專題02簡單句,并列句和主從復(fù)合句(期中復(fù)習(xí)講義)年份卷別考點(diǎn)考情分析2025北京卷名詞性從句;定語從句【考向透視】分析近年高考真題可知，高考對句子種類考查全面。在聽力中對句子功用考查居多。在閱讀理解、七選五和完形填空中，熟練掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)和種類是迅速讀懂文章的基本保證。長難句中對并列句和復(fù)合句的綜合考查也呈上升趨勢。語法填空中對并列句和復(fù)合句的考查幾乎每年都會涉及到。寫作中讀懂原文，熟練寫出符合邏輯且結(jié)構(gòu)正確的句子也是得得分的必備保障?！緩?fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.掌握句子成分、句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和類型。2.熟練運(yùn)用表示不同邏輯關(guān)系的并列連詞。3.強(qiáng)化在復(fù)雜語境中理解長難句的能力。新高考I卷定語從句;and新高考II卷定語從句浙江卷定語從句2024新高考II卷and;定語從句新高考I卷名詞性從句浙江卷名詞性從句；定語從句全國甲卷定語從句2023新高考I卷or新高考II卷and;名詞性從句浙江卷名詞性從句全國乙卷and;but;定語從句句子成分句子成分知識點(diǎn)01簡單句(simplesentence)只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語動詞(或并列謂語)的句子稱為簡單句。Iamagoodstudent.我是一個好學(xué)生。Heusuallyreadsthebookloudlyontheplayground.他常常在操場上大聲讀書。TomandMikeareAmericanboys.湯姆和邁克是美國男孩。知識點(diǎn)02并列句(poundsentence)由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句并列連接起來的句子稱為并列句。并列句中的各個簡單句彼此獨(dú)立,互不依從,但它們表達(dá)的意思之間有一定的關(guān)系。并列句中的各個簡單句通常用并列連詞連接起來。并列連詞之前可用逗號,也可不用逗號(但however、therefore、otherwise等并列連詞前后都常有逗號)。1.結(jié)構(gòu):簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句Shelikesbreadandmilk,butshedoesn’tlikeeggsatall.她喜歡面包和牛奶,但她一點(diǎn)兒也不喜歡雞蛋。Thisisourfirstlesson,soIdon’tknowallyournames.這是我們的第一堂課,因此我不知道大家的名字。2.分類并列and、notonly...butalso、neither...nor轉(zhuǎn)折/對比but、yet、still、however、while因果for選擇or、orelse、otherwise、either...orHerunclegaveheranewbikeasherbirthdaypresentandshelikeditverymuch.她叔叔給了她一輛新自行車作為她的生日禮物,她非常喜歡。(并列)Throughtheexhibition,notonlycanyouadmirewonderfulpictures,butalsoyoucanunderstandtheartoftraditionalChinesepaintingbetter.通過展覽,您不僅可以欣賞到精彩的圖畫,還能更好地了解中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫藝術(shù)。(并列)Heisinpoorhealthbuthestillkeepsworking.他身體不好,但仍繼續(xù)工作。(轉(zhuǎn)折)TheworkerhuntedforjobsinNewYorkformonths,yethecouldn’tfindanywork.這個工人在紐約找工作已有數(shù)月之久,但是仍然沒有找到任何工作。(轉(zhuǎn)折)Theymustbetakenawayfromtheheatofthefire,ortheymightgetburnt.必須把它們從爐火邊拿走,不然就有可能烤糊。(選擇)Theyhadoftenheardofelephants,buttheyhadneverseenone,forbeingblind,howcouldthey?他們常常聽說大象,但從來沒看到過,因為他們是盲人,怎么能看到呢?(原因)Heworkeddayandnight,therefore,hewasabletobuythesportscar.他夜以繼日地工作,所以他有能力買那輛跑車。(結(jié)果)知識點(diǎn)03主從復(fù)合句(plexsentence)1.定義主從復(fù)合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成。主句是全句的主體,通?？梢元?dú)立存在;從句則只用作句子的一個成分,不能獨(dú)立。2.分類(1)定語從句定語從句(相當(dāng)于一個形容詞，用來修飾一個名詞或代詞，在主句中作定語)定語從句的類型功能例句限制性定語從句對先行詞起修飾限制作用，與先行詞之間的關(guān)系密切。DidyouseetheletterthatIsenthim?你看到我寄給他的信了嗎?非限制定語從句對先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，省略之后也不影響主句的意思，和主句常用逗號隔開。Cornisaveryusefulplant，whichcanbepreparedinmanydifferentways.玉米是一種非常有用的作物,可用許多不同的方法將其制作成食物。(2)狀語從句狀語從句(相當(dāng)于副詞，修飾謂語動詞，或整個主句。根據(jù)表達(dá)的意思分為：時間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、讓步等)狀語從句的類型常見的連詞例句時間狀語從句When,after,as,while,assoonasWhenIcamehome,mywifewascookingdinner.當(dāng)我回家時,我的妻子在做晚飯。地點(diǎn)狀語從句whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。原因狀語從句because,since,asAsshewasyoung,shewasnotequaltothetask.她因為年輕，勝任不了這項任務(wù)。目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat…I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.我說的慢一些，以便于你能理解我。結(jié)果狀語從句so/such…that…Heissotallamanthathecanalmostreachthebranch.他個子高幾乎夠得著那個樹枝。條件狀語從句If,aslongasIfthereisanydoubt,Iwillask.如果有任何疑問，我就會問。讓步狀語從句Although,though,evenif/though,whateverIhadaverygoodtimethoughIdidn’tknowanybodyattheparty.盡管在這次聚會上不認(rèn)識誰，但是我玩的很開心。方式狀語從句as,asif/thoughPleasedoitasItoldyou.請按照我告訴你的去做。比較狀語從句as…as…,thanShedancesasgracefullyashersisterdoes.她的舞姿同她的妹妹一樣優(yōu)雅。(3)名詞性從句名詞性從句(即主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)和定語從句、狀語從句，它們在主句中分別作主語、賓語、表語、同位語、定語、狀語。Whetherthefootballgamewillbeplayeddependsontheweather.足球比賽是否舉行視天氣而定。Thechiefeditordecideswhichwillbethemostimportantstoryonthefrontpage.由主編決定哪篇報導(dǎo)最重要,應(yīng)安排在頭版。(賓語從句)Thatiswherehewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。(表語從句)Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我們聽到了我們球隊已經(jīng)獲勝的消息。(同位語從句)【即時檢測】判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句1.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.__________2.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?__________3.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.__________4.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.__________5.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.

__________6.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?__________7.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.__________8.Havingneveroperatedaputer,MrJohnsonmetwithalotofdifficultiesatfirst.__________9.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.__________10.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandebackhomeatsevenintheevening.__________易｜錯｜點(diǎn)｜撥1.注意“and”和“or”構(gòu)成的特殊句式：(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句(常用將來時)Studyhard，andyouaresuretohaveagoodresultintheexam.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你一定能在考試中取得好成績。(2)祈使句＋or＋陳述句(常用將來時)Bequick，orwe’llbelateforclass.快點(diǎn)，否則我們上課就要遲到了。2.在狀語從句中，although和but不能連用，so和because不能連用?；A(chǔ)通關(guān)(測試時間：10分鐘)一、單項選擇1.Loseonehourinthemorningandyouwillbelookingforitfortherestoftheday.__________A.簡單句 B.并列復(fù)合句 C.主從復(fù)合句2.Sheheardtheexcitingnews.__________A.簡單句 B.并列復(fù)合句 C.主從復(fù)合句3.選出下列句子中與其它句子不是一種類型的簡單句__________A.Janelovesreading. B.Hehasatoothache.C.Shewantstotravelabroad. D.LucyisaprettyAmericangirl.4.Theylayintheclifftopgrasswiththeseastretchingoutfarbelow.此句為__________.A.簡單句 B.并列句 C.復(fù)合句 D.倒裝句5.“Speakmore,andyouwillimproveyourspokenEnglish.”Thetypeofthesentenceis__________.A.簡單句 B.復(fù)合句 C.并列句 D.感嘆句6.ThefarmwhichIvisitedlastyearisaniceplace.__________A.簡單句 B.并列復(fù)合句 C.主從復(fù)合句7.選出下列主謂賓的簡單句__________A.Autumnhase. B.Thecargoesreallyfast.C.Lisahadawonderfultrip. D.HetaughtherhowtospeakFrench.8.選出下列句子中的簡單句__________A.Hewalkshisdogeveryday.B.Doyourbestandyouwillmakeit.C.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,trythisapp.D.Hewentabroadbecausehewantedtofurtherhisstudy.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?__________A.Advocatesofkeepinghandwritingskillsaspartofacurriculumpointtoalotofevidencetosupporttheirstand.(復(fù)合句)B.Charlottefoundherselfoperatingondamagedlimbsandsettingbrokenbones,inadditiontodeliveringallthebabiesinthearca.(并列句)C.Itmakesonethinkaboutwhygenerosityissopowerfulinthefirstplace.(復(fù)合句)D.Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,whilebadonesbringtheopposite.(簡單句)重難突破(測試時間：10分鐘)一.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.原句：Amongthenumerousscientists,TuYouyoustandsoutasmygreatestinspiration.拓展句：________________________________________________________________________________2.原句：Besides,thereisnoblackboardintheclassrooms.拓展句：________________________________________________________________________________3.Itisreportedthatanothernewairportwillbebuiltinthecity.(改寫為簡單句或其他句式)________________________________________________________________________________4.Thetreethatstandsneartheriverisverytall.(把定語從句改寫成簡單句)________________________________________________________________________________5.Theboywhoseparentsarebothteachersstudiesveryhard.(把定語從句改寫成簡單句)________________________________________________________________________________6.ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedforthreeyears.(把定語從句改寫成簡單句)________________________________________________________________________________7.Whetherwecanfinishthetaskontimedependsontheweather.(改寫為簡單句或其他句式)________________________________________________________________________________8.Thefilmthatwewatchedyesterdaywasveryinteresting.(把定語從句改寫成簡單句)________________________________________________________________________________9.However,beforestartingyourtrip,youshouldplanyourtravelroutespecificallyandgetreadymanyitemslikeanumbrella.(簡單句變復(fù)合句)→________________________________________________________________________________10.IsawseveralyoungpeopleenterthegreathallafterIhadwaitedforthemforhalfanhour.(變成含有動名詞的簡單句)Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthegreathallafterhalfanhour__________.二.完成句子1.她一張口說話，淚水再次奪眶而出。______________________________asshestartedtospeak.(簡單句)2.我惱怒地說：“傷心地哭也沒用，你不能取笑我。”Isaidinanannoyedvoice,“______________________________.Youcouldn’tmakefunofme.”(簡單句)3.男人向出口沖去，驚恐地逃走了。______________________________andescapedingreatpanic.(簡單句)4.Theschoolrequeststhatstudentsshouldnotbringcellphonestoclassrooms.→Theschool______________________________cellphonestoclassrooms.(簡單句)→Theschool______________________________bringcellphonestoclassrooms.(同位語從句)→______________________________studentsshouldnotbringcellphonestoclassroomsinschool.(主語從句)5.我們保證克服困難，按時完成任務(wù)。①We____________________thedifficultyandfinishthetaskontime.(guaranteev.；簡單句)②____________________thatwewilloverethedifficultyandfinishthetaskontime.(guaranteev.；復(fù)合句)③Wegive____________________thatwewilloverethedifficultyandfinishthetaskontime.(guaranteen.)6.他繼續(xù)努力向終點(diǎn)跑去，他嘴巴干澀，雙腿顫抖。①Hestruggledtoruntowardsthefinishingline.______________________________.(簡單句)②Hestruggledtoruntowardsthefinishingline,______________________________.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))7.他忍住淚水,并試圖安慰她。______________________________andtriedtoforther.(簡單句)8.她驚訝地睜大眼睛，一時不知該說些什么。____________________,shedidn’tknowwhattosayforamoment.(分詞作狀語+簡單句)9.Charlieissoyoungthathecan’ttaketheundergroundalone.(改為簡單句)Charlieis____________________totaketheundergroundalone.10.Idon’tknowhowIcangetthestamp.(改為簡單句)Idon’tknow______________________________

thestamp.易混易錯(測試時間：10分鐘)單句語法填空1.Whetheritisright__________wrong,hisopinionshouldbepaidattentionto.2.Thelittlegirlsangverybeautifully,__________allthejudgespraisedher.3.TheexpertsaysuptillnowInnerMongolia’scontroleffectiveness__________(rank)firstamongthe13placesinvolved__________thathopefullyitwillsetanexcellentexampleforothersaroundthecountrytofollow.4.Someartworksfocusonrealisticdetails,__________otherstendtoexpressabstractideasthroughshapesandcolorsthatdon’tdirectlyrepresentrealobjects.5.Itisnecessarythatweweighthepros__________consofincludingEnglishwordsinChinesedictionaries.6.Thecarpetisdesignedtostandtoalotofwear__________tear.7.Mybadtoothwaskillingmelastnight,__________Ihadtoseeadoctoratmidnight.8.Shehasbeenworkinghardday__________night,whichofcourse,accountsforherpaleface.9.Somechoicesarequick,__________otherstakemorethought.10.Everynow__________thenheregrettedhisdecision.11.Ithasbeentenyears__________theygotmarried.12.Itwon’tbelong__________wehearthegoodnews.13.Wewon’tgiveupeven__________weshouldfail100times.14.__________youknow,hewontheelection.15.Even__________wewillcertainlyfailattimes,learningfromthemistakeswillbeinvaluable.16.Sharewithothersthethingsyoudiscover,__________it’ssomethingthatyoureadinthenewsorhearaboutinanotherconversation.17.Ididn'twakeup__________Iheardthealarmclock.18.Thepolicesetofftosearchforthelostboy__________(immediate)theygotthecall.19.Theboyburstintotears__________(immediate)hesawhismother.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)20.Whetheryou’reaprofessionalathlete__________keensportsperson,DXSportsWatchistheidealchoiceforyou.鏈接高考(測試時間：15分鐘)一、根據(jù)句意填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1.(2025浙江1月卷)Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinsteadonthefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowear________arenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobes(衣柜)orcontributingtolandfill.2.(2025全國一卷)AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,________originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.3.(2025浙江1月卷)Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecialoccasiondressestolessformalclothing,________sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalongertermrentalperiod.4.(2025北京卷)However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,touristsleftover1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,________accountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.5.(2024新課標(biāo)I卷)TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatoetodefinemuchof