提升，實(shí)現(xiàn)自我發(fā)展的四本書(shū)：MalcolmGladwell的《Outliers》，JeannetteWalls的《TheGlassCastle》，M.ScottPeck的《TheRoadLessTraveled》，以及JamesClear的《AtomicHabits》。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Outliers部分內(nèi)容“Throughfascinatingcasestudies,Gladwellarguesthatsuccessisnotonlytheresultofindividualtalentbutalsoacombinationofopportunity,timing,andhardwork.(通過(guò)引人入勝的案例研究，Gladwell認(rèn)為成功不僅是個(gè)人天賦的結(jié)果，也是機(jī)會(huì)、時(shí)機(jī)和努力的結(jié)合。)”可知，在書(shū)中，成功被描述為個(gè)人天賦，機(jī)會(huì)，時(shí)機(jī)以及努力多種因素的綜合體。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheGlassCastle部分內(nèi)容“JeannetteWalls’inspiringmemoir,TheGlassCastle,describesherpoorchildhoodinanunstableenvironment,highlightingthestrengthneededtoovercomeadversity.(JeannetteWalls的鼓舞人心的回憶錄《TheGlassCastle》描述了她在不穩(wěn)定環(huán)境中的貧窮童年，強(qiáng)調(diào)了克服逆境所需的力量。)”可知，《TheGlassCastle》的作者JeannetteWall的童年經(jīng)歷了貧窮，不穩(wěn)定。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通過(guò)閱讀文章內(nèi)容，根據(jù)書(shū)籍描述中關(guān)鍵詞句可知，“Outliers”中“understandthesecretsbehindextraordinaryachievements(了解非凡成就背后的秘密)”可知，該書(shū)探討成功因素，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人成就；“TheGlassCastle”中“highlightingthestrengthneededtoovercomeadversity(強(qiáng)調(diào)克服逆境所需的力量)”可知，該書(shū)關(guān)注克服逆境和個(gè)人韌性；“TheRoadLessTraveled”中“apowerfulguidetopersonalgrowthandspiritualdevelopment(個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和精神發(fā)展的有力指南)”可知，該書(shū)聚焦個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和精神發(fā)展；“AtomicHabits”中內(nèi)容“apracticalguidetobuildinggoodhabitsandbreakingbadones(養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣和改掉壞習(xí)慣的實(shí)用指南)”可知，該書(shū)提供自我改進(jìn)的實(shí)用策略。由此推知，所有書(shū)都涉及個(gè)人提升、自我發(fā)展和克服挑戰(zhàn)，即，它們的共同主題是自我發(fā)展（self-development）。故選C項(xiàng)。BZouBin,27,abuildingworkerfromXinhua,Hunanprovince,wasthefirstChinesetobeawardedfirstprizeforhissplendidbricklayingtechniqueattheWorldSkillsCompetitionin2015.Zou’sstoryofconstructionbeganinhisearlychildhoodwhenheplayedataconstructionsitewherehisparentsmadealiving,reportedCCTV.Ashegrewolder,heassistedthemwiththeirwork.“Atfirst,Iwasjusthelpingthemmovethebricksandmixmortar(砂漿).Lateron,Istartedlearningtheskill,”ZoutoldChinaDaily.Fromthemomenthebecameabuildingworker,Zousetstrictstandardsforhimselftobuildeverywallperfectly,brickbybrick.AccordingtoZou,themorewallsworkersbuild,themoremoneytheywillget.“ButifI’mnotsatisfiedwithmywork,Iwouldpushitoverandredoit.MyfellowworkerswouldragmethatnomatterhowwellIdo,Iwouldn’tgetextrapayforthat.ButIwantedtosetthebarhighformyself,”saidthe27-year-oldtoChinaDaily.Thisworkingphilosophyissurelypartofthefactorsthatcontributedtohispresentglory.Whenpreparingforthecompetition,henotonlypracticedforovertenhoursduringtheday,butalsolearnedtoreaddifferentdiagramsatnight,determiningtobuildthebestwallwithallhecan.Evenifhishandswerefullofblisters(水泡),hedidn’tstop.Finallyhegotonthestageandwonamedalathisfirstshow,reportedChinaDaily.Althoughhewascrownedasaworldchampion,Zouisquitehumbleinlife.Callinghimselfanordinarymigrantworker,hesaidtherearemanymoreoutstandingcraftsmenoutthere.Zouisonlyonerepresentativeofthetensofthousandsofconstructionworkerswhopursueexcellenceintheirwork.4.WhatdoweknowaboutZou?A.Helearnedbuildingskillsfromhisparents.B.Hewasforcedtoworkatayoungage.C.Hisparentsencouragedhimtobeabricklayer.D.Hewonamedalataninternationalcompetition.