譯林版八上UNIT8Safeandsound.期末同步詞匯筆記序號(hào)單詞詞形變化派生詞核心考點(diǎn)例句1sound/sa?nd/adj.健康的，無損傷的；safeandsound安然無恙(106)無單復(fù)數(shù)/比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)；動(dòng)詞（v.聽起來）過去式：sounded，過去分詞：soundedN/A1.safeandsound安然無恙；2.soundadj.健康的1.Theyreturnedfromthetripsafeandsound.他們旅行平安歸來。2.Theoldtreelooksstillsound.這棵老樹看起來依然健康。2emergency/?'m??d??nsi/n.緊急情況(107)復(fù)數(shù)：emergenciesemergevi.出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)inanemergency在緊急情況下1.Youshouldcall120inanemergency.緊急情況下你應(yīng)該撥打120。2.Thehospitalisreadyforanyemergency.這家醫(yī)院為任何緊急情況做好了準(zhǔn)備。3situation/?s?t?u'e??n/n.情況(107)復(fù)數(shù)：situationsN/A1.inadifficultsituation處于困境中；2.thepresentsituation當(dāng)前情況1.Weneedtochangethisbadsituation.我們需要改變這種糟糕的情況。2.Heexplainedthesituationtohisparents.他向父母解釋了情況。4heating/'hi?t??/n.供暖(107)不可數(shù)名詞，無詞形變化heatv.加熱；n.熱量centralheating中央供暖1.Theheatinginourclassroomisbroken.我們教室的供暖壞了。2.Weturnedontheheatingbecauseitwascold.因?yàn)槔洌覀兇蜷_了供暖。5lightning/'la?tn??/n.閃電(107)不可數(shù)名詞，無詞形變化lightenv.使變亮；減輕1.aflashoflightning一道閃電；2.duringlightning閃電時(shí)1.Aflashoflightninglitupthesky.一道閃電照亮了天空。2.It’sdangeroustostandunderatreeduringlightning.閃電時(shí)站在樹下很危險(xiǎn)。6office/'?f?s/n.辦公室，辦公樓(107)復(fù)數(shù)：officesofficialadj.官方的；n.官員1.intheoffice在辦公室里；2.officebuilding辦公樓1.Myfatherisworkinginhisofficenow.我爸爸現(xiàn)在在辦公室工作。2.Wemetattheentranceoftheofficebuilding.我們?cè)谵k公樓門口見了面。7homeless/'h??ml?s/adj.無家可歸的(107)比較級(jí)：morehomeless；最高級(jí)：mosthomelesshomen.家；v.回家homelesspeople無家可歸的人1.Manyvolunteershelphomelesspeopleinwinter.冬天很多志愿者幫助無家可歸的人。2.Thegovernmentbuilthousesforhomelessfamilies.政府為無家可歸的家庭建了房子。8coach/k??t?/n.長途汽車(107)復(fù)數(shù)：coachesN/A1.takeacoach坐長途汽車；2.coachstation長途汽車站1.Wewilltakeacoachtothecountryside.我們會(huì)坐長途汽車去鄉(xiāng)下。2.Thecoacharrivedatthestationontime.長途汽車準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)了車站。9road/r??d/n.道路(107)復(fù)數(shù)：roadsroadsiden.路邊；adj.路邊的1.ontheroad在道路上；2.crosstheroad過馬路1.Therearemanytreesonbothsidesoftheroad.道路兩旁有很多樹。2.Remembertolookleftandrightbeforecrossingtheroad.過馬路前記得左右看。10accident/'?ks?d?nt/n.事故(107)復(fù)數(shù)：accidentsaccidentaladj.意外的，偶然的1.atrafficaccident交通事故；2.byaccident偶然地1.Hewashurtinatrafficaccidentyesterday.他昨天在一場(chǎng)交通事故中受傷了。2.Imetmyoldfriendbyaccidentinthepark.我在公園偶然遇到了老朋友。11typhoon/ta?'fu?n/n.臺(tái)風(fēng)(107)復(fù)數(shù)：typhoonsN/Aduringatyphoon在臺(tái)風(fēng)期間1.Westayedathomeduringthestrongtyphoon.強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)期間我們待在了家里。