五年（2021-2025）高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1專題16完形填空（10空）考點(diǎn)五年考情（2021-2025）命題趨勢考點(diǎn)1人與自我類完形填空（5年3考）2025北京卷真正認(rèn)可來自高尚行為；2024北京卷--扮演音樂劇主角的機(jī)會(huì)；2022北京卷—男孩上學(xué)去晚被關(guān)門外。1.主題以人與自我為主，兼顧人與社會(huì)。2.話題廣泛，貼近學(xué)生，貼近生活。3.熟詞生義考查是完形填空備考難點(diǎn)和薄弱點(diǎn)，應(yīng)加以重視，需要長期積累。4.完形填空側(cè)重通過故事傳遞正能量，謳歌真善美，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀?？键c(diǎn)2人與社會(huì)類完形填空（5年2考）2023北京卷—老師幫助害羞女孩；2021北京卷—男子救下爬床男孩?？键c(diǎn)01人與自我類完形填空【2025北京卷】閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.The1tostandoutconsumedme,pushingmetowardsaregrettabledecision.Oneday,duringaclassintheITlabwithmyclassmates,ourteachermentionedmissingcomputerparts.2looksexchanged,everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappenina(n)3lab.“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey,”Isaid.Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.ItwasarushIhadneverexperiencedbefore.Enjoyingalltheeyesonme,I4howtoopenthelock.LittledidIrealizethatsinglemomentwouldruineverything.Thefollowingday,calledtotheheadmaster’soffice,Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.“Ididn’tdoit,sir,”Iargued,butsuspicion5hiseyes.Hisrepeated6intensified,pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears.Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I7confessed(承認(rèn)).Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool,whoseshakyfaithinmebroughtamixofreliefand8.MyfathergentlyaskedmeifIunderstoodthegravityofmyactions.9,Iconfessedmymisguidedlongingforrecognition.Intheheadmaster’soffice,myfatherlistenedattentively,andthenspokewithquietauthority:“Itrustmyson.Heisnotathief.”Withmyfather’ssupport,Ilearnedavaluablelesson:1cannotbeforced;truerecognitioncomesfromhonourableacts.1.A.promise B.competition C.desire D.hesitation2.A.Curious B.Hopeful C.Distant D.Envious3.A.expensive B.locked C.modern D.abandoned4.A.discovered B.recommended C.demonstrated D.imagined5.A.caught B.clouded C.hurt D.brightened6.A.questioning B.reminding C.complaining D.requesting7.A.warmly B.readily C.randomly D.falsely8.A.pride B.patience C.shame D.surprise9.A.Generously B.Tearfully C.Carelessly D.Strangely10.A.tolerance B.gratitude C.sympathy D.attention【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了15歲的作者為了引起關(guān)注分享開鎖方法，卻被懷疑偷電腦零件，在校長逼問下作者被迫承認(rèn)，最后父親表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚行為的道理。1.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬著我，促使我做出了一個(gè)令人遺憾的決定。A.promise承諾；B.competition競爭；C.desire欲望；D.hesitation猶豫。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀卻感覺不被關(guān)注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故選C項(xiàng)。2.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.Curious好奇的；B.Hopeful有希望的；C.Distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；D.Envious嫉妒的。根據(jù)后文“everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappen”可知，大家對(duì)電腦零件丟失這件事感到好奇。故選A項(xiàng)。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.expensive昂貴的；B.locked鎖著的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.abandoned廢棄的。根據(jù)后文“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室是鎖著的。故選B項(xiàng)。4.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：享受著所有人的目光，我演示了如何開鎖。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.recommended推薦；C.demonstrated演示；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)前文作者的話“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”和“Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.”可知，作者知道如何用其它鑰匙開鎖，為了享受大家的關(guān)注，所以演示了開鎖方法。故選C項(xiàng)。5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我沒做，先生，”我爭辯道，但他的眼中充滿了懷疑。A.caught抓??；B.clouded使模糊，籠罩，顯得陰沉（或恐懼、憤怒等）；C.hurt傷害；D.brightened使明亮。根據(jù)前文“Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.”可知，校長懷疑作者，懷疑的神色籠罩在他眼中，眼中顯示出懷疑的神色。故選B項(xiàng)。