閱讀理解?.詞義猜測(cè)專項(xiàng)

高考真題

第一組

1.2025年新高考全國(guó)I卷B篇

Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheir

choice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,a

personal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthe

specificationsofitsgenre（體裁）andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestawcii】iR.Thestudentstook

ondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,1（）to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenednyviewand

touchedmyheart.

26Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?

A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.

2.2024年新高考全國(guó)I卷C篇

Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoand

viewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswersto

bo:hquestionsareoften"no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,an

entertainmentmindset（，心態(tài)）andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'son

paperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreading

particularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemain

ideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemunlikelytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.

3.2023年新高考全國(guó)I卷C篇

Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,startingwithanexaminationof（heforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallives

increasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigital

declutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendof

thethirtydays,youwillthenaddhackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelieve

willprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.

29Whatdoestheunderlinedword"declutter”inparagraph3mean?

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.

4.2022年新高考全國(guó)I卷C篇

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarcbeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthem

feelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderly

people'swellbeing

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:

“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearclookingfbnvardtothe

benefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.^^

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon“meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

5.2021年新高考全國(guó)I卷C篇

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewith

anastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.

Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepart

oftheseresources.Millionsofwalerfowl（水禽）werekilledat（hehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulof

overlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-incieasing

populations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimale”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

6.2020年高考山東卷C篇

Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,

physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedto

UzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:Lost

AmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,

wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"inparagraph2referto?

A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

7.2020年高考山東卷D篇

Accordingtoarecentstudyin（heJournalofConsumerResearch,both（hesizeandconsumptionhabits

ofoureatingcompanionscaninOuenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyou

shouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）,it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetites

youreallyneedtoavoid.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto?

A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.

8.2020年高考全國(guó)I卷B篇

WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothe

meaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadingan

author'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtheras

timepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyour

friends.

26Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency''inparagraph4referto?

A.Debt.B.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.

9.2019年高考全國(guó)I卷B篇

ForCanaanElementary'ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowil'sChris

Palaez'sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwho

wouldenjoypublicspeaking.

Buthe's,nervous.'Tmheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonlhe“-ld,"a.

pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,

whisperingsupport.”...Vbtcfbr...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhe

bringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestofiheclasstopraisehim.

25Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles“inparagraph2referto?

A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.

10,2018年高考全國(guó)I卷C篇

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoo

becamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbetter

communicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchasEnglish.SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

29Whichofthefollowingbestexplainst4dominant^^underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modem.

11.2025年高考浙江卷C篇

Anoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referredtoasmatrix

planting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeof

thedesigning.Eschewingfertilizers（化月E）andpowertools,it'sbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:to

gardenmorelikenaturedoes.

28Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Eschewing“inthefirstparagraphmean?

A.Runningoutof.B.Keepingawayfrom.

C.Puttingupwith.D.Takingadvantageof.

12.2024年高考浙江卷B篇

Whenwasthelastlimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall—nottoshelter

fromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas...2006.Iwas

conductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssome

talentedactors（ocomeandworkformefbrnothing,Ispreadsemethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlesto

makeitseemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

allkindsofpredators（食肉動(dòng)物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorable

littlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgo

alongwithit!

26Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch“inparagraph3?

A.Performappropriately.B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely.D.Dobetter.

4.2023年新高考全國(guó)II卷C篇

ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject.Inthis“bookofbooksJartworks

areselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.We

seescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthe

generations.Adultsareportrayed（描繪）aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepin

thoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,hutthey

recordmomentswecanallrelateto.

30Whatdotheunderlinedwords"relateto“inparagraph2mean?

A.Understand.B.Paint.C.Seize.D.Transform.

5.2023年高考全國(guó)甲卷B篇

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY（do-it-yourself）.Skilledatputtingupshelvesand

piecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist.D.Apioneer.

6.2022年新高考全國(guó)II卷C篇

Totrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbackto

anoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracieddrivinglikedrunkdriving.

AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.It

wouldworklikethis:Anofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversanduse

theTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhethera

driverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-frccdriving

laws.

"Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,“saidFelixW.Ortiz,whopushed

forthestate's2001hanonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearc

goingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."

30Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Advice.B.Data.C.Tests.D.Laws.

7.2022年新高考全國(guó)H卷B篇

Wcjournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeople

don'tevenrealizeit'snew.Forthem,il'sjustnormal.

Thishithemeformeas1wassittingwithmy2-year-cldgrandsiononasofaovertheSpringFestival

holiday.Ihadbroughtachildren'sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures——aperfectmatch

forhisage.

Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,

hereachesoutandpokes（戳）thepagewithhisfinger.

What'supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepoked

thepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwith（hiskid?

ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamused

theboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.

Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.

24Whatdotheunderlinedwords"hithomeformc^^meaninparagraph2?

A.Providedshelterforme.B.Becameverycleartome.

C.lookthepressureoffme.D.Workedquitewellonme.

8.2022年高考全國(guó)乙卷C篇

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythe

samethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionof

railwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,

reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemore

efficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.Itis

calculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,

includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbe

dangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassisting（hecrews*effort

29Whatdoes"maintenance"underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

9.2022年高考全國(guó)甲卷C篇

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer（職業(yè)）as

aprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfrom

dancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.

28Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

10.2021年新高考全國(guó)II卷B篇

Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewere

asleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwiseIhey'dUDtomischief.We'dcomedowninthe

morningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.

25Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief“meaninparagraph3?

A.Behavebadly.B.Losetheirway.C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheir

mom.

11.2021年高考全國(guó)乙卷B篇

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter129%）rely

onlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,a

thirdconcedethatit'snolreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket-19percentsaythey

neveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothat

category.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.

12,2021年高考全國(guó)甲卷C篇

Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safe

meantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫

桿）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.

Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:uSafe!Safe!

Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

29Whatdotheunderlinedwordst4Safe!Safe!Safe!5'probablymean?

A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don'tworry!

13,2020年高考全國(guó)H卷C篇

Nutria（海貍鼠）werebroughttherefromArgentinabyfiirfarmersandletgointothewild."The

ecosystemdowntherecan，lhandlethisnon-nativespecies（物種）.It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.them

orus."saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.

Thefurtradekeptnutriacheckfordecades,hutwhenthemarketfornutriacollaDsedinthelate1980s?

thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.

3（）.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coHapsecTinparagraph5probablymean?

A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.

14.2020年高考全國(guó)II卷D篇

MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadrcamjobandIdid

everythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstotytime.

AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.

Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource（來(lái)源）ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforusto

loadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheyv/antedmeto

readtothem.

33Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseuanaddedmeaning''inparagraph3referto?

A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.

C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.

15.2019年高考全國(guó)II卷B篇

"Youcanusemeasalastresort（選擇）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit."Thiswasan

actualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse（長(zhǎng)曲棍球）club.

Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppingupto

helpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.

Imentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowand1talkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathis

kidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,"Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.”

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tugattheheartstrings"inparagraph2mean?

A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provide

advice.

16.2019年高考全國(guó)II卷A篇

MyFavouriteBooks

JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries（系列）oflifestyle

books.Hereshepickshertop