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Zou’scareerplan. B.Zou’sattitudetowardhisjob.C.Zou’scolleague’sopinionsofhim. D.Zou’sefforttowardthecompetition.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rag”mean?A.Congratulate. B.Laughat. C.Showgratitudeto. D.Follow.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZou?A.Creativeandstrict. B.Hardworkingandhumorous.C.Determinedandmodest. D.Socialandambitious.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹一名叫鄒彬的普通工人在平凡的刷墻工作中實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，超越自我并獲得國(guó)際大獎(jiǎng)的勵(lì)志故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ZouBin,27,abuildingworkerfromXinhua,Hunanprovince,wasthefirstChinesetobeawardedfirstprizeforhissplendidbricklayingtechniqueattheWorldSkillsCompetitionin2015.(鄒彬，27歲，來(lái)自湖南省新化市的一名建筑工人，是第一位在2015年世界技能大賽上因其出色的砌磚技術(shù)而獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)人)”可知，鄒彬在一次國(guó)際比賽中獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。故選D。【5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“Fromthemomenthebecameabuildingworker,Zousetstrictstandardsforhimselftobuildeverywallperfectly,brickbybrick.(從成為一名建筑工人的那一刻起，鄒彬就為自己制定了嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一磚一瓦地把每一面墻都砌得完美無(wú)瑕)”以及鄒彬說(shuō)的話“ButifI’mnotsatisfiedwithmywork,Iwouldpushitoverandredoit.MyfellowworkerswouldragmethatnomatterhowwellIdo,Iwouldn’tgetextrapayforthat.ButIwantedtosetthebarhighformyself(但如果我對(duì)自己的工作不滿意，我會(huì)把它推倒重來(lái)。我的同事會(huì)rag我，無(wú)論我做得多好，我都不會(huì)因此得到額外的報(bào)酬。但我想為自己設(shè)定更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”可知，第三段主要講述鄒彬?qū)ψ约汗ぷ鲬B(tài)度的要求嚴(yán)格。故選B。【6題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句話“AccordingtoZou,themorewallsworkersbuild,themoremoneytheywillget.(鄒彬說(shuō)，工人們建的墻越多，他們得到的錢就越多)”以及鄒彬說(shuō)的話“ButifI’mnotsatisfiedwithmywork,Iwouldpushitoverandredoit.(但如果我對(duì)自己的工作不滿意，我會(huì)把它推倒重來(lái))”可知，工人的報(bào)酬是由他們所建造的墻的數(shù)量決定的，但是當(dāng)鄒彬不滿意自己的工作時(shí)，他會(huì)推倒墻重做。由此可推知他的工友會(huì)嘲笑他無(wú)論他做的多好，都不會(huì)多拿錢。所以劃線單詞的意思為“嘲笑”。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話“Whenpreparingforthecompetition,henotonlypracticedforovertenhoursduringtheday,butalsolearnedtoreaddifferentdiagramsatnight,determiningtobuildthebestwallwithallhecan.(在準(zhǔn)備比賽時(shí)，他不僅白天練習(xí)了十幾個(gè)小時(shí)，晚上還學(xué)會(huì)了閱讀不同的圖表，決心竭盡全力建造最好的墻)”以及最后一段第一句話“Althoughhewascrownedasaworldchampion,Zouisquitehumbleinlife.(雖然鄒彬是世界冠軍，但他在生活中還是很謙虛的)”可推知，鄒彬是一個(gè)意志力堅(jiān)強(qiáng)但是又很謙虛的人。故選C。CItsrecommendationsarebasedonacriticalassessmentofcurrentshortcomingsintheresearchonhowdigitaltechnologiesimpactyoungpeople’smentalhealth,andanin-techanalysisofthechallengesunderlyingthoseshortcomings.Thepaper,FromSocialMediatoArtificialIntelligence:ImprovingResearchonDigitalHarmsinYouth,callsforacriticalre-evaluationofhowwestudytheimpactofInternet-basedtechnologresonyoungpeople’smentalhealth,andoutlineswherefutureresearchcanlearnfromseveralpitfallsofsocialmediaresearch.“ResearchontheeffectsofAI,aswellasevidenceforpolicymakersandadviceforcaregivers,mustlearnfromtheissuesthathavefacedsocialmediaresearch,”saidDrKarenManted,postcardresearcherattheOHIandleadauthorofthepaper.