高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)南市平陰縣某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）AFourBestLanguageExchangeAppsHelloTalkHelloTalkisalanguageexchangeapplicationthatallowsyoutotalkwithothersfromaroundtheworldforfree.Youcanwriteabriefsummaryaboutyourselfinyourprofile（簡(jiǎn)介）,chooseyournativelanguageandselectthelanguageandlevelthatyou’recurrentlylearning.Thenyou’reabletosearchfornativelanguagepartnersfromaroundtheworld!WhatsetsHelloTalkapartfromsimilarappsisthatnativespeakerscanedityourmessagesandcorrectyourgrammarwhileyouchattogether.LextTalkLextTalkisanapplicationthatallowsuserstoconnectwithpeoplefromaroundtheworld.Onceyourprofileiscomplete,youcanselectwhichlanguageyouspeakandwhichlanguageyou’dliketolearn.AveryconvenientfeaturethatLextTalkoffersisitsmap.UserscanuseLextTalk’smaptosearchforlanguagepartnersintheirareas,orfindapartnerinaspecificregion.DoongleLikethefeatureofLextTalkbutyouhaveanAndroidphone?Don’tworry,there’sasimilarappforallAndroiduserstoo!Doongleallowsitsuserstosharevoicemessages,photosandmore.LikeLextTalk,Doonglealsohasamapfeature.Doongleoffersaparticulargroupchatfeature,whereyoucantalkaboutEnglishgrammarorsharetipsonhowtomakeapizzawithothers.italkiWithitalki,yougettochooseyourteachersbasedonyourinterestsandgoals.Youpayperlessonbutyougetwhatyoupayfor.Youcanchoosetotakelessonsanytimeandanywheretoyourliking.Ifyoudon’tknowwhichteachertochoose,don’tworry.Allteacherswillhaveavideointroductionofthemselvesandyoucouldalsojudgebylookingthroughpreviousre—viewsfromstudents.1.What’sspecialaboutHelloTalk?A.Itisthebestapplicationtolearngrammar.B.Users’errorscanbecorrectedinthemessage.C.HelloTalkoffersqualitylessonsatalowprice.D.Userscanchooselanguagepartnersbygender.2.Whichoffersprofessionalguidancetoalanguagelearner?A.HelloTalk. B.LextTalk. C.Doongle. D.italki.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Doongledoesn’thaveamapfeature.B.HelloTalkdoesn’tofferatextchatfeature.C.LextTalkisnotsuitableforAndroidusers.D.italkidoesn’toffermuchdetailofteachers.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)語(yǔ)言交流程序?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“WhatsetsHelloTalkapartfromsimilarappsisthatnativespeakerscanedityourmessagesandcorrectyourgrammarwhileyouchattogether.”（HelloTalk與類似應(yīng)用程序的不同之處在于，說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人可以在一起聊天時(shí)編輯信息并糾正語(yǔ)法。）可知，HelloTalk的用戶可以在消息中更正用戶的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分“Withitalki,yougettochooseyourteachersbasedonyourinterestsandgoals.”（有了italki，你可以根據(jù)你的興趣和目標(biāo)來(lái)選擇你的老師。）可知，italk為語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者提供專業(yè)指導(dǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二部分“LikethefeatureofLextTalkbutyouhaveanAndroidphone?Don’tworry,there’sasimilarappforallAndroiduserstoo!”（像LextTalk的功能，但你有Android手機(jī)？別擔(dān)心，也有一個(gè)適用于所有Android用戶的類似應(yīng)用程序?。┛芍?，LextTalk不適合Android用戶。故選C項(xiàng)。