2/22021~2022學(xué)年度高二（下）期末檢測英語(全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、學(xué)號、考號填寫在答題卡上。2.考生作答時，請在答題卡上作答（答題注意事項見答題卡），在本試題上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt'?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.What’sthemandoing?A.Makinganinterview.B.Lookingforashop.C.Shoppingatthemall.2.Howlongdidthemanstayatthelibrary?A.About3hours.B.About4hours.C.About5hours.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabagstore.B.Ataleft-luggageoffice.C.Atarestaurant.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Husbandandwife.C.Employerandemployee.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.WatchTV.B.Washthedishes.C.Prepareameal.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomandothisafternoon?A.Shereadabook.B.ShewatchedTV.C.Shevisitedazoo.7.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheelephants’situation?A.Concerned.B.Interested.C.Satisfied.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatisWallStreetBears?A.Anovel.B.Amovie.C.Atelevisiondrama.9.Whendidthemancomebackfromthefestivallastyear?A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydidn’tthemangototheGrandCanyon?A.Hewastoobusy.B.Tonyfellill.C.Hegotlost.11.WhichhighwayshouldthefamilytakefromDenver?A.Highway14.B.Highway90.C.Highway29.12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Everythingwasperfectduringthetrip.B.Themandidn’tenjoyhistripatall.C.Thetriptooklongerthanexpected.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WherewillthespeakersmeetAmy?A.OutsideAmy’shouse.B.Outsidethecinema.C.Atthebusstop.14.Howwillthespeakersprobablygodowntown?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.15.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Watchingafilm.B.Repairingthecar.C.Studyingforatest.16.Howmanypeoplewillgodowntowntogether?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whousuallyreadsthemorningannouncements?A.Robert.B.Timmy.C.Mr.McKinney.18.Whenisthedeadlineoftheassignment?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.19.Forwhatdoesthespeakerapologize?A.Thelibraryhours.B.Thehomework.C.Thecomputers.20.WhatwilltakeplaceonSaturdayafternoon?A.Abasketballmatch.B.Avolleyballmatch.C.Abaseballmatch.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheBestLanguageLearningAppsDuoLingoPrice:FreeDuoLingoturnslearninglanguageintoagame.Eachlessonisbrokendownbysubjectmatter,andusersmustcompleteexercisesthatintegrate(綜合)reading,writing,listeningandspeakingtoadvancetothenextlevel.Theapprecordsyourprogressandusessmartphonenotificationstoencourageregularuse.Itschatrobotmayhelptestwhatyou’velearned.You’llevenseesuggestedphrasesifyou’reatalossforwords.BabbelPrice:$12.95—$83.40WhatsetsBabbelapartisitscoursecustomization,lettingyoumakelessonplanstofocusonvocabularyandconversationtopicsrelevanttoyourspecificneeds.Babbeldrawson(利用)whatyou’vealreadyknownaboutyournativetongue,andnewlessonsareintroducedthroughconversation.Babbelreintroducesvocabularyandgrammarthroughreading,speakingandlisteningexercisesovertimetomakesureyou’vegoteverythingkeptinmind.MemrisePrice:FreeMemriseusesanunderstandingofbrainscienceandlearningtomakesureyou’retrulyabsorbingnewlinguistic(語言的)concepts.Coursesarebrokenintodifferentlevels,whichareallavailableforofflineuseontheapp.Tokeeptheprogramsharp,Memrisecollectsinformationfromitsgraduatesandintegratesperformancedatatoimprovelessons.RocketLanguagesPrice:$99.95andupIfyouwanttolearnaboutalanguageanditsplaceintheworld,takealookatRocketLanguages.Relyingonspeechexercisesandvocabularyflashcarddrills,theircurriculumisbuiltforpeoplewhohavegraspedvariouslanguagestopickupnewlanguagesquickly.Andunlikeotherlanguageprograms,thereareculturelessonshereshowingyouhowthelanguagechangedovertimeandwhatkindofroleitplaystoday.1.WhatdoDuoLingoandMemrisehaveincommon?A.Coursesareavailableforofflineuse.B.Theyareaccessibletolearnersforfree.C.Whatlearnershavelearnedcanberecorded.D.Learnerscanlearnlanguagesjustusingflashcards.2.WhatdowelearnaboutBabbel?A.Itisavailableataveryhighprice. B.Itprovidescustomizedlessonsforlearners.C.Itisbestforface-to-facelearners. D.Itismainlydesignedforculturalenthusiasts.3.WhichAppismostsuitableifyouwanttolearnaboutthedevelopmentofthelanguage?A.DuoLingo. B.Babbel. C.Memrise. D.RocketLanguages.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾款最好的語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DuoLingo部分中“Price:Free(價格：免費)”和Memrise部分中“Price:Free(價格：免費)”可知，DuoLingo和Memrise這兩款語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序的共同點是，它們都是免費使用的，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Babbel部分中“WhatsetsBabbelapartisitscoursecustomization,lettingyoumakelessonplanstofocusonvocabularyandconversationtopicsrelevanttoyourspecificneeds.(Babbel與眾不同之處在于它的課程定制，讓你制定課程計劃，將重點放在與你的具體需求相關(guān)的詞匯和會話主題上)”可知，Babbel為學(xué)習(xí)者提供定制的課程。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RocketLanguages部分中“Andunlikeotherlanguageprograms,thereareculturelessonshereshowingyouhowthelanguagechangedovertimeandwhatkindofroleitplaystoday.(與其他語言程序不同，這里有一些文化課程，向你展示語言是如何隨著時間的推移而變化的，以及它在今天扮演著什么樣的角色)”可知，如果你想了解語言的發(fā)展，RocketLanguages這個應(yīng)用程序最合適你，故選D。BMyfirsttriptoItalywaswithafriendwhenIwas19.WhenIgottoVenice,Ijustcouldn’tbelievehowbeautifulitwas.Seeingitwasanexperienceinitself.Wedidallthetouristythings,includingvisitstothegalleries.Later,ImadeanothertriptoItaly.WalkingaroundthestreetsofRome,Ireallyenjoyedgettingtoknowthecity.Romehassuchamazinggalleries.TheVaticanMuseum’sartgalleryinparticularisveryspecial.YoucanseeCaravaggioandallthegreatsthere.TheNationalGalleryofModernArthassomewonderfulart.IreallyhadfalleninlovewithItalyanditsartinabigway.SadlyIhadnoartistictalent,butIjustlovedtobearoundit.Ivisitedquiteafewartgalleries.BythetimeIstartedwritingmyfirstnovel,NotaPennyMore,NotaPennyLess,Iwasinmythirties.Ialwayssay“writeaboutwhatyouknow”,soart,aswellasbusinessandpolitics,hasbeenappearinginoneformoranotherinmybooksacrosstheyears.Oneofthemaincharactersinthatfirstnovelwasanartgalleryowner.BythetimeIhadwrittenfourbooks,IbondedwithtwoartgallerygoersoveraloveofartandItalyandeventuallystartedgoingforalmostanannualtriptodifferentcitiesortownsinItaly.Overthepast40years,wehavevisitedabout60citiesandtownsacrossItaly,someverysmallbutinpossessionofremarkablemasterpieces.ForthefirstbookintheWilliamWarwickseries,Iplacedthedetective(偵探)intheartandantiquitiessquad(文物組),wherehewasinvestigatingthetheftofapricelessRembrandtpainting,soartisstillverymuchathemeinmywork.I’mfortunatetobeabletoindulge(盡情投入)mypassionforItalyanditsart,inspiredbythoseearlyvisitssomanyyearsago.4.HowwouldtheauthordescribehisfirsttwotripstoItaly?A.TheymadehimattractedtoItaly. B.Theyimprovedhisskillinpainting.C.Theyenhancedhisconfidenceinwriting. D.Theyfiredhisenthusiasmfortraveling.5.