2.Atyphoonwillbringheavyrainandstrongwind.臺(tái)風(fēng)會(huì)帶來大雨和大風(fēng)。12terrible/'ter?bl/adj.可怕的(107)比較級(jí)：moreterrible；最高級(jí)：mostterribleterriblyadv.可怕地；非常aterribleaccident一場(chǎng)可怕的事故1.Theterriblefiredestroyedthesmalltown.可怕的大火摧毀了這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。2.Shefeltterribleafterhearingthebadnews.聽到壞消息后她感覺很糟糕。13state/ste?t/n.狀態(tài)，情況(107)復(fù)數(shù)：statesN/A1.inagoodstate處于良好狀態(tài)；2.thestateofhealth健康狀況1.Themachineisinagoodworkingstate.這臺(tái)機(jī)器處于良好的工作狀態(tài)。2.Shetoldthedoctoraboutherstateofhealth.她把自己的健康狀況告訴了醫(yī)生。14fireman/'fa??m?n/n.(pl.firemen)消防員(107)復(fù)數(shù)：firemenfiren.火；v.著火1.ateamoffiremen一隊(duì)消防員；2.fireman’sjob消防員的工作1.Firemenarrivedquicklytoputoutthefire.消防員迅速趕到撲滅了火。2.Hisdreamistobeafiremanwhenhegrowsup.他的夢(mèng)想是長大后當(dāng)一名消防員。15traffic/'tr?f?k/n.交通(107)不可數(shù)名詞，無詞形變化trafficadj.交通的（如trafficlights）1.heavytraffic交通擁堵；2.trafficrules交通規(guī)則1.Thereisalwaysheavytrafficinthecitycenter.市中心的交通總是很擁堵。2.Everyoneshouldfollowthetrafficrules.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則。16slight/sla?t/adj.輕微的(108)比較級(jí)：slighter；最高級(jí)：slightestslightlyadv.輕微地aslightpain輕微的疼痛1.Shehasaslightheadachetoday.她今天有點(diǎn)輕微的頭痛。2.Thereisaslightdifferencebetweenthetwopictures.這兩張圖片有細(xì)微的差別。17shake/?e?k/n.,vi.&vt.搖動(dòng)(108)動(dòng)詞過去式：shook；過去分詞：shaken；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：shakesshakingn.搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)1.shakehands握手；2.shakeone’shead搖頭1.Heshookhandswiththenewteacher.他和新老師握了手。2.Thelittlegirlshookherheadandsaid“No”.小女孩搖搖頭說“不”。18thunder/'θ?nd?(r)/n.雷聲(108)不可數(shù)名詞，無詞形變化；動(dòng)詞（v.打雷）過去式：thundered，過去分詞：thunderedthunderousadj.雷鳴般的1.thesoundofthunder雷聲；2.thunderandlightning雷電1.Weheardthesoundofthunderinthedistance.我們聽到了遠(yuǎn)處的雷聲。2.Thunderandlightningusuallyetogether.雷電通常一起出現(xiàn)。19bomb/b?m/n.炸彈(108)復(fù)數(shù)：bombs；動(dòng)詞（v.投彈）過去式：bombed，過去分詞：bombedN/AN/A1.Thepolicefoundabombintheoldbuilding.警察在舊樓里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚炸彈。2.Thesoldiersbombedtheenemy’sbaselastnight.士兵們昨晚轟炸了敵人的基地。20shout/?a?t/vi.&n.呼喊，喊叫(108)動(dòng)詞過去式：shouted；過去分詞：shouted；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：shoutsshoutingn.呼喊，喊叫1.shoutatsb.對(duì)某人大喊；2.shoutforhelp呼救1.Don’tshoutatyourparents.不要對(duì)你的父母大喊大叫。2.Sheshoutedforhelpwhenshefellintotheriver.她掉進(jìn)河里時(shí)大聲呼救。21fear/f??(r)/n.恐懼，害怕；infear恐懼地，害怕地(108)動(dòng)詞（v.害怕）過去式：feared；過去分詞：feared；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：fearsfearfuladj.害怕的，恐懼的1.infear恐懼地，害怕地；2.fearofheights恐高1.Thechildlookedatthedoginfear.那個(gè)孩子害怕地看著狗。2.Shehasafearofheightsandneverclimbsmountains.她恐高，從不爬山。22direction/d?'rek?n;da?'rek?n/n.方向；inalldirections四處，到處(108)復(fù)數(shù)：directionsdirectadj.直接的；v.指導(dǎo)1.inalldirections四處，到處；2.thedirectionofthewind風(fēng)向1.Peopleraninalldirectionswhentheearthquakehappened.地震發(fā)生時(shí)人們四處奔跑。2.Canyoutellmethedirectionofthetrainstation?你能告訴我火車站的方向嗎？23brick/br?k/n.磚(108)復(fù)數(shù)：bricksN/Aabrickwall磚墻1.Thehouseisbuiltwithredbricks.這房子是用紅磚建造的。2.Heusedabricktobreakthewindow.他用一塊磚打破了窗戶。24silent/'sa?l?nt/adj.安靜的(108)比較級(jí)：moresilent；最高級(jí)：mostsilentsilencen.安靜，沉默；silentlyadv.安靜地1.keepsilent保持安靜；2.insilence沉默地1.Pleasekeepsilentinthelibrary.請(qǐng)?jiān)趫D書館里保持安靜。2.Theywalkedoutoftheroominsilence.他們沉默地走出了房間。25nervous/'n??v?s/adj.焦慮的；膽怯的(108)比較級(jí)：morenervous；最高級(jí)：mostnervousnervouslyadv.焦慮地；nervousnessn.焦慮benervousaboutsth.對(duì)某事感到焦慮1.SheisnervousaboutherEnglishexam.她對(duì)英語考試感到焦慮。2.Thelittleboyfeltnervouswhenhemetthenewteacher.小男孩見到新老師時(shí)感到膽怯。26beat/bi?t/vi.&vt.(使)規(guī)律作響或運(yùn)動(dòng)；用力敲打(109)過去式：beat；過去分詞：beatenN/A1.beatone’sheart心跳；2.beatthedrum打鼓1.Hisheartbeatfastwhenheheardthegoodnews.聽到好消息時(shí)他的心跳得很快。2.Thechildrenarebeatingthedrumhappily.孩子們正在開心地打鼓。27saytooneself暗想；自言自語(109)無詞形變化（短語）N/Asaytooneself暗想；自言自語1.Hesaidtohimself,“Icanfinishthiswork.”他暗想：“我能完成這項(xiàng)工作?！?.Sheoftensaystoherselfwhensheisalone.她獨(dú)自一人時(shí)經(jīng)常自言自語。28calm/kɑ?m/vi.&vt.(使)平靜,(使)鎮(zhèn)靜；calmdown(使)平靜(109)形容詞比較級(jí)：calmer；最高級(jí)：calmest；動(dòng)詞過去式：calmed，過去分詞：calmedcalmlyadv.平靜地；calmnessn.平靜1.calmdown(使)平靜；2.staycalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜1.Youshouldcalmdownwhenyouareangry.生氣時(shí)你應(yīng)該平靜下來。2.Theteachertoldustostaycalmduringtheexam.老師告訴我們考試時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)靜。29since/s?ns/conj.因?yàn)?，既?109)無詞形變化（連詞/介詞/副詞）N/A1.sinceconj.因?yàn)?，既然?.sinceprep.自從1.Sinceit’sraining,wecan’tgoout.因?yàn)橄掠辏覀儾荒艹鋈チ恕?.Hehaslivedheresince2010.自從2010年以來他就住在這里。30weak/wi?k/adj.虛弱的(109)比較級(jí)：weaker；最高級(jí)：weakestweaklyadv.虛弱地；weaknessn.虛弱1.beweakinsth.在某方面薄弱；2.aweakbody虛弱的身體1.Sheisweakinmathandneedsmorepractice.她數(shù)學(xué)薄弱，需要更多練習(xí)。2.Theoldmanhasaweakbodyandoftengetsill.這位老人身體虛弱，經(jīng)常生病。31voice/v??s/n.嗓音，說話聲，唱歌聲(109)復(fù)數(shù)：voicesN/A1.asweetvoice甜美的嗓音；2.inalowvoice低聲地1.Shehasasweetvoiceandlikessinging.她有甜美的嗓音，喜歡唱歌。2.Hetoldmethesecretinalowvoice.他低聲告訴我這個(gè)秘密。32except/?k'sept/prep.(=exceptfor)除…之外(111)無詞形變化N/A1.exceptprep.除…之外；2.exceptfor除…之外（后接名詞短語）1.EveryoneishereexceptTom.除了湯姆，所有人都來了。2.Theroomiscleanexceptforafewbooksonthedesk.除了桌子上的幾本書，房間很干凈。33smoke/sm??k/n.煙(111)不可數(shù)名詞（煙）；動(dòng)詞（v.吸煙/冒煙）過去式：smoked，過去分詞：smokedsmokern.吸煙者；smokyadj.冒煙的1.smoken.煙；2.smokev.吸煙；3.nosmoking禁止吸煙1.Thereisalotofsmokefromthefactory.工廠冒出很多煙。2.Hedoesn’tsmokebecauseit’sbadforhealth.他不吸煙，因?yàn)槲鼰煂?duì)健康有害。34burn/b??n/vi.著火；vt.&vi.(使)燒毀，燒傷(111)動(dòng)詞過去式：burned/burnt；過去分詞：burned/burntburningadj.燃燒的；burntadj.燒焦的1.burndown燒毀；2.getburnt被燒傷1.Thebigfireburneddowntheoldtemple.大火燒毀了那座古老的寺廟。2.Hegotburntwhenhewascooking.他做飯時(shí)被燒傷了。35putout撲滅，熄滅(111)無詞形變化（短語）；過去式：putoutN/Aputout撲滅，熄滅1.Thefiremenputoutthefireintenminutes.消防員十分鐘內(nèi)撲滅了火。2.Pleaseputoutthecandlesbeforeyougotobed.睡覺前請(qǐng)熄滅蠟燭。36heavily/'hev?li/adv.大量地(113)比較級(jí)：moreheavily；最高級(jí)：mostheavilyheavyadj.重的；大量的1.rainheavily下大雨；2.snowheavily下大雪1.Itrainedheavilylastnight.昨晚下了大雨。2.Thesnowisfallingheavilyoutside.外面正在下大雪。37guess/ges/vt.&vi.猜測(cè)，估計(jì)(113)動(dòng)詞過去式：guessed；過去分詞：guessed；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：guessesguessworkn.猜測(cè)，推測(cè)1.guesssth.猜測(cè)某事；2.guessatsth.推測(cè)某事1.Canyouguessmyage?你能猜出我的年齡嗎？2.Wecanonlyguessattheresultofthegame.我們只能推測(cè)比賽的結(jié)果。38hat/h?t/n.(常指帶檐的)帽子(113)復(fù)數(shù)：hatsN/A1.wearahat戴帽子；2.takeoffone’shat摘下帽子1.Hewearsablackhateveryday.他每天都戴一頂黑色的帽子。2.Shetookoffherhatwhensheenteredtheroom.她進(jìn)房間時(shí)摘下了帽子。39clear/kl??(r)/vt.清除，清理(113)動(dòng)詞過去式：cleared；過去分詞：cleared；形容詞比較級(jí)：clearer，最高級(jí)：clearestclearlyadv.清楚地；clearancen.清理1.clearsth.清除某物；2.clearup清理；放晴1.Pleaseclearthedeskbeforetheclass.上課前請(qǐng)清理一下桌子。2.ThestudentscleareduptheparkonSunday.學(xué)生們周日清理了公園。40policeman/p?'li?sm?n/n.(pl.policemen)(男)警察(114)復(fù)數(shù)：policemenpolicen.警察（集合名詞）；policewomann.女警察1.apoliceman一名男警察；2.callthepolice報(bào)警1.Apolicemanhelpedtheoldwomancrosstheroad.一名男警察幫老婦人過了馬路。2.Weshouldcallthepolicewhenweareindanger.遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)我們應(yīng)該報(bào)警。41ache/e?k/n.&vi.疼痛(114)動(dòng)詞過去式：ached；過去分詞：ached；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：achesachingadj.疼痛的1.headachen.頭痛；2.toothachen.牙痛；3.achevi.疼痛1.Shehasabadheadacheandneedstorest.她頭痛得厲害，需要休息。2.Mylegsacheafterrunningforanhour.跑了一小時(shí)后我的腿很疼。42postman/'p??stm?n/n.(pl.postmen)郵遞員(114)復(fù)數(shù)：postmenpostn.郵件；postoffice郵局1.apostman一名郵遞員；2.deliverletters送信1.Thepostmanbringsletterstoourhomeeverymorning.郵遞員每天早上給我們家送信。2.Myuncleusedtobeapostman.我叔叔以前是一名郵遞員。43airport/'e?p??t/n.