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他反復(fù)的詢問加劇了，把我逼到了恐懼和流淚的邊緣。A.questioning詢問；B.reminding提醒；C.complaining抱怨；D.requesting請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)前文“Hisrepeated”和后文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”可知，校長反復(fù)詢問作者，讓作者感到害怕。故選A項(xiàng)。7.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：為了擺脫不斷增加的壓力，我謊稱自己有罪。A.warmly熱情地；B.readily樂意地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.falsely錯(cuò)誤地，不實(shí)地。根據(jù)前文“Ididn’tdoit,sir”可知，作者沒偷東西，結(jié)合“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure”可知，作者為了擺脫壓力，所以虛假地承認(rèn)。故選D項(xiàng)。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校長請(qǐng)父親來學(xué)校一趟，他對(duì)我不太堅(jiān)定的信任讓我既感到一絲寬慰，又覺得羞愧難當(dāng)。A.pride驕傲；B.patience耐心；C.shame羞愧；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7____confessed(承認(rèn)).”和“Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool”可知，作者被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西，現(xiàn)在校長請(qǐng)來了父親。結(jié)合常識(shí)，父親的到來會(huì)帶給處于困境中的作者一絲寬慰，但同時(shí)，作者也會(huì)因自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤感到羞愧。故選C項(xiàng)。9.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我淚流滿面地承認(rèn)了自己對(duì)認(rèn)可的錯(cuò)誤渴望。A.Generously慷慨地；B.Tearfully含淚地；C.Carelessly粗心地；D.Strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)前文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”和“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7___confessed(承認(rèn)).”可知，作者因?yàn)楹ε潞臀鳒I了，并被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西。父親來時(shí)，作者是含淚承認(rèn)自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了父親的支持，我學(xué)到了寶貴的一課：關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求；真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚的行為。A.tolerance容忍；B.gratitude感激；C.sympathy同情；D.attention關(guān)注。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到關(guān)注，所以這里說關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求。故選D項(xiàng)?！?024北京卷】閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。I’djustarrivedatschool,readyforanotherschoolday.Iwasreadingabookintheclassroomwhentherewasan1.“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditions(面試)foramusical.”Myfriendsalljumpedupinexcitementandaskedme,“Willyoubegoing,Amy?”“Sure,”Isaid.Ihadno2indrama,butI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit.At1:10,therewasa3outsidethedramaroom.Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.ButnowthatIwasdoingit,I4feltnervous.WhatifIwasn’tanygood?Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.Theythen5mysingingskillsandaskedwhatroleIwantedtoplay.Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.IfeltlikeIhada6,soIsaid,“Abigrole.”Theysaidthey’dlookintoit.Istartedgettingreallynervous.WhatifIdidn’tgetamainrole?Soon,thecastlistwas7.Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!”Sureenough,mynamewasatthetop.Ijuststaredatitandstartedto8.Iwassohappy.Aftertwomonthswewereallpreparedandreadytogoonstage.Itwasfun.Andwhenpeoplestarted9,thatgavemeaboostofconfidence.Itstayedwithmeandmademefeel10.Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8.A.wellup B.rollin C.standout D.gooff9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者抱著試一試的心態(tài)，參加了音樂劇面試卻成功獲得了扮演音樂劇主角的機(jī)會(huì)，作者在這次經(jīng)歷中體驗(yàn)到了嘗試新事物帶來的樂趣。1.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在教室里看書，這時(shí)有一則公告。A.assignment任務(wù)；B.initiative倡議；C.announcement公告；D.interview面試。根據(jù)下文“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditionsforamusical.”可推知，此處指作者正在教室里看書，這時(shí)作者聽到有一則公告。故選C。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)戲劇沒有興趣，但是因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧觯乙矝Q定嘗試一下。A.hesitancy猶豫；B.interest興趣；C.worry擔(dān)心；D.regret懊悔。