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthor’sfirstnovel?A.Itisbasedonhisexperience. B.Itattachesgreatvaluetofamily.C.Itfailstoliveuptohisexpectation. D.Itcentersonhischildhoodstories.6.HowdidItaly’sartinfluencetheauthor?A.Itstrengthenedhisfamilybonds. B.Itdeepenedhisunderstandingofhimself.C.Itprovidedinspirationforhiswriting. D.Itunlockedhisartisticpotentialandtalent.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artmadeamanenergetic. B.Travelopenedmyeyestoothercultures.C.Writinginspiredmypassionfortravel. D.Anart-filledtripchangedmylife.【答案】4.A5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者去意大利的旅行使作者愛上意大利和其藝術(shù)，并給作者的寫作帶來靈感，從而改變了作者的一生?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“MyfirsttriptoItalywaswithafriendwhenIwas19.WhenIgottoVenice,Ijustcouldn’tbelievehowbeautifulitwas.Seeingitwasanexperienceinitself.Wedidallthetouristythings,includingvisitstothegalleries.Later,ImadeanothertriptoItaly.WalkingaroundthestreetsofRome,Ireallyenjoyedgettingtoknowthecity.Romehassuchamazinggalleries.TheVaticanMuseum’sartgalleryinparticularisveryspecial.YoucanseeCaravaggioandallthegreatsthere.TheNationalGalleryofModernArthassomewonderfulart.IreallyhadfalleninlovewithItalyanditsartinabigway.(我第一次去意大利是19歲時和一個朋友去的。當(dāng)我到達(dá)威尼斯的時候，我簡直不敢相信那里有多美?？吹剿旧砭褪且环N體驗。我們體驗了所有的游客活動，包括參觀美術(shù)館。后來，我又去了意大利。漫步在羅馬的街道上，我真的很喜歡了解這個城市。羅馬有這么多令人驚嘆的畫廊。尤其是梵蒂岡博物館的美術(shù)館非常特別。你可以在那里看到卡拉瓦喬和所有偉大的作品。國家現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)美術(shù)館有一些精彩的藝術(shù)品。我真的深深地愛上了意大利和它的藝術(shù)。)”可知，作者前兩次去意大利的旅行使他深深愛上了意大利，對意大利著迷，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“BythetimeIstartedwritingmyfirstnovel,NotaPennyMore,NotaPennyLess,Iwasinmythirties.Ialwayssay“writeaboutwhatyouknow”,soart,aswellasbusinessandpolitics,hasbeenappearinginoneformoranotherinmybooksacrosstheyears.Oneofthemaincharactersinthatfirstnovelwasanartgalleryowner.(當(dāng)我開始寫我的第一部小說NotaPennyMore,NotaPennyLess時，我已經(jīng)三十多歲了。我總是說“寫你所知道的”，所以多年來，藝術(shù)，以及商業(yè)和政治，一直以這樣或那樣的形式出現(xiàn)在我的書中。第一部小說中的主要人物之一是一個藝術(shù)畫廊的老板。)”可知，作者的第一本小說是基于他自己的經(jīng)歷所寫的，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oneofthemaincharactersinthatfirstnovelwasanartgalleryowner.(第一部小說中的主要人物之一是一個藝術(shù)畫廊的老板。)”，第三段中“BythetimeIhadwrittenfourbooks,IbondedwithtwoartgallerygoersoveraloveofartandItalyandeventuallystartedgoingforalmostanannualtriptodifferentcitiesortownsinItaly.(當(dāng)我寫了四本書的時候，我和兩個藝術(shù)畫廊的?？鸵驗閷λ囆g(shù)和意大利的熱愛而建立了聯(lián)系，并且最終開始了幾乎一年一度的意大利不同城市或城鎮(zhèn)之旅。)”和倒數(shù)第二段中“soartisstillverymuchathemeinmywork.(所以藝術(shù)仍然是我作品的主題。)”可知，意大利的藝術(shù)為作者的寫作提供了靈感。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“I’mfortunatetobeabletoindulge(盡情投入)mypassionforItalyanditsart,inspiredbythoseearlyvisitssomanyyearsago.(我很幸運能夠滿足我對意大利及其藝術(shù)的熱情，這是多年前那些早期訪問給我的啟發(fā)。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者去意大利的旅行使作者愛上意大利和其藝術(shù)，并給作者的寫作帶來靈感，從而改變了作者的一生，所以D項“Anart-filledtripchangedmylife.(一次充滿藝術(shù)氣息的旅行改變了我的生活。)”適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選D。CShakespeareandCompanyisabookstoreunlikeanyother.ItwashometotheLostGenerationinthe1920s,theBeatGenerationinthe1950s,andshouldbeaplaceanyliterary(文學(xué))loverdreamsofvisitinginParistoday.AnAmericanserviceman,GeorgeWhitman,openedabookstorein1951onParis’LeftBank.Hechoseanold16th-centurymonastery(修道院)forhisnewbusiness;it’sjustminutesfromthefamousNotreDameCathedralandonthestepsoftheSeineRiver.ItbecameoneofthemostfamousbookstoresintheworldandquicklygatheredareputationwhereliterarytypesfromtheBeatGenerationwouldalwaysfindahomethroughthe1950sand60s.ThisbookstoretakesitsnamefromanolderstorewhichwasstartedinParisin1919byaladycalledSylviaBeach.ItwasaliteraryheavenandhometotheLostGeneration.ManylikeF.ScottFitzgeraldandErnestHemingwayfoundlike-mindedpeopleinthestore.SylviaBeachlefttheofficialnametoGeorgeWhitmaninthelate1950sanduponherdeath.HerenamedhisbookstoreShakespeareandCompanyinherandthestore’shonor.UnderGeorgeWhitman,theshopwelcomedanewgenerationofwriters,includingAllenGinsberg,HenryMiller,AnaisNinandRayBradbury.UnderGeorgeWhitman,writersdevotedtowritingwereencouragedtostayinthebookstoreandsleepinsimplebedsthatwereputaroundtheplace.Hecalledthesepeoplethe“tumbleweeds”—peoplewhorolledaroundtheplace,hopingtowritetheirbestwork.Tumbleweedshavealwaysbeenofferedafreebasicbedforthenightinexchangeforacoupleofhours’workeachday,thepromisetoreadabookeachday,andtowriteaoneautobiography.EthanHawkewasamongthe30,000tumbleweeds—hestayedthereforsixnightswhenhearrivedinParisatage16.SinceGeorgeWhitman’sdeath,itishisdaughterSylviaWhitmanwhorunsthestore.8.WhatisspecialaboutShakespeareandCompany?A.Ithasbeenappealingtoliterarylovers. B.Itprovidesshelterforhomelesswriters.C.Ithasahistoryofaboutonehundredyears. D.ItislocatedneartheNotreDameCathedral.9.WhydidGeorgerenamehisbookstoreShakespeareandCompany?A.ToshowrespectforSylviaBeach. B.Toattractmorereaderstothebookstore.C.Towelcomeyounggenerationofwriters. D.TomemorizethegreatwriterShakespeare.10.Whatdo“tumbleweeds”inParagraph4refertointhepassage?A.Thepoorreaderswhoneededfreeaccommodation.B.Thefamouswriterswhooncevisitedthebookstore.C.Theordinarypeoplewhowantedtomeetwithfamouswriters.D.Theambitiouswriterswhospentalongtimeinthebookstore.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletolovereading.B.Tostresstheimportanceofbookstores.C.Toprovideinformationaboutafamousbookstore.D.TosharethestoriesaboutSylviaBeachandGeorge.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ShakespeareandCompany這個著名書店的歷史，名字的由來以及它的與眾不同。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ShakespeareandCompanyisabookstoreunlikeanyother.ItwashometotheLostGenerationinthe1920s,theBeatGenerationinthe1950s,andshouldbeaplaceanyliterary(文學(xué))loverdreamsofvisitinginParistoday.(ShakespeareandCompany是一家與眾不同的書店。它是20世紀(jì)20年代迷惘的一代，50年代垮掉的一代的家園，也是任何文學(xué)愛好者夢寐以求的巴黎之旅。)”