38環(huán)境污染

2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題題型專練

背景資料：二十大報(bào)告解讀?深入推進(jìn)環(huán)境污染防治，下一步要怎么做？

原創(chuàng)2022101615:15?新京報(bào)

新京報(bào)訊（記者張璐）黨的二十大報(bào)告提出，深入推進(jìn)環(huán)境污染防治。下一步要怎么做？記者了解到，

未來我國將用更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)深入打好污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，統(tǒng)籌減污降碳協(xié)同增效，同時(shí)堅(jiān)持PM2.5與臭氧協(xié)同

治理。

近些年，我國生態(tài)環(huán)境得到了顯著的改善。記者從生態(tài)環(huán)境部獲悉，從生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量來看，2021年全

國地級(jí)以上城市細(xì)顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度比2015年下降了34.8%；這十年，I—III類優(yōu)良水體斷面比例

提升了23.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，達(dá)到了84.9%；土壤污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)得到有效管控，中國實(shí)施了禁止洋垃圾入境，實(shí)現(xiàn)了

固體廢物"零進(jìn)口''的目標(biāo)。

黨的二十大報(bào)告提出尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然，是全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家的內(nèi)在要求。

必須牢固樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發(fā)展。深入推進(jìn)環(huán)

境污染防治，持續(xù)深入打好藍(lán)天、碧水、凈土保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。提升環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)水平，推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)人居環(huán)境整

治。

中央生態(tài)環(huán)境強(qiáng)化督察與應(yīng)急處置專家組成員彭應(yīng)登告訴新京報(bào)記者，在環(huán)境污染防治方面，報(bào)告深

刻認(rèn)識(shí)到藍(lán)天、碧水、凈土保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)的復(fù)雜性、艱巨性和長期性，穩(wěn)妥地提出基本消除重污染天氣，基本消

除城市黑臭水體，加強(qiáng)土壤污染源頭防控的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，以避免各地區(qū)與各行業(yè)制定不切實(shí)際故略與戰(zhàn)術(shù)策

略。

下一步如何深入推進(jìn)環(huán)境污染防治？在今年9月舉行的“中國這十年”系列主題新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，生態(tài)環(huán)境

部部長黃潤秋表示，“十四五”仍然要堅(jiān)持保持力度，延展深度，拓展廣度，用更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)深入打好污染防治

攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)「我們已經(jīng)圍繞污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)謀劃了八大標(biāo)志性戰(zhàn)役，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)陸續(xù)推出，包括重污染天氣消除、

臭氧污染防治、柴油車貨車污染治理、城市黑臭水體治理、長江保獷修芨、黃河生態(tài)保護(hù)治理、重點(diǎn)流域

海域綜合治理、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村污染治理等。

“，五個(gè)統(tǒng)籌‘很重要。''他表示，要統(tǒng)籌減污降碳協(xié)同增效，這不僅是中國經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的需要，也是

環(huán)境治理向深里走，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量從源頭上、根本上改變的需要。堅(jiān)持PM2.5與臭氧協(xié)同治理，“兩者具有

相同的前體物，這兩年我們做了一些努力，也取得了初步成效，2021年P(guān)M2.5和臭氧初步實(shí)現(xiàn)了協(xié)同降低?！?/p>

他說，還要統(tǒng)籌好水資源、水環(huán)境、水生態(tài)，良好的水體要有水、有草、有魚。統(tǒng)籌城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村，治理好

農(nóng)村的面源污染、垃圾污水、黑臭水體等。統(tǒng)籌好傳統(tǒng)污染物和新污染物，尤其要建立新化學(xué)物質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防

控體系。

一、閱讀單選

A篇

WhenyouthinkoftheArctic（北極）,youimagineanicylandofpurewhitesnow.Othersimagineitasthelast

reallycleanplaceleftonearth.Wehavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplasticrubbish.t€Andnow”,CNNsays,

“It'stheArctic'sturn.^^

GermanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplasticsinArcticsnow.Microplasticsarcpiecesofplasticsmaller

than5millimeters.Sadly,thescientistsfound1,800piecesofmicroplasticsperliterof（每升）snow.

HowisplasticpollutionreachingtheArctic?Accordingtoscientists,"It'sclearthatmostofthemicroplastics

inthesnowefromtheair."Theyfallofftheplasticobjectsandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.Theymix

withiceintheairandfalltothegroundassnow.FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathe

（hemin.

Aretheybadfbrus?Scientistscannotanswerthisquestionfornow,accordingtotheWHO.Wecoknowthat

ourbodiescannottakein“l(fā)arge“piecesofmicroplastics.However,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfind

waysintoourbodiesandstaytheretoralongtime,whichcanbebadfbrourhealth.What'smore,earlierstudies

haveshownthatmicroplasticsmayboosttheriskoflungcancer.

Microplasticshavealsobeenfeundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Earlierresearchhasfoundthatthey

flowoverlongdistancesandintoouroceans,hurtingecosystemsalongtheway.Theystartinourwas:ewatei\then

flowintoriversandouttothesea,wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeans

thatwe'reeatingtheplasticaswell.

1.WecanlearnfromParagraph1that.

A.theArcticisthelastreallycleanplaceleftonearthB.（heArcticisanicylandofpurewhitesnow

C.theArcticisabeautifulicylandwithcleanairD.theArctichasbeenpollutedbyplasticrubbish

2.Theunderlinedword"boost”heremeans44

A.increaseB.leaveC.hitD.break

3.Howdoes（hewriterendthispassage?

A.Byadvisingustodrinkcleanwater.B.Byaskingpeoplenottoeatseaanimals.

C.Bytellingtheseriousnessofplasticpollution.D.ByshowingthebeautyofArctic.

【短文大意】

本文主要介紹了如今出現(xiàn)的一種污染——微塑料，并詳細(xì)介紹了什么是微塑料以及它對(duì)人類和環(huán)境的危害。

【參考答案】

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wchavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplasticrubbish.4Andnow\CNNsays,4It'sthe

Arctic'sturnJ”可知，北極也被塑料垃圾污染了。故選D。

2.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“However,iftheplasticsaresmallenough...whichcanbebadfbrourhealth.What'smore,

earlierstudieshaveshownthatniicroplasticsmayboosttheriskoflungcancer.“可知，塑料對(duì)人體有害，因此猜

測(cè)出早期的研究顯示微塑料可能會(huì)增加癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。單詞increase含義為“增加”。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theystartinourwastewater,thenflowintoriversandoutto(hesea,wheretheyareeatenby

seaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe'reeatingtheplasticaswell.“可知，人們最終吃了體

內(nèi)還有塑料的海洋生物，故推測(cè)出塑料污染的嚴(yán)重性。故選C。

B篇

“Ourenvironmentisfullofallkindsofnoise.Therisingnoisepollutionincitieswillbebadfbrthe

environment,theUnitedNations(UN)saidinareport.Itasksgovernmentstotakeactionassoonaspossible.

What'snoisepollution?

AccordingtotheUN,noiseabove65decibel(dB分貝)isnoisepollution.Noisebeesharmfulwhenit'sover

75dBandispainfulabove120dB.Peoplewholivenearairportsorhighwaysgetmuchnoisepollution.When

neighborsrepairtheirhomesorwalkheavilyaround,that'salsonoisepollution.

Whyisnoisepollutionbad?

“HighlevelsofnoisedoharmtohumanhealthJlheUNreportsays.Toomuchnoisecauseshealthproblems

likestressandtirednessfrompoorsleep.Moreseriousproblemsincludeheartproblemsandhearingloss.InEurope,

12,000peopledieeachyearfromnoisepollution.

Howcanwepreventtheproblem?

Ifcitiescanfightnoisepollution,onegreatwayistobuildhighwallsalongtherailwaysandhighways.Some

Europeancountrieshavealsobuiltroadsofrubber.It'sthesamerubberasyourschoofsrunningtrack.Itmakes

carsquieter.HowcanyouandIhelp?Wecanstopstompingaroundourhouses!

Inaword,noisepollutionisharmfultous.Weshouldtryourbesttoavoidproducingnoise.

4.WhendoesnoisepollutiontakeplaceaccordingtotheUN?

A.Whenpeopletalkatanairport.

B.Whenneighborswalkaroundyou.

C.Whensoundsaroundyouareover120decibels.

D.Whensoundsarelouderthan65decibels.

5.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“rubber"meaninChinese?

A.水泥B.橡膠C.鋼板D.沙石

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcausedbynoisepollution?

A.Wemightfeelverytired.B.Wemighthaveheartproblems.

C.Wemightsleepmorethanusual.D.Wemighthavehearingproblems.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SomefactsaboutnoisepollutionB.Howtostopnoisepollution

C.Somethingbadofover120dBD.Howtoprotecttheenvironment

【短文大意】

本文主要介紹了有關(guān)噪聲污染的知識(shí)，包括了什么是噪聲污染，為什么噪聲污染是有害的以及如何預(yù)防噪

聲污染。

【參考答案】

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"AccordingtotheUN,noiseabove65decibel（dB分貝）isnoisepollution”可知,超過65

分貝的噪音屬于噪音污染，故選D。

5.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“SomeEuropeancountrieshavealsobuiltroadsofrubber.It'sthesamerubberasyour

school'srunningtrack”可知，橡膠跑道是和你們學(xué)校跑道一樣的橡膠，所以劃線單詞表示“橡膠”，故選B。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Toomuchnoisecauseshealthproblemslikestressandtirednessfrompoorsleep”可知，太

多的噪音會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問題，比如睡眠不好導(dǎo)致的壓力和疲勞，不會(huì)造成睡眠比平常多，故選C。

7.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了有關(guān)噪聲污染的知識(shí)，故選A。

C篇

Thesedays,wearingfacemasks（口罩）isamonthingtodo,andithelpssavinglivesduringCOVID19.

However,thatalsomeanssingleusefacemasks,gloves,andotherPPEmaterialsarethenewestformsofrubbishon

citystreets,beaches,andintheoceans.

Thisisbadforsomanyreasons,butoneoftheworstreasonsisthattheusedfacemaskscanseriouslyhurt

animals.AshleyFruno,amemberofananimalrightsgroupsaid,“Facemaskscan'tdisappearanytimesoon.When

wethrowthemaway,theycanbebadfbrtheenvironmentandanimalsthatliveonthesameplanetasus.”

MonkeyshavebeenfoundbitingthestringsofusedmasksinthehillsoutsideMalaysia'scapitalKuala

Lumpur.Thismaymakethemlosetheirbreathorevendie.InBritain,aseabird'slegshavebeenfoundcaughtin

（hestringsofamaskfbruptoaweek.

Il'shardtobelievethatfacemasksthatoncesavedpeople'slivesarenowkillingwildanimals.Alargenumber

offacemasksaremovingtothelivingplaceofanimals.Ifyouwearasingleusemask,makesureofthrowingit

awayproperly.Neverthrowitawayoutsideasthewindcouldblowitaway.

Pleasedon'tletthemasksbeeanightmare（噩夢(mèng)）forwildlife.Thankyoufordoingyourparttokeepall

animalssafe!

8.Thispassagetellsusthethatfacemasksmaybringtowildlife.

A.harmB.advantagesC.diseasesD.rubbish

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.AshleyFrunoisamemberofanenvironmentgroup.

B.Thefacemaskshurtthewildanmalsbyspreadingdiseases.

C.Thesingleusefacemasksarenoteasytodisappearfromtheearth.

D.Toprotectthewildanimals,weshouldgiveupusingthesingusefacemasks.

10.Wherearemanyusedfacemasksgoingaccordingtothepassage?

A.Totheouterspace.B.Tothefactories.

C.Totheground.D.Tothelivingplacesofanimals.

【短文大意】

本文主要介紹了口罩、塑料手套等對(duì)環(huán)境造成了污染，對(duì)動(dòng)物的生存造成了威脅，文章號(hào)召大家增強(qiáng)環(huán)保

意識(shí)并參與環(huán)保行動(dòng)。

【參考答案】

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“oneoftheworstreasonsisthattheusedfacemaskscansehouslyhurtanimals”可知口罩會(huì)

給野生動(dòng)物造成威脅。故選A。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Facemaskscan'tdisappearanytimesoon”可知口罩不會(huì)很快消失。故選C。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Alargenumberoffacemasksaremovingtothelivingplaceofanimals”可知大量的口罩

轉(zhuǎn)移到動(dòng)物的生活場(chǎng)所。故選D。

D篇

Theworldhasaplasticproblem.Andnotjustwithbottles.Strav/s（吸管）,toothbrushes,toys—allkindsof

plasticsareplacedinlandfills（垃圾填埋場(chǎng)）.Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.Landfillshavea

largepartofit.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesare

floating（漂浮）aroundoutthere.Andmostplasticwon'tdisappearitself.Itwillremainintheoceanforever.

Whalesgetcaughtinplasticfishingnets.Birdsdiebecauseofeatingplasticstrawsandbottlecaps.Itendangers

oceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Governmentsarerealizingthatrecyclingmaynotbeenough.Theyaretakingmoreactions.Thoughitishard

work,itisstillasolvableproblem.InBritain,peoplearcnotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptinhospitals.

Scotlandandseveralcoastal（沿海的）citiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.TlicUSalone

discarded（丟棄）some500millionplasticstrawsaday.That'senoughtocircletheEarthtwice.t4Sayingnotoa

plasticstrawisaneasywaytoprotecttheenvironment,MDianaLofflinwhostarted.said."Dowe

reallywanttopassontoourchildrenaworldharmedbyplastic?”

Peoplehavefoundsometastywaystoreducewaste.ApanyinIndiamadethefirsteverspoonthatpeoplecan

eat.Youdon'thavetoeatthespoon.Youcanthrowitaway.Itdeposes（分解）injustafewdays.DavidEdwards,a

scientistatHarvardUniversity,designedaneatablebagwhichcanprotectthefoodordrinkinside.Itisadelicious

replacement（替彳弋品）forplasticones.

11.Accordingtothewriter,birdsdiebecausethey.

A.eatplasticstrawsandbottlecapsB.getcaughtinfishingnets

C.feedonoceananimalsD.havethespoonsinIndia

12.Theunderlinedword“endangers"meansinthepassage.

A.bringsB.losesC.harmsD.saves

13.Thewriterwritesthispassagemainlyto.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewasteB.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.pareairpollutionandplasticpollutionD.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

14.Fromthepassage,wecantell（hat（heplasticproblem.

A.istoobigforpeopletosolveB.canbesolvedbyrecyclingalone

C.canbesolved,butitwon'tbeeasyD.willhavetobesolvedbyfuturescientists

【短文大意】

本文首先描述了目前全球存在的塑料污染問題，以及由此造成的危害，然后再舉例說明一些國家已經(jīng)找到

一些方法著手解決這個(gè)問題。

【參考答案】

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Birdsdiebecauseofeatingplasticstrawsandbottlecaps.”可知,鳥類因?yàn)槌运芰衔芎?/p>

瓶蓋而死亡，故選A。

12.詞義猜測(cè)題。通讀第二段可知，本文主要在講塑料垃圾的危害，所以此處也是在說它危害了海洋生命。

故選C。

13.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要是在講有關(guān)塑料污染的問題，包括介紹了一些廢物處理和循環(huán)

的方法，以及列舉一些國家對(duì)此問題的解決方法。故選B。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thoughitishardwork,itisstillasolvableproblem”可知，雖然要解決塑料問題很艱難，

但是這是可以解決的。故選C。

E篇

Ladiesandgentlemen,Ireturnedtothisyearinatimemachine.Intheyear2500,wearcabletotravelthrough

timetoanyyearinthehistoryoftheearth.Thisyearisyourlastchancetochangeyourlifestyletosavetheearth.

Beginninginthemiddleofthe20thcentury,afewpeoplewereworriedaboutpollutingtheearthswaterand

air,butmostpeopledidnotchangedieirwayoflife.Instead,theycontinuedtopourdangerouschemicalsandother

wasteintolakesandseas,todrivemoreandmorecarsandtrucks,andtocutdowntrees.

Bytheyear2200,theearth'swaterwaspletelypolluted.Peoplecouldnolongerdrinkwater,andtheyhadto

useothertypesofliquids.Scientistssaidthatinthefuturetheremightbetoomanypeopleontheearth.Butnot

enoughwasdone.So,bytheyear23(X),thereweresomanypeoplethatfoodbecamescarce.Therewasnowaterto

growfoodandallofthefishinthelakesandseasdiedbecauseofpollution.Terriblewarsbrokeoutbetweenthe

rickandthepoor.Scientistswereworkingveryhardtofindanotherplanetinspacewherehumanscouldlive.

Bytheyear240(),theairwastoopollutedforhumanstobreathe.Sowehadtoleavetheearth.Butonlythe

richwereabletoleave.Wheredidwego?Nowhere.Youseescientis:sdidnotfindanothersafeplanet,sonowwe

musttravelaroundtheuniverseinourspaceships.Wearestilllookingforaplacetocallourhome.So.itisupto

youtochangehistory.Thereisstillhope.Youmustchangeyourlifestylenow,beforeitistoolate.

15.WhichproblemisNOTtalkedaboutinParagraph2?

A.Waler.B.Air.C.Lifestyle.D.Food.

16.What'sthemeaningof"scarce“inthefourthparagraph?

A.昂貴的B.充足的C.缺乏的D.特殊的

17.Whocouldleavetheearthbytheyear2400?

A.Therich.B.Thepoor.C.Scientists.D.Allthepeople.

18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Onlyafewpeoplechangedtheirlifestyleinthemiddleofthe20lhcentury.

B.Bytheyear2200,theearth'swaterwaspartlypolluted.

C.All(heanimalsdiedbecauseofpollutionbytheyear2300.

D.Wefoundanewhomeinanotherplanetbytheyear2400.

19.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.StopPollutingB.ChangeorLeaveC.LookforaNewHomeD.ReturntotheEarth

【短文大意】

本文作者通過時(shí)間隧道從未來穿越回來，描述了不同時(shí)期地球上環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重事實(shí)，呼吁人們改變現(xiàn)在

的生活方式，以保護(hù)我們的地球。

【參考答案】

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Beginninginthemiddleofthe20thcentury,afewpeoplewereworried

aboutpollutingtheearth'swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflife.”可知，本段談到了"水”、

“空氣”和“生活方式”，而整段都未提及“食物”。故選D。

16.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“*thereweresomanypeople..."以及“Therewasnowatertogrowfbod…''可

推測(cè)，由于人口眾多和水資源缺乏，從而會(huì)導(dǎo)致食物變得“短缺”。故選C。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前三句"Bytheyear2400,theairwastoopollutedfbrhumanstobreathe.Sowe

hadtoleavetheearth.Butonlytherichwereabletoleave.”可知，到2400年人們必須要離開地球時(shí)，只有富人

才能夠離開。故選A。

18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Beginninginthemiddleofthe20thcentury,afewpeoplewereworried

aboutpollutingtheearth'swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflifb.”可知,二十世紀(jì)中葉，

只有少數(shù)人改變了他們的生活方式。故選A。

19.標(biāo)題歸納題。本文作者通過描述不同時(shí)期地球上環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重事實(shí)，呼吁人們改變現(xiàn)在的生活方式,

以保護(hù)我們的地球。因此本文最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“停止污染故選A。

F篇

Arecordof1,101manatees（海牛）diedinFloridalastyear,manyfromhunger.SolastDecember,government

wildlifeexpertsthoughtupaplan（ogivefood（othemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreenvegeiableslike

lettuceandcabbage.RonMezich,anexpert,said,"We'remakingadifference."Sotar,theyhaveservedupmore

than193,00（）poundsoflettucetohungrymanatees.Butastheweatherisgettingwarm,theprogramisexpectedto

endsoon.

Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sonereason

whythey'resometimescalled“seacows''.Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slist

ofendangeredanimals.Mostdangerstomanateescfromhumans.Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheanimals

areboats.Manateesarecurious（好奇的）andfairlyslow.Thathasledtothousandsofmanateesbeinghitorkilled

byboats.Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleftinFlorida.Withprotection,thenumberincreased.

In2016,thereweremorethan6,000manatees.

However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain.Wanningseas

withpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）ontheocean'ssurface.Thealgaeblocksthesunlight

thatallowstheseagrasstogrow.Forexample,inIndianRiverLagocn,wheremanateesoftengointhewinter,

about90%oftheseagrassbeds（herehavediedoff.Longterm,Floridawillworktohelprestore（恢復(fù)）seagrass

beds.Butthatwilltaketime.Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescouldstarvethiswinter.

20.Whyaremanateessometimescalled“seacows”？

A.Theyareasbigascows.B.Theycanswimlikecows.

C.Theyhavetailslikecows.D.Theyfeedonplantslikecows.

21.Howhasthenumberofmanateeschangedoveryears?

22.Whichshowsthecorrectorderofthecausesofmanatees,death?

A.seapollution—*growthofalgae—>deathofseegrass—?deathofmanatees

B.growthofalgae—>seapollution—>deathofseegrass—>deathofmanatees

C.seapollution—>deathofseegrass—>growthofalgae—>deathofmanatees

D.growthofalgae—?deathofseegrass—>seapollution—>deathofmanatees

23.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“block”?

A.provideB.preventC.helpD.attract

24.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ManateesFeedingProgramB.MoneyGiventoSaveManatees

C.SeaGrassBedRestoredforManateesD.ReasonsforManatees'DeathStillUnclear

【短文大意】

本文主要介紹了海牛所面臨的問題以及政府的保護(hù)措施。

【參考答案】

20.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatliveinthesea.

That'sonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled“seacows”可知，因?yàn)樗鼈兿衽Ｒ粯右灾参餅槭?，故選D。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistofendangered

animals,HtWithprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000manatees”可知,1967年海

牛的數(shù)量是比較低的，在政府的保護(hù)下，2016年數(shù)量有所增長，結(jié)合“However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,

thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain''現(xiàn)在又因?yàn)楹２莸膯栴}，海牛的數(shù)量又卜降了，B選項(xiàng)

符合，故選Bo

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Warmingseaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）ontheocean's

surface”可知，海水的污染造成了海藻的生長，所以先是seapollulion,再是growthofalgae,A選項(xiàng)符合，

故選Ao

23.詞義猜測(cè)題<,根據(jù)前文“Wanningseaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）onthe

ocean'ssu命c(diǎn)e.”可知，藻類生長在海洋表面，可以推測(cè)，它們會(huì)阻擋陽光。所以這里block意思是“阻擋，

阻止”,和prevent意思相同。故選B。

24.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文通過描述海牛所面臨的問題，來介紹政府為此想出的拯救計(jì)劃，所以最合適本文的

標(biāo)題是“ManateesFeedingProgram”，故選A。

G篇

Whentheairispolluted,wewearinasks（口罩）［oprotectourselves.Whataboutbeesandbutterflies?They

can'twearmasks.