根據(jù)下文“ButI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit”可推知，此處指作者雖然對(duì)戲劇沒有興趣，但因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧觯宰髡咭矝Q定嘗試一下。故選B。3.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在1:10的時(shí)候，戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。A.game游戲；B.show展覽；C.play游戲；D.line隊(duì)伍。根據(jù)下文“Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.”可知，此處指戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。故選D。4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是現(xiàn)在我正在排隊(duì)的時(shí)候，我突然感到緊張。A.suddenly突然；B.continuously連續(xù)不斷地；C.originally起初；D.generally通常。根據(jù)上文“ButnowthatIwasdoingit,”以及下文“WhatifIwasn’tanygood?”可推知，此處指作者在排隊(duì)的過程中突然感到緊張。故選A。5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他們測試了我的唱歌技巧，問我想要演什么角色。A.advertised為……做廣告；B.tested測驗(yàn)；C.challenged對(duì)……懷疑；D.polished潤色。根據(jù)上文“Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.”以及下文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可推知，此處指作者進(jìn)入戲劇室后，老師們讓作者說幾句音樂劇中的臺(tái)詞，測試作者的唱歌技巧，并對(duì)作者的表現(xiàn)很滿意。故選B。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺我有機(jī)會(huì)，所以我說“一個(gè)重要的角色”。A.demand需求；B.credit信用；C.dream夢想；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)上文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可知，作者得到老師的表揚(yáng)，所以此處指作者覺得自己有機(jī)會(huì)扮演音樂劇主角。故選D。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久演員表就被張貼了出來。A.traded交易；B.posted張貼；C.questioned詢問；D.claimed宣稱。根據(jù)下文“Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!””以及下文“mynamewasatthetop.”可推知，此處指很快演員表就被張貼了出來，作者在名單最上邊。故選B。8.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我只是盯著它，然后開始情緒開始迸發(fā)。A.wellup(情緒)迸發(fā)；B.rollin(金錢等)大量涌進(jìn)；C.standout脫穎而出；D.gooff爆炸。根據(jù)下文“Iwassohappy”可推知，此處指作者盯著演員表看，然后情緒開始迸發(fā)，感覺很開心。故選A。9.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后人們開始鼓掌，這給了我信心。A.whispering耳語；B.arguing爭吵；C.clapping鼓掌；D.stretching伸展。根據(jù)下文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及常識(shí)可推知，此處指人們的掌聲增強(qiáng)了作者的信心。故選C。10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它一直伴隨著我，讓我感到更勇敢。A.funnier更有趣的；B.fairer更公平的；C.cleverer更聰明的；D.braver更勇敢的。根據(jù)上文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及下文“Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.”可推知，人們的掌聲給了作者信心，這使得作者感覺更勇敢，可以走出舒適區(qū)，通過嘗試新事物獲得樂趣。故選D。【2022北京卷】閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying“freeplay”,Isteppedtothedoorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I1amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.ThiswastheverydoorI2guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill(寒意)gothroughmybody.Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwas3thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas4toopenthedoor.Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He’dneedtimeto5,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto6wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,buthis7couldbeheardasloudasever!Igavehimawarmhugandtoldhimhow8Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayedwithmealltheseyears,“Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto9.Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin10.1.A.caused B.spotted C.checked D.imagined2.A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully3.A.angry B.absent C.special D.noisy4.A.courageous B.content C.unable D.unwilling5.A.recover B.play C.change D.wait6.A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react7.A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter8.A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous9.A.showup B.pullup C.holdup D.lineup10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)小男孩上學(xué)去晚了，被關(guān)在了門外，小男孩推不開們，于是大冬天的在門外等了很久，直到老師不經(jīng)意間發(fā)現(xiàn)門有動(dòng)靜，才注意到他被關(guān)在門外。小男孩堅(jiān)定地相信老師會(huì)給他開門，這種信念讓老師一直銘記于心。1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木門動(dòng)了一下。A.caused引起、使發(fā)生；B.spotted看見、注意到；C.checked檢查、核對(duì)；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)后面的“amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.”可知，此處表示看到門動(dòng)了下，spot符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。2.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這正是那扇我小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們穿過，以確保他們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲的門。A.hesitantly遲疑地、躊躇地；B.randomly隨機(jī)地；C.dizzily頭暈眼花地；D.carefully小心地、謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)后面的“toensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.”可知，要確保孩子們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲，說明是小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們通過，carefully符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：是我幼兒園的一個(gè)孩子，我以為他那天沒來。A.angry生氣的、憤怒的；B.absent缺席的、不在的；C.special特殊的、特別的；D.noisy嘈雜的、聒噪的。根據(jù)下文的“Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas4toopenthedoor.”可知，是小男孩來晚了，又開不了門，所以老師以為他沒來，此處absent符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)4.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到學(xué)校，打不開門。A.courageous勇敢的；B.content滿足的、滿意的；C.unable無法勝任的、不會(huì)的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根據(jù)上文的“theheavywoodendoor.”和下文的“Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!”可知，門很重，小男孩打不開，所以才在門外等了很久，此處指“打不開門”，unable符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他需要時(shí)間恢復(fù)，我想他第二天不會(huì)來上課了。A.recover恢復(fù)、康復(fù)；B.play玩鬧、戲弄；C.change改變；D.wait等待。根據(jù)前面的“Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.”可知，小男孩手凍傷了，所以需要時(shí)間恢復(fù)，此處recover符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那凍傷的小男孩是第一批趕到的人之一。A.settle解決、定居；B.gather聚集、召集；C.arrive到達(dá)；D.react反應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，說明是來了學(xué)校，故此處指第一批到達(dá)學(xué)校的人，應(yīng)用arrive。故選C項(xiàng)7.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他不僅精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，而且他的笑聲還像以前一樣響亮！A.sneeze打噴嚏；B.weep哭泣；C.complaint抱怨；D.laughter笑聲。根據(jù)前面的“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，說明身體恢復(fù)好了，結(jié)合后面的“couldbeheardasloudasever”可知，此處應(yīng)指“笑聲和以前一樣響亮”，laughter符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)8.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我給了他一個(gè)溫暖的擁抱，告訴他我很高興見到他。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.happy開心的、幸福的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous緊張的、擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)上文“He’dneedtimeto____5____,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.”可知，作者以為小男孩不會(huì)來學(xué)校，所以看到小男孩的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該是開心的，happy符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)9.考查短語辨析。句意：在那個(gè)寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出現(xiàn)。A.showup露面，出現(xiàn)；B.pullup拔起、停下來；C.holdup舉起、阻擋；D.lineup排隊(duì)。根據(jù)上下文語義可知，小男孩在門口等了很久，才等到大人出現(xiàn)給他開門，此處用showup符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)五歲的孩子給我上了一堂關(guān)于信念的有力的課。A.gratitude感激；B.forgiveness寬??；C.faith信任、信念；D.kindness善良、仁慈。根據(jù)前面“Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.”可知，小男孩在門口等了很久，卻沒有試圖回家，說明小男孩有很強(qiáng)的的信念，故此處指老師從小男孩身上學(xué)到了一些關(guān)于信念的東西，此處指“關(guān)于信念的課”，faith符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)02人與社會(huì)類完形填空【2023北京卷】閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的).Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven1,soitwassurprisingI’d2toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!AfterIgothome,though.Itookmytimepettingthecat﹣postponingthepain.WhenIfinallysatdownto3,IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.Talkingkeptmeandmyneighboursfrom4.Oneparagraphdown;nowwhat?Ichewedonmypencil.Aha!Whatiftalkingwerethefirststeptowardslifeasacriminal?WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.”Thepagesbegan5.Butwhenmumgothomefromwork,Iwasstill6,“Fivepages!That’simpossible!”“Well,you’dbettergetbacktowork,”shesaid.“andIwanttoreaditwhenyou’rethrough.”Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda7﹣atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.8,mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.Thenextday,whenMsBlackreadtheessaytotheclass,everyonelaughed.Icould9theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.My10stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.1.A.freer B.shyer C.calmer D.happier2.A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat3.A.weep B.rest C.write D.read4.A.learning B.playing C.planning D.laughing5.A.standingout B.flyingby C.breakingup D.checkingin6.A.celebrating B.longing C.complaining D.warning7.A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution8.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead9.A.hope B.imagine C.tell D.predict10.A.patience B.confidence C.tolerance D.independence【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A5.B6.C7.A8.D9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要主要講述了作者很害羞，剛來到新學(xué)校后更加害羞，不愛說話。于是老師讓作者寫一篇五頁的“我為什么不應(yīng)該在課上講話”的文章。作者寫的文章很搞笑，第二天當(dāng)老師在課堂上讀作者的文章時(shí)，同學(xué)們都笑了起來。1.考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：初來乍到使我更加害羞，所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.freer更自由的；B.shyer更害羞的；C.calmer更冷靜的；D.happier更高興的。由上文“Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的)”和“even”可知，前后是程度的加深，我很害羞，所以剛到新學(xué)校更加害羞了，故選B。2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：初來乍到使我更加害羞，所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.nod點(diǎn)頭；B.point指；C.listen聽；D.chat閑聊。由下文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.(現(xiàn)在我在付出代價(jià)——就“我為什么不應(yīng)該在班里說話”寫一篇五頁的文章)”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知，布萊克老師想知道我為什么不在班里說話的原因，由此可知，當(dāng)老師想讓我和同學(xué)們說話時(shí)，我認(rèn)為要我和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的，故選D。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我終于坐下來開始寫作時(shí)，我首先說出了布萊克老師想聽的理由。A.weep哭泣；B.rest休息；C.write寫；D.read讀。由上文“towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass””可知，此處write是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，我開始寫這篇五頁的文章，故選C。4.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：談話使我和我的鄰桌不能學(xué)習(xí)。A.learning學(xué)習(xí)；B.playing玩；C.planning計(jì)劃；D.laughing笑。由上文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知，現(xiàn)在我要寫一篇五頁的文章，那要花費(fèi)我一晚上，所以說和鄰桌談話會(huì)阻止我和鄰居學(xué)習(xí)，且以談話會(huì)妨礙學(xué)習(xí)來解釋，說明自己愛學(xué)習(xí)，這也是老師愿意聽到的，故選A。5.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：書頁開始飛逝。A.standingout突出；B.flyingby飛越；飛逝；C.breakingup分手；D.checkingin登記。由上文“WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.””可知，我開始寫出很多內(nèi)容，所以此處用flyby來說明我很快寫出了很多頁，故選B。6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)媽媽下班回家的時(shí)候，我仍然在抱怨，“五頁！這不可能！”A.celebrating慶祝；B.longing渴望；C.complaining抱怨；D.warning警告。由下文““Fivepages!That’simpossible!””可知，我認(rèn)為我不可能寫完這五頁的內(nèi)容，所以在抱怨，故選C。7.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有點(diǎn)期待得到一種說教——至少一句“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”。A.lecture說教；B.reason原因；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.solution解決辦法。由下文“atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”可知，“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”這是一種說教，故選A。8.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，媽媽一邊讀一邊笑。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover此外；C.Meanwhile同時(shí)；D.Instead代替；反而。前后句子“Ihalfexpecteda______7____﹣atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”和“mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.”