考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷2（共9套）

（共209題）

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共25題，每題7.0

分,共25分。）

SuriveintheGlobalEconomicErisisAboutone-thirdofAmericanswhoqualifyfor

publicassistancehaven'tsignedup.Thatamountstomillionsofpeopleneedlesslygoing

withoutfoodstamps,low-incomehousingorhealthinsurance.Thispredicamentiswhat

KealBenefits,aBoston-basedsoftwarestart-up,wascreatedtosolve.Ihefive-person

firm'sWebdatabaseavoidscomplicatedgovernmentpaperworkwitheasy-to-use

screeningandenrollmenttools.SofarRealBenefitshasconnectednearly100,000

familiestomorethan$371millioningovernmentaidsince2000.Yetamidthissuccess,

RealBenefits,whichbeganlifeasanonprofit,facedthesamedilemmathatmanysocial

enterprisesdo:howtoscaleupwithoutsellingout."Nosoftwarefirmisgoingtoattract

donorseasily,evenanonprofit,"saysSharonOster,deanoftheYaleSchoolof

Managementandanexpertonsocialentrepre-neurship."Andtogrow,youneedaccessto

capital."Soin2006,RealBenefitswentcommercial.Stilltuckedundertheumbrellaof

founderCommunityCatalyst,thesalesstaffbeganslov/lyrefocusingitsenergyon

payingcustomerslikehospitalchains,governmentsandschooldistrictsratherthanthe

communityorganizationsandnonprofitsthathadpreviouslypeppereditsclientlist.A

subscription-basedservice,RealBenefitschargesafeeihatrangesfrom$10,000for,say,

ahomeless-servicesgrouptosixfiguresonthehighend."Ourmodelwastofindlarge

hcalth-carcproviderswho'dbewillingtopaybecausetheywereactuallyincreasing

reimbursementsandminimizinguncompensatedcarebyusingourtechnology,"says

CEOEnriqueBalaguer.Nonetheless,RealBenefitswasstillstrugglingtoexpandbecause

ofthedifficultyofaccessingcapital.Sothefirmsetou:tofindabuyerwillingto

continueitssocialmission.IteventuallysettledonTriHealix,aConnecticut-based

health-careITcompany.TheJune2008dealwasworth$3millionto$4million,

Balaguersays.ForRealBenefits.thetransactionallowedittotapintoalargersaleand

marketingforce,Thefirmnowaimstoexpandintoatleast15statesoverthenexttwoto

threeyears."Ourthreecoregoals—tomaximizebenefitstofamilies,effectpolicychange

andtocreateadditionalcapacity—remaininplace/'Balaguersays."Andbeingprofitable

isamajorcomponentofthat."It'satargetthatwillmostlikelypaydividendstothe

wholecommunity.

1、Accordingtothepassage,RealBenefitswascreated.

A^todealwithcomplicatedgovernmentpaperwork

B、tohelpthosewhoareneedytogetgovernmentaid

C、tocheckonwhetherpeoplearequalifiedfbrpublicassistance

D、tohelppeoplegetfoodstamps

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B」

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞RealBenefilswascreated定位到文章第

2段第1句：ThispredicamentiswhatRealBenefits,aBoston-basedsoftwarestart-

up,wascreatedtosolve,可知，RcalBcncfks成立的目的是解決thispredicament,

句中的ihispredicameni指的是文章第1段的內(nèi)容，即很多有需要的人沒有申請政

府救助以致生活窘迫。所以RealBenefits的目的是幫助這些人獲得政府救助。

2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRealBenefits?

A、It'salargecompanywithalotofemployees.

B、Itexploitsadvantageofcomplicatedgovernmentpapers.

C、Thefirmhasearnedmorethan$371millionprofits.

D、Ithashelpedalotoffamiliestogetgovernmentaid.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：語義分析題。由文章第2段第3句：SofarRealBenefitshasconnected

nearly100,OOOfamiliestomorethan$371millioningovernmentaidsince2000.可

知，該公司現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)把政府的3.71億美元分配到ID萬個(gè)家庭中，也就是幫助了很

多的家庭。

3、WhatistheproblemRealBenefitsisfacing?

A、Withoutcapital,howcanitexpanditsbusiness.

B、Thefirmcannotmakeaprofitforitshadservice.

C、Thefirmsuffersalotfromthefiercecompetition.