BOnecoldautumnafternoon,inaforestoutsidethetinyvillageofHümmel,IwentforawalkwiththeGermanforesterPeterWohlleben.Wohllebenhadbeenmanagingtheforestforalmostthreedecades,andhehadcaredforitwithunusualgentleness.Eachtreeiscutindividuallyandremovedusinghorses,ratherthanheavymachinery,toavoiddamagingundergroundnetworksofrootsandfungithatallowtreestoexchangeresourcesandchemicalsignals.Hehascreatedadditionalincomefortheforestbyleadingtoursandteachingcourses,etc.Hehaslonginsistedthatpeoplearoundtheworldcouldandshouldmanagetheirforestslikewise.Untilafewyearsago,virtuallynoonewaslistening.Tomakehisviewsandhisknow-howwidelyknown,Wohllebenbeganwritingbooks.However,hisfirstfifteenreachedamodestaudience.Theturningpointcamein2015withhissixteenthbook,TheHiddenLifeofTrees.InspiredbythewalkingtoursliketheonethatWohllebenwasleadingmeon,heshiftedthetoneinthisbook—fromtechnicalwritingtoawarm,story-likestyle.Hesaid,“ThepeopleIguidedthroughtheforest—theywerehardtrainers.WhenItalkedinawaythatwasn’tinteresting,theywouldbegintalkingwitheachother.”Soheadoptedacheerfulandfriendlytone—likeakinduncletellingfairytales,fullofwarmthandasenseofwonder.Anditstruckachord:TheHiddenLifeofTreeshassoldmorethanamillioncopiesinGermanyalone,andmorethanthreemillionworldwide.Neartheendofourwalk,WohllebenshowedmeaC-shapedstump(樹樁).Ithadbeencutdownatleastfiftyyearsago,andyet,somehow,itwasstillalive.Thetree’sroots,manyofwhichgrewabovethesoil,werevisiblyconnectedtoanearbytree.ToWohlleben,thiswasproofoftheremarkablemutualityoftrees—thattheywillcontinuecaringfornearbytreesevenaftertheirdeath.4.WhydoesWohllebenusehorsestoremovetrees?A.Togetaroundeasily. B.Tokeeptheoldtraditionalive.C.Toreduceequipmentcosts. D.Toprotectundergroundrootsandfungi.5.WhatmakesTheHiddenLifeofTreesmorepopularthanWohlleben’searlierbooks?A.Itiswelladvertised. B.Itiseasyandfuntoread.C.Itoffersscientificknowledge. D.Itexploreshuman-naturebond.6.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlined“mutuality”?A.Adaptation. B.Growth. C.Connection. D.Lifespan.7.Whatmightbeasuitabletitle?A.TheSecretLanguageofTrees B.HowaBookChangedForestryC.AForestWalkwithWohlleben D.WohllebenandHisForestMessage【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了德國(guó)林務(wù)員Wohlleben溫和地管理著森林，其著作《樹木的隱秘生活》以故事體風(fēng)格走紅，書中傳遞樹木間相互關(guān)聯(lián)等信息，傳播其森林管理理念?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Eachtreeiscutindividuallyandremovedusinghorses,ratherthanheavymachinery,toavoiddamagingundergroundnetworksofrootsandfungithatallowtreestoexchangeresourcesandchemicalsignals.(每棵樹都是單獨(dú)進(jìn)行砍伐的，并且是用馬匹而非重型機(jī)械來(lái)移除的，這樣可以避免破壞地下由根系和菌類構(gòu)成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)使得樹木能夠進(jìn)行資源交換和化學(xué)信號(hào)傳遞)”可知，沃勒萊本用馬來(lái)移除樹木是為了保護(hù)地下根系和菌類。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tomakehisviewsandhisknow-howwidelyknown,Wohllebenbeganwritingbooks.However,hisfirstfifteenreachedamodestaudience.Theturningpointcamein2015withhissixteenthbook,TheHiddenLifeofTrees.InspiredbythewalkingtoursliketheonethatWohllebenwasleadingmeon,heshiftedthetoneinthisbook—fromtechnicalwritingtoawarm,story-likestyle.(為了讓更多人了解他的觀點(diǎn)和專業(yè)知識(shí)，沃爾勒本開(kāi)始撰寫書籍。然而，他的前十五本書的讀者數(shù)量并不多。轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在2015年，他出版了第十六本書《樹木的隱秘生活》。受到沃爾勒本帶領(lǐng)我進(jìn)行的徒步旅行活動(dòng)的啟發(fā)，他在這本書中改變了風(fēng)格——從專業(yè)的寫作風(fēng)格轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闇嘏㈩愃乒适碌娘L(fēng)格)”以及“Soheadoptedacheerfulandfriendlytone—likeakinduncletellingfairytales,fullofwarmthandasenseofwonder.(于是他便采用了歡快且親切的語(yǔ)氣——就像一位慈祥的叔叔在講童話故事那樣，充滿了溫暖和奇妙的想象)”可知，《樹的秘密生活》比沃爾勒本之前的著作更受歡迎的原因是其易于閱讀且充滿樂(lè)趣。故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Thetree’sroots,manyofwhichgrewabovethesoil,werevisiblyconnectedtoanearbytree.