[21]。第三章結(jié)論與展望網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)與分子對(duì)接技術(shù)的協(xié)同應(yīng)用已成為現(xiàn)代藥物機(jī)制研究的常用手段，兩者結(jié)合可以展現(xiàn)出一加一大于二的效果。針對(duì)龍膽瀉肝散調(diào)控魚(yú)類脂肪肝的分子機(jī)制研究，未來(lái)發(fā)展方向可概括為以下兩個(gè)方面：1.網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)的深度解析潛力隨著系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)算法的持續(xù)優(yōu)化，網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)可通過(guò)構(gòu)建更高精度的“成分-靶點(diǎn)-通路”多維互作網(wǎng)絡(luò)，系統(tǒng)揭示該方劑調(diào)控脂質(zhì)代謝、炎癥反應(yīng)等多重生物學(xué)過(guò)程的協(xié)同機(jī)制，為傳統(tǒng)方劑的現(xiàn)代化闡釋提供新范式。2.多技術(shù)融合的轉(zhuǎn)化價(jià)值網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)作為系統(tǒng)解析藥物作用機(jī)制的重要工具，通過(guò)整合靶點(diǎn)互作網(wǎng)絡(luò)、代謝通路及疾病表型數(shù)據(jù)，能夠展示藥物的特征、潛在不良反應(yīng)及藥物再定位價(jià)值。其有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景，但同樣存在挑戰(zhàn)：1.發(fā)展前景1.1精準(zhǔn)用藥開(kāi)發(fā)基于多組學(xué)整合分析（基因組-代謝組-蛋白質(zhì)組），構(gòu)建個(gè)體化藥效預(yù)測(cè)模型，推動(dòng)精準(zhǔn)用藥方案的制定。1.2老藥新用策略通過(guò)系統(tǒng)識(shí)別已上市藥物的新治療靶點(diǎn)，縮短藥物研發(fā)周期，降低研發(fā)成本約40%-60%，顯著提升成藥效率。1.3多維度評(píng)價(jià)體系建立涵蓋藥效動(dòng)力學(xué)、藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)及毒理學(xué)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型，結(jié)合多靶點(diǎn)毒性預(yù)測(cè)算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)藥物安全性早期預(yù)警。1.4智能藥物設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)用多靶點(diǎn)協(xié)同設(shè)計(jì)策略，結(jié)合代謝穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)化算法，開(kāi)發(fā)高選擇性、低脫靶效應(yīng)的新一代候選藥物。1.5耐藥機(jī)制解析通過(guò)解析耐藥信號(hào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)控節(jié)點(diǎn)，識(shí)別耐藥相關(guān)生物標(biāo)志物，指導(dǎo)耐藥逆轉(zhuǎn)療法的開(kāi)發(fā)。2.技術(shù)瓶頸與挑戰(zhàn)2.1系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜性限制生物系統(tǒng)的非線性特征導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測(cè)存在約15-20%的假陽(yáng)性率，需結(jié)合濕實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證提升可靠性。2.2技術(shù)門(mén)檻要求研究依賴生物信息學(xué)、計(jì)算化學(xué)等多學(xué)科交叉能力，需構(gòu)建復(fù)合型人才梯隊(duì)以支撐技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化。2.3臨床轉(zhuǎn)化驗(yàn)證不足現(xiàn)有研究中僅約30%的網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果經(jīng)臨床數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證，需建立“計(jì)算預(yù)測(cè)-類器官驗(yàn)證-臨床試驗(yàn)”的三級(jí)驗(yàn)證體系。第三章展望參考文獻(xiàn)GuoR,YuK,HuangK,etal.RegulatorymechanismofSarmentosinandQuercetinonlipidaccumulationinprimaryhepatocyteofGIFTtilapia(Oreochromisniloticus)withfattyliver[J].Plosone,2024,19(9):e0309976.XiaYT,ChengEHC,ZhengBZY,etal.FeedingcontainingtheaerialpartofScutellariabaicalensispromotesthegrowthandnutritivevalueofrabbitfishSiganusfuscescens[J].FoodScience&Nutrition,2021,9(9):4827-4838.LiM,ZhaoX,XieJ,etal.Dietaryinclusionofseabuckthorn(Hippophaerhamnoides)mitigatesfoodborneenteritisinzebrafishthroughthegut-liverimmuneaxis[J].FrontiersinPhysiology,2022,13:831226.JiaX,YuH,DuB,etal.IncorporatingLyciumbarbarumresidueindietboostssurvival,growth,andliverhealthinjuvenilegrasscarp(Ctenopharyngodonidellus)[J].Fish&ShellfishImmunology,2024,149:109573.WuD,LiJ,FanZ,etal.Dietarylyciumbarbarumpolysaccharidemodulatesgrowthperformance,antioxidantcapacity,andlipidmetabolismincommoncarp(Cyprinuscarpio)fedwithhigh-fatdiet[J].Antioxidants,2024,13(5):540.ZhangH,WangX,QuP,etal.Herbsmixtureimprovesgrowthperformance,intestineandliverhistology,andimmunityofjuvenilelargeyellowcroaker(Larimichthyscrocea)[J].AquacultureReports,2024,36:102136.QiuJ,YouL,LvZ,etal.InfluenceofHerbaHouttuyniaeaddedtofodderonthemorphologicalstructureoftheintestinaltract,thedigestiveenzymes,theintestinalflora,andimmunefunctionofkoicarp(Cyprinuscarpio)infectedwithAeromonasveronii[J].FishPhysiologyandBiochemistry,2024,50(4):1495-1512.SunD,YeB,WangS,etal.Effectsofdietarysupplementationofdifferentratiosofkoumineandgelseminontheliverimmunityofcommoncarp(Cyprinuscarpio,FFRC)[J].Aquaculture,2024,585:740718.XuX,SunW,YinS,etal.ImprovementeffectsandmechanismofcompoundChineseherbalmedicineonfattyliverinlargemouthbassMicropterussalmoides[J].Aquaculture,2025,598:742075.AhmadifarE,PourmohammadiFallahH,YousefiM,etal.Thegeneregulatoryrolesofherbalextractsonthegrowth,immunesystem,andreproductionoffish[J].Animals,2021,11(8):2167.ZhangY,ChenP,LiangXF,etal.MetabolicdisorderinducesfattyliverinJapaneseseabass,LateolabraxjaponicasfedafullplantproteindietandregulatedbycAMP-JNK/NF-kB-caspasesignalpathway[J].Fish&ShellfishImmunology,2019,90:223-234.王建國(guó),付春雨,吳峰等.龍膽瀉肝散的臨床應(yīng)用[J].中國(guó)獸醫(yī)雜志,2008,44(12):84-85.網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)專題導(dǎo)讀[J].山西大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版),2025,48(02):198.龔棋棋,劉雪菲,蔣紅.網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)在藥物有效成分和疾病靶點(diǎn)篩選中的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)臨床藥學(xué)雜志,2024,33(03):237-240.周文霞.網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)的研究進(jìn)展和發(fā)展前景[J].中國(guó)藥理學(xué)與毒理學(xué)雜志,2015,29(05):760-762.TROTTO,OLSONAJ.AutoDockVina:Improvingthespeedandaccuracyofdockingwithanewscoringfunction,efficientoptimization,andmultithreading[J].JournalofComputationalChemistry,2010,31(2):455-461.KITSAKM,HAVLINS,PAULG,etal.Betweennesscentralityinlargecomplexnetworks[J].PhysicalReviewE,2007,76(3):036-106.張華,董曉慧,麥康森.龍膽瀉肝散對(duì)高脂飼料誘導(dǎo)大黃魚(yú)脂肪肝的改善作用及機(jī)制[J].水生生物學(xué)報(bào),2021,45(3):521-530.ZHANGY,LIUR,LIUY,etal.GentiopicrosideattenuatesliverfibrosisbysuppressingTLR4/NF-κB-mediatedinflammationandactivatingNrf2antioxidantpathwaysinamurinemodel[J].Phytomedicine,2020,68:153-179.LIS,TANHY,WANGN,etal.Baicaleininhibitshepaticstellatecellactivationand