D、Thefirmcannotgetenoughfundfromgovernment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞problem定位到文中第3段的對應(yīng)表達(dá)

dilemmao句中冒號之后是具體說明howtoscaleupwithoutsellingouto由此可知,

其所面臨的問題是在不銷售產(chǎn)品的前提下如何擴(kuò)大規(guī)模。

4、WhathappenedtoRealBenefitsafteritwentcommercialin2006?

A、Thefirmbecameindependentofitsfounderandbegantomakeprofits.

B、Itfocuseditsenergyonpayingthecommunityorganizationsandnonprofits.

C^RealBenefitschargesafeeof$100,000forahomeless-servicesgroup.

D、Thefirmwastofindlargehealth-careproviderswho'dbewillingtopay.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞wentcommercialin2006定位到第4

段，該段介紹了RealBenefits公司商業(yè)化后的發(fā)展措施，然后第5段Nonetheless話

鋒——轉(zhuǎn)，RealBenefitswasstillstrugglingtoexpandbecauseofthedifficultyof

accessingcapital.可知，它要發(fā)展仍然面臨資金問題。所以不得不尋找買家來繼續(xù)

其使命，最終與TriHealix合作。

5、WhichoneisTRUEaboutthedevelopmentofRcalBcnefitsnow?

A、Thefirmhasexpandeditsbusinessinto15states.

B、Theonlygoalofthefirmistomakemoney.

C、Thefirmstilldoesn'ttrytomakeanyprofits.

D、Thefirm'saimwillbenefitthewholecommunity.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：語義分析題。根據(jù)木段木句：It'satargetthatwillmostlikelypay

dividendstothewholecommunity.止匕處dividend的含義是"紅利即目標(biāo)很有可能

使整個(gè)社區(qū)受益。

TheOilProducesWorldoilproductionisabouttoreachapeakandgointoitsfinal

decline.Foryears,ahandfulofpetroleumgeologists,includingme,havebeenpredicting

peakoilbefore2007,butinaneraofcheapoil,fewpeoplelistened.Lately,severalmajor

oilcompaniesseemtohavegotthemessage.OneofChevron'sadssaystheworldis

currentlyburning2bbl.ofoilforeverybarrelofnewoildiscovered.ExxonMobilsays

1987wasthelastyearthatwefoundmoreoilworldwidethanweburned.Shellreports

thatiiwillexpandiisCanadianoil-sandsoperationsbinelsewherewillfocusonfinding

naturalgasandnotoil.ItsoundsasthoughShelliskissingtheoilbusinessgoodbye.M.

KingHubbert,ageophysicist,correctlypredictedin1956thatoilproductionintheU.S.

wouldpeakintheearly1970s—themomentnowknownas"Hubbert'sPeak",Ibelieve

worldoilproductionisabouttoreachasimilarpeak.Findingoilislikefishinginapond.

Afterseveralmonths,younoticethatyouarenotcatchingasmanyfish.Youcouldbuy

anexpensiveflyrod-newtechnology.Oryoucoulddecidethatyouhavealreadycaught

mostofthefishinthepond.Althoughincreasedoilprices(whichoughttospur

investmentinoilproduction)andnewtechnologyhelp,theycan'tworkmagic.Recent

discoveriesaremodestatbest.TheoilsandsinCanadaandVenezuelaareextensive,but

theCanadianoperationstoconvertthedepositsintotransportableoilconsumelarge

amountsofnaturalgas,whichisinshortsupply.Andtechnologycannoteliminatethe

difficultyHubbertidentified:therateofproducingoildependsonthefractionofoil(hat

hasnotyetbeenproduced.Inotherwords,thefewerthefishinthepond,theharderitis

tocatchone.Peakproductionoccursatthehalfwaypoint.Basedontheavailabledata

aboutnewoilfields,thereare2,013billionbbl.oftotalproducibleoil.Addinguptheoil

producedfromthebirthoftheindustryuntiltoday,wewillreachthedreaded1,006.5-

billion-bbLhalfwaymarklatethisyear.Fortwoyears,I'vebeenpredictingthatworldoil

productionwouldreachitspeakonThanksgivingDay2005.Today,withhighoilprices

pushingvirtuallyalloilproducerstopullupeverybarreltheycansweatoutofthe

ground,Ithinkitmighthappenevenearlier.

6、Whyaresomemajoroilcompaniesmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A、Toshowtheconcernofthesecompaniesaboutoilproblem.

B、Toprovewhattheaulhorsaidistrue.

C^Toillustratetheimportanceofthesecompanies.

D、Toexplainthecauseoftheoilproblem.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。從提問形式可以確定本題考查論據(jù)——論點(diǎn)型段落結(jié)

構(gòu)，題干中的majoroilcompanies是支持性細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，要尋找其支持的論點(diǎn)，需要

仔細(xì)閱讀首段內(nèi)容，區(qū)分觀點(diǎn)和事實(shí)。開篇首句提出觀點(diǎn)：世界石油生產(chǎn)量將到達(dá)

峰值，最終將下滑。接下來第三句指出：最近，幾家大石油公司似乎收到這一信息

(石油生產(chǎn)量下滑)。之后，具體解釋雪佛龍、?？松梨?、殼牌等公司的石油生產(chǎn)

情況。可見，作者提到這幾家大石油公司是為了支持首句觀點(diǎn)，故［B］”為了證明作

者的觀點(diǎn)正確”為答案。從首段所給出的各公司的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容來看，這些公司對石油

的生產(chǎn)情況都很關(guān)注，但［A］是對細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容本身的適度推斷，并非其支持的觀點(diǎn)，

排除；文中提到majorcilcompanies,可見它們地位舉足輕重，這是不容爭議的事

實(shí)，顯然不是細(xì)節(jié)支持的論點(diǎn)，排除［C］；首段沒有提到石油問題產(chǎn)生的原因，故

［D］不是提到majoroil-companics的目的,排除。

7、Thephrase"Hubbert'sPeak"(Lines20,Para.1)refersto.

thetimewhentheoilproductionoftheworldwouldpeak

B、thetimewhentheoilfoundintheworldwouldpeak

C、thetimewhentheoilburningoftheU.S.wouldpeak

D、thetimewhentheoilproductionoftheU.S.wouldpeak

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D

知識點(diǎn)解析：語義理解題。根據(jù)題干中的Hubbert、Peak定位至首段末句，該句中

的破折號表明后面內(nèi)容是對前面內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說明。該句提到一位名為金?胡伯特的

地質(zhì)物理學(xué)家在1956年正確地預(yù)見美國石油生產(chǎn)將在20世紀(jì)70年代初期達(dá)到最

高峰。顯然HubberfsPeak來自該地質(zhì)物理學(xué)家的名字和“石油生產(chǎn)量峰值”這個(gè)概

念，故［D］為答案。［A］具有較強(qiáng)干擾性，首段開篇就提到世界石油生產(chǎn)量這個(gè)概

念，但HubbcFsPeak這個(gè)術(shù)語是對破折號前內(nèi)容的解釋，該部分具體提到的是美

國石油生產(chǎn)量問題，并非世界石油生產(chǎn)量，故排除。

8、Wemayinterfrom"recentdiscoveriesaremodest"(Line10,para.2)that

A、peoplestopsearchingforoil

B、peopledecreasetheproductionofoil

C>peopleuselessoilthantheyusedto

D、theoilexploitationislimited

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由題干中的recentdiscoveriesaremodest定位至第二段

倒數(shù)第二句。該段首句使用一比喻，將探測原油比喻成釣魚。如果很長時(shí)間都釣不

到魚，可以從兩方面來分析：需要買價(jià)錢昂貴、采用新技術(shù)的魚餌；池塘中大部分

的魚已經(jīng)釣光了。接下來用石油進(jìn)行對比：價(jià)錢上漲，新技術(shù)加以應(yīng)用，但結(jié)果還

是不行。HjRecentdiscoveriesaremodestatbestJS,作者以具體事例說明其原

因：盡管有些地方石油儲備廣泛，但開采原油需要消耗大量的天然氣，而后者的供

應(yīng)卻不足?？梢娮髡叩难酝庵馐钦f，由于客觀原因?qū)е率烷_發(fā)量有限，造成石

油生產(chǎn)量不能持續(xù)增加，故|D|為答案。該段末句提到將石油儲備轉(zhuǎn)化成原油的困

難，但沒有指明人們不再探測石油，排除［A］；［B］具有很強(qiáng)干擾性，從文中可以看

出石油生產(chǎn)量達(dá)不到最高值，不是人們有意控制，而是客觀條件不允許，排除；句

子上下文都沒有提到有關(guān)石油消耗的問題，［C］沒有依據(jù)，排除。

9、Theauthorusesthesimileoffishandpondtoexplainthat.