(這棵樹的根系中有很多部分生長(zhǎng)在土壤之上，而且明顯與附近的一棵樹相連)”可知，文中提到被砍伐的樹樁根系與附近樹木相連，這體現(xiàn)了樹木間的相互關(guān)聯(lián)，“mutuality”在此處指樹木間的這種連接關(guān)系，故劃線詞意思是“聯(lián)系”。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Wohllebenhadbeenmanagingtheforestforalmostthreedecades,andhehadcaredforitwithunusualgentleness.(沃爾勒本管理這片森林已有近三十年之久，他對(duì)待這片森林的方式極為溫和)”以及第三段“Tomakehisviewsandhisknow-howwidelyknown,Wohllebenbeganwritingbooks.However,hisfirstfifteenreachedamodestaudience.Theturningpointcamein2015withhissixteenthbook,TheHiddenLifeofTrees.(為了讓更多人了解他的觀點(diǎn)和專業(yè)知識(shí)，沃爾勒本開(kāi)始撰寫書籍。然而，他的前十五本書的讀者數(shù)量并不多。轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在2015年，他出版了第十六本書《樹木的隱秘生活》)”，結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了德國(guó)林務(wù)員Wohlleben溫和地管理著森林，其著作《樹木的隱秘生活》以故事體風(fēng)格走紅，書中傳遞樹木間相互關(guān)聯(lián)等信息，傳播其森林管理理念可知，D選項(xiàng)“沃爾勒本和他的森林信息”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CItisawell-knownfactthatplasticbottles,whichtakehundredsofyearstorot,areharmfultoourenvironment.However,effortsbyenvironmentaliststoencourageconsumerstoswitchtoalternatives,likewaterfountainsorreusablebottles,havenotbeenveryeffective.TheU.S.aloneusesover50millionplasticbottlesannually,80%ofwhichendupinlandfills.Totrytostopthat,RodrigoGarcíaGonzález,PierrePaslierandGuillaumeCouchefromtheImperialCollegeLondonhavebeenworkingonarevolutionarysolution—waterwrappedinsideaneatablecontainermademostlyfromseaweed.Allthecustomerhastodotorelievehis/herthirstispoptheentiredropintothemouth.Theinventors,whohavebeenworkingontheOohobubblesince2014,useasimpletwo-stepcookingprocesscalledspherification(球化)tocreatethedelicatecontainer.Theybeginbydippingafrozenballofwaterorjuiceintoachemicalsolution(溶液).Thishelpsformalayeraroundtheliquid.Theballisthenabsorbedinasolutionmadefromseaweedextract.Thiscreatesasecondlayer,helpingstrengthenthestructuresothatthewaterorjuicedoesnotleak.Inadditiontosavingourenvironment,thebiodegradable(可降解的)packagingcostsjusttwocentseach,makingitcheapertoproducethanplastic.Afterthreeyearsofperfectingthedesign,theinventors,whorecentlyraisedover1millionUSDfromafinancialactivity,arereadytobringtheOohobubbletolocalmarket.However,thereareafewchallengesthatstillneedtobeovercomebeforetheproduct’slaunch.Inadditiontogettingaccustomedtothetasteofthecovering,eacheatablecontainercontainsjustamouthfulofwater,requiringconsumerstodrinkmultiplebubblestorelievetheirthirst.Thereisalsotheissueoffindinganeco-friendlypackagingtotransportthebubblessothattheyremaincleananddonotburst.Hopefully,theinventorswillfindwaystohandletheissuessothatwecanreduce,orperhapsevenremove,plasticbottles.8.WhywastheOohobubblecreated?A.Totestanewly-designedmaterial. B.Tochangeconsumers’drinkinghabit.C.Toreducepollutioncausedbyplastic. D.Totakeashareofdrinkingwaterindustry.9.Whatwilltheinventorsprobablydonext?A.Solvesomespecificproblemsoftheproduct. B.Collectmoremoneytoexpandproduction.C.DistributetheOohobubbletoglobalmarket. D.AdvertisetheadvantagesoftheOohobubble.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheOohobubble’slaunch?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful. C.Confident. D.Opposed.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsWorkoutaNewKindofWaterB.PlasticBottlesWillBeReplacedbytheOohoBubbleC.EnvironmentalPollutionisExpectedtoBeSolvedD.TheOohoBubbleAimstoRemovePