絕密★啟用前安徽年8月高三秋季檢測英語考生注意：．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是答案C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atthelawyer’s.B.Atthehairdresser’s.C.Atthetailor’s.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:justwantacut,Mr.Shawn?M:justalittlethetop.W:Fine.Liehere,andI’llgiveyouawashfirst.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Preparetheslides.B.ontheproject.C.Getsomethingtoeat.【答案】C第1頁/共28頁【解析】【原文】W:I’vegotamassiveprojectduethisafternoon.M:Irecallyoumentioningthedeadline.Don’tyouhavetopreparethepresentationslidesbeforetheteammeeting?W:That’sright,butbeforeallthosetasks,I’mgrabbingsomebreadtofuelupfortheday.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ihaven’teatenanythingsincebreakfast.Doyouhaveanythinginyourfridge?M:I’vegotsomesandwichleftoversfromlunchtoday.Theremightnotbeenoughforaproperdinner,butwecouldmakeasaladandheatupsomesoup.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatmightthewomanhavedonerecently?A.Shelandedanewjob.B.Shefailedachallenge.C.Shemasteredanewskill.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Itriedtoimaginewhatitwouldbeliketostartanewjob,anditseemedabitchallenging.ButnowIfindit’safreshandentirelydifferentexperience.M:it’sexcitingtohavenewopportunitiesandlearnnewskills.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thewoman’sbrother.B.Thewoman’sC.Thewoman’sson.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,CindyHow’syourbrother’sbaby?W:He’ssuchabigboythatnobodybelieveshe’sonlytwomonthsold.Letmeshowyousomepictures.M:Whatacutebaby第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中第2頁/共28頁選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.Whydidthemancallthewomanspeaker?A.cancelanappointment.B.extendaninvitation.C.anupdate.7.Whatdoesthemanpromisetodoforthewomanspeaker?A.ArrangeajobB.Sendheracontactnumber.C.IntroducehertoMs.Thompson.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Jessica,finally!I’vebeentryingtoreachyouallmorning!W:Oh,hey,Sorryaboutthat.Iwasdoingmyworkout,andmyphonewasleftathome.M:Ah,gotit.Listen,there’sanewpositionopenatthemarketingfirmwhereIwork.They’relookingforamarketingspecialist.IthoughtyoumightwanttoW:Thatsoundsperfect!WhodoIneedtocontacttosetupaninterview?M:Ms.Thompson.SheheadsupHumanResources.I’lltextyouhernumberlater.W:Great!Thankssomuch,M:Noproblem.8.WhatdidthemanetoMalaysiafor?A.Ameeting.B.Afriend.C.Sightseeing.9Whyisthemaninahurry?A.haveadrink.B.findhiscard.C.catchhisplane.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closerelatives.B.Fellowworkers.C.Businesspartners.【答案】8.A9.C10.C【解析】【原文】M:it’sbeenagreatpleasuretomeetyou.W:Metoo.Whatapitythatyouhavenotimeforsightseeinghere!第3頁/共28頁M:allgoodthingshavetoetoanend,myfriend.ButI’msurewe’llmeetagain.Ithinkifwehadtime,weshouldhaveadrinktotoasttheendofourconference.W:right.Andweshouldkeepintouch.M:Haveyougotmycard?W:I’llsendyouanemail.M:IfIeveretoMalaysiaagain,Iwilllookyouup.AndcallmeorsendmeatextmessagenexttimeyouvisitChina.nowI’dbetterbeorI’llmissmyflight.W:Haveagoodtrip!Bye.Howdidthewomanfeelwhenshegavethespeech?A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Confident.12.WhatwasMr.Giles’adviceforthewoman?A.Deliveringspeechesinthestreet.B.Practicingwithdifferentpartners.C.Focusingonjustonepersonintheaudience.13.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Gotosleep.C.Handleherwork.【答案】B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Dear,howwasyourspeechatschool?W:Notatallsatisfying.Iwasshakinglikealeaf.M:Howe?momandIthoughtyouwerewellprepared.W:Itwaslikestagefright.IgotnervouswhenIspokeinpublic.M:Ah,well,youshouldhaveconfidenceinyourself.Anyway,itwasyourfirsttime.Ibelieveyoucandobetterafteryougetusedtospeakinginpublic.Afterall,practicemakesperfect.Andnexttime,trytofocusonjustonepersonintheaudience.W:Goodidea.Mr.GilessuggestedItrygivingspeechesinthestreet.AndyesterdayIreadabookthatsaidweshouldpracticewithdifferentpartners.M:Anyway,itwasover.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?momhastoworkovertime,soI’minchargeofthe第4頁/共28頁dinnertoday.W:Thanks,Dad.ButI’mgoingstraighttobed.Ihaven’thadagoodsleepthesedays.14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofKidsClay?A.Inspiring.B.C.Amusing.15.WhatcankidsdevelopbyworkingwithclayaccordingtoKevin?A.Courage.B.Patience.C.Concentration.16.WhichofthefollowinghasplayedasignificantroleinshapingKevin’scareerpath?A.Professionaltraining.B.Practicalexperience.C.Formalqualifications.17.WhatisKevin’steachingstyle?A.kidsincredibleideas.B.Showingkidseverystepclearly.C.Encouragingkidstoreleasecreativity.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Kevin,you’reseenasoneofthemosttalentedchildren’sartteachershere.Studentsoftenstayinyourprogramforyears.intoKidsClayandobservingtheenvironmentisquiteagoodexperience,whichnaturallyfuelsone’screativity.What’sthesecretbehindyoursuccess?M:Iworkwithclay,anunderestimatedmediumthatinspirescreativitywithoutmanyboundaries.canseeitwhenthekidsgetlostinapiece.Theygetsoabsorbedthatsometimestheydon’tevennoticewhensomeonespeakstothem.W:That’samazing.Whatinspiredyoutostartteaching?M:Afteradecadewithclay,IattendedaworkshopatIdyllwild,wheresomewomenmentionedanafterschoolprogram.Itstruckme—whatifIcouldsharemyknowledgewithchildren?formalqualifications,findingajobwastough,soIopenedmystudiotoneighborhoodkidsinsteadandthat’showmyprogrambegan.Ialwaysencouragekidstocreatewhatevertheyimagine.Whentheyeupwithanincredibleidea,myassistantandIfigureoutawaytohelpbringtheirideastolife.W:devotionandpassionaretrulyremarkable,Kevin.Thankyouforsharingyourinspiringjourneywithus.第5頁/共28頁18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Recallinghisyouthlife.B.PromotingaTVstudio.C.Sharinghispersonaljourney.19.Whointroducedthespeakertofilming?A.Hisfriend’sfather.B.Acameraoperator.C.Hisparents.20.Whichitemwereparticipantsrequiredtosupplythemselves?A.Recordingdevices.B.Powersources.C.Editingequipment.【答案】18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,everyone.I’mgladtobeherewithyoutoday.MyjourneyintovideomakingstartedwhenafriendinvitedmetovisitherfatheratworkinaTVstudio.Duringthevisit,thecameraoperatorgavemeachancetotryfilming,anditwasanincredibleexperience.Inspiredbythis,Iconvincedmyparentstosignmeupforafilmcourse.ThecourseraneverySaturdayfrom10a.m.to2p.m.,fromSeptembertoMaywithabreakinDecember.Inthefinalmonth,wehadextrasessionsintheafternoonstoprepareforourprojects.workedtogetheringroups.usedoursmallcamerasandequipmenttoseizethebeautyaroundus,turningeverydaymomentsintoshortvideosthattoldstories.Allthenecessaryequipment,likeputersandcameras,wasprovidedforus.Theonlythingwehadtobringwasbatteries.Attheendofthecourse,Ireceivedacertificate,whichmadeallthehardworkworthwhile.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A第6頁/共28頁·Removeorlocktheknobsonyourstovepetmaypushthestoveknobsjustenough40,000petsdieeachyearinhousefires;toignite(點燃)aburner.Knobcoversarean1,000firesarestartedbypetseachyearinexpensiveandeffectivewaytopreventthisfromhappening.Prepareaportableemergencykitwith·Donotleavecandlesunattendedenoughsuppliestolast7days.ExtinguishallopenflameswhenyouleaveaItshouldinclude:roomsotheyaren’ttippedoverwithapawor·Medicationsandmedicalrecordstail.·Leashes,harnessesorcarriersforsafeConsiderusingflamelesscandles.transport·PetProofyourhome·CurrentphotosincasetheyarelostGothroughyourhomeasifyou’re·Bowls,catlitterandpan,canopenerbabyproofingandgetridofanyloosewiresor·Plasticbagsandpapertowelstocleanupotherpotentialrisks.waste·BeawareofwaterbowlsonwoodendecksandpetbedsThehotraysofthesun,whenfilteredthrougha·Emergencycontactnumbersglasswaterbowl,canactuallyignitethewooden·FoodandbottledwaterdeckUseceramic(陶瓷的)orstainlesssteelinstead.第7頁/共28頁·ArrangeaSafe(警告)Sticker·Makean·KeepIdentificationonPlaceThesestickers,EmergencyKitPetArrangeaplaceforplacedonaHaveyourkitmadeKeepuptodatelicensepetstostayifyoufrontfacingandkeepitinasafeandcontactinformationleave.Donotleavewindow,willwarnlocationnearyouronyourpetatalltimes.yourpetsathome.IfrescueworkersoffrontdoorforeasyConsiderhavingpetsitisn’tsafeforyou,thepresenceofpetsaccess.microchipped.itisn’tsafeforthem!inyourhouse.Ifyouwanttolearnmore,pleasevisitingtonPost.21.Whatcanweknowabouttheemergencykit?A.Itscapacityshouldbeasbigaspossible.B.Itsmaterialsshouldabsorbwaterquickly.C.Itslocationshouldbesafefromdiscovery.D.Itscontentsshouldholdoutforseveraldays.22.Whyareceramicbowlsremended?A.Theycantakeinmuchsunlight.B.Theyarenoteasytobreak.C.Theycanavoidpotentialfirerisks.D.Theyarecheaperthanglassones.23.Whatdoestherescuealertstickerhelpdo?A.Preventfiresfromspreading.B.Identifyownersoflostpets.C.Remindrescuersofpetsinside.D.Guidepetstotheescaperoutes.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，圍繞寵物消防安全展開，介紹了家庭火災(zāi)中寵物相關(guān)的可怕數(shù)據(jù)、寵物應(yīng)急包的準(zhǔn)備清單、預(yù)防家庭火災(zāi)的建議以及火災(zāi)應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備措施，旨在幫助寵物主人保護寵物免受火災(zāi)威脅?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MAKEANEMERGENCYKIT”部分中“Prepareaportableemergencykitwithenoughsuppliestolast7days.(準(zhǔn)備一個便攜式應(yīng)急包，里面要有足夠維持7天的物資)”可知，應(yīng)急包的關(guān)鍵要求是物資能維持?jǐn)?shù)天。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TIPSFORPREVENTINGHOUSEFIRES”部分中“Beawareofwaterbowlsonwooden第8頁/共28頁decks.Thehotraysofthesun,whenfilteredthroughaglasswaterbowl,canactuallyignitethewoodendeckUseceramic(陶瓷的)orstainlesssteelinstead.(上可能點燃下方的木質(zhì)平臺。請改用陶瓷或不銹鋼材質(zhì)的水碗)”可知，推薦陶瓷碗的核心原因是玻璃碗會因聚光引發(fā)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險，而陶瓷碗能避免這種潛在的火災(zāi)隱患。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BEFORANEMERGENCY”部分中“GetaRescueAlert(警告)Sticker.Thesestickers,placedonafrontfacingwindow,willwarnrescueworkersofthepresenceofpetsinyourhouse.()作用是告知救援人員屋內(nèi)有寵物，以便救援時兼顧寵物安全。故選C項。BAtthestartofthisyear,ImadeafamiliarNewresolution—toplaythepianoagain.IlearneditasachildandevenpassedGrade8in1998,butafterhighschool,lifegotintheway.Foryears,Itriedtorestart.EachJanuary,Isatatthepiano,playedafewbarsofChopin,andgaveup.Then,somethingchanged.Lastyear,myyoungestchildbeganpianolessons.Ihelpedhimrecognizenotesandcelebratedhissimplesongs.himremindedmehowmuchIlovedpiano.Sittingathisfirstrecital(演奏會),Iknewitwastimetotryagain—seriouslythistime.BeforeIlostcourage,Iemailedhisteacher,Faria.Fariaweledadultlearners,andIwalkedtoherhouseinthesnowformyfirstlesson.startedwithbasicscalesandasimplepiece.mysurprise,myfingersstillrememberedsomeofthemovements.Ipracticedeverynightandslowlymadeprogress.Aftermorethantwodecades,Iwasplayingagain.Butaspiecesgrewharder,Istruggled.Oneday,Icouldn’tevenplayabasicscale.Ifeltembarrassedandthoughtaboutquittingoncemore.Thatweekend,Iwatchedmysonlearntodive.Hefailedagainandagainuntilhedidit.Irealizedlearninganythingnewismostlyaboutfailing.It’snottalent;it’spractice.Asadults,weoftenavoidwhatwe’renotgoodat.Butreturningtopianotaughtmesomethingdifferent.Now,IgivemyselfastickereachtimeIpractice—notforperfection,butforshowingup.Mykidsseemefail,tryagain,andslowlyimprove.There’snoexamahead,noperformance,butjustpractice—andthat’senough.24.Whatmadetheauthorreturntopianoseriously?A.Theurgetoperformatarecital.B.Theinspirationfromherchild.C.Theneedtoprepareforanexam.D.Theencouragementfromapianoteacher.25.Whydidtheauthorconsiderquittingpianoagain?第9頁/共28頁A.Sheachievedlimitedprogress.B.Shelostinterestinpiano.C.Shemademistakesfrequently.D.Shefailedtobalancepianoandfamily.26.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromherson’sdiving?A.Childrenlearnfasterthanadults.B.Masteringpianotakestalent.C.Sportsskillscontributetomusicprogress.D.Failureisanecessarypartoflearning.27.Whatattitudedoestheauthorholdtowardpianolearning?A.theprocess.B.Pursuingperfection.C.Increasingefficiency.D.Seekingprofessionalguidance.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在孩子的啟發(fā)下重新開始學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴，并從孩子學(xué)習(xí)跳水的經(jīng)歷中領(lǐng)悟到失敗是學(xué)習(xí)過程中必不可少的一部分。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Then,somethingchanged.Lastyear,myyoungestchildbeganpianolessons.Ihelpedhimrecognizenotesandcelebratedhissimplesongs.himremindedmehowmuchIlovedpiano.Sittingathisfirstrecital(演奏會),Iknewitwastimetotryagain—seriouslythistime.(去年，我最小的孩子開始上鋼琴課。我?guī)退J(rèn)音符，為他簡單的歌曲喝彩?？粗?，讓我想起我是多么熱愛鋼琴。坐在他的第一場演奏會上，我知道是時候再試一次了——這次是認(rèn)真的)”可知，是孩子對鋼琴的熱愛和練習(xí)激發(fā)了作者重新認(rèn)真學(xué)琴的決心。故選B項?！?5題詳解】Butaspiecesgrewharder,Istruggled.Oneday,Icouldn’tevenplayabasicscale.Ifeltembarrassedandthoughtaboutquittingoncemore.(不能彈奏基本的音階。我感到很尷尬，又一次想到了放棄)”可知，隨著曲子難度的增加，作者進步有限，感到挫敗，考慮再次放棄。故選A項。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thatweekend,Iwatchedmysonlearntodive.Hefailedagainandagainuntilhedidit.Irealizedlearninganythingnewismostlyaboutfailing.It’snottalent;it’spractice.(那個周末，我看著兒子學(xué)習(xí)跳水。他一次又一次地失敗，直到成功。我意識到學(xué)習(xí)任何新事物主要是關(guān)于失敗。這不是天賦，而是練習(xí))”可知，作者從兒子學(xué)習(xí)跳水的經(jīng)歷中意識到，失敗是學(xué)習(xí)過程中必不可少的一部分。故選D項?！?7題詳解】第10頁/共28頁推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Now,IgivemyselfastickereachtimeIpractice—notforperfection,butforshowingup.Mykidsseemefail,tryagain,andslowlyimprove.There’snoexamahead,noperformance,butjustpractice—andthat’senough.(現(xiàn)在，我每次練習(xí)都會給自己貼一張貼紙——不是為了追求完美，而是為了堅持到場練習(xí)。我的孩子們看到我失敗，再試一次，然后慢慢進步。前面沒有考試，沒有表演，只有練習(xí)——這就夠了)”可知，作者現(xiàn)在更注重練習(xí)的過程而非結(jié)果。故選A項。CExpertshavelongknownthatreadingskillsdevelopbeforekindergarten,butnewresearchfromtheHarvardGraduateSchoolofEducationsuggeststheymaybeginasearlyasinfancy(幼兒期).Thestudy,ledbyNadineGaab,foundthatdevelopmentaltrajectories(軌跡)betweenchildrenwithandwithoutreadingdisabilitiesstarttoaround18monthsofage.Itstressestheneedforearlyidentification,earlyintervention,andimprovedearlyliteracycoursesinpreschools.Gaabexplainedsomechildrenenterkindergartenwithalessdevelopedbrainforlearningtoread,andthatthesedifferencesappearintoddlerhood.currentlywaitinguntilsecondorthirdgradetofindkidswhoarestrugglingreaders,”shesaid.shouldintervenewayearlierbecauseweknowtheyoungerabrainis,themoreplasticitisforlanguageinput.”Gaabandhercoauthorsworkedwith130participants,startingasearlyas3monthsold.Foroveradecade,theyusedMRIscanstotrackbraindevelopmentfrominfancytochildhoodanditsrelationtoliteracyskills.TheirsampleincludedchildrenfromBostonandCanada,binedwithdatafromtheCalgaryPreschoolMRIDataset.Whileotherstudiestrackbraindevelopment,thisistheonlylongitudinal(縱向的)studythatfollowsbraindevelopmentfrominfancywithprehensiveliteracyoutes.“Thoseotherstudieshadbiggersamplesizes,buttheyweremorefocusedontypicalmaturation,”saidcoauthordidn’tseeotherstudiesthatstartedininfancy,trackedbrainmaturationinthesamesetofkidsforaslong,andincludedacademicoutemeasures.”Thefindingssuggestthatchildrenwhostrugglewithreadingmaybeginschoolalreadyshowingbraindifferencesthatliteracylearning.Gaabemphasizedthatunderstandingwhenandhowthesedifferencesarisecouldhelpimproveearlyscreeningandsupport.Shebelievessuchbasicresearchcaninformeducationpolicyandhelpmorechildrensucceedinreadingfromthestart.28.Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutreadingdisabilities?A.Theyemergeafterkindergarten.B.Theychangeaperson’scharacter.C.Theyaretoughtoidentifyearly.D.Theyappearmuchearlierthanassumed.第11頁/共28頁29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plastic”inparagraph2mean?A.Difficulttodamage.B.Easilyinfluencedorchanged.C.Capableofrememberingthingsquickly.D.Especiallysuitableforacquiringnewskills.30.Whataboutthestudydoesparagraph3focuson?A.Itsscientificbases.B.Itstechnologylimitations.C.Itssignificance.D.Itsprocess.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromwords?A.Largesamplesizesguaranteereliablefindings.B.Thefindingsmayhelpshapecoursesinpreschools.C.Thelongitudinalresearchmethodadoptedispioneering.D.maturationshouldbeinvolvedinfollowingstudies.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項關(guān)于兒童閱讀障礙的長期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀發(fā)展差異可能在孩子18個月大時就已出現(xiàn)，強調(diào)了早期識別和干預(yù)的重要性，并指出該研究對教育政策具有重要啟示?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Expertshavelongknownthatreadingskillsdevelopbeforekindergarten,butnewresearchfromtheHarvardGraduateSchoolofEducationsuggeststheymaybeginasearlyasinfancy(幼兒期).Thestudy,ledbyNadineGaab,foundthatdevelopmentaltrajectories(軌跡)betweenchildrenwithandwithoutreadingdisabilitiesstarttoaround18monthsofage.(專家們早就知道閱讀技能在幼兒園之前就開始發(fā)展，但哈佛大學(xué)教育研究生院的新研究表明，閱讀技能可能早在幼兒期就開始發(fā)展。由納丁·加布領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這項18)礙出現(xiàn)的時間比之前認(rèn)為的要早得多。故選D?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“shouldintervenewayearlierbecauseweknowtheyoungerabrainis,themoreplasticitisforlanguageinput.(我們應(yīng)該更早地進行干預(yù)，因為我們知道大腦越年輕，對語言輸入就越plastic。)”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，年齡越小，大腦對語言輸入的可塑性越強，即更容易受語言輸入的影響和改變。所以猜測plastic在此處表示“易受影響或改變的”。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Gaabandhercoauthorsworkedwith130participants,startingasearlyas3months第12頁/共28頁old.Foroveradecade,theyusedMRIscanstotrackbraindevelopmentfrominfancytochildhoodanditsrelationtoliteracyskills.TheirsampleincludedchildrenfromBostonandCanada,binedwithdatafromtheCalgaryPreschoolMRIDataset.(加布和她的合著者從3個月大的130名參與者開始研究。在十多年的時間里，他們使用核磁共振掃描來追蹤從嬰兒期到兒童期的大腦發(fā)育及其與讀寫能力的關(guān)系。他們的樣本包括來自波士頓和加拿大的兒童，并結(jié)合了卡爾加里學(xué)前核磁共振數(shù)據(jù)集的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，本段主要講述了研究的過程，包括研究對象、研究時間、研究方法以及數(shù)據(jù)來源等。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Thoseotherstudieshadbiggersamplesizes,buttheyweremorefocusedontypicalmaturation,”saidcoauthordidn’tseeotherstudiesthatstartedininfancy,trackedbrainmaturationinthesamesetofkidsforaslong,andincludedacademicoutemeasures.”(合著者泰德·圖雷斯基說：“其他那些研究樣本量更大，但它們更關(guān)注典型的成熟過程。我們沒有看到其他從嬰兒期開始，長期追蹤同一組孩子大腦成熟過程，并納入學(xué)業(yè)成果測量的研究?！?”可知，圖雷斯基的話表明該研究采用的縱向研究方法具有開創(chuàng)性。故選C。DItlookslikeit’sstraightoutofaicbook,butisareal,functioningtitanium(鈦)heart.Initiallydevelopedtobridgethewaitingperiodfortransplants(移植),themetaldevicewasfirstusedlastyearonhospitalpatientsindesperateneedofhumandonororgans.AccordingtoitscreatorsandSt.HospitalrepresentativesinSydney,Australia,thegroundbreakinginventionrecentlymarkedamajormilestone:amansurvivedforover100dayswithhisimplant,andwaseventemporarilydischargedfromhospitalwithitstillpumpingbloodinsidehim.Thetitaniumdevice’sunderlyingprincipleswerefirstproposedin2001byabiomedicalengineernamedDanielapipefitter’sson,startedbycopyingahumancirculatorysystemusinghardwarestorepipesandvalves(閥門),butoverthenext25years,developedwhatwouldbeeTheendresultworkswithoutanyactualvalvesandreliesonasinglemovingpart.Thismagneticallylevitatingrotor(磁懸浮轉(zhuǎn)子)spinsbetweenthetwochambersoftheheartwhileneveringintocontactwiththetitaniumframeitself,andthusgetsridoftheriskofgradualwearandtearorbreakdowns.Theentiredeviceweighslessthan1.5lbs,andispoweredbyanexternalbatterylocatedonthestomach.It’salsosmallenoughtofitinsidebothmenandwomen,aswellaschildrenasyoungas12yearsold.Researchalsosuggestscansupportanadultduringsevereexercise.Lastyear,doctorsintheUSandAustraliamadehistorybysuccessfullyfixingtheroughlyfistsizedpumpina第13頁/共28頁totaloffivepatients.Oneofthem,amaninhis40sdealingwithsevereheartfailure,couldonlymanagetowalkafewfeetbeforelosinghisbreath.Intheweeksfollowingthesixhourprocedure,however,thepatientregainedenoughstrengthandmobilitytoleavethehospitaluntiladonorheartbecameavailable.HereturnedtoreceivehisoperationinearlyMarch,andisnowrecovering,accordingtoanannouncementfromSt.Hospital.32.WhatwastheoriginalpurposeofA.serveasatemporaryalternative.B.replacedonororganspletely.C.testtheadaptabilityoftitaniumdevices.D.helppatientsrecoverquicklyafterheartsurgery.33.Whatenablesdesigntoreducetheriskofbreakdowns?A.Anexternalpowersource.B.Themultiplemechanicalvalves.C.Asinglesuspendedponent.D.Thelightweighttitaniumstructure.34.Whyisthemanpatientmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.demonstratetheeffectivenessofB.showthatcancuresevereheartfailure.C.parewithotherheartreplacementdevices.D.explainhowispositionedinthepatient’sbody.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSecretsBehindB.JourneyfromIdeatoPracticalUseC.AdvantagesinMakingArtificialHeartsD.ASolutiontotheProblemofHeartDonorShortage【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】特設(shè)計原理、性能特點以及在臨床應(yīng)用中的突破性進展。【32題詳解】Initiallydevelopedtobridgethewaitingperiodfortransplants(移植),themetaldevicewasfirstusedlastyearonhospitalpatientsindesperateneedofhumandonororgans.(該金屬裝置最初是為了填)”可知，最初的研發(fā)目的是作為患者等待心臟移植期間的臨時替代方案。故選A項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theendresultworkswithoutanyactualvalvesandreliesonasinglemovingpart.Thismagneticallylevitatingrotor(磁懸浮轉(zhuǎn)子)spinsbetweenthetwochambersoftheheartwhilenevering第14頁/共28頁intocontactwiththetitaniumframeitself,andthusgetsridoftheriskofgradualwearandtearorbreakdowns.(最終的成品沒有任何實際的瓣膜，僅依靠一個活動部件。這個磁懸浮轉(zhuǎn)子在心臟的兩個腔室之間旋轉(zhuǎn)，且從)”可知，設(shè)計中減少故障風(fēng)險的關(guān)C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneofthem,amaninhis40sdealingwithsevereheartfailure,couldonlymanagetowalkafewfeetbeforelosinghisbreath.Intheweeksfollowingthesixhourprocedure,however,thepatientregainedenoughstrengthandmobilitytoleavethehospitaluntiladonorheartbecameavailable.(其中一名40多歲的男性患者患有嚴(yán)重的心力衰竭，術(shù)前僅能行走幾步就會氣喘吁吁。然而，在長達(dá)六小時的植入手術(shù)后的幾周內(nèi)，該患者逐漸恢復(fù)了足夠的體力和行動能力，得以出院等待合適的捐贈心臟)”可知，該段提到一位40多歲的嚴(yán)重心力衰竭患者，術(shù)前僅能走幾步就氣喘吁吁，而在植入后的幾周內(nèi)，他恢復(fù)了的介持正常生理功能并恢復(fù)狀態(tài)。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Itlookslikeit’sstraightoutofaicbook,butisareal,functioningtitanium(鈦)heart.Initiallydevelopedtobridgethewaitingperiodfortransplants(移植),themetaldevicewasfirstusedlastyearonhospitalpatientsindesperateneedofhumandonororgans.(它看起來就像直接從漫畫書里待期而研發(fā)的，去年首次用于急需人類捐贈器官的住院患者身上)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章開篇介紹是真實可用的鈦合金人工心臟及其最初用途；第三段講述其設(shè)計原理的提出（2001年Daniel25年的研發(fā)過程；第四段說明其重量、動力來源等性能特點；最后兩段介紹其去年在美澳的完整歷程展開，B選項“：從理念構(gòu)想到實際應(yīng)用的歷程”，符合主題，適合用作標(biāo)題。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Intoday’sworld,weareconstantlysurroundedbymedia—fromnewspapersandtelevisiontosocialmedia.Facedwiththisfloodofmessages,howcanwetellwhat’strue,what’sbiased,andwhat’smeanttoinfluenceus?第15頁/共28頁____36____Medialiteracy(素養(yǎng))istheabilitytoidentifydifferenttypesofmediaandunderstandthemessagesthey’resending.It’srecognizedasakeyskillinthe21stcentury.____37____Therefore,learninghowtothinkcriticallyaboutmediaisnotjusthelpful—it’sessential.____38____Asearlyasthe1920s,organizationsintheUKencouragedpeopletobemorethoughtfulmediausers.Atthetime,thegoalwasmostlytoprotectaudiences,especiallyyoungpeople,frommediainfluence.However,withtheriseoftelevision,mediaconsumptiononlygrew,whileinterestinteachingmedialiteracydeclined.ThingsbegantochangeagainwiththearrivaloftheInternetandmobiledevices.____39____Thisshiftlededucatorsandresearcherstorenewtheirfocus—notonavoidingmedia,butonusingitwisely.Researchconfirmsthebenefitsofeducationofmedialiteracy.Medialiteracyprogramscanreducebodydissatisfaction,especiallyamongyoungwomenexposedtounrealisticbeautystandards.____40____Thesefindingssuggestthatmedialiteracynotonlyprotectsusfromharm,butalsosupportshealthier,morethoughtfulliving.So,howcanwepracticemedialiteracy?Expertssuggestexaminingmediathroughfourlenses:cognitive(whatitsays),emotional(howitfeels),aesthetic(howitlooks),andmoral(whatvaluesitpromotes).Bydoingso,webeemoreactiveandempoweredmediausers.AThat’swheremedialiteracyesin.B.Theconceptofmedialiteracyhasalonghistory.C.Now,peoplecanaccessmediaanytimeandanywhere.D.Thisislikelytopromoteyourhealthandhappiness.E.Theycanalsopreventthespreadofmisinformation.F.Studiesshowthatmediacaninfluenceourbehaviorsoftenwithoutusrealizingit.G.Modernmedialiteracyeducationteachespeopletoquestionwhattheyseeandhear.【答案】36A37.F38.B39.C40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章強調(diào)了在信息爆炸的時代，具備媒體素養(yǎng)是關(guān)鍵技能，有助于人們批判性地看待媒體信息?！?6題詳解】第16頁/共28頁由上文“Facedwiththisfloodofmessages,howcanwetellwhat’strue,what’sbiased,andwhat’smeanttoinfluenceus?(面對這海量的信息，我們該如何分辨真假、識別偏見，以及判斷哪些信息旨在影響我們？)”可知，前文提出了分辨媒體信息的難題，空格處需引出解決辦法。A項“That’swheremedialiteracyesin.()”符合語境，Thatmedialiteracyesin”直接引出下文要介紹的核心概念，承上啟下。故選A項?！?7題詳解】由上文“It’srecognizedasakeyskillinthe21stcentury.(它被視為21世紀(jì)的一項關(guān)鍵技能。)”和下文“Therefore,learninghowtothinkcriticallyaboutmediaisnotjusthelpful—it’sessential.(看待媒體不僅有益，而且必不可少。)”可知，空格處需說明媒體素養(yǎng)重要的原因。F項“Studiesshowthatmediacaninfluenceourbehaviorsoftenwithoutusrealizingit.(們的行為。)mediacaninfluenceourbehaviorstherefore引導(dǎo)的結(jié)論形成因果邏輯，銜接緊密。故選F項?！?8題詳解】由下文“Asearlyasthe1920s,organizationsintheUKencouragedpeopletobemorethoughtfulmediausers.(早在20世紀(jì)20年代，英國的一些組織就鼓勵人們成為更具思考能力的媒體使用者。)”可知，本段圍繞媒體B項“Theconceptofmedialiteracyhasalonghistory.(媒體素養(yǎng)的概念有著悠久的歷史。)along