A、newtechnologiescanhelpinfindingoil

B、weshouldnotsearchforoilonlyinoneplate

C、oilcanbereproducedlikefishinthepond

D、thereisapeakpointinoilproduction

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由題干中的tish和pond定位至文中第二段第二句。從

句中的inolherwords可看出，這是對前一句的解釋，首句指出：技術(shù)也無法消除

Hubbert所發(fā)現(xiàn)的困難，即石油生產(chǎn)的速度有賴于石油開發(fā)量，之后又指出：石油

生產(chǎn)的峰值出現(xiàn)在中間點(diǎn)?？梢娮髡哂冕烎~比喻石油開發(fā)是為了解釋石油生產(chǎn)量出

現(xiàn)峰值的原因，故|D］為答案。第二段第五句提到newlechnologyhelp,|A］表述正

確，但作者的意思是說盡管新技術(shù)能讓石油產(chǎn)量提高，但由于其他客觀原因，石油

產(chǎn)量還是無法繼續(xù)增加，而釣魚這個(gè)比喻也正是用于說明此點(diǎn)，排除；文中沒有提

到在多處探測石油的問題，排除［B］；［C］不符合常識，此外，文中也沒有提到魚類

繁殖問題，排除。

10、Fromthepassagewecanconcludethattheauthor.

A、issympathetictoshell

B、worriesabouttheoilindustry

C、takesaneutralattitudetowardsoilindustry

D、isoptimisticabouttheoilproduction

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。在第一段和第二段提出世界石油產(chǎn)量達(dá)到峰值，將開始

下滑的觀點(diǎn)之后，舉例說明，分析原因。第三段第五句中出現(xiàn)了dreaded(可怕的)