內(nèi)容相反，應(yīng)用instead，我本期待得到媽媽的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，然而媽媽非但沒有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，反而在讀我的文章時(shí)一邊讀一邊笑，故選D。9.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能判斷出他們不是在取笑我：他們笑是因?yàn)槲矣心芰χv一個(gè)有趣的故事。A.hope希望；B.imagine想象；C.tell告訴；看出，判斷出；區(qū)分；D.predict預(yù)計(jì)。由下文“theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.”可知，我能判斷出來，他們笑是因?yàn)槲抑v的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑我，故選C。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的自信心仍然需要一些推動(dòng)，但我確實(shí)學(xué)到了我在寫作的時(shí)候并不害羞。A.patience耐心；B.confidence自信；C.tolerance忍受；D.independence獨(dú)立。由下文“stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.”和第一段提到的我很害羞可知，我的自信心不足，需要一些推動(dòng)，故選B?！?021北京卷】閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Recently,Itookatriphomebytrain.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes,whokept1ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.Thewoman'seyefellontheman'sface,andsheimmediatelylookeddownand2herscarf.Asthenightworeon,peoplebegantoclosetheireyes,buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavysleepercouldmanagetogetany3.Thewomanlookedoverattheman.Hewasstillstaringather.Shelookedbackathimwithfireinhereyes.Iwasbeginningtoget4,too.Thetrainmovedon.Thelittleboywas5awakeonhismother'slap,butthewomandroppedofftosleep.Amomentlater,hebeganto6thehalf-openwindow—onelegwentoverit.Themanjumpedupand7thechildjustbeforehefellout.The8wokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobein9,andthenrealitydawned（顯現(xiàn)）.“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”Thewomanwas10,andsowasI.1.A.guiding B.bothering C.watching D.monitoring2.A.adjusted B.changed C.packed D.waved3.A.air B.joy C.space D.rest4.A.nervous B.embarrassed C.angry D.disappointed5.A.almost B.still C.hardly D.even6.A.drag B.climb C.knock D.push7.A.grabbed B.rocked C.touched D.picked8.A.alarm B.quarrel C.risk D.noise9.A.sorrow B.relief C.panic D.pain10.A.astonished B.confused C.concerned D.inspired【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.A〖祥解〗這是一篇記敘文。講述了火車上一位男子救下了爬上窗戶的頑皮孩子的善舉,最初孩子的母親因?yàn)槟凶涌偸嵌⒅麄?對(duì)男子的第一印象不好,而最后得知原因十分驚訝。故事告訴我們很多事情不能只看表面。1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在一位中年男子對(duì)面的座位上,他目光敏銳,一直在注視著一位坐在靠窗座位上的年輕女子,她的腿上坐著一個(gè)小男孩。A.guiding帶領(lǐng)；B.bothering打擾；C.watching看著；D.monitoring監(jiān)控。根據(jù)上文“withsharpeyes”（有著敏銳的目光）以及下文第二段“Hewasstillstaringather.”（他仍然盯著她看。）可知,中年男子一直在看著女子,故選C。2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：女人的目光落在了男人的臉上,她立刻低下頭,整理了一下圍巾。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.changed改變；C.packed包裝；D.waved揮動(dòng),根據(jù)空格處and前的動(dòng)詞低下頭和空格后的圍巾,可知女人因?yàn)楦械綄擂味皖^故意整理圍巾,故選A。3.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：夜?jié)u漸深了,人們開始閉上眼睛,但座位太不舒服了,只有睡得很沉的人才能設(shè)法休息。A.air空氣；B.joy娛樂；C.space空間；D.rest休息。根據(jù)空格前點(diǎn)明時(shí)間是夜晚了和后面睡得很沉的人,可知是為了獲得一些休息。故選D。4.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也開始生氣了。A.nervous緊張的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.angry生氣的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)withfireinhereyes以及空格后too,可知“我”和女人的情緒是一樣憤怒生氣的,故選C。5.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：小男孩躺在媽媽的腿上還醒著,但是媽媽已經(jīng)睡著了。A.almost幾乎；B.still仍然；C.hardly幾乎不；D.even甚至。根據(jù)butthewomandroppedofftosleep,可知母親已經(jīng)睡著,男孩是醒著的,推斷出來是仍然醒著的。故選B。6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：過了一會(huì)兒,他開始爬上半開著的窗戶——一條腿跨過了窗戶。A.drag拖拉；B.climb爬上；C.knock敲打；D.push推動(dòng)。根據(jù)空格后onelegwentoverit,可知小孩是在爬窗戶,腳才邁了出去,故選B。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在孩子掉下去之前,那人跳起來抓住了他。A.grabbed抓著；B.rocked搖晃；C.touched接觸；D.picked挑選。根據(jù)beforehefellout可知,男人跳起來是為了阻止孩子掉下去,所以要抓住他,故選A。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：噪音把那個(gè)女人吵醒了。A.alarm鬧鐘；B.quarrel吵架；C.