“You’llfindpeoplehasalreadybeenadoptingnewwaysofinteractingwithAI,andwithoutasolidframeworkforcooperationbetweenstakeholders(利益相關(guān)者),evidence-basedpolicyonAIwillfallbehind,asitdidforsocialmedia.”Thepaperdescribeshowtheimpactofsocialmediaisofteninterpretedasoneisolatecausalfactor,whichneglectsdifferenttypesofsocialmediause,aswellascontextualfactorthatinfluencebothtechnologyuseandmentalhealth.Withoutrethinkingthisapproach,futureresearchonAIrisksgettingcaughtupinanewmediapanic,asitdidforsocialmedia.“Wearecallingforacooperativeevidencebasedframeworkthatwillholdbigteapotaccountableinamoreproactiveandinformationalway,”saidProfessorAndrewDrbykik.USProfessorofHumanBehaviourandTechnology.“Withoutbuildingonpastlessonsintenyears,wecouldbebacktosquareone,viewingtheplaceofAIinthesamewaywefeelhelplessaboutsocialmediaandsmartphones,WehavetotakeactivestepsnowsothatAIcanbesafeandbeneficialtochildrenandadolescents.”8.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecurrentframeworkforAlresearchfromparagraph1?A.Itprioritizesadultusersoveradolescents.B.Itdirectschildren’sinteractionwithAIwell.C.Itneedsstructuredguidelinestoprotecttheyouth.D.Itfocusesmainlyontraditionalmediaplatforms.9.Whydoesthepapercallfora“criticalre-evaluation”?A.ToassesstheimpactofAIontheyouth.B.Toexpandtheuseofdigitaltechnologies.C.Toenhanceresearchondigitaldevelopment.D.Toinformpolicymakersofdigitaltechnologies.10.WhatmayhappenifstakeholdersfailtocooperateonAIresearch?A.AdolescentswillrejectAItechnologiesentirely.B.AIpolicieswillenhancesocialmediaregulations.C.CaregiverswillreceivemoreaccurateadviceaboutAI.D.Policymakerswillfailtogiveevidence-basedguidance.11.WhatdoesProfessorPrzybylskistressinthelastparagraph?A.Enhancingparentalcontrols.B.Cooperationbetweenstakeholders.C.Completeremovalofdigitaldevices.D.Prioritizingmentalhealthevaluations.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。主要討論了數(shù)字技術(shù)（如社交媒體和人工智能）對(duì)青少年心理健康的影響研究現(xiàn)狀，指出了當(dāng)前研究的不足，并呼吁建立基于證據(jù)的合作框架，以避免重蹈社交媒體研究的覆轍，確保AI技術(shù)對(duì)青少年的安全性和益處?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Itsrecommendationsarebasedonacriticalassessmentofcurrentshortcomingsintheresearchonhowdigitaltechnologiesimpactyoungpeople’smentalhealth,and

anin-techanalysisofthechallengesunderlyingthoseshortcomings.(其建議是基于對(duì)數(shù)字技術(shù)如何影響年輕人心理健康的研究中目前存在的缺陷進(jìn)行的批判性評(píng)估，以及對(duì)這些缺陷背后的挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行的技術(shù)分析)”及最后一段“Wearecallingforacooperativeevidencebasedframeworkthatwillholdbigteaaccountableinamoreproactiveandinformationalway.(我們呼吁建立一個(gè)合作性的基于證據(jù)的框架，以更積極主動(dòng)和提供信息的方式對(duì)大團(tuán)隊(duì)問(wèn)責(zé))”可知，首段指出當(dāng)前研究存在不足，后文呼吁結(jié)構(gòu)化框架，暗示需要完善指南來(lái)保護(hù)青少年。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepaper,FromSocialMediatoArtificialIntelligence:ImprovingResearchonDigitalHarmsinYouth,callsforacritical

re-evaluation

ofhowwestudytheimpactofInternet-basedtechnologresonyoungpeople’smentalhealth(這篇題為《從社交媒體到人工智能：改進(jìn)對(duì)青少年數(shù)字危害的研究》的論文呼吁對(duì)我們?nèi)绾窝芯炕诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)的技術(shù)對(duì)年輕人心理健康的影響進(jìn)行批判性的重新評(píng)估)”可知，重新評(píng)估的目的是改進(jìn)對(duì)青少年影響的現(xiàn)有研究方式，評(píng)估人工智能對(duì)青少年的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“You’llfindpeoplehasalreadybeenadoptingnewwaysofinteractingwithAI,andwithoutasolidframework forcelebrationbetweenstakeholders(利益相關(guān)者),evidence-basedpolicyonAIwillfallbehind,asitdidforsocialmedia”(你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)人們已經(jīng)采用了與人工智能互動(dòng)的新方式，如果利益相關(guān)者之間沒(méi)有一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的合作框架，基于證據(jù)的人工智能政策就會(huì)落后，就像社交媒體一樣)”可知，利益相關(guān)者不合作將導(dǎo)致政策缺乏證據(jù)支持，與D項(xiàng)“政策制定者無(wú)法提供基于證據(jù)的指導(dǎo)”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wearecallingforacooperativeevidencebasedframeworkthatwillholdbigteaaccountableinamoreproactiveandinformationalway.（我們呼吁建立一個(gè)合作性的基于證據(jù)的框架，以更積極主動(dòng)和提供信息的方式對(duì)大團(tuán)隊(duì)問(wèn)責(zé))”及“WehavetotakeactivestepsnowsothatAIcanbesafeandbeneficialtochildrenandadolescents.(我們現(xiàn)在必須采取積極措施，使人工智能對(duì)兒童和青少年安全有益）”可知，教授強(qiáng)調(diào)的核心是利益相關(guān)者合作建立框架，B項(xiàng)“利益相關(guān)者間合作”最貼合。故選B項(xiàng)?！尽狐c(diǎn)石成金』】DResearchersattheUniversityofSouthamptonhaveproposedthatsomewildplantspeciespossesscertainattributeswhichmakethemmoresuitableforhumancultivation(栽培)thanothers.Thescientists,investigatingtheoriginsofdomesticated(馴化的)plants,sayunderstandingthesekeygeneticandmorphological(形態(tài)學(xué)的)propertiesmayprovideimportantcluesabouthowtodevelopfuture,climatechangeadaptedcrops.Theysuggestthatlookingattoday’sexistingdomesticatedplantscouldhelpmeetfuturechallengesofdevelopingvarietiestoresistrisingglobaltemperaturesandunpredictableweather.Domesticatedplantsarethosewhichhavebeenadaptedfromthewildforhumanuse,oftenoverthousandsofyears.Around12thousandyearsago,hunter-gatherersocietiesbegancultivatingawiderangeofspeciesasmorereliablesourcesoffood.Byrepeatedlygrowingseedsfromtheirbestplantseachseason,humansslowlyproducedstrongercropswithimprovedoutput—butonlysomeofthewildspeciesweredomesticatedandotherswereabandoned.Theresearchersbehindthisnewstudysayuseful,hiddenpropertiesinsomewildspeciespreparedthemfordomestication.Theirresearchreviewsahostofpastliteratureandevidencetoexaminewhyjustaminorityofthesewildplantsweredomesticatedandhowmoderncultivatedvarietiesdifferatageneticlevelfromtheirancestorsandpresent-daywild“cousins”.Leadauthorofthestudy,ProfessorMarkChapmanoftheUniversityofSouthampton,explains,“Tensofthousandsofplantspeciesareeatable,yetjustafewhundredhavebeendomesticatedandamere15speciesprovide90percentofourcalories.HundredsofwildplantswerecollectedduringtheNeolithicPeriodbyhumans,butwerelaterabandonedasfoodsources.Wehaveexploredwhichgeneticorphysicaltraitsfacilitatedorconstrainedthedomesticationofwildspecies.”Thescientistsconcludethatpresent-daywildplants,underusedcropsinlocalcommunities,orpartiallydomesticatedspeciesmayholdkey,usefultraitswhichcanbecontrolledthroughselectionandprecisionbreeding.Theyhopetheirstudywillhelpinformfutureworktoadaptspecieswiththeaimofimprovingourfoodsecurityinafast-changingworldclimate.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“attributes”meaninparagraph1?A.Varieties. B.Alternatives. C.Properties. D.Qualifications.13.Whatdidthedomesticationprocesssuggestabouthumanselection?A.Outputimprovementwaskeyincultivation.B.Humansprioritizedplantswithrapidgrowth.C.Hunter-gatherersavoidedplantcultivationinitially.D.Allwildspecieswereequallysuitablefordomestication.14.WhatistheultimategoaloftheresearchconductedbytheUniversityofSouthampton?A.Toincreasedomesticatedplantspecies.B.Toensurefoodsecurityinclimatechange.C.Toidentifythemostnutritiouswildplants.D.Topreservethegeneticdiversityofwildplants.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ClimateChangeImpactsandFuturecropStrategiesB.TheDomesticationofWildPlantsandFoodSecurityC.TheGeneticsofWildPlantsandTheirDiverseAttributesD.TheHistoryofCultivationandHunter-gatherers’Practices【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了南安普頓大學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)部分野生植物因特定屬性更易馴化，其基因和形態(tài)特征或助培育適應(yīng)氣候變化的作物，保障糧食安全?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“whichmakethemmoresuitableforhumancultivation(栽培)thanothers(使得它們比其他植物更適合人類的栽培)”可知，某些野生植物比其他植物更適合人類的栽培，說(shuō)明了某些野生植物具有某些獨(dú)特的特性。故劃線詞意思是“特性”，與“Properties(屬性，特性)”意思相近。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Byrepeatedlygrowingseedsfromtheirbestplantseachseason,humansslowlyproducedstrongercropswithimprovedoutput—butonlysomeofthewildspeciesweredomesticatedandotherswereabandoned.(通過(guò)每年在最佳植株上重復(fù)播種種子，人類逐漸培育出了更強(qiáng)壯且產(chǎn)量更高的作物——但只有部分野生物種被馴化，而其他一些則被遺棄了)”可知，馴化過(guò)程表明人類選擇的重點(diǎn)是在種植過(guò)程中，產(chǎn)量的提高是關(guān)鍵因素。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theyhopetheirstudywillhelpinformfutureworktoadaptspecieswiththeaimofimprovingourfoodsecurityinafast-changingworldclimate.(他們希望他們的研究能夠?yàn)槲磥?lái)的工作提供參考，從而幫助物種適應(yīng)環(huán)境，目的是在快速變化的世界氣候中改善我們的糧食安全)”可知，南安普敦大學(xué)所開(kāi)展的研究的最終目標(biāo)是以確保在氣候變化背景下的人類糧食安全。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthamptonhaveproposedthatsomewildplantspeciespossesscertainattributeswhichmakethemmoresuitableforhumancultivation(栽培)thanothers.Thescientists,investigatingtheoriginsofdomesticated(馴化的)plants,sayunderstandingthesekeygeneticandmorphological(形態(tài)學(xué)的)propertiesmayprovideimportantcluesabouthowtodevelopfuture,climatechangeadaptedcrops.(南安普敦大學(xué)的研究人員提出，某些野生植物具有某些獨(dú)特的特性，使得它們比其他植物更適合人類的栽培。這些科學(xué)家在研究馴化植物的起源時(shí)指出，了解這些關(guān)鍵的基因和形態(tài)學(xué)特征或許能為開(kāi)發(fā)適應(yīng)氣候變化的未來(lái)作物提供重要線索)”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞野生植物的馴化展開(kāi)，探討了馴化過(guò)程中人類的選擇、野生植物的特性，以及研究的目的是為了在氣候變化中保障糧食安全。由此推斷，B選項(xiàng)“野生植物的馴化與糧食安全”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Flyingforthefirsttimecanbebothexcitingandtense.____16____,knowingwhattoexpectandhowtopreparecanmakeyourfirstflightasmoothandenjoyableexperience.Herearesomeessentialtipstohelpyougetreadyforyourfirstflight.Preparethoroughlybeforeyourflight____17____.Researchtheairline’spoliciesregardingbaggageallowancesandthespecificrequirementsforyourdestination.Packsmartly,keepinginmindtheessentialsyou’llneedduringyourtrip.Makesuretobringyouridentification,tickets,andthenecessarytraveldocuments.Ifyou’retravelinginternationally,double-checkvisarequirementsandensureyourpassportisvalid.FamiliarizeyourselfwithairportproceduresAirportscanbebusyandconfusingplaces,especiallyifyou’reafirst-timeflyer.____18____Manyairportshaveonlineguidesthatcanhelpyoufindtheterminal(航站樓).Understandthesecuritycheckpointprocessandbepreparedtoremoveitemsforinspection.____19____Airtravelcanbetiring,soit’simportanttoprioritizeyourcomfort.Bringatravelpillowandblankettohelpyousleep,andconsiderwearingnoise-cancelingheadphonestoblockoutenginenoise.Takeadvantageofin-flightentertainmentoptions,butalsobringyourownbooks,magazines,orelectronicdevicestokeepyouoccupied.Ifyougetairsick,considertakingsomemedications.ManageanxietyandenjoytheexperienceIt’snormaltofeelanxiousaboutflying,especiallyifit’syourfirsttime.Trytostaycalmandremindyourselfthatairtravelisoneofthesafestformsoftransportation.Practicedeepbreathingexercisestohelpmanageanynervousness.Engagewithyourfellowpassengersandflightcrew.Theycanofferreassuranceandmaketheexperiencemoreenjoyable.____20____.A.InordertohaveanicetripB.StaycomfortableduringtheflightC.TakeyournecessaryitemswithyouD.YouneedtoknowthestructureoftheairportE.YoucanstartbyunderstandingthebasicsofairtravelF.Whetheryou’retravelingforbusinessorvisitingfamilyG.Finally,lookoutofthewindowandenjoytheuniqueview【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.B20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了首次乘機(jī)的準(zhǔn)備事項(xiàng)與建議?！?6題詳析】上文“Flyingforthefirsttimecanbebothexcitingandtense.(第一次飛行既令人興奮又緊張)”說(shuō)明首次乘機(jī)的復(fù)雜感受?？仗幷f(shuō)明無(wú)論何種出行目的，提前準(zhǔn)備都能提升體驗(yàn)。所以F項(xiàng)“Whetheryou’retravelingforbusinessorvisitingfamily(無(wú)論你是出差還是探親)”與后文“knowingwhattoexpectandhowtopreparecanmakeyourfirstflightasmoothandenjoyableexperience(知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么以及如何準(zhǔn)備可以讓你的第一次飛行順利愉快)”構(gòu)成順接關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳析】本段主題是“Preparethoroughlybeforeyourflight(飛行前充分準(zhǔn)備)”，下文“Researchtheairline’spoliciesregardingbaggageallowancesandthespecificrequirementsforyourdestination.(研究航空公司關(guān)于行李限額的政策以及目的地的具體要求)”說(shuō)明需要提前了解航空旅行的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。空處和后文為順接關(guān)系，E項(xiàng)“Youcanstartbyunderstandingthebasicsofairtravel(你可以從了解航空旅行的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)開(kāi)始)”作為段首句，引出下文對(duì)航空公司政策、行李打包等準(zhǔn)備工作的介紹，與“準(zhǔn)備”主題呼應(yīng)，其中“basics”對(duì)應(yīng)后文“policies”和“requirements”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳析】上文“Airportscanbebusyandconfusingplaces,especiallyifyou’reafirst-timeflyer.(機(jī)場(chǎng)可能是繁忙而混亂的地方，尤其是對(duì)于第一次乘飛機(jī)的人來(lái)說(shuō))”說(shuō)明首次乘機(jī)者需要熟悉機(jī)場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)。空處和前文為順接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“Youneedtoknowthestructureoftheairport(你需要了解機(jī)場(chǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu))”承接上文，且與后文“找到航站樓”呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明熟悉機(jī)場(chǎng)流程的具體內(nèi)容，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)需掌握機(jī)場(chǎng)布局，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?9題詳析】空處為段落主旨句。下文“Airtravelcanbetiring,soit’simportanttoprioritizeyourcomfort.(航空旅行可能會(huì)很累，所以優(yōu)先考慮舒適度很重要)”說(shuō)明本段圍繞飛行中的舒適性展開(kāi)。B項(xiàng)“Staycomfortableduringtheflight(飛行中保持舒適)”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?0題詳析】本段建議“Manageanxietyandenjoytheexperience(緩解焦慮，享受飛行體驗(yàn))”，上文“Engagewithyourfellowpassengersandflightcrew.Theycanofferreassuranceandmaketheexperiencemoreenjoyable.(與乘客和機(jī)組人員互動(dòng)。他們可以讓你安心，讓體驗(yàn)更愉快)”說(shuō)明互動(dòng)能緩解焦慮。G項(xiàng)“Finally,lookoutofthewindowandenjoytheuniqueview(最后，看看窗外，欣賞獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景)”提出通過(guò)欣賞窗外景色進(jìn)一步享受飛行，是享受飛行的具體做法，作為結(jié)尾句符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)Inaremarkabledisplayofresilienceandthepowerofcommunity,17-year-oldAlexThompsonhastriumphedoversignificantchallengestobecomeaninspirationforhispeers.Growingupinasingle-parenthousehold,Alex____21____financialhardships.Hismother,afactoryworker,barelymadeendsmeet,leaving____22____roomforeducationalresourcesorextracurricularactivities.Despitethese____23____,Alexwasdeterminedtosucceedacademically.Afterschool,he____24____groceriesatalocalsupermarketandmowedlawnsonweekends.However,thecombineddemandsofworkandstudygothisacademy____25____.Hisgradesstartedto____26____,andhewasonthevergeofgivingup.Thankfully,thecommunity____27____.ThelocalBoys&GirlsClubofferedAlexascholarshipfortutoring.Dedicatedvolunteershelpedhimwithmathandwriting,whilethelibraryprovidedfree____28____toeducationalresources.Withthisnew-foundsupport,Alex’s____29____performancebegantoturnaround.Andhejoinedthe_____30_____club,enhancinghispublicspeakingandcriticalthinkingskills.Alex’sstorytookanevenmore_____31_____turnwhenhewasselectedtoparticipateinarenownedSTEMsummercamp.There,hewas_____32_____tocutting-edgetechforthefirsttimeanddiscoveredhispassionforcomputerscience.Backatschool,hestartedacodingclub,whichquicklygrewin_____33_____.Now,ashenearshissenioryear,Alexhashissightssetoncollege.He’sappliedtotop-tieruniversities,dreamingofusinghisskillstohelpunderprivilegedcommunities.Ashesaid_____34_____,“Withmycommunity’shelp,I’veovercomechallengesandfoundmypassion.There’salways_____35_____.”21.A.witnessed B.suffered C.overcame D.obtained22.A.rough B.moderate C.little D.sufficient23.A.budgets B.limitations C.disasters D.obstacles24.A.purchased B.bagged C.operated D.donated25.A.compromised B.advanced C.ignored D.maintained26.A.grow B.slip C.quit D.cancel27.A.turnedup B.caughtup C.steppedin D.pulledover28.A.access B.approach C.entrance D.permission29.A.economic B.physical C.academic D.emotional30.A.music B.drama C.science D.debate31.A.positive B.permanent C.similar D.opposite32.A.committed B.exposed C.addicted D.related33.A.popularity B.inspiration C.tendency D.quantity34.A.attentively B.gratefully C.eagerly D.casually35.A.virtue B.happiness C.hope D.fortune【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.B25.A26.B27.C28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.A34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了17歲少年亞歷克斯?湯普森（AlexThompson）在單親家庭中克服經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，通過(guò)社區(qū)支持和自身努力實(shí)現(xiàn)人生轉(zhuǎn)折的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：成長(zhǎng)于單親家庭的Alex曾飽受經(jīng)濟(jì)困難之苦。A.witnessed目擊；B.suffered遭受；C.overcame克服；D.obtained獲得。根據(jù)下文“Hismother,afactoryworker,barelymadeendsmeet”可知，Alex的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的母親是一名工廠工人，勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)，幾乎沒(méi)有余力為他提供教育資源或課外活動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)。A.rough粗糙的；B.moderate適度的；C.little很少的；D.sufficient足夠的。根據(jù)下文“Hismother,afactoryworker,barelymadeendsmeet”可知，Alex的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，所以幾乎沒(méi)有錢用于教育資源或課外活動(dòng)。故選C。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨這些障礙，Alex仍決心在學(xué)業(yè)上取得成功。A.budgets預(yù)算；B.limitations限制；C.disasters災(zāi)難；D.obstacles障礙。根據(jù)上文“Hismother,afactoryworker,barelymadeendsmeet,leaving________roomforeducationalresourcesorextracurricularactivities.”可知，這些均為成長(zhǎng)中的障礙。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：放學(xué)后，他在當(dāng)?shù)爻胸?fù)責(zé)將食品裝袋，周末則幫人修剪草坪。A.purchased購(gòu)買；B.bagged把……裝進(jìn)袋子；C.operated操作；D.donated捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)“groceriesatalocalsupermarket”可知，Alex放學(xué)后在超市里給顧客把商品裝進(jìn)袋子。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，工作與學(xué)習(xí)的雙重壓力讓他的學(xué)業(yè)受到影響。A.compromised損害；B.advanced前進(jìn)；C.ignored忽視；D.maintained維持。根據(jù)下文“gradesstartedtoslip”可知，學(xué)業(yè)受到負(fù)面影響。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的成績(jī)開(kāi)始下滑，一度瀕臨放棄。A.grow成長(zhǎng)；B.slip下滑；C.quit停止；D.cancel取消。根據(jù)下文“andhewasonthevergeofgivingup.”可知，Alex的成績(jī)開(kāi)始下滑。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，社區(qū)介入了。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.caughtup趕上；C.steppedin介入；D.pulledover靠邊停車。根據(jù)下文“Boys&GirlsClubofferedascholarship”和“volunteershelped”可知，社區(qū)主動(dòng)介入幫助。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：敬業(yè)的志愿者幫助他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和寫作，而圖書(shū)館則免費(fèi)提供教育資源。A.access使用權(quán)；B.approach方法；C.entrance入口；D.permission允許。根據(jù)“educationalresources”可知，此處表示有使用圖書(shū)館的機(jī)會(huì)，accessto為固定搭配，意為“使用……的機(jī)會(huì)”。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有了這個(gè)新的支持，Alex的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)開(kāi)始好轉(zhuǎn)。A.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；B.physical身體的；C.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；D.emotional情感的。根據(jù)上文“Withthisnew-foundsupport”可知，Alex的成績(jī)開(kāi)始好轉(zhuǎn)。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他還加入了辯論俱樂(lè)部，提升了自己的公眾演講和批判性思維能力。A.music音樂(lè)；B.drama戲劇；C.science科學(xué)；D.debate辯論。根據(jù)下文“enhancinghispublicspeakingandcriticalthinkingskills”可知，Alex加入了辯論俱樂(lè)部。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他被選中參加一個(gè)著名的STEM夏令營(yíng)時(shí)，Alex的故事發(fā)生了更積極的轉(zhuǎn)變。A.positive積極的；B.permanent永久的；C.similar相似的；D.opposite相反的。根據(jù)下文“whenhewasselectedtoparticipateinarenownedSTEMsummercamp.”可知，Alex的故事發(fā)生了更積極的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他首次接觸到前沿科技，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的熱愛(ài)。A.committed犯罪；B.exposed暴露；C.addicted使上癮；D.related聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“cutting-edgetechforthefirsttime”可知，首次接觸前沿科技。beexposedto為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“接觸”。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回到學(xué)校后，他創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)編程俱樂(lè)部，這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部很快就流行起來(lái)。A.popularity流行；B.inspiration靈感；C.tendency趨勢(shì)；D.quantity數(shù)量。根據(jù)下文“He’sappliedtotop-tieruniversities,dreamingofusinghisskillstohelpunderprivilegedcommunities.”可知，Alex創(chuàng)辦的編程俱樂(lè)部很快就流行起來(lái)。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：正如他心懷感激地所說(shuō)：“在社區(qū)的幫助下，我克服了挑戰(zhàn)，找到了自己的熱情所在。希望永遠(yuǎn)存在?！盇.attentively注意地；B.gratefully感激地；C.eagerly渴望地；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)下文“Withmycommunity’shelp,I’veovercomechallengesandfoundmypassion.”可知，Alex感激地說(shuō)。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如他心懷感激地所說(shuō)：“在社區(qū)的幫助下，我克服了挑戰(zhàn)，找到了自己的熱情所在。希望永遠(yuǎn)存在。”A.virtue美德；B.happiness幸福；C.hope希望；D.fortune運(yùn)氣。全文圍繞“困境中的堅(jiān)持與社區(qū)支持帶來(lái)的轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)”，結(jié)尾升華主題?！癶ope”（希望）呼應(yīng)亞歷克斯從絕望到找到人生方向的歷程。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AstheYearoftheSnakeiscelebrated,alleyesareonadazzlingdisplayofgongsanddrumsinOregon,USA.Thedrumteam,___36___(consist)ofmorethan40localsofChineseethnicitylivinginOregon,hascalleditselfthe“MulanTeam”,___37___(inspire)bythelegendaryChinesefemalewarriorHuaMulan.DongWenzhu,oneofthe___38___(found)ofthedrumline(鼓樂(lè)隊(duì)),cannotforgettheenduringapplausearoundthecourtafterthelastgroovefell.“IwanttotellpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundsthatChinais___39___birthplaceofpercussioninstruments,”saidDong,___40___hasbeenmakingculturalexchan