可知，ShakespeareandCompany的特別之處在于它一直吸引著文學(xué)愛好者，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“SylviaBeachlefttheofficialnametoGeorgeWhitmaninthelate1950sanduponherdeath.HerenamedhisbookstoreShakespeareandCompanyinherandthestore’shonor.(在20世紀(jì)50年代末，SylviaBeach在臨死之際，將正式名字留給了GeorgeWhitman。為了紀(jì)念SylviaBeach和這個書店，George重新將他的書店命名為ShakespeareandCompany。)”可知，George重新將他的書店命名為ShakespeareandCompany，是為了紀(jì)念SylviaBeach，即向SylviaBeach致敬，故選A?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“UnderGeorgeWhitman,writersdevotedtowritingwereencouragedtostayinthebookstoreandsleepinsimplebedsthatwereputaroundtheplace.Hecalledthesepeoplethe“tumbleweeds”—peoplewhorolledaroundtheplace,hopingtowritetheirbestwork(在GeorgeWhitman的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，致力于寫作的作家們被鼓勵待在書店里，睡在簡單的床上。他稱這些人為“tumbleweeds”——睡在這個地方的人，希望寫出自己最好的作品)”可知，tumbleweeds指的是上文提到的那些長時間待在書店里致力于寫作的，有抱負(fù)的作家們，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“ShakespeareandCompanyisabookstoreunlikeanyother.ItwashometotheLostGenerationinthe1920s,theBeatGenerationinthe1950s,andshouldbeaplaceanyliterary(文學(xué))loverdreamsofvisitinginParistoday.(ShakespeareandCompany書店是一家與眾不同的書店。它是20世紀(jì)20年代迷惘的一代，50年代垮掉的一代的家園，也是任何文學(xué)愛好者夢寐以求的巴黎之旅。)”可知，文章主要介紹了ShakespeareandCompany這個著名書店的歷史，名字的由來以及它的與眾不同。由此可知，作者的寫作目的是提供有關(guān)一家著名書店的相關(guān)信息。故選C。DAntshavetheabilitytosniffout(嗅出)cancerouscellsinhumans,anewstudyhasdiscovered.ResearchersfromtheFrenchNationalCentreforScientificResearch(CNRS)discoveredthatFormicafuscaants(絲光褐林蟻)wereabletotellcancerouscellsfromhealthycellsinhumans,thankstotheirwelldevelopedsenseofsmell.Butmoreclinicaltestsmustbecarriedoutbeforetheycouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals,theteamsaid.Toconducttheirresearch,thescientistsperformedtestswith36ants,smellingcellsunderalaboratorysetting.First,theyexposedtheantstothesmellofasampleofcanceroushumancells.Theantswererewardedwithasugarsolutionwhentheysniffedoutcancercells.Inasecondstep,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentsmells.Onewasanewsmellandthesecondwasthesmellofthecancerouscells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,theresearchersexposedtheantstodifferentcancerouscells.Assuch,thescientistsfoundthatantstellthedifferencebetweencancerousandhealthycellsandbetweentwocancerouslines.“Thisfirststudyshowsthatantshavehighpotential,arecapableoflearningveryquickly,atlowercost,andareefficient,”pointsoutCNRSinanewsrelease.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethatscientistshaveusedtheanimalsenseofsmelltolocatecancerouscells.“Dogs’nosesarewellsuitedformedicaldiagnosisandusedforthedetectionofcancer-specificvolatileorganiccompound(揮發(fā)性有機化合物).However,trainingthemtodosorequiresseveralmonthstoayear.”theresearchersexplained.“Insectscanbeeasilyraisedincontrolledconditions.Theyhaveaverywell-developedsmellsystemandhundredsofindividualscanbetrainedwithveryfewtrials.Antsthereforerepresentafast,efficientandinexpensivetoolfordetectionofcancercellvolatiles.”theresearcherspointout.12.Howmanystepsdidscientiststaketotestants’abilitytodetectcancerouscells?A.Two B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearch?A.Trainingantstakesmuchtimeandmoney.B.Antscouldbeusedforcancerdiagnosisinfuture.C.Dogshavebeenreplacedbyantsinmedicaldiagnosis.D.Scientistshavedecidedtoraiseantsfordetectiontasks.14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Dogsarewellsuitedformedicaldiagnosis.B.Antsareplayingavitalroleinclinicalsettings.C.Theanimalsenseofsmellcouldbeusedtotreatcancer.D.Antshavetheabilitytodetectcancerouscellsinhumans.15.