高三英語閱讀理解(社會文化)技巧小結(jié)及練習(xí)題一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解TheatersofthePast

TheGreekTheater

TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的)actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.

TheMedievalTheater

TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師)toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.

TheElizabethanTheater

TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.

TheRestorationTheater

Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?A.Toholdalargeaudience.B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?A.TheGreekTheater.B.TheMedievalTheater.C.TheElizabethanTheater.D.TheRestorationTheater.（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?A.Colorfulmaskswereused.B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了四個(gè)古代的劇院。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希臘的劇院建在自然開闊的地方，建在形狀方便的山上。這使得一大群人可以一次欣賞一場演出，可知，希臘劇院建在山上是為了讓更多的觀眾可以一起欣賞演出。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演員們不得不通過他們的聲音和對話來創(chuàng)造一個(gè)場景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演員的聲音和言語能幫助創(chuàng)造場景。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.”舞臺是一個(gè)非常聰明的想法，因?yàn)槲枧_兩側(cè)的大背板上都畫著場景)可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞臺設(shè)計(jì)非常巧妙。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.B.Itcanhelpthe:nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethingsC.ItisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakersD.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法來增加本族語言的使用，否則，他們的本族語言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能說他們本族語言的本地美國人的數(shù)量在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍?，會說本族語的美國土著的人數(shù)在過去的一個(gè)多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的

歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來提升族人的本族語使用能力?？芍?，如果越來越多的族人只說英語，他們將會失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，這個(gè)部落只有125人可以說自己民族的語言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說這種語言了，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國印第安人在民族語言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對這一問題的解決方案：美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來增加本族語使用人數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問題的擔(dān)心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。FantasticFallFestivalsYouWon'tWanttoMiss

SeymourAppleFestival

AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!Morethan15,000peoplefromallovertheregioncomeouttotakepartintheactivities,rangingfromdrawings,vendorbooths,food,applecontests,bike-decoratingcontests,andmore.

MarionvilleAppleFestival

ThepopularMarionvilleAppleFestivalishometocountlessactivitiesandevents.Thecarnival,ponyrides,andgameswillkeepthekidsbusy,whileadultswillenjoywatchingthepie-eatingcontestandbrowsingdozensofcraftvendorbooths.

HumansvilleFallFestival

TheHumansvilleFallFestivalmaybehostedbyasmalltownbutthatdoesn'tmeanit'slackingbigfun.Perfectforallages,thisfallfestivaliscelebratingits70thyearandwillprovidethreefulldaysoffun.Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.You'llalsofindfuncarnivalrides,talentedartisanssellingtheirgoods,andanamazingparadetowrapuptheeventonSaturday.

SouthsideFallFestival

TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.Enjoyacolorfulparadeandfloatcontest,deliciousfoodvendors,livemusic,karaoke,andmore.

FallIntoArtsFestival

Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.（1）Whichfestivalsarefreeofcharge?A.

SouthsideFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.B.

SeymourAppleFestivalandSouthsideFallFestival.C.

HumansvilleFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.D.

SeymourAppleFestivalandMarionvilleAppleFestival.（2）WhatmakesHumansvilleFallFestivalspecialthisyear?A.

FunactivitiesonSaturday.B.

Thedurationofthefestival.C.

Theareaofthehostingtown.D.

Musicians'liveperformance.（3）FallIntoArtsFestivalisspeciallywelcomedby________.A.

movielovers

B.

modernartists

C.

visitorsofallages

D.

familieswithkids【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾個(gè)秋季的節(jié)日。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SeymourAppleFestival部分中的“AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!”可知，西摩蘋果節(jié)的門票是免費(fèi)的，娛樂也是免費(fèi)的！和SouthsideFallFestival部分中的“TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.”可知，此節(jié)日也是免費(fèi)入場。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

HumansvilleFallFestival部分中的“Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.”可知，今年的音樂節(jié)將以當(dāng)?shù)貎?yōu)秀音樂家的現(xiàn)場音樂為特色，使它有別于往年。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)FallIntoArtsFestival部分中的“Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.”可知，秋季藝術(shù)節(jié)既有許多孩子喜愛的活動，也有為父母準(zhǔn)備的活動，故特別受到有孩子的家庭的歡迎。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Uncoveramagicalmixofnewandunforgettableexperienceswhenyouaddthemeparkadmission.

Item1:Anall-NewLanaandEveningShowatDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemepork

BuryyourselfinthemagicofnaturelikeneverbeforeatPandora-TheWorldofAvatar.Visitthisdestinationtostartinnovative(革新的)travelandenjoythemeddiningandshoppingopportunities.Andatnight,treatyoursensetoRiversofLight–anincrediblemixtureofwater,soundandlight!

Item2:DazzlingNewShowsatMagicKingdomPark

GetreadytowonderatOnceUponaTime,anewnightprojectionshowthatbringsCinderellaCastletolifewithprojectionsofbelovedDisneyscenesandcharacters.Inaddition,catchtheimpressiveHappilyEverAfterninthwhenitisperformedforthefirsttimeonMay12,2017.Item3:AttractiveEscapadesatEpcot

BoardanancientNorwegianshipandgotothekingdomofArendelleduringaFrozenEverAfteradventure.Then,stopbytheRoyalSommerhustomeetAnnaandElsa—andmaybeevenstartawarmhug.Longingforanairadventure?Takeflightonthere-imagineSoarin'andfeelasthoughyou'reflyingabovesomeoftheearth'smostsurprisinglandmarksandlandscapes.Item4:EpicEntertainmentatDisney'sHollywoodStudios

CatchexcellentstageshowslikeBeautyandtheBeast—LiveonStage,havefunplayingvirtualgamesonToyStoryMania!,andwrapupyourdaywithStarWars:AGalacticSpectacular,alaserandspecialeffectsshowsettoaniconicmusicalscore.

SeriousShopping,One-of-a-KindEateriesandWorld-ClassActsatDisneySprings.

Discoverawaterfrontdestinationfilledwithmorethan150placestoshop,dineandbeentertained—includingbrandnamestores,restaurantswithrooftoproomsandtheonlyplaceintheworldtoseeCirqueduSoleilTMLaNouba.（1）WhatdoItemIandItem4haveincommon?A.

Diningandshopping.

B.

Adventureanddining.C.

Shoppingandperformance.

D.

Shoppingandadventure.（2）Wherecanvisitorsfindacastle?A.

AtEpcot.

B.

AtMagicKingdomPark.C.

AtDisney'sHollywoodStudios.

D.

AtDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemePark.（3）HowcanvisitorsarriveatthekingdomofArendelle?A.

Byair.

B.

Onfoot.

C.

Byship.

D.

Bytrain.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹主題公園的特點(diǎn)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Item1:Anall-NewLanaandEveningShowatDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemepork部分中的“andenjoythemeddiningandshoppingopportunities.”和Item4:EpicEntertainmentatDisney'sHollywoodStudios部分中的“Discoverawaterfrontdestinationfilledwithmorethan150placestoshop,dineandbeentertained”由此可知，ItemI和Item4都涉及到了Dining和shopping.故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Item2:DazzlingNewShowsatMagicKingdomPark部分中的“GetreadytowonderatOnceUponaTime,anewnightprojectionshowthatbringsCinderellaCastletolifewithprojectionsofbelovedDisneyscenesandcharacters.”可知，人們在MagicKingdomPark.能找到一個(gè)城堡。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Item3:AttractiveEscapadesatEpcot部分中的“BoardanancientNorwegianshipandgotothekingdomofArendelleduringaFrozenEverAfteradventure”.可知，游客坐船可以到thekingdomofArendelle。故選C。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

GuesswhatformerAustralianPrimeMinisterKevinRudd,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergandUnitedStatespresidentDonaldTrump'sgranddaughter,ArabellaKushner,haveincommon?TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.

AlthoughChineseisknownasoneofthehardestlanguagestolearn,alotofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsarestudyingitwithhopesofbigbenefits.

Nov2sawmorethan120people,comingfrom105countries,competeinthefinalsofthe12th"ChineseBridge"ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforforeignsecondaryschoolstudents.HeldinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,thefinalswasmainlymadeupofspeechcontestsandtalentshows.ThecontestantsalsovisitedtheShaolinTemple,LongmenGrottoesandotherhistoricalsitesinHenan.

WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.

Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,developedastrongemotionalconnectionwithChinaafterhergrandmotherwascuredbydoctorsoftheChinesemedicalteaminAfricathreeyearsago.ThisledhertolearnChineseatalocalConfuciusInstitute.

FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina."MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorsdid,"shesaid.

ForFeketeMarcellZoltan,17,fromtheHungarian-ChineseBilingualSchool,studyingChinesemaysecurehimafuturejobasaHungariandiplomat(外交官)toChina."Aftergraduationfromhighschool,IwouldliketofurthermystudiesinChina,"hesaid.

RobertDavis,directoroftheChinese-languageprograminChicago'spublicschoolsystem,maygiveyouahint."Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld."hetoldCGTN.（1）WhyareMarkZuckerbergandArabellaKushnermentionedinparagraphone?A.ToshowChineseispopular.B.Tointroducethemtothereaders.C.TotellthereaderstheyloveChina.D.TostresstheimportanceoflearningChinese.（2）TheunderlinedwordFascinatedinparagraph6canbereplacedby______.A.AttractedB.EmployedC.InspectedD.Appreciated（3）WhatisthecommonreasonforthecompetitorstolearnChinese?A.It'seasytolearn.B.Theywanttobecomeadoctor.C.Theyhopeforagoodjobaftergraduation.D.TheyhaveinterestinChinesecultureandrapiddevelopment.（4）WhatisRobertDavis'attitudetolearningChinese?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Upset.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了漢語變得越來越受歡迎這一現(xiàn)象。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亞的首相KevinRudd,臉譜CEOMarkZuckerbergand川普的孫女ArabellaKushner,是為了突出他們都在學(xué)漢語，從而表明漢語很流行，所以選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第六段中的“FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina.”可知是由于被中國文化吸引，參賽者參加各種有關(guān)中醫(yī)以及民間藝術(shù)的活動，所以fascinated表示吸引，故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段“WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.”可知這些參賽者們學(xué)習(xí)漢語的共同原因是他們對中國文化和發(fā)展感興趣，所以選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld.”可知他認(rèn)為漢語將會像英語一樣在全世界廣泛應(yīng)用，所以他對學(xué)習(xí)漢語的態(tài)度是支持的，所以選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

"Ouraimistotakeourarttotheworldandmakepeopleunderstandwhatitistomove,"saidDavidBelle,thefounderofparkour.

Doyouloverunning?Itisagoodexercise,yetmanypeoplefinditboring.Butwhatifmakingyourmorningjogacreativeone?Likejumpingfromwallsandovergaps,andgroundrolls?JustlikeJamesBondinthemovieCasinoRoyale?Bondjumpsdownfromarooftoawindowsillandthenrunsseveralblocksoverobstaclesontheway.ItisjustbecauseofBond'swonderfulperformancesthatthesporthasbecomepopularworldwide.

Yes,that'sparkour,anextremestreetsportaimedatmovingfromonepointtoanotherasquicklyaspossible,gettingoverallthebarriersinthepathusingonlytheabilitiesofthehumanbody.Parkourisconsideredanextremesport.Asitsparticipantsdasharoundacity,theymayjumpoverfences,runupwallsandevenmovefromrooftoptorooftop.

Parkourcanbejustasexcitingandcharmingasitsounds,butitsparticipantsseeparkourmuchmorethanthat.

Overcomingalltheobstaclesonthecourseandinlifeispartofthephilosophybehindparkour.Thisisthesameaslife.Youmustdetermineyourdestination,gostraight,jumpoverallthebarriersasifinparkourandneverfallbackinyourlife,toreachthedestinationsuccessfully.Aparkourloversaid,"Iloveparkourbecauseitsphilosophyhasbecomemylife,mywaytodoeverything."