NewScientistmagazinerecentlyreportedfindingsfromJamesRyallsandhisteamattheUniversityof

Reading,UK.Theirstudyfoundthatairpollutionisharmfullopollinators（傳花粉者）inseclslikebeesand

butterflies.Theycan'tsmellflowersbecauseofthepollution.

Pollinatorsareimportant.Theyspreadpollenamongplantswithflowers.Thishelpstheflowerproduceseed

andfruit.Withoutpollinators,farmscannotmakefood.Weallneedpollinators.

Todotheirstudy,Ryalls'teambuilteightareas.Then,theyputnitrogenoxideandozone（氧化氮和臭氧）into

sixoftheseareas.Theothertwoareashadnormalair.Theywerethecontrolgroup.

“Theresultsweremuchmoreseverethanwcthought/'saidRyalls.Intheirtests,thelevelsofpollutioninthe

sixareasweresimilarto"roadtrafficpollution”.Insuchconditions,70percentfewerinsectsenteredtheareas.

Oncetheywerethere,theydidn'thangaround.Visitstoflowersdroppedby90percent.

Scientistsexplainedthatgaseslikenitrogenoxideandozonecanbreakdownthesmellofflowers.Thismakes

ithardforinsectstofindtheirfood.

Maybethemostfrighteningthingisthattheresearcherscreatedpollutionlevelsihalcouldbeallowedinthe

UK.BuiShannonOlsson,ascientistinIndia,thoughttheresultswereimportantbecausethestudyshowedthe

levelofpollutioncankeeppollinatorsaway.

“Airpollutionisanotherstressoninsects,“saidRyall."Thataddstoalltheotherstresses...causingtheir

numberstodecline（減少）

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

25.Whichofthefollowinganimalscanworkaspollinators?

A.Snakes.B.Ants.C.Butterflies.D.Ducks.

26.Howisthepollutionharmfultothepollinators?

A.Thepollutedairisbadfortheirlungs.

B.Thepollutedaircanmakethemdie.

C.Thepollutedaircanbreakdownnitrogenoxideandozone.

D.Thepollutedairpreventsthemfromsmellingtheflowers.

27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“severe“meaninChinese?

A.嚴(yán)重的B.嚴(yán)肅的C.嚴(yán)厲的D.嚴(yán)格的

28.What'sthepurposeoftheexperimentinthetext?

A.Totellusthatfannscan'tmakefoodwithoutpollinators.

B.Toprovethatairpollutionisharmfultopollinators.

C.Toprove（hatnitrogenoxideandozoneareharmfultopeople.

D.Totellusthatvisitstoflowersdroppedby90%.

29.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.MethodsofprotectinginsectsB.Someknowledgeaboutpollinators

C.ThepressureofthescientistsD.Theinfluenceofairpollutiononpollinators

【短文大意】

本文主要通過實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹了關(guān)于空氣污染對(duì)傳遞花粉的昆蟲的影響。

【參考答案】

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theirstudyfoundthatairpollutionisharmfultopollinators（傳花粉者）一insects

likebeesandbutterflies.”可知，傳花粉者是蜜蜂和蝴蝶。故選C,

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theirstudyfoundthatairpollutionisharmfultopollinators（傳花粉者）一insects

likebeesandbutterflies.Theycan'tsmellflowersbecauseofthepollution.”可知它們聞不到花香,所以它們傳播

花粉少。故選D。

27.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Intheirtests,thelevelsofpollutioninthesixareasweresimilarto'roadtraffic

pollution,.Insuchconditions,70percentfewerinsectsenteredtheareas.Oncetheywerethere,theydidn'thang

around.Visitstoflowersdroppedby90percent.”可知，結(jié)果比我們想象的更嚴(yán)重。故選A。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Maybethemostfrighteningthingisthattheresearcherscreatedpollutionlevels

thatcouldbeallowedintheUK.ButShannonOlsson,ascientistinIndia,thoughttheresultswereimportant

becausethestudyshowedthelevelofpollutioncankeeppollinatorsaway.”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的為了證明空氣污染