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Aguidebook. C.Asciencejournal. D.Afilmreview.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻能夠嗅出人體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“First,theyexposedtheantstothesmellofasampleofcanceroushumancells.Theantswererewardedwithasugarsolutionwhentheysniffedoutcancercells.Inasecondstep,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentsmells.Onewasanewsmellandthesecondwasthesmellofthecancerouscells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,theresearchersexposedtheantstodifferentcancerouscells.(首先，他們將螞蟻暴露在人類癌細(xì)胞樣本的氣味中。當(dāng)螞蟻嗅出癌細(xì)胞時，他們得到了糖溶液作為獎勵。第二步，研究人員將螞蟻暴露在兩種不同的氣味中。一種是新的氣味，第二種是癌細(xì)胞的氣味。一旦這項測試成功，研究人員將螞蟻暴露在不同的癌細(xì)胞中。)”可知，科學(xué)家們采取了三個步驟來測試螞蟻檢測癌細(xì)胞的能力，即他們將螞蟻暴露在人類癌細(xì)胞樣本的氣味中；研究人員將螞蟻暴露在兩種不同的氣味中；研究人員將螞蟻暴露在不同的癌細(xì)胞中。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Assuch,thescientistsfoundthatantstellthedifferencebetweencancerousandhealthycellsandbetweentwocancerouslines.(因此，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻能夠區(qū)分癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞以及兩種癌細(xì)胞系。)”和最后一段““Insectscanbeeasilyraisedincontrolledconditions.Theyhaveaverywell-developedsmellsystemandhundredsofindividualscanbetrainedwithveryfewtrials.Antsthereforerepresentafast,efficientandinexpensivetoolfordetectionofcancercellvolatiles.”theresearcherspointout.(研究人員指出，“昆蟲可以很容易地在受控的條件下飼養(yǎng)。它們有一個非常發(fā)達(dá)的嗅覺系統(tǒng)，并且數(shù)以百計的個人可以用非常少的試驗來訓(xùn)練它門。因此，螞蟻是一種快速、高效和廉價的檢測癌細(xì)胞揮發(fā)物的工具?！?”可知，螞蟻能夠區(qū)分癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞以及兩種癌細(xì)胞系，而且用螞蟻來檢測檢測癌細(xì)胞揮發(fā)物，是快速、高效和廉價的，由此可推知，螞蟻將來可用于癌癥的診斷。故選B?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Antshavetheabilitytosniffout(嗅出)cancerouscellsinhumans,anewstudyhasdiscovered.(一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻能夠嗅出人體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞)”和最后一段““Insectscanbeeasilyraisedincontrolledconditions.Theyhaveaverywell-developedsmellsystemandhundredsofindividualscanbetrainedwithveryfewtrials.Antsthereforerepresentafast,efficientandinexpensivetoolfordetectionofcancercellvolatiles.”theresearcherspointout.(“昆蟲可以很容易地在受控條件下飼養(yǎng)。它們有一個非常發(fā)達(dá)的嗅覺系統(tǒng)，只需很少的試驗就可以訓(xùn)練數(shù)百只個體。因此，螞蟻是檢測癌細(xì)胞揮發(fā)物的快速、高效和廉價的工具?！毖芯咳藛T指出。)”可知，文章主要講述螞蟻有能力檢測人體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Antshavetheabilitytosniffout(嗅出)cancerouscellsinhumans,anewstudyhasdiscovered.