Anotherphilosophywe'velearntfromparkourisfreedom.Itcanbedonebyanyone,atanytime,anywhereintheworld.Itisakindofexpressionoftrustinyourself.（1）Parkourhasbecomepopularthroughouttheworldbecauseof

.A.itsfounder,DavidBelleB.thevarietiesofparticipantsC.itsrisksandtricksD.thefilm,CasinoRoyale（2）Theunderlinedword"obstacles"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto"

".A.streetsB.objectsC.roofsD.barriers（3）Whichofthefollowingisthephilosophyofparkour?A.Sportsandextremes.B.Determinationandfreedom.C.Dreamsandsuccess.D.Excitementandpopularity.（4）Whichofthefollowingistrueofparkour?A.Itisateamsport.B.Itisagoodbutboringsport.C.Itneedsspecialtraining.D.Itchallengeshumanabilities.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了跑酷運(yùn)動的起源、特點(diǎn)和此運(yùn)動蘊(yùn)含的哲理。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的‘’JustlikeJamesBondinthemovieCasinoRoyale?Bondjumpsdownfromarooftoawindowsillandthenrunsseveralblocksoverobstaclesontheway.ItisjustbecauseofBond'swonderfulperformancesthatthesporthasbecomepopularworldwide.”可知因?yàn)镴amesBond在電影CasinoRoyale中的精彩跑酷表演使得這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動在全世界流行，故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“that'sparkour,anextremestreetsportaimedatmovingfromonepointtoanotherasquicklyaspossible,gettingoverallthebarriersinthepathusingonlytheabilitiesofthehumanbody.”可知跑酷的目的是盡可能快地從一個(gè)地方移動到另一個(gè)地方，利用人體的能力越過道路上的所有障礙。畫線部分overobstaclesontheway.與gettingoverallthebarriersinthepath意思一致，指跨越路上的障礙。obstacles與barriers同義，故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“Overcomingalltheobstaclesonthecourseandinlifeispartofthephilosophybehindparkour.Thisisthesameaslife.Youmustdetermineyourdestination,gostraight,jumpoverallthebarriers”可知跑酷蘊(yùn)含的哲理是決心；第六段中的“Anotherphilosophywe'velearntfromparkourisfreedom.”可知蘊(yùn)含的另一個(gè)哲理是自由。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Parkourisconsideredanextremesport.”；第四段中的“Parkourcanbejustasexcitingandcharmingasitsounds.”可知跑酷是極限運(yùn)動，像聽起來那樣刺激和迷人。因此它挑戰(zhàn)人類的能力。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Onhearingthewords"Justdoit!",youwillknowthereisaNikeproductnearby.Ifit's“AlwaysCoca-Cola”,youcanbesuresomeonewantstosellyouarefreshingdrink.

Anadvertisingslogan(廣告標(biāo)語)istoabrandwhateyesaretoaperson.Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinsidepeople'sminds.It'salmostcertainthateverybrandhasapopularslogan.

Hereareafewexamples:

"Justdoit!"-Thissloganspeaksouttoteens.Ittellsthemtodosomething,butonlyiftheythinkit'sworthit.Andifso,whynotdoitwearingNike?

"AlwaysCoca-Cola."-Coke'ssloganschangeeveryfewyears,butthisonehasenjoyedalastingpopularitybecauseitshowsthebrand'sspirit.Itseemstosay"Cokeistheonlydrinkthereis;therearenootherformsofdrinks."

