2025年托?？谡Z模擬測試卷：語音語調(diào)與發(fā)音解析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分directions:Youwillnowbeaskedaquestionaboutashortconversation.First,youwillheartheconversation.Then,youwillhearthequestionabouttheconversation.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven.Youshouldanswerthequestionbasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Aconversationtakesplacebetweentwostudents,MarkandLisa.Mark:HeyLisa,haveyoufinishedreadingthechapteronplanetarymotionforProfessorDavid'sastronomyclassyet?Lisa:Yes,Ihave.It'squitefascinating,actually.Iespeciallylikedthepartabouttheellipticalorbits.Butitwasabitchallengingtograsptheconceptofgravitationalforceatdifferentpointsintheorbit.Mark:Iknowwhatyoumean.Ispentalotoftimetryingtounderstandhowtheforcechangesasdistancevaries.DoyouthinkProfessorDavidwillaskustoexplainKepler'slawsduringthelecturetomorrow?Lisa:I'mnotsure.Heoftensurprisesuswiththetopicshecoversinclass.Butbasedonthereading,Ibelievethethirdlawisthemostcrucialonetorememberfortheexam.Itrelatestheorbitalperiodtothedistancefromthesun.Mark:Okay,thanksforthetip.I'llmakesuretoreviewthatsectionthoroughly.Doyouwanttostudytogetherlaterthisweek?Maybewecanworkthroughsomepracticeproblems.Lisa:Thatsoundslikeagreatidea.Let'smeetatthelibraryonWednesdayeveningaround7PM.Now,listentothequestion.Question:WhatdoesLisasuggestMarkdoregardingthereadingmaterial?(Pauseforaudio)Secondpartdirections:Youwillnowbeaskedaquestionaboutalectureoratalk.First,youwillhearthelectureortalk.Then,youwillhearthequestionaboutthelectureortalk.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven.Youshouldanswerthequestionbasedonthelectureortalkyouhavejustheard.Alectureisgivenbyaprofessoronenvironmentalscience.Professor:Goodmorning,everyone.Today,we'regoingtodiscusstheimpactofurbanizationonlocalecosystems.Ascitiesexpand,theyoftenencroachuponnaturalhabitats,leadingtowhatwecallhabitatfragmentation.Thisfragmentationcanhaveseveraldetrimentaleffectsonwildlifepopulations.Onemajoreffectisthereductionofgeneticdiversity.Whenanimalpopulationsaredividedintosmaller,isolatedgroups,theyhavelessopportunitytointerbreed.Thislimitedgeneflowcanmakethemmoresusceptibletodiseasesandlessadaptabletoenvironmentalchanges,potentiallyleadingtoahigherriskoflocalextinction.Anothersignificantimpactisthedisruptionofmigrationpatterns.Manyspeciesrelyonspecificroutesforfeeding,breeding,oroverwintering.Urbandevelopment,suchastheconstructionofhighwaysorhousingcomplexes,canblocktheseessentialpathways,forcinganimalstoseekalternativeroutesorfaceincreasedmortality.Furthermore,urbanareasoftenattractcertainspecieswhiledeterringothers.Forexample,somebirdsmaybedrawntocityparksforfoodandshelter,whileothersmayavoidthenoiseandpollution.Thiscanalterthecompositionoflocalcommunitiesandsometimesintroduceinvasivespeciesthatoutcompetenativefloraandfauna.Inconclusion,whileurbanizationoffersnumerousbenefitstohumanpopulations,it'scrucialthatwedevelopstrategiestomitigateitsnegativeeffectsontheenvironment.Techniquessuchascreatinggreencorridors,preservingnaturalbuffersaroundcities,andimplementingsustainableurbanplanningcanhelpmaintainecologicalconnectivityandprotectbiodiversityinthefaceofongoingurbangrowth.Now,listentothequestion.Question:Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisonewaythaturbanizationcannegativelyaffectanimalspecies?(Pauseforaudio)Thirdpartdirections:Youwillnowbeaskedaquestionaboutareadingpassageandalecture.First,youwillreadapassageandlistentoalectureonthesametopic.Then,youwillhearaquestionaboutthelecture.