一詞.結(jié)合首段第二句中的fewpeoplelistened.可以看出作者對這一現(xiàn)象表示抨

心，故［B］為答案。殼牌石油公司是首段提到的幾個(gè)大石油公司中的一個(gè)，舉例的

目的是為了說明“石油產(chǎn)量將下滑''這一現(xiàn)象，作者只是在第一段倒數(shù)第二句提到It

soundsasthoughShelliskissingtheoilbusinessgoodbye,并沒有表達(dá)同情之意，排

除|A］；作者在前兩段論述較客觀，但第三段中的dreaded等詞表達(dá)了作者對石油

生產(chǎn)的擔(dān)心，具有某種傾向性，態(tài)度并非中立，排除［C］；全文都是在解釋石油生

產(chǎn)量將下滑這一現(xiàn)象，分析原因，結(jié)尾處沒有任何語句表明其產(chǎn)量將提高，表露樂

觀態(tài)度，ID］無根據(jù)，排除。

ObamaDeclaresNewAutocarTailGasEmissionsandEconomyEnergyStandardAshe

stoodintherosegardenonMay19withstategovernorsandautoexecutives,Obama

announcedtoughnewnationalstandardsforautomobileemissionsandfuelefficiency

thatessentiallysettledalong-runningbattlebetweenenvironmentalistsandtheear

industryinfavorofthegreens.Undertheproposedrules,whichwouldbegintotake

effectin2012,newcarsandtruckswillneedtohaveanaveragefuelefficiencyof35.5

m.p.g.(6.6L/100km)by2016—almost40%cleanerthantheyarctoday.The

regulationswouldbethefirstnationallimitonU.S.greenhouse-gasemissionsandcould

presagefurtheractiontocurbclimatechange.Foryears,U.S.automakershavefought

tougherregulationsbyarguingthatAmericanstendtopreferlarger,gas-guzzlingSUVs

andtrucks.That'snotalwaystrue:whengaspriceswerealanall-timehighlastsummer,

salesofSUVsweredownconsiderably,whilehybridsflewoffdealerlots.Sincethen,

pricesatthepumphavedropped—andsohastheappetiteforsmallcars.Aslongasthe

priceofgasremainsfluctuating,it'sfarfromcertainthatAmericanswillbuythemore

efficientcarsandtrucksthenewstandardswillrequireautomakerstoproduce.Inthe

longrun,though,agastaxthatputsaflooronfuelpricesmaybetheonlywaytobreak

America'sSUVaddiction.ButObamahassaidhe'snotinterested."Youneedaprice

signal.Regulationsalonewon'tdoit,"saysLesterLave,directoroftheCarnegieMellon

GreenDesignInitiative.EvenmoreimportantistheongoingdebateinCongressover

carboncap-and-tradelegislation.DemocraticRepresentativesHenryWaxmanand

EdwardMarkeyhavehammeredoutabillthatwouldreduceU.S.carbonemissionsto

17%below2005levelsby2020.ItfacesanuphillbattleinCongress,opposedbynearly

allRepublicansandmanyDemocratsfromcoal-dependentstates.Pushingitthroughwill

requireanactofpoliticalwill,butwhileObamahaspraisedthecontroversialbill,some

environmentalistscomplaintheWhiteHousehasdonetoolittlebehindthescenesto

defendit."TheworldwashopefulthatObamawouldcareaboutglobalwarming,buthe

hasbeencompletelymissinginactiononthis,"saysPhilRadford,executivedirectorof

GreenpeaceU.S.A.Radfordisnotbeingentirelyfair:Obainahasincreasedalternative-

energyfundingtorecordlevelsandassembledagreenteamofadvisers.Theyincludehis

EnergySecretary,theNobelPrize-winningStevenChu,whotoldmerecentlythat"the

climatc-changcproblemisatleastequalinmagnitude"toWorldWarII.Hc*sright.And

ifObainawantstowinthiswar,he'sgoingtohavetofight,notjustmakepeace.

11、Whatistrueaboutthenewnationalstandardsofautoemissionandfuelefficiency?

A^Carsandtruckswillbe40%cleanerby2012thantheyaretoday.

B、Thenewstandardswillbeputintopracticeintheyear2016.

C^ItwasthefirsttimethattheU.S.setlimitongreenhousegasemission.

D^Thestandardsweremeanttopushautoindustrytogrowhealthily.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的newnationalstandardsofautoemissionand

fuelefficiency定位到第一段。本段最后一句指出：這些規(guī)定是第一次對美國溫室

氣體排放做出限制，這些規(guī)定指的就是奧巴馬總統(tǒng)宣布實(shí)施的新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的規(guī)定，故

［C］正確。本段第二句提到，這項(xiàng)規(guī)定會在2012年付諸實(shí)施，在新規(guī)定下到2016

年新生產(chǎn)的轎車和卡車將比現(xiàn)在節(jié)能40%,［A］和［B］把這句中陳述的事實(shí)混在了一

起，都不符合原文，故排除；第一句對這項(xiàng)新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的評價(jià)是：setUedalong—

runningbattlebetweenenvironmentalistsandthecarindustryinfavorofthegreens,可

見新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的實(shí)施是朝著有利于環(huán)保的方向進(jìn)行的，而不是要照顧汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，

故排除［D］。

12、WhatisthemostimportantfactorpushingAmericanstobuyfuel-efficientautos

accordingtothepassage?

A、Steadilyhighgasprices.

B>Attractivepricesoftheseautos.

C>Government'sencouragingpolicy.

D^Theregulationoncaremission.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。文章第二段討論了美國人對節(jié)能型轎車的態(tài)度。其中第

二、三句提到：去年夏天汽油價(jià)格達(dá)到歷史高點(diǎn)的時(shí)候越野車的銷售大幅下滑，而

混合動力車的銷售卻異?；鸨?；但之后隨著原油價(jià)格的下滑，人們對小型轎車的熱

衷程度也隨之冷卻。第四句緊接著說：只要汽油價(jià)格不斷浮動，就很難斷定美國人

會購買新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求下汽車制造商們生產(chǎn)的新的節(jié)能車。由此可以推斷，能夠促使美

國人購買節(jié)能車的最重要因素是汽油價(jià)格持續(xù)高位，故［A］正確。［B］、［0在文中

沒有依據(jù)，而［D］中的regulation只是對汽車企業(yè)的規(guī)定，而不是針對購車人的規(guī)

定，故排除。

13、WhatisAmericans'appetitetodayfbrautosaccordingtothepassage?

Hybridshavecomeintofashioninsomeplaces.

B、Theydon'tshareanycommonappetitefbrautos.

C、Newfuel-efficientautoswillbegreatattractiontothem.

