EnglishforUnmannedaerialvehicle無人機專業(yè)英語Project2:HowtouseRadioControlSystemBasicOperationModelSelectMODELTYPEREVERSEFAILSAFETHRCUTDUALRATEsuperheterodyne['sju:p?'het?r?da?n]adj.超外差的PWM=Pulse-widthmodulationabbr.脈沖寬度調(diào)制PCM=Pulse-codemodulationabbr.脈沖編碼調(diào)制knob[n?b]n.旋鈕ratchet[?r?t??t]n.棘齒CCPM=collective-cyclicpitchmixing[k??lekt?v][?sa?kl?k]abbr.差分螺距混合控制結(jié)構(gòu)Swash[sw??]AFR傾斜盤功能比率NewWordsThefirstgeneraluseofradiocontrolsystemsinmodelsstartedintheearly1950swithsingle-channelself-builtequipment;commercialequipmentcamelater.Theadventoftransistorsgreatlyreducedthebatteryrequirements,sincethecurrentrequirementsatlowvoltageweregreatlyreducedandthehighvoltagebatterywaseliminated.第一次將無線電控制系統(tǒng)用在模型上始于20世紀50年代早期，而且是單通道DIY設(shè)備；商用的要晚些。晶體管的出現(xiàn)極大地降低了電池參數(shù)要求，因為低壓條件下電流要求大幅降低，并且市面上不再有高壓電池了。Part0----IntroductionInbothtubeandearlytransistorsets,themodel'scontrolsurfaceswereusuallyoperatedbyanelectromagneticescapementcontrollingthestoredenergyinarubber-bandloop,allowingsimpleon/offruddercontrol(right,left,andneutral)andsometimesotherfunctionssuchasmotorspeed.在電子管和早期晶體管時代，模型的控制面通常通過電磁擒縱機構(gòu)來進行控制，一般是控制儲存在橡皮圈環(huán)里的能量來實現(xiàn)，可以進行簡單的開/關(guān)方向舵控制，又是也可進行如電機速度的控制。Part0----IntroductionCrystal-controlledsuperheterodynereceiverswithbetterselectivityandstabilitymadecontrolequipmentmorecapableandatlowercost.Multi-channeldevelopmentswereofparticularusetoaircraft,whichreallyneededaminimumofthreecontroldimensions(yaw,pitchandmotorspeed),asopposedtoboats,whichrequiredonlytwoorone.晶振控制的超外差式接收機具有更好的選擇性和穩(wěn)定性，使得控制設(shè)備性能更出眾且價格更低。多通道技術(shù)的發(fā)展對飛機來說特別有用，最起碼需要三個控制維度(偏航，俯仰和電機速度)，對于船來說，僅僅需要一個或兩個維度的控制。Part0----IntroductionAstheelectronicsrevolutiontookoff,single-signalchannelcircuitdesignbecameredundant,andinsteadradiosprovidedproportionallycodedsignalstreamswhichaservomechanismcouldinterpret,usingPulse-widthmodulation(PWM).隨著電子技術(shù)的革命，單信號通道電路設(shè)計變得多余，取而代之的是無線電提供了比例編碼信號流技術(shù)，伺服系統(tǒng)可以進行譯碼，使用的是脈寬調(diào)制技術(shù)。SomemoremodernFM-signalreceiversthatstilluse"PWM"encodinginsteadcan,thankstotheuseofmoreadvancedcomputerchipsinthem,bemadetolockontoandusetheindividualsignalcharacteristicsofaparticularPWM-typeRCtransmitter'semissionsalone,withoutneedingaspecial"code"transmittedalongwiththecontrolinformationasPCMencodinghasalwaysrequired.Part0----Introduction由于使用了更先進的計算機芯片，一些更現(xiàn)代的FM信號接收機仍然使用“PWM”編碼，可以鎖定并使用特定PWM型RC發(fā)射器單獨發(fā)射所具有的獨特信號特性，不需要與控制信息一起傳輸?shù)奶厥狻按a”，而PCM編碼總是需要的。Eachtransmitterhasanindividuallyassigned,uniqueIDcode.Inordertostartoperation,thereceivermustbelinkedwiththeIDcodeofthetransmitterwithwhichitisbeingpaired.Oncethelinkismade,theIDcodeisstoredinthereceiverandnofurtherlinkingisnecessaryunlessthereceiveristobeusedwithanothertransmitter.Whenpurchasingadditionalreceivers,thisprocedureisnecessary;otherwisethereceiverwillnotwork.開始操控時，接收機必須和正在配對的發(fā)射機ID碼建立連接。一旦這種連接建立了，ID碼就存儲在接收機中，并且除非該接收機被用到另一個發(fā)射機上，否則就沒必要進行進一步的連接。Part1----BasicOperationInitially,theT14SGassignsthefirstmodeltomodel-01inthetransmitter.TheMODELSelectfunctionoftheLinkageMenuisusedtoaddmodelsandtoselectamongstmodelswhicharealreadyset.剛開始，T14SG在發(fā)射機上分配給第一個模型的是model-01.關(guān)聯(lián)菜單下的模型選擇功能用來添加模型，并在已經(jīng)設(shè)置好的模型中選擇模型。Whenanewmodelisadded,theModeltypeselectscreenandSystemmodesetupscreenautomaticallyappear.Pleasebeawarethatthetransmitterwillstoptransmittingtemporarilywhenyouchangethemodel.當(dāng)添加完一個新建模型后，會自動出現(xiàn)模型類型選擇和系統(tǒng)模式設(shè)置屏幕。要注意當(dāng)你改變模型時，發(fā)射機將暫時停止發(fā)射信號。Part1----BasicOperationAdjusttheneutralpositionandcontrolsurfaceanglewiththelinkage,andfinetunethemwiththeSub-TrimandEndPointfunctions.Toprotectthelinkage,alimitpositioncanalsobesetwiththeEndPointfunction.TheEndPointfunctioncanadjusttheamountofup/downandleft/rightmovementandlimitofeachchannel.用連桿調(diào)整中立位置和控制舵面的角度，并且使用中立微調(diào)和舵機行程量功能進行細微調(diào)整。為了保護連桿，也需要用行程量功能設(shè)置限制位。行程量功能能調(diào)整每一個通道的上下左右運動及限制位。Part1----BasicOperationD/Rfunctionisusedtoadjustthethrowandoperationcurveofthestickfunctions(aileron,elevator,rudderandthrottle)foreachswitchposition(airplane)oreachflightcondition.ThisisnormallyusedafterthemodelerhasdefinedthemaximumthrowdirectionsintheEndPointsettings.可調(diào)比率功能用來對每個條件內(nèi)或每個開關(guān)的控制桿功能(副翼，升降舵，方向舵和油門)的舵角及EXP曲線進行設(shè)定?？烧{(diào)比率功能一般是在調(diào)整完EPA功能的最大舵角后進行設(shè)定。Part1----BasicOperationThecopyfunctionisusedtocopyparameters,settings,etc.Fromonemodeldataintoasecondmemory.Itmaybeusedforgettingahead-startonsettingupmodelswithalmostthesamesettings.Also,thisfunctionmaybeusedtomakeabackupcopyofamodelsetupbeforeanychangesaremade.復(fù)制功能用于復(fù)制參數(shù)，設(shè)置等。從一個模型數(shù)據(jù)到第二個存儲器。它可用來復(fù)制已有的模型設(shè)定，僅需要修改不同的部分。此外，當(dāng)嘗試對模型設(shè)置進行改變之前，還可以用這一功能進行模型設(shè)置的備份。Part2----ModelselectSixswashtypesareavailableforhelicopters.Sixtypesofmainwingsandthreetypesoftailwingsareavailableforairplanesandgliders.Functionsandmixingfunctionsnecessaryforeachmodeltypearesetinadvanceatthefactory.Note:TheModelTypefunctionautomaticallyselectstheappropriateoutputchannels,controlfunctions,andmixingfunctionsforthechosenmodeltype.直升機有6種傾斜盤類型供選擇。固定翼飛機和滑翔機有6種主翼類型和3種尾翼類型。每一種模型必備的功能和混控選項在出廠前已經(jīng)進行了設(shè)置。重要：模型類型功能會為選擇的模型類型自動選擇合適的輸出通道、控制功能和混控功能。Part3----MODELTYPEWhentheModelTypeselectioncommandisaccessed,allofthedataintheactivememoryiscleared.Besurethatyoudon’tmindlosingthisdata,orbackituptoanothermemoryusingthecopyingfunctions.Whenchangingthehelicopterswashtypewithinthefollowinggroups,youcanleavethesettingsotherthantheSWASHfunction.However,thisisinitializedwhenyouchangetheswashtypetotheotherswashtypegroup.在此模型類型畫面中選擇模型類型設(shè)定后，之前所做的其他設(shè)定將被清楚。你不用在意丟失數(shù)據(jù)，或者你可以使用復(fù)制功能把它備份到另一存儲器上。當(dāng)在下述傾斜盤類型組合內(nèi)進行變更時，則傾斜盤功能以外的數(shù)據(jù)可以被保留。然而，如果跨越組合進行更改，則設(shè)定數(shù)據(jù)會被清空。Part3----MODELTYPEWithCCPMhelicopters,alwayscompleteyourservoreversingpriortoanyotherprogramming.Ifyouusepre-builtAirplane/Sailplanefunctionsthatcontrolmultipleservos,itmaybeconfusingtotellwhethertheservoneedstobereversedorasettinginthefunctionneedstobereversed.Seetheinstructionsforeachspecializedfunctionforfurtherdetails.Alwayscheckservodirectionpriortoeveryflightasanadditionalprecautiontoconfirmpropermodelmemory,hookups,andradiofunction.帶集合傾斜盤結(jié)構(gòu)的直升機，先使用舵機反向功能令傾斜盤可以正常上下動作。如果你使用預(yù)置好的控制多個舵機的固定翼/滑翔機功能時，究竟應(yīng)該對舵機進行反轉(zhuǎn)、還是通過功能設(shè)定進行反轉(zhuǎn)，是非常難以分清的。針對特殊的功能，請參照該功能的說明進行設(shè)定。在任何飛行前都要檢查舵機方向，這作為一項額外的注意事項，以確認合適的模型內(nèi)存、線路連接及無線電功能。Part4----REVERSETheT14SGsystemalsoprovidesuswithanadvancedbatterymonitoringfunctionthatwarnsyouwhenthereceiverbatteryhasonlyalittlepowerremaining.Inthiscase,eachservoismovedtothedefinedfailsafeposition.Thebatteryfailsafemaybereleasedbyoperatingapredefinedcontrolonthetransmitter(defaultisthrottle),donotcontinuetofly,landassoonaspossible.Remember,ifthepredefinedcontrolsuddenlymovestoapositionyoudidnotcommand,landatonceandcheckyourreceiverbattery.T14SG系統(tǒng)給我們提供了先進的電池監(jiān)控功能，在接收機電池缺電時可以報警。在這種情況下，每個舵機轉(zhuǎn)動到預(yù)先設(shè)定好的位置上。電池缺電保護可以通過操控發(fā)射器上預(yù)先定義好的控制開關(guān)進行解除，解除后請不要繼續(xù)飛行，須立即著陸。記住，如果預(yù)定義的控制開關(guān)突然轉(zhuǎn)動到失控保護的位置上，需要立即著陸，并檢查接收機電池電壓。Part5----FAILSELFRemembertosetthethrottlechannelfailsafefunctionsothattheservomovestothemaximumslowsideforairplanesandtotheslowsidefromthehoveringpositionforhelicopters.Crashingofthemodelatfullhighwhennormalradiowavescannotbereceivedduetointerference,etc.,isverydangerous.記住要設(shè)置油門通道的失控保護，固定翼飛機一定要設(shè)定在最低位，直升機一定要設(shè)定在比懸停狀態(tài)再低一點的位置。在由于干擾無法正常收到信號時，高速墜落時非常危險的。Part5----FAILSELFIfthebatteryfailsafeisresetbythethrottlestick,itmaybemistakenforanenginemalfunctionandwillberesetatthrottleslowandthemodelwillcontinuetofly.Ifyouhaveanydoubts,immediatelyland.如果將電池缺電保護的解除開關(guān)設(shè)定在油門操縱桿上，缺電保護與發(fā)動機故障兩者容易混淆，在油門桿低位時，會重置，航模會繼續(xù)飛行。如有任何疑問，請迅速降落。Part5----FAILSELFThrottlecutprovidesaneasywaytostoptheengine.Generallyspeaking,modelerswilldosobyflippingaswitchwiththethrottlestickatidle.Theactionisnotfunctionalathighthrottletoavoidaccidentaldeadsticklandings.Theswitch’slocationanddirectionmustbechosen,asitdefaultstoNULL.通常來說，航模操控者只需撥動開關(guān)使得油門桿在怠速位，便可關(guān)閉發(fā)動機。這個動作在高速