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven.Youshouldanswerthequestionbasedonwhatyouhavereadandheard.Youwillnowreadapassageaboutthebenefitsofpublictransportation.Theexpansionofpublictransportationsystemsoffersnumerousadvantagesforbothurbanenvironmentsandtheirresidents.First,itsignificantlyreducestrafficcongestion.Byprovidinganalternativetoprivatevehicles,publictransportcandecreasethenumberofcarsontheroad,leadingtoshortercommutetimesforeveryone.Thisisparticularlybeneficialduringpeakhourswhentrafficcanbesevere.Second,publictransportationismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanprivatecars.Buses,trains,andtrams,especiallythoseelectricallypowered,emitfewergreenhousegasesperpassengermilecomparedtoindividualvehicles.Thishelpscitiesmeettheirsustainabilitygoalsandcontributestocleanerairquality,reducingpollution-relatedhealthissues.Additionally,investinginpublictransportcanstimulateeconomicdevelopment.Well-connectedtransitsystemsmakeiteasierforpeopletoaccessjobs,education,andhealthcare,therebyincreasinglaborforceparticipationandimprovingoverallqualityoflife.Furthermore,publictransitinfrastructureoftenattractsbusinessesandincreasespropertyvaluesinsurroundingareas.However,theeffectivenessofpublictransportationdependsheavilyonitsaccessibilityandreliability.Iftransitroutesareinfrequent,poorlytimed,ordifficulttonavigate,theymaynotservetheirintendedpurpose.Therefore,continuousinvestmentinimprovingservicefrequency,coverage,anduser-friendlinessisessentialtomaximizethebenefitsofpublictransport.Now,youwilllistentoalecturethatpresentssomedifferentviewpoints.Lecturer:Well,whilethepassagehighlightssomepositiveaspectsofpublictransportation,Iwouldn'tentirelyagreewithitsoptimisticoutlook.Theauthormentionsreducedtrafficcongestion,butthat'softennotthewholestory.Inmanycities,theconstructionofnewtransitlinesrequiressignificantlanduse,sometimesdisplacingcommunitiesordestroyinggreenspaces.So,whileitmighteasetrafficononestreet,itcancreatenewproblemselsewhere.Also,regardingenvironmentalbenefits,thepassageconvenientlyoverlooksthemassiveenergyconsumptionrequiredtopowerthesetransitsystems.Trainsandbusesareenergy-intensivemachines.Iftheelectricityusedcomesfromfossilfuels,theenvironmentalimpactmightnotbesignificantlylowerthandrivingacar.It'snotasimplecomparisonofemissionsperpassenger.Andlet'snotforgetaboutthecost.Thepassagetalksabouteconomicstimulus,butitcompletelyignorestheenormousfinancialburdenontaxpayers.Buildingandmaintainingpublictransportinfrastructureisincrediblyexpensive,andthecostsareoftenpassedontothepublicthroughhighfaresorincreasedtaxes.Noteveryonebenefitsequallyfromthisexpense,especiallythosewhodon'tusethetransitsystem.Finally,thepassageassumesthatpeoplewillautomaticallyswitchfromdrivingtopublictransportifit'savailable.Inreality,manypeopleprefertheconvenienceandflexibilityofprivatevehicles.Theycantravelwhenevertheywant,gowherevertheyplease,anddon'thavetoworryaboutschedulesorcrowdedbuses.Unlesstransitsystemsbecomedrasticallymoreconvenientandaffordable,significantnumbersofpeoplemaycontinuetochoosedriving.Now,listentothequestion.Question:Accordingtothelecturer,whatisonedrawbackofbuildingpublictransportationsystemsthattheauthorofthepassagedoesnotmention?(Pauseforaudio)Fourthpartdirections:Youwillnowbeaskedaquestionaboutareadingpassage.Youwillfirstreadthepassageandthenlistentoaquestionaboutit.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven.Youshouldanswerthequestionbasedontheinformationinthepassageyouhaveread.Youwillnowreadapassageabouttheimportanceofsleep.Sleepisafundamentalbiologicalprocessessentialforthemaintenanceandrepairofthehumanbodyandmind.Duringsleep,thebrainengagesincriticalactivitiessuchasmemoryconsolidation,learningintegration,andwasteclearance.Theseprocessesarevitalforcognitivefunction,moodregulation,andoverallhealth.Theamountofsleepneededvariesacrossindividualsandlifestages,butmostadultsrequirebetweensevenandninehourspernightforoptimalfunctioning.However,sleepdeprivationhasbecomeincreasinglycommoninmodernsocietyduetodemandingschedules,electronicdeviceusage,andotherlifestylefactors.Chroniclackofsleepcanleadtoarangeofnegativeconsequences.Physically,sleepdeprivationweakenstheimmunesystem,makingindividualsmoresusceptibletoinfections.Italsoincreasestheriskofvarioushealthproblems,includingcardiovasculardisease,obesity,andtype2diabetes.Mentally,insufficientsleepisstronglylinkedtoimpairedattention,decreasedproductivity,andemotionalinstability.Peoplewhodon'tgetenoughsleepoftenexperienceheightenedstress,irritability,anddifficultymanagingemotions.Furthermore,sleepplaysacrucialroleinemotionalhealth.Thebrainprocessesandregulatesemotionsduringsleep,helpingtoconsolidatepositiveexperiencesandforgetnegativeones.Withoutadequatesleep,thisregulatoryprocesscanbedisrupted,leadingtoincreasedanxietyandmooddisorderslikedepression.It'simportanttorecognizethatthequalityofsleepisjustassignificantasthequantity.Restlessnights,frequentawakenings,orpoorsleepenvironmentscanbejustasdetrimentalasoutrightsleeploss.Creatingaconsistentsleepschedule,maintainingacomfortablesleepenvironment,andpracticingrelaxationtechniquesbeforebedcanhelpimprovesleepquality.Inconclusion,prioritizingadequatesleepiscrucialformaintainingphysicalhealth,cognitiveperformance,andemotionalwell-being.Understandingtheimportanceofsleepandtakingstepstoensuresufficientandrestfulsleepisanessentialaspectofahealthylifestyle.Now,listentothequestion.Question:Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneeffectofsleepdeprivationonthebrain?(Pauseforaudio)Fifthpartdirections:Youwillnowbeaskedaquestionaboutalecture.First,youwillhearalecture.Then,youwillhearaquestionaboutthelecture.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven.Youshouldanswerthequestionbasedonthelectureyouhavejustheard.Alectureisgivenbyaprofessorabouthistoricalartifacts.Professor:Today,we'lldiscusstheimportanceofpreservinghistoricalartifacts.Theseobjects,whethertheyaretools,pottery,artwork,ordocuments,offerinvaluableinsightsintopastcultures,societies,andtechnologicaladvancements.Theyserveastangibleconnectionstoourancestorsandhelpusunderstandhowpeoplelived,whattheybelieved,andhowtheyinteractedwiththeirenvironment.Oneoftheprimaryreasonsforpreservationiseducation.Historicalartifactsarepowerfulteachingtools.Theybringhistorytolifeinawaythattextbookscannot.Whenstudentscanseeandtouchanactualartifactfromaparticularera,itmakesthepastmoreconcreteandmemorable.Thishands-onexperiencefostersadeeperunderstandingandappreciationofhistory.Anothercrucialroleartifactsplayisinresearch.Historians,archaeologists,andscientistsanalyzeartifactstoconstructmoreaccurateanddetailednarrativesofthepast.Thematerialremainscanrevealinformationaboutdiet,trade,craftsmanship,religiouspractices,andmuchmore.Withoutthesephysicalevidence,muchofhistorywouldremainspeculative.However,preservingartifactspresentssignificantchallenges.Manyitemsarefragileanddeteriorateovertimeduetoenvironmentalfactorslikehumidity,temperaturefluctuations,andpollution.Properstorageandconservationrequirespecializedfacilities,skilledpersonnel,andsubstantialfinancialresources,whichareoftenlimited.Additionally,thediscoveryofnewartifactsconstantlycompetesforattentionandfundingwiththecareneededforexistingcollections.Furthermore,thereareethicalconsiderations,particularlyregardingartifactstakenfromindigenouscommunitiesorlootedduringconflicts.Theownershipandrepatriationofsuchitemsarecomplexandoftencontentiousissues.Balancingthepreservationofculturalheritagewithethicalresponsibilitiestowardscommunitiesisanongoingchallengeformuseumsandpreservationists.Insummary,whilepreservinghistoricalartifactsischallenging,itisessentialforeducation,research,