2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解專項技巧訓(xùn)練試卷：高效提升，輕松備考考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensiondirections:Readeachofthefollowingpassages.AnswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThedigitalagehastransformedthewayweconsumeinformation,andnowhereisthistransformationmoreevidentthanintherealmofnewsconsumption.Traditionalprintnewspapers,oncethedominantsourceofnewsformillions,arenowfacinganexistentialcrisis.Theriseoftheinternetandtheproliferationofdigitalmediahaveprovidedconsumerswithanunprecedentedabundanceofnewssources,rangingfromestablishedonlinenewspapersandnewswebsitestosocialmediaplatformsandindependentblogs.Thisshifthasresultedinasignificantdeclineinprintnewspapercirculationandadvertisingrevenue,forcingmanypublicationstocloseormerge.Despitethechallenges,printnewspapershavenotdisappearedentirely.Manyhavesuccessfullytransitionedtodigitalplatforms,offeringonlinesubscriptionsandmobileappstocatertothechangingpreferencesofreaders.Somehaveevenfoundnewrevenuestreamsbyfocusingonhigh-quality,in-depthjournalismthatisvaluedbyreaderswillingtopayforcontent.However,thedeclineofprintadvertisinghasbeenparticularlydamaging,asitrepresentedasignificantportionofrevenueformanynewspapers.Theshifttodigitaladvertisinghasbeenslowanddifficult,asadvertisershavebeenhesitanttoinvestinnewdigitalplatformsthatmaynotyieldthesamereturnsastraditionalprintadvertising.Theriseofsocialmediahasfurthercomplicatedthenewslandscape.Whilesocialmediaplatformscanbeavaluablesourceofnews,theyarealsorifewithmisinformationandpropaganda.Thealgorithmsthatpowertheseplatformsoftenprioritizeengagementoveraccuracy,leadingtothespreadofsensationalistandmisleadingcontent.Thishascreatedanenvironmentwhereitisincreasinglydifficultforconsumerstodistinguishbetweencrediblenewssourcesandfalseinformation.Theriseof"filterbubbles"and"echochambers"hasfurtherexacerbatedthisproblem,asalgorithmstendtoshowuserscontentthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs,limitingtheirexposuretodiverseperspectives.Thefutureofnewsconsumptionremainsuncertain.However,itisclearthatthedigitalagehasfundamentallyalteredthewayweconsumenews.Printnewspapers,whilefacingsignificantchallenges,havefoundwaystoadaptandsurvive.Theriseofdigitalmediaandsocialmediahascreatedbothopportunitiesandchallengesfornewsorganizations.Asconsumers,itisincreasinglyimportanttobecriticalconsumersofnews,toseekoutmultiplesourcesofinformation,andtodeveloptheskillsnecessarytodistinguishbetweencrediblenewsandfalseinformation.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Whathasbeenthebiggestchallengeforprintnewspapersinthedigitalage?3.Howhavesomeprintnewspapersattemptedtocopewiththedeclineofprintadvertising?4.Whatisonepotentialnegativeconsequenceoftheriseofsocialmedia?5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotonavigatethecurrentnewslandscape?PassageTwoTheconceptof"gigeconomy"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,referringtoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Thisshifthasbeendrivenbyseveralfactors,includingtheriseofdigitalplatformsthatconnectfreelancerswithclients,theincreasingdesireforflexibilityamongworkers,andthegrowingnumberofpeoplewhoareseekingalternativeworkarrangements.Whilethegigeconomyoffersseveralpotentialbenefits,suchasflexibilityandtheabilitytoworkonone'sownterms,italsopresentsanumberofchallengesandpotentialdrawbacks.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitofferstoworkers.Gigworkerscanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywanttowork,allowingthemtobalancetheirworkandpersonallivesmoreeffectively.