機(jī)場(chǎng)(114)復(fù)數(shù)：airportsN/A1.attheairport在機(jī)場(chǎng)；2.airportterminal機(jī)場(chǎng)航站樓1.Myparentsmetmeattheairportyesterday.我父母昨天在機(jī)場(chǎng)接我。2.Weneedtoarriveattheairporttwohoursearly.我們需要提前兩小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。44passport/'pɑ?sp??t/n.護(hù)照(114)復(fù)數(shù)：passportsN/A1.apassport一本護(hù)照；2.showone’spassport出示護(hù)照1.Youneedapassporttogoabroad.出國需要護(hù)照。2.Theofficeraskedhimtoshowhispassport.工作人員讓他出示護(hù)照。45close/kl??s/adj.差一點(diǎn)兒，險(xiǎn)些(114)比較級(jí)：closer；最高級(jí)：closest；動(dòng)詞（v.關(guān)閉）過去式：closed，過去分詞：closedcloselyadv.緊密地；接近地1.closeadj.差一點(diǎn)兒，險(xiǎn)些；2.becloseto接近1.Hehadaclosecallinthecaraccident.他在車禍中險(xiǎn)些出事。2.Ourschoolisclosetothepark.我們學(xué)校離公園很近。46report/r?'p??t/vi.&vt.報(bào)道；匯報(bào)(115)動(dòng)詞過去式：reported；過去分詞：reported；名詞復(fù)數(shù)：reportsreportern.記者1.reportsth.報(bào)道/匯報(bào)某事；2.makeareport做報(bào)告1.Thenewspaperreportedthenewsthismorning.報(bào)紙今天早上報(bào)道了這條新聞。2.Shewillreporttheresulttotheteacher.她會(huì)把結(jié)果匯報(bào)給老師。47bushfire/'b??fa??(r)/n.山林大火(115)復(fù)數(shù)：bushfiresN/Aputoutabushfire撲滅山林大火1.Abigbushfirebrokeoutintheforestlastweek.上周森林里發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)大的山林大火。2.Firemenworkedhardtoputoutthebushfire.消防員努力撲滅了山林大火。48sofar迄今為止(115)無詞形變化（短語）N/Asofar迄今為止（常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用）1.Sofar,wehavelearned8units.迄今為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了8個(gè)單元。2.Hehasmadegreatprogresssofar.迄今為止他已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。49including/?n'klu?d??/prep.包括…在內(nèi)(115)動(dòng)詞（include）過去式：included；過去分詞：includedincludevt.包括；inclusionn.包括includingprep.包括…在內(nèi)1.Tenstudentspassedtheexam,includingTom.十個(gè)學(xué)生通過了考試，包括湯姆。2.Thepriceincludesbreakfastanddinner.這個(gè)價(jià)格包括早餐和晚餐。50sign/sa?n/n.標(biāo)牌，指示牌(116)復(fù)數(shù)：signs；動(dòng)詞（v.簽名/示意）過去式：signed，過去分詞：signedsignaturen.簽名1.atrafficsign交通標(biāo)牌；2.nosmokingsign禁止吸煙標(biāo)牌1.Youcanseea“NoParking”signonthestreet.街上能看到一個(gè)“禁止停車”的標(biāo)牌。2.Hesignedhisnameonthepaper.他在紙上簽了名。51avoid/?'v??d/vt.避免，防止(116)動(dòng)詞過去式：avoided；過去分詞：avoidedavoidancen.避免avoiddoingsth.避免做某事1.Weshouldavoidmakingmistakesintheexam.我們應(yīng)該避免在考試中犯錯(cuò)。2.Heavoidedmeetingherbyleavingearly.他早早離開以避免見到她。52wound/wu?nd/n.傷，傷口(117)復(fù)數(shù)：wounds；動(dòng)詞（v.使受傷）過去式：wounded，過去分詞：woundedwoundedadj.受傷的（如thewounded傷員）1.adeepwound一個(gè)很深的傷口；2.treatawound處理傷口1.Thesoldierhasawoundonhisarm.這個(gè)士兵的胳膊上有一處傷口。2.Thenurseistreatingthewoundcarefully.護(hù)士正在仔細(xì)