對(duì)傳花粉者有害。故選B。

29.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，主要是通過實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹了關(guān)于空氣污染對(duì)傳花粉者的影響“故選D。

H篇

YoumayhaveheardthattheYangtzeRiverisChina'slongestriver.Itisalmost6,400kilometerslong.Asthe

world'sthirdlongestriver,itsvalley（流域）coversonefifthofChina'slandarea.TheYangtzeRiverEconomicBelt

（長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶）coverselevenprovincesandcities,makingupaboutfortypercentofChina'stotalpopulationand

GDP.

OnDecember26,2020,ChinapassedtheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw,whichcameintoforceonMarchL

2021.ItisthefirstlawtoprotectawaterwayinChina.

Theriverisingreatneedofprotectionbecausesomethingiswrongwithit.Forexample,becauseofoverfishing

andwaterpollution,theriver'sChinesepaddlefishhasdiedoutthere.There'salsodesertifiedlandandsoil

pollutionneartheriver.

Accordingtothelaw.fishingwillnotbeallowedinalloftheYangtze'snaturalwaterways,includingitsmajor

tributaries（支流）andlakes.Thosevzhoarccaughtfishingwillbefined（罰款）50,000to500,000yuan.

Diggingsandwillbestrictlylimited（限制）intheriver.Manypaniesarediggingsandalong（heriver.However,

thishasledtolowerwaterlevelsoftheriver,whichhascausedtheriver'swatertodecline.

paniesandfactoriesalongtheriverwillneedtofocusongreendevelopment.Iftheiractivitiesdoharmtothe

waterways,theywillbemovedaway,thelawsays.

30.WhatdoesParagraphItellusabouttheYangtzeRiver?

A.Howolditis.

B.Whyit,simportant.

C.Whatproblemsithas.

D.Whereitjoinsthesea.

31.WhatdoweknowabouttheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw?

A.ItwaspassedonMarch1,2021.

B.Itcameintoforceabouttenyearsago.

C.Ithasincreasedthepopulationofthearea.

D.It'sthefirstlawtoprotectawaterwayinChina.

32.WhatdoesParagraph3explain?

A.Whytheriverneedsprotection.

B.Howtheriverisbeingpolluted.

C.WhenChinesepaddlefishdiedcut.

D.Howtheriverwillbeprotected.

33.Accordingtothepassage,whichistrueaboutprotectingtheriver?

A.Peoplecan'tfishintheriver'smajortributaries.

Diggingsandwillnotbeallowedin（heriveranymore.

C.panicsalongtheriverwillbemovedtootherplaces.

D.Anyonewhocausespollutionwillbefinedatleast50,000yuan.

【短文大意】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了保護(hù)中國最長的河流——K江的必要性以及我國第一部保護(hù)航道的法

律《長江保護(hù)法》的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

【參考答案】

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Astheworld'sthirdlongestriver,itsvalley（流域）coversonefifthofChina'slandarea.The

Yar.gtzeRiverEconomicBelt（長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶）coverselevenprovincesandcities,makingupaboutfortypercentof

China'stotalpopulationandGDP.'訶知，作為世界第三長的河流，它的河谷覆蓋了中國五分之一的土地面積，

它的流經(jīng)區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶覆蓋了II個(gè)省市，約占中國總?cè)丝诤虶DP的40%,所以本段列舉了長江在中國的

地位和流經(jīng)區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況，所以是敘述長江的重要性。故選

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"ItisthefirstlawtoprotectawaterwayinChina.”可知，這是我國第一部

保護(hù)航道的法律。故選D。

32.主旨大意題o根據(jù)第三段首句"Theriverisingreatneedofprotectionbecau