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtopeoplewhoarecaringforfamilymembers,pursuingeducation,orsimplyseekingalesstraditionalworkarrangement.Additionally,thegigeconomyprovidesopportunitiesforpeopletoearnincomethroughskillsandtalentstheymaynotbeabletoutilizeinatraditionaljobsetting.However,thegigeconomyalsopresentsseveralchallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthelackofjobsecurityandbenefits.Gigworkersaretypicallynoteligibleforbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidtimeoff,whichcanleavethemvulnerabletofinancialinstability.Additionally,gigworkisoftenproject-basedandunpredictable,makingitdifficultforworkerstorelyonasteadyincomestream.Thiscanbeparticularlyproblematicduringeconomicdownturnsorperiodsofpersonalhardship.Anotherchallengeassociatedwiththegigeconomyisthepotentialforexploitation.Becausegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,theyoftenhavefewerlegalprotectionsthantraditionalemployees.Thiscanmakeitdifficultforgigworkerstochallengeunfairpracticesorseekcompensationforwork-relatedinjuries.Additionally,thecompetitivenatureofthegigeconomycandrivedownpricesandwages,creatingaracetothebottomthatcanbedetrimentaltoworkers.Despitethesechallenges,thegigeconomyislikelytocontinuegrowinginthecomingyears.Astechnologycontinuestoevolveandthedemandforflexibleworkarrangementsincreases,morepeoplewilllikelyturntogigworkasaviableoption.However,itisimportantforpolicymakersandbusinessestoaddressthechallengesassociatedwiththegigeconomy,suchasprovidingaccesstobenefitsandimprovingworkerprotections.Thiswillhelptoensurethatthegigeconomyservesasaforceforgood,providingflexibleworkopportunitieswithoutsacrificingworkerwell-being.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Whataresomepotentialbenefitsofthegigeconomyforworkers?8.Whataresomechallengesassociatedwiththegigeconomy?9.Whatisonewaythatgigworkerscanbevulnerable?10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpolicymakersdo?PassageThreeClimatechangeisoneofthemostpressingchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.Theincreasingconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,primarilyduetohumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation,hasledtoariseinglobaltemperaturesandacascadeofenvironmentalconsequences.Theseconsequencesincludemorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andfloods,aswellasthemeltingofpolaricecapsandtherisingsealevels.Thescientificconsensusonclimatechangeisoverwhelming.Decadesofresearchhaveconsistentlyshownthathumanactivitiesaretheprimarydriverofclimatechange.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)hasissuednumerousreportsdetailingthescienceofclimatechangeanditspotentialimpactsontheenvironmentandhumansociety.Thesereportsconcludethattheeffectsofclimatechangearealreadybeingfeltaroundtheworldandthatthesituationislikelytoworseninthecomingyearsifsignificantactionisnottaken.Theimpactsofclimatechangearefar-reachinganddiverse.Risingsealevelsthreatencoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas,potentiallydisplacingmillionsofpeople.Morefrequentandsevereweathereventscancausesignificantdamagetopropertyandinfrastructure,aswellaslossoflife.Changesintemperatureandprecipitationpatternscanaffectagriculture,leadingtofoodshortagesandincreasedprices.Additionally,climatechangecanhavenegativeimpactsonhumanhealth,increasingtheriskofheat-relatedillnessesandthespreadofinfectiousdiseases.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvesbothindividualandcollectiveaction.Onanindividuallevel,peoplecantakestepstoreducetheircarbonfootprintbyusingenergy-efficientappliances,reducingconsumption,andusingpublictransportationorrenewableenergysources.Onacollectivelevel,governmentsandorganizationsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatpromoterenewableenergy,reducegreenhousegasemissions,andprotectforestsandothernaturalecosystems.Internationalcooperationisalsoessential,asclimatechangeisaglobalproblemthatrequiresacoordinatedresponsefromallnations.Whilethechallengesofclimatechangearesignificant,thereisstillhopethatwecanmitigateitsworsteffects.Bytakingdecisiveactionnow,wecanreducegreenhousegasemissions,adapttothechangesthatarealreadyunderway,andbuildamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.Thepathforwardmaybedifficult,buttheconsequencesofinactionarefargreater.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Whatistheprimarycauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?13.Whataresomepotentialimpactsofclimatechange?14.Whataresomewaysthatindividualscanhelpaddressclimatechange?15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisneededtoeffectivelyaddressclimatechange?PassageFourTheconceptof"fakenews"hasbecomeincreasinglyprevalentinrecentyears,referringtofalseormisleadinginformationthatispresentedasnews.Thisphenomenonhasraisedconcernsabouttheintegrityofthenewsmediaandtheabilityofconsumerstodistinguishbetweencredibleinformationandmisinformation.Theriseofsocialmediahasexacerbatedthisproblem,asthealgorithmsthatpowertheseplatformscanamplifythereachoffakenewsbyprioritizingcontentthatgeneratesengagement.Fakenewscantakemanyforms,includingfabricatedstories,distortedfacts,andmanipulatedimages.Itisoftencreatedanddisseminatedwiththeintenttodeceiveormanipulatepublicopinion.Fakenewscanhaveseriousconsequences,includinginfluencingelections,incitingviolence,anderodingpublictrustininstitutions.Theriseoffakenewshasbeenparticularlyconcerninginthecontextoftheinternetandsocialmedia,whereinformationcanspreadrapidlyandwidelywithlittleornoregulation.Despitethechallenges,thereareseveralstrategiesthatcanbeusedtocombatfakenews.Oneapproachistoimprovemedialiteracy,whichinvolvesteachingpeoplehowtocriticallyevaluateinformationandidentifypotentialbiases.Anotherapproachistodevelopalgorithmsthatcanmoreeffectivelydetectandfilteroutfakenews.Additionally,governmentsandsocialmediaplatformscanplayarolebyimplementingpoliciesthatpromotetransparencyandaccountability,suchasrequiringnewsorganizationstodisclosetheirownershipandfundingsources.Thefightagainstfakenewsisanongoingchallenge.Astechnologycontinuestoevolveandnewmethodsofdisseminatinginformationemerge,itwillbeimportanttoadaptanddevelopnewstrategiestocombatthisphenomenon.Thekeytosuccesswillbeacombinationofindividualvigilance,technologicalsolutions,andinstitutionaloversight.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinformedandtrustworthymediaenvironment.16.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?17.Whataresomepotentialconsequencesoffakenews?18.Whataresomestrategiesthatcanbeusedtocombatfakenews?19.Whatrolecansocialmediaplatformsplayinaddressingtheproblemoffakenews?20.Whatisthekeytosuccessincombatingfakenews?PartIITranslationdirections:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Theadvancementsinartificialintelligence(AI)havebroughtaboutasignificanttransformationinvariousindustries,includinghealthcare,finance,andtransportation.AI-poweredtoolsandsystemshavethepotentialtoenhanceefficiency,improvedecision-making,andautomatetasksthatwerepreviouslytime-consumingandlabor-intensive.Forinstance,inthehealthcaresector,AIalgorithmsarebeingusedtoanalyzemedicalimagesandassistinthediagnosisofdiseases.Inthefinancialindustry,AIisbeingemployedtodetectfraudulenttransactionsandmanageinvestmentportfolios.Similarly,inthetransportationsector,AIisbeingusedtooptimizetrafficflowanddevelopautonomousvehicles.However,theintegrationofAIintothesesectorsalsoraisesethicalconcernsandchallenges.Theissueofdataprivacyandsecurityisofparticularimportance,asAIsystemsrelyonlargeamountsofdatatofunctioneffectively.ThereareconcernsthatthecollectionanduseofpersonaldatabyAIsystemscouldleadtoprivacyviolationsandpotentialmisuseofinformation.Additionally,therelianceonAIalgorithmsforcriticaldecision-makingraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityandtransparency.IfanAIsystemmakesanincorrectorbiaseddecision,itcanbedifficulttodeterminewhoisresponsibleandhowtorectifythesituation.AddressingtheseethicalconcernsanddevelopingappropriateregulationsandguidelinesiscrucialtoensurethatthebenefitsofAIareharnessedresponsiblyandforthebettermentofsociety.試卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.D解析思路：文章首段指出傳統(tǒng)報紙面臨危機(jī)，第二段說明報紙的轉(zhuǎn)型和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)（廣告下降），第三段討論社交媒體帶來的問題（虛假信息、過濾氣泡），最后一段總結(jié)未來不確定但數(shù)字時代已改變新聞消費(fèi)方式。選項D“數(shù)字時代從根本上改變了新聞消費(fèi)方式，而報紙等傳統(tǒng)媒體在適應(yīng)和生存中面臨挑戰(zhàn)”最能概括全文主旨。選項A“數(shù)字媒體取代了傳統(tǒng)報紙”過于絕對，文中說報紙在轉(zhuǎn)型。選項B“社交媒體是新聞消費(fèi)的主要方式”與文章第三段討論社交媒體是問題而非主要方式不符。選項C“讀者應(yīng)更加謹(jǐn)慎地消費(fèi)新聞”是文章給讀者的建議，而非主旨。2.D解析思路：文章第二段明確指出“廣告的下降對許多報紙造成了特別大的損害，因?yàn)閺V告代表了它們收入的重要部分”。文中提到印刷廣告是傳統(tǒng)報紙的主要收入來源之一，而向數(shù)字廣告的轉(zhuǎn)型緩慢且困難，因?yàn)閺V告商不愿投資，導(dǎo)致廣告收入銳減，這對報紙的生存構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。因此，廣告收入下降是最大的挑戰(zhàn)。3.A解析思路：文章第二段提到“一些報紙已經(jīng)成功轉(zhuǎn)型到數(shù)字平臺，提供在線訂閱和移動應(yīng)用程序來迎合讀者不斷變化的需求”。這說明一些報紙通過提供在線服務(wù)（如在線訂閱、移動應(yīng)用）來吸引讀者并獲取收入，以應(yīng)對印刷廣告下降的挑戰(zhàn)。4.C解析思路：文章第三段指出“社交媒體平臺可以成為新聞的寶貴來源，但它們也充斥著虛假信息和宣傳”。并且，“算法往往優(yōu)先考慮參與度而不是準(zhǔn)確性，導(dǎo)致聳人聽聞和誤導(dǎo)性內(nèi)容的傳播”。這表明社交媒體上的算法傾向于放大吸引眼球但可能不實(shí)的內(nèi)容，造成信息失真和誤導(dǎo)，這是其潛在的負(fù)面影響。5.B解析思路：文章最后一段建議“讀者應(yīng)成為批判性的新聞消費(fèi)者，尋找多個信息來源，并培養(yǎng)辨別可靠新聞和虛假信息所需的能力”。這些建議的核心是讀者需要具備批判性思維能力，主動尋求多個不同來源的信息，并學(xué)會辨別真?zhèn)?，以?yīng)對復(fù)雜的新聞環(huán)境。6.C解析思路：文章首段定義了“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)”并指出它是勞動力市場的一種新形式，隨后分段討論了它的驅(qū)動力（平臺、靈活性需求、替代工作安排）以及它的好處和壞處。文章圍繞“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)”這一核心概念展開，對比其優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)。選項C“文章主要討論了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的定義、好處和挑戰(zhàn)”最能概括主旨。選項A“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)對工人有諸多好處”只涵蓋了文章的部分內(nèi)容。選項B“文章分析了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)對傳統(tǒng)工作模式的沖擊”是文章討論的內(nèi)容之一，但不是最全面的概括。選項D“文章認(rèn)為零工經(jīng)濟(jì)將完全取代傳統(tǒng)工作”與文章最后一段的觀點(diǎn)不符。7.A解析思路：文章第四段明確列舉了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)對工人的好處，并引用了首段末尾提到的“靈活性”。具體來說，工人可以選擇工作的時間、地點(diǎn)和方式，平衡工作與生活，以及利用自身技能在不傳統(tǒng)的工作中賺錢。選項A“靈活性，包括自主選擇工作時間、地點(diǎn)和方式，以及利用技能賺錢的機(jī)會”概括了文章第四段提到的核心好處。8.B解析思路：文章第四段提到了缺乏工作保障和福利是零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一，例如沒有健康保險、退休計劃等，導(dǎo)致財務(wù)不穩(wěn)定。第五段提到工作不穩(wěn)定和易受剝削，因?yàn)轫椖恐坪筒豢深A(yù)測性導(dǎo)致收入不穩(wěn)定，且作為獨(dú)立承包商法律保護(hù)較少，競爭激烈可能壓低價格。選項B“缺乏工作保障和福利，以及收入不穩(wěn)定和工作被剝削的風(fēng)險”綜合了文章第四段和第五段的核心挑戰(zhàn)。9.A解析思路：文章第四段提到“零工工人通常沒有資格獲得福利，例如健康保險、退休計劃和帶薪休假，這使他們?nèi)菀资艿截攧?wù)不穩(wěn)定的影響”。這說明由于缺乏傳統(tǒng)雇主提供的福利保障，零工工人更容易面臨財務(wù)上的脆弱性和不穩(wěn)定。10.D解析思路：文章最后一段指出，雖然挑戰(zhàn)很多，但零工經(jīng)濟(jì)會繼續(xù)發(fā)展，并建議“政策制定者和企業(yè)需要解決零工經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，例如為工人提供福利保障和改善工人保護(hù)”。選項D“為工人提供福利保障和改善工人保護(hù)”直接對應(yīng)了文章最后一句提出的建議。11.C解析思路：文章首段點(diǎn)明氣候變暖是人類面臨的最緊迫挑戰(zhàn)之一，并解釋了原因（溫室氣體增加）。第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)共識（人類是主