(一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻能夠嗅出人體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞)”可知，文章主要介紹一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻能夠嗅出人體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞，這是有關(guān)科學(xué)方面的知識，由此可推知，文章可能選自科學(xué)雜志，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Hungeriscomplicatedandcanhavemanydifferenttriggers(誘因),saidDr.MoniqueTello,directorofresearchandacademicaffairsforthehealthylifestyleprogramatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.Medicalreasons:First,it’simportanttoruleout(排除)anymedicalissuesAnybodywhoisfeelingveryhungryallofthetimeandisn’tabletogainweightorislosingweightshouldseeadoctor.____16____Forexample.manypeoplewithtype1diabetes(糖尿病)saythatthoughtheyeatalot,theyloseweightandfeelterrible.Psychologicalreasons:____17____ButeverpresentfoodmarketingonTVandsocialmediacancausepeopletoeatoftenandalot.Therearealsodeeply-rootedculturaltriggers,liketheideaofeatingthreemealsadayplussnacks.Themorepeopleeat,thelargerthestomachgets.Thenifit’sempty,itsignalsthemtoeatmore.Aperson’sstateofmindcanplayarole,too.____18____.Boredom,anxietyanddepressioncanalsosendpeopletolookintotherefrigeratorwhenthey’renottrulyhungry.Lifestylereasons:Sometimesthebestanswertothequestion“WhyamIalwayshungry?”isthesimplestone:____19____Solutions:LimityourexposuretofoodadvertisingTVandsocialmedia.Removeyourselffromanyfoodtemptations.Feelfullerbyadjustingthequalityofyourdiet:Avoidprocessedcarbohydratesandsugarsfoundinfoodslikewhitebread,bakedgoodsandcereal.____20____Suchchoiceswillkeepyoumoresatisfied,longer.A.Turntoyourdoctorwhenyoufeeldepressed.B.It’sreasonabletobehungryeverythreetofivehours.C.Youareeatingtoolittle,exercisingtoomuch,orboth.D.Aimforadiethigherinfiber,proteinandhealthyfats.E.Someconditionscouldcauseconstantorextremehunger.F.Theyagreethatoneshouldstartthedaywithagoodbreakfast.G.Stressandlackofsleepareassociatedwithhigherlevelsofhunger.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了導(dǎo)致饑餓的不同誘因。【16題詳解】下文“Forexample.manypeoplewithtype1diabetes(糖尿病)saythatthoughtheyeatalot,theyloseweightandfeelterrible.(比如說，許多1型糖尿病患者說，盡管他們吃得很多，但他們體重減輕了，感覺很糟糕。)”舉例子說明某些身體狀況會引起饑餓，由此可知，空處引起下文，指出某些狀況能引起饑餓，E項“Someconditionscouldcauseconstantorextremehunger.(某些情況可能導(dǎo)致持續(xù)的或極度的饑餓。)”符合，故選E?！?7題詳解】下文“ButeverpresentfoodmarketingonTVandsocialmediacancausepeopletoeatoftenandalot.(但是在電視和社交媒體上展示食品營銷會讓人們經(jīng)常吃很多東西。)”指出受電視和社交媒體影響，人們會經(jīng)常吃東西，由but可知，前后應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，B項“It’sreasonabletobehungryeverythreetofivehours.(每隔三到五個小時感覺到餓是合理的。)”符合，正常情況人們每隔三到五個小時感覺到餓是合理的，但是受電視和社交媒體上影響，人們總是感到饑餓，故選B?！?8題詳解】上文“Aperson’sstateofmindcanplayarole,too.(一個人的精神狀態(tài)也會起作用。)”指出一個人的精神狀態(tài)也會引起饑餓感，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，對此進(jìn)行具體描述，G項“Stressandlackofsleepareassociatedwithhigherlevelsofhunger.(壓力和睡眠不足與更高水平的饑餓有關(guān)。)”符合，其中Aperson’sstateofmind與Stressandlackofsleep相呼應(yīng)，故選G?！?9題詳解】由標(biāo)題“Lifestylereasons:(生活方式原因)”和上文“Sometimesthebestanswertothequestion“WhyamIalwayshungry?”isthesimplestone:(有時候“為什么我總是餓”這個問題的最佳答案是最簡單的一個：)”可知，本段主要介紹生活方式造成人們常有饑餓感，空處應(yīng)該具體介紹一種造成人們饑餓的生活方式，以此來回答“為什么我總是餓”這個問題，C項“Youareeatingtoolittle,exercisingtoomuch,orboth.(你吃得太少，運動太多，或者兩者兼而有之。)”符合，故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“LimityourexposuretofoodadvertisingTVandsocialmedia.Removeyourselffromanyfoodtemptations.Feelfullerbyadjustingthequalityofyourdiet:Avoidprocessedcarbohydratesandsugarsfoundinfoodslikewhitebread,bakedgoodsandcereal.