D、Theystilllovegas-consumingSUVsandtrucks.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由題干中的Americans，appetiteforautos定位到第二

段。該段提到：汽車廠商一直把美國人對大排量越野車和卡車的偏愛作為反對實(shí)施

更為嚴(yán)格的排放和節(jié)能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理由，而且后面提到去年夏天汽油價(jià)格達(dá)到歷史高點(diǎn)

的時(shí)候曾一度使越野車的銷售大幅下滑，而混合動力車的銷售一路走高，但是之后

隨著原油價(jià)格的下降，人們對小型轎車的喜好迅速降溫，由此可以推斷，當(dāng)今的美

國人仍然對大排量車偏愛有加，故［D］正確。由上面的敘述可知混合動力車并不符

合美國人的胃口，故排除［A］；文中提到，美國人普遍喜歡大排量車，故［B］不正

確；第四句說：只要汽油價(jià)格不斷浮動，就很難斷定美國人會購買新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求下汽

車企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的新的節(jié)能車，由此可知［C］不正確。

14、Whatdoweknowaboutthecarboncap-and-tradelegislationaccordingtothe

passage?

A、Democraticrepresentativesarcallfbrit.

B、IthasnotbeenpassedyetbytheCongress.

C、Obamaisneutralinthedebateoverit.

D^ItwouldreduceU.S.carbonemissionsby17%.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由題干中的thecarboncap-and-tradelegislation定位到第

三段。該段第三句說：該項(xiàng)提案在國會中面臨著非常艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗，幾乎所有的共和

黨議員和一些民主黨議員都反對這一提案，由此我們可以推斷這一提案還未獲得通

過，故［B］正確，由此也可以排除［A］,因?yàn)椴⒉皇撬械拿裰鼽h議員都支持這一提

案。該段第四句中提到：Obamahaspraisedthecontroversialbill,說明奧巴馬總統(tǒng)

是支持這一法案的,故排除［C］；第二句提到這項(xiàng)法案wouldreduceU.S.carbon

emissionsto17%below2(X)5levelsby2020,這里的17%是指與2005年相比降低

17%,因此［D］不準(zhǔn)確,故排除。

15、Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'sviewonPresidentObama?

A、Heistryingtokeephispromisetocopewithglobalwarming.

B、Heisnotdoinganythingtosolveclimatechangeproblem.

C、Heisnotcapableofsolvingtheglobalwarmingproblem.

D、Heisnottakingtherightsteptocopewithglobalwarming.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第二段結(jié)尾指出，有人指責(zé)奧巴馬總統(tǒng)沒有采取任

何行動來解決全球變暖問題，緊接著在第四段開頭作者指出：這種說法對奧巴馬來

說并不完全公平，并且列舉了奧巴馬為了應(yīng)對氣候變化已經(jīng)做出的努力，由此我們

可以推斷，作者認(rèn)為奧巴馬總統(tǒng)還是在嘗試解決全球變暖問題，因此正確答案為

IA］,同時(shí)排除［B］；作者并沒有對奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的能力作評價(jià)。故排除［C］；也沒有

任何內(nèi)容暗示奧巴馬總統(tǒng)所采取的措施是不正確的，故排除［D］。

TheDeclineofU.S.ImmigrationApplicationImmigrantsaren'tseekingU.S.citizenship

asoftenthesedays-notsincetheAmeri-candreambecamemoreexpensive.Following

a69percentincreaselastsummerincitizenshipfees,about281,000immigrantshave

appliedtobecomeU.S.citizensinthefirsthalfof2008—lessthanhalfthenumberof

applicantsinthesameperiodlastyear,accordingtotheU.S.CitizenshipandImmigration

Services.Thedeclinefollowsarushofapplicationswhenimmigrantshurriedtogetiheir

paperworkfiledbeforefeesshotupattheendofJuly2007.Inthatmonthalone,more

than460,00immigrantsappliedforcitizenship.TheypaidS400.Thenewfeeis$675-a

pricesomepeoplebelieveisabarriertocitizenship.ThuTran,directorofacitizenship

programatCatholicCharitiesofOrangeCounty,saidshehelpedmorethan100peoplea

monthfilloutcitizenshippapersinthelastfewyears.Thisyearshehelpsabout50a

month."Ihavepeoplewhomakeappointmentsandcancel,"Transaid."Wefollowup

andtheysaytheydon'thavethemoneytoforthat.1*Whileimmigrantadvocatesblame

higherandawobblyeconomy,afederalofficialsaidavarietyofreasonscouldhave

causedthedecline."Foreveryone,it'sdifferent,nsaidSharonRummery,aspokeswoman

forU.S.CitizenshipandimmigrationServices.Theagencyhasnothadsofewapplicants

toopenayearsince2003,whennearly270,000peopleappliedforU.S.citizenship.

FlaviaJimenez,directorofthecitizenshipprogramattheIllinoisCoalitionforImmigrant

andRefugeeRights,saidsomeimmigrantsinChicagoaretakingoutloanstopaythefees

ordesignating,onefamilymemberwhogetstoapplyfbrcitizenship.HelenRavasdy,a

30-year-oldwhoimmigratedtoSouthernCaliforniafromChina,said,shewishedshe

couldhaveappliedwhenitwascheaperbutshehadn'tlivedintheU.S.longenough.She

snowapplyingbecauseshewantstovote."Ihavetodoitnow-notlater,"saidRavasdy,

whoistakingclassesatacommunitycollegeinOrangetoprepareforher,citizenship

test.HcrminiaKindclan,aprogramspecialistatacitizenshipprogramatSantaAna

College,saidsheisworriedthatapplicationscoulddeclinefurther.Shesaidmore

immigrantsmightbediscouragedaboutupcomingrevisionstotheU.S.citizentest,

whichtheymustpassbeforebecomingcitizens.Thechanges,whichaimtogauge

immigrants'understandingofconceptsinU.S.citizenandavoidrotememorization,take

effectforapplicationsreceivedafterSept.30.

16、Accordingtothefederalofficial,thedeclineofapplicationforcitizenshipwas

causedby.

A、theincreaseofcitizenshipfee

B、unstableeconomy

C、variousreasons

D^theupcomingrevisionstotheU.S.citizentest

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問美國官方認(rèn)為日前申請人數(shù)下降的原囚。根據(jù)笫

四段可知，［A］和［B］是移民倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為引起申請人數(shù)下降的原因，根據(jù)文中a

federalofficialsaidavarietyofreasonscouldhavecausedthedecline可知，官方認(rèn)為

存在很多原因，故［C］為正確選項(xiàng)：而［D］出現(xiàn)在最后一段，對于公民考試的修訂目

前還未付諸實(shí)踐，它并不是它方給出的引起目前人數(shù)下滑的原因，故排除。

17、HelenRavasdy.

A、immigratedtoSouthernCaliforniawhenshewas30yearsold

B、wouldhaveappliedifitwerecheaper

Cxisworriedthatthefeewillincreasemore

D、ispreparingforhercitizenshiptest

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的HelenRavasdy定位至倒數(shù)第二段。［A］是

錯(cuò)誤的，文中a30year-oldwhoimmigratedtoSouthernCaliforniafromChina指的

是HelenRavasdy目前30歲，是從中國移居至南加利福尼亞的移民，并不是指其移

居之時(shí)30歲；HelenRavasdy之前沒有申請是因?yàn)榫幼∧晗薏粔?，不是因?yàn)橘M(fèi)用問

題，故［B］錯(cuò)誤；［C］文章并未提及，可以排除；而［D］可以在該段最后找到，Helen

Ravasdy正在社區(qū)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行公民考試，故選［D］。

18、AccordingtoHerminiaKindeian,thenewcitizentest.

A、istoodifficultforimmigrants

B、isnotdifficultenough

C、shouldbecancelled

D^mayleadtoafurtherdeclineoftheapplication

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干ihenewcitizentest可以迅速定位至最后一

段。HerminiaKindclan擔(dān)心申請人數(shù)會進(jìn)一步下降因?yàn)槊绹窨荚嚰磳⑿抻?，?/p>

此可知［D］為正確答案。［A］、［B］、［C］都未在文章中得到體現(xiàn)。

19、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A^Ifyoupayenoughfee,youcanbecomeaU.S.citizen.

B、OnlyonemembercanapplyforU.S.citizenshipinonefamily.

C、ItispossibleforonetovotewithouttheU.S.citizenship.