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.noise噪音。根據(jù)上文Themanjumpedupandgrabbedthechildjustbeforehefellout可知,男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的動(dòng)靜和聲音,故選D。9.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎在恐慌,然后明白過來。A.sorrow悲傷；B.relief減輕；C.panic恐慌；D.pain痛苦。根據(jù)上文可知,女人一醒來看到男人抓著自己的孩子,女人對(duì)男人的印象不好,因此作為母親一定是很恐慌的,故選C。10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：女人很驚訝,我也很驚訝。A.astonished驚訝；B.confused困惑的；C.concerned關(guān)心的；D.inspired受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)空格前的對(duì)話“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”(“你的孩子一直在找機(jī)會(huì)爬出窗戶,”男人說著把孩子還給了她?！八晕乙恢痹诳??！?,可知女人對(duì)男人的印象不好,但是男人卻救了他們的孩子,所以最后女人是感到意外和驚訝的,故選A。專題16完形填空（20空）考點(diǎn)五年考情（2021-2025）命題趨勢考點(diǎn)1人與自我類完形填空（5年2考）2022天津卷—應(yīng)對(duì)單簧管演奏挑戰(zhàn)；2021浙江1月卷—國家森林當(dāng)志愿者經(jīng)歷；2020江蘇卷—意外失明反倒與命運(yùn)抗?fàn)帯?.主題以人與社會(huì)為主，兼顧人與自我和人與自然”。2.話題廣泛，貼近學(xué)生，貼近生活。3.熟詞生義考查是完形填空備考難點(diǎn)和薄弱點(diǎn)，應(yīng)加以重視，需要長期積累。4.完形填空短語考查也是不少學(xué)生的軟肋，需要深入積累和查漏補(bǔ)缺。5.詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)是完形填空一大特色，需要學(xué)會(huì)準(zhǔn)確把握上下文特定語境照應(yīng)提升答題能力。6.完形填空側(cè)重通過故事傳遞正能量，謳歌真善美，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀?？键c(diǎn)2人與社會(huì)類完形填空（5年2考）2024全國甲卷—祖母的童年故事；2021全國乙卷—病患感謝醫(yī)務(wù)人員付出；2020全國I卷—家庭如何應(yīng)對(duì)生命之門；2020全國I卷—難纏顧客應(yīng)對(duì)智慧；2020天津卷—聊天長椅秒解老人孤獨(dú)；2019天津卷—陌生人深夜登門還錢包考點(diǎn)3人與自然類完形填空（5年0考）2019全國I卷--乞力馬扎羅山旅游困境；2019江蘇卷—人工繁殖白鶴?？键c(diǎn)01人與自我型完形填空【2022天津卷】WhenIwasinsixthgrade,Ijoinedthebandprogramtolearntoplaytheclarinet(單簧管).Thebeginningoftheyearhadgone16.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.Oneday,whenmyteachertoldustoplayinfrontoftheotherstudents,Iwasfilledwithfear.IknewIwould17.WhenIbegantoplay,myrhythms(節(jié)奏)weregood,butmytonewasanother18.“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”theteacherbarkedatme.Ifeltso19andmyworldcame20downinaninstant.Fromthenon,IhatedplayingtheclarinetandIkeptgetting21.Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.Inamomentof22,Iaskedforsickleave.Itwassorelievingandsucha(n)23wayout.Theavoidanceofmylessonscontinueduntilmymumaskedmeaboutit.“Iwanttoquit.”Mytearsstarted24.“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?”askedmum.She25andIrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand,bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto26outof.Imadea27nottohidefrommyfearsandtostanduptoeventheworstofthem,soa28couldbeachieved.ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblemandcouldn’t29why.Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.Itried,butonlyanunpleasantsoundcameout.Shedidn’t30atmeandhandedmeanewreed(簧片).Iputitinplaceandtriedagain.Tomygreat31Icouldplaywell.Myproblemwassolvedandmyfearwas32alotthatyear.33I’mgladthatIovercamemyfear.Fearcan34everythinginaperson’slife.Hidingfromthoseveryfearsonlycreatesahole,whichmakesapersonstay35inside.Afterfacinguptoafear,onemayfindlifeeasierandmuchmoreenjoyable.16.A.badly B.endlessly C.randomly D.smoothly17.A.messup B.moveon C.setout D.takeoff18.A.impression B.essay C.story D.factor19.A.ashamed B.starved C.excited D.relaxed20.A.crashing B.moving C.selling D.bending21.A.stricter B.worse C.happier D.smarter22.A.joy B.panic C.doubt D.sympathy23.A.funny B.important C.easy D.traditional24.A.drying B.disappearing C.flowing D.separating25.A.hadapoint B.madeachange C.reachedalevel D.tookabreak26.A.send B.bring C.pick D.climb27.A.request B.resolution C.presentation D.proposal28.A.balance B.degree C.position D.solution29.A.figureout B.giveaway C.thinkover D.makeup30.A.aim B.smile C.wave D.shout31.A.anger B.sorrow C.disappointment D.surprise32.A.felt B.shown C.removed D.voiced33.A.Carryingon B.Lookingback C.Steppingaside D.Turningaround34.A.consume B.examine C.reflect D.rescue35.A.unknown B.unpunished C.interested D.trapped【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.A20.A21.B22.B23.C24.C25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.D31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因?yàn)樽约簡位晒苎葑嗟貌缓?