"Sharemoments,sharelife."-ThissloganfromKodakconnectsphotosandbeauty.Itaskspeopletorememberthehappymomentsinlifebytakingphotosofthem-usingKodakfilmofcourse!（1）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustDoIt!B.SloganAndBrandC.FamousSlogansD.WhatIsAGoodSlogan?（2）Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedsentence(paragraph2)?A.Agoodadvertisingsloganshoulddrawpeople'sattention.B.Abrandshouldhaveanadvertisingsloganjustaspeoplehaveeyes.C.Anadvertisingsloganisasimportanttoabrandaseyesaretoaperson.D.Anadvertisingsloganactsastheeyesofabrand.（3）Theword"them"inthelastparagraphrefersto____.A.peopleB.thehappymomentsC.photosandbeautyD.Kodakfilm（4）Whichofthefollowingtablescanbestmatchthesloganswiththeirbrands?A.B.C.D.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了品牌與標(biāo)語之間的關(guān)系。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Onhearingthewords‘Justdoit!’,youwillknowthereisaNikeproductnearby.Ifit's‘AlwaysCoca-Cola’,youcanbesuresomeonewantstosellyouarefreshingdrink.”介紹了品牌與標(biāo)語之間的關(guān)系，下文舉了幾個(gè)例子，故選B。（2）考查句義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinsidepeople'sminds.”標(biāo)語幫助人們更好地理解品牌，告訴他們它想賣給顧客什么。好的標(biāo)語在人們的頭腦中留下了一個(gè)信息?？芍?，使用“Anadvertisingslogan(廣告標(biāo)語)istoabrandwhateyesaretoaperson.”作者把標(biāo)語對于品牌的作用比作眼睛對于人的作用，也就是說廣告標(biāo)語對一個(gè)品牌和眼睛對一個(gè)人一樣重要。故選C。（3）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itaskspeopletorememberthehappymomentsinlifebytakingphotosofthem-usingKodakfilmofcourse!”可知，them指的是前文的“happymoments”。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinsidepeople'sminds.(標(biāo)語幫助人們更好地理解品牌，告訴他們它想賣給顧客什么。好的標(biāo)語在人們的頭腦中留下了一個(gè)信息?？芍?，表格中的第一條“Obeyyourthirst”服從你的渴望，標(biāo)語當(dāng)中的“thirst”有口渴的意思，故可能跟飲料有關(guān)；根據(jù)常識可知，這是飲料雪碧的廣告語。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測，句義猜測和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

GOINGTOUNIVERSITYissupposedtobeamind-broadeningexperience.Thatstatementisprobablymadeincomparisontotrainingforworkstraightafterschool,whichmightnotbesoencouraging.Butisitactuallytrue?JessikaGolleoftheUniversityofTübingen,inGermany,thoughtshewouldtrytofindout.Herresult,however,isnotquitewhatmightbeexpected.AsshereportsinPsychologicalSciencethisweek,shefoundthatthosewhohavebeentouniversitydoindeedseemtoleavewithbroaderandmoreinquiringmindsthanthosewhohavespenttheirimmediatepost-schoolyearsinvocational(職業(yè)的)trainingforwork.However,itwasnotthecasethatuniversitybroadenedminds.Rather,workseemedtonarrowthem.

Dr.Gollecametothisconclusionaftersheandateamofcolleaguesstudiedtheearlycareersof2,095Germanyoungsters.Theteamusedtwostandardizedteststoassesstheirvolunteers.Onewasofpersonalitytraits,includingopenness,conscientiousness（認(rèn)真）andsoon.Theotherwasofattitudes,suchasrealistic,investigativeandenterprising.Theyadministeredbothteststwice—oncetowardstheendofeachvolunteer'stimeatschool,andthenagainsixyearslater.Oftheoriginalgroup,382wereontheintermediatetrack,fromwhichtherewasachoicebetweentheacademicandvocationalroutes,anditwasonthesethattheresearchersfocused.Universitybeckonedfor212ofthem.Theremaining170chosevocationaltrainingandajob.

Whenitcametothesecondroundoftests,Dr.Gollefoundthatthepersonalitiesofthosewhohadgonetouniversityhadnotchangedsignificantly.Thosewhohadundergonevocationaltrainingandthengotjobswerenotthatmuchchangedinpersonality,either—exceptinonecrucialrespect.Theyhadbecomemoreconscientious.

Thatsoundslikeagoodthing,certainlycomparedwiththecommonpublicimageofundergraduatesasabunchoflazybones.Butchangesinattitudethattheresearchersrecordedwereratherworrying.Intheuniversitygroup,again,noneweredetectable.Butthosewhohadchosenthevocationalrouteshowedmarkeddropsininterestintasksthatareinvestigativeandenterprisinginnature.Andthatmightrestricttheirchoiceofcareers.

Someinvestigativeandenterprisingjobs,suchasscientificresearch,are,indeedbeyondthedegreeless.Butmany,particularlyinGermany,withitstraditionofvocationaltraining,arenot.Theresearchersmention,forexample,computerprogrammersandfinance-sectorworkersascareersr