D、TherevisionstotheU.S.citizenlestmaycausefurtherdeclineofapplicationfor

citizenship.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。本題需要綜合全文對各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的準(zhǔn)確性進(jìn)行判斷。成為

美國公民的要求很多，例如文中提到的居住年限和公民考試等等，支付足夠的費(fèi)用

只是其中之一，故［A］不正確；文中并未提到對家庭成員申請人數(shù)的限制，文中之

意為“由于較高的申請費(fèi)用，使得一個(gè)家庭只能承受一位家庭成員的申請”，故［B］

錯(cuò)誤；倒數(shù)第二段提到HelenRavasdy為了能夠投票而提出申請，可見如果不是美

國公民則無法享有投票權(quán)，排除［0；根據(jù)最后一段赫爾邁厄尼?凱德蘭的擔(dān)心，可

知正確答案為［D］。

20、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A^TheIncreasingCitizenshipFees.

B、HowtoBecomeaU.S.Citizen.

C、SteepDropinCitizenshipFilings.

D^TheRevisionstotheU.S.CitizenTest.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點(diǎn)3析：主旨大意題。本文主要說明申請成為美國公民的移民人數(shù)出現(xiàn)了大幅

下降的現(xiàn)象，并簡要分析了出現(xiàn)該現(xiàn)象的種種原因，可知［C］正確。［A］和［D］都只

分別說明了導(dǎo)致人數(shù)下降的某個(gè)原因，而【B|和文章主旨并無關(guān)聯(lián)，均可排除。

CreditCardTheftHere'sthescarythingabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscracked

lastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedoneto

preventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowly

helpdeskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccess

creditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroup

of20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgood

creditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames.Costtothevictims:$3million

andrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropin

thebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It's

oneofcrime'sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber-

whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb-isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineof

credit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthat

revenuetofraud,sothere'slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplication

processmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegood

newsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,

notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-

approved"credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturn

them,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.Shreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyour

SocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.Butthemosteffectivewayto

keepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Thereare

threemajorcredit-reportoutfits:Equifax(atequifax.com),Trans-Union(www.

transunion,com)andExperian(experian.com).Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,

whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,

IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive-layingout

statc-by-statcprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-rcadfashion.Ifyou'relucky

enoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,

youareentitledtoonefreereportayearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14

eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;

that's$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthinkyou'reavictimofidentity

theft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-report

companies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportformatwww.consumer,gov/idtheft,

which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.

Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%

ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.

21、Whatisthetrendofcredit-theftcrime?

A、Tightlysuppressed.

B、Morefrightening.

C^Rapidlyincreasing.

D、Looselycontrolled.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點(diǎn)》析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段開頭提到“迄今為止最大的個(gè)人信息盜竊案的告

破僅僅是冰山一角”，接下來談到信用卡盜竊案是“發(fā)展最快的犯罪市場之一”，由

此我們可做出正確的選擇。

22、Theexpression"insidejob"(Line5,Para.1)mostprobablymeans.

A、acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictim

B、acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverely

C>acrimethatdocsgreatharmtothevictim

D、acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：分析語義題。原文對應(yīng)信息是“Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTclcdata

Communications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,

allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat560

apop.”這句宿對"insidejob”做出了解釋。

23、ThecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthefollowingwayEXCEPT.

A、destroyingyourjunkmail

B、leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathome

CNvisitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularly

D、obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。選項(xiàng)［D］是某些債權(quán)人應(yīng)享有的權(quán)利，而不是一種防范

措施。

24、Whyisiteasytohavecredit-theft?

Morepeoplearcusingcreditservice.

B>Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.

C、Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity.

D^Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段第三句提到申請信貸限額只需姓名、地址和社會

保險(xiǎn)號，接著乂說信貸公司不會為損失只占年利潤（13,000億）2%的信用卡盜竊案

而把申請過程做得更安全一些。由此可知［B］正確。

25、Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A、Ihcdangerofcrcdit-thctt.

B、Thelossofthecreditors.

C^Howtoprotectyourgoodname.

D、Whythecreditorslosetheiridentity.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點(diǎn)露析：主旨大意題。文章用大部分篇幅（第三段至第五段）介紹了如何進(jìn)行一

些防范措施，所以選［C］。

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions1—5,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereare

twoextrachoiceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.GregoryCurrie,aprofessorof

philosophyattheUniversityofNottingham,recentlyarguedthatweoughtnottoclaim

thatliteratureimprovesusaspeople,becausethereisno"compellingevidencethat

suggeststhatpeoplearemorallyorsociallybetterforreadingTolstoy"orothergreat

books.Actually,thereissuchevidence.RaymondMar.apsychologi