，感到很沮喪，決定逃避，在媽媽的啟發(fā)下，作者決定面對(duì)恐懼，找到老師尋求幫助，最終解決了問題，也戰(zhàn)勝了自己的恐懼?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：年初進(jìn)展順利。A.badly嚴(yán)重地；B.endlessly無窮地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.smoothly順利地。根據(jù)下文“Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.”可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，年初進(jìn)展順利，但隨著大多數(shù)學(xué)生的進(jìn)步，我似乎落后了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我知道我會(huì)搞砸的。A.messup搞砸；B.moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；C.setout動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；D.takeoff起飛。根據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同學(xué)，由此可知，我認(rèn)為自己演奏的不好，會(huì)搞砸的。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始演奏時(shí)，我的節(jié)奏很好，但我的音調(diào)是另一回事。A.impression印象；B.essay散文；C.story故事，情節(jié)；D.factor因素。根據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我演奏的不好，雖然節(jié)奏很好，但演奏不在調(diào)上，音調(diào)是另一回事，“mytonewasanotherstory”用來描述演奏不在調(diào)上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.starved饑餓的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的。根據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒有練習(xí)，由此可知，我為此感到羞愧。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.crashing崩潰；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.selling出售；D.bending彎曲。根據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒有練習(xí)，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感覺世界瞬間崩潰了。故選A項(xiàng)。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，我討厭吹單簧管，而且越來越糟糕。A.stricter更嚴(yán)格的；B.worse更糟的；C.happier更快樂的；D.smarter更聰明的。根據(jù)下文“Igrewincreasinglyupset”可知，我感到越來越沮喪，由此可知，我的狀態(tài)越來越糟糕。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一陣恐慌中，我請(qǐng)了病假。A.joy喜悅；B.panic恐慌；C.doubt疑惑；D.sympathy同情。根據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”和“Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.”可知，我討厭吹單簧管，我感到越來越沮喪，由此可知，因?yàn)閷?duì)即將到來的表演感到恐慌，所以我請(qǐng)了病假。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種解脫和容易的方式。A.funny有趣的；B.important重要的；C.easy容易的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”可知，我討厭吹單簧管，由此可知，我請(qǐng)了病假，這是一種讓我解脫的容易的方式，我可以不再面對(duì)單簧管表演。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼淚開始流下來。A.drying使變干；B.disappearing消失；C.flowing流動(dòng)；D.separating使分開。根據(jù)下文“whyareyoucrying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼淚流了下來。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她說得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)很難爬出來的黑洞。A.hadapoint有道理；B.madeachange做出改變；C.reachedalevel達(dá)到一定水平；D.tookabreak休息一下。根據(jù)句中“IrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand”可知，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，由此可知，我認(rèn)為媽媽的話“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?(如果你真的想退出，為什么要哭？)”說得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不會(huì)哭。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)很難爬出來的黑洞。A.send發(fā)送；B.bring帶來；C.pick挑選；D.climb爬。根據(jù)句中“createdablackhole”可知，我無法面對(duì)我的恐懼，就像給自己創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)黑洞，很難爬出來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼，即使是最糟糕的恐懼，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決辦法。A.request請(qǐng)求；B.resolution正式?jīng)Q定，決心；C.presentation演示；D.proposal提議。根據(jù)句中“standuptoeventheworstofthem”可知，我決定與恐懼對(duì)抗，由此可知，我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼，即使是最糟糕的恐懼，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決辦法。A.balance平衡；B.degree程度，度數(shù)；C.position位置；D.solution解決辦法。根據(jù)句中“standupto