(限制你接觸食品廣告、電視和社交媒體。遠(yuǎn)離任何食物的誘惑。通過調(diào)整你的飲食質(zhì)量來感覺更飽:避免在白面包、烘焙食品和谷類食品中發(fā)現(xiàn)加工過的碳水化合物和糖。)”提出避免饑餓的一些方法，下文“Suchchoiceswillkeepyoumoresatisfied,longer.(這樣的選擇會讓你更滿意，更長時間才會感到饑餓。)”對上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，由此可知，空處也應(yīng)和上文一樣，介紹避免饑餓的一個方法，D項“Aimforadiethigherinfiber,proteinandhealthyfats.(以纖維、蛋白質(zhì)和健康脂肪含量較高的飲食為目標(biāo)。)”符合，故選D。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。A9-yearoldgirlnamedReesewasamongthosewholosttheirentirehometotheCreekFireinFresnoCounty,California.Whileherlovedonesandpetswereableto____21____unhurtalmostallofher____22____weredestroyed.Reeseisabaseball____23____whohasspentthepastfewyearsbuildingupacollectionofbaseballcards.Afterthefire,newsofthechild’sdestroyedcollection____24____theCALFIRE/FresnoCountyFiredepartment.Theydecidedto____25____CHP-Fresnotoasktheircommunityto____26____anyoldbaseballcardstheyhadto____27____thelittlegirl’sday.WhenKevingotthenews,he____28____thoughtoftheboxof____29____hewasplanningtosellbyauction(拍賣).Thenhedecidedtodonatethemalland____30____thefirstresponders(急救人員)andtoldthemwhathewantedtodo.WhentheyfoundoutjusthowmanycardsKevinhad____31____sincethe1990s,theywere____32____.Itwasabout25,000cards.Onthedayofthedonation,dozensoffirstresponders____33____atKevin’shouseto____34____theboxesofcards.Thentheyceremoniously(隆重地)____35____eachandeveryoneofthemtoavery____36____child!ConsideringthefacttheKevin’scollectioncouldhavebroughtinthousandsofdollars____37____he’dsoldthem,we’dsaythiswasthemost____38____donationanyonecouldhaveimagined!Nottomention,thesentimental(情感的)valuecouldneverbe____39____,andhediditalltomakeastranger____40____!21.A.escape B.participate C.disappear D.pretend22.A.journeys B.opportunities C.entertainments D.possessions23.A.lover B.writer C.operator D.manager24.A.educated B.cheated C.reached D.troubled25.A.putupwith B.teamupwith C.catchupwith D.endupwith26.A.preserve B.exchange C.discuss D.donate27.A.brighten B.experience C.schedule D.challenge28.A.apparently B.immediately C.generally D.frequently29.A.stones B.coins C.cards D.baseballs30.A.promised B.convinced C.motivated D.contacted31.A.designed B.ruined C.recommended D.collected32.A.ashamed B.discouraged C.shocked D.annoyed33.A.wokeup B.showedup C.settleddown D.calmeddown34.A.purchase B.gather C.protect D.evaluate35.A.delivered B.contributed C.applied D.lent36.A.silly B.brave C.excited D.curious37.A.unless B.if C.until D.as38.A.romantic B.successful C.generous D.sensitive39.A.controlled B.remembered C.increased D.replaced40.A.smile B.sigh C.nod D.regret【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.D32.C33.B34.B35.A36.C37.B38.C39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一場火災(zāi)燒毀了Reese收集的棒球卡片，消防局得知這個消息后，開始與Chp-Fresno合作，讓他們的社區(qū)捐贈舊棒球卡片。當(dāng)Kevin聽到這個消息后，將自己收集多年，價值數(shù)千美元的卡片捐給了Reese的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她所愛的人和寵物能夠安然無恙地逃脫，但是幾乎她所有的財產(chǎn)都被毀掉了。A.escape逃脫；B.participate參加；C.disappear消失；D.pretend假裝。由上文“A9-yearoldgirlnamedReesewasamongthosewholosttheirentirehometotheCreekFireinFresnoCounty,California.Whileherlovedonesandpetswereableto”可知，Reese的家園發(fā)生火災(zāi)，但是她所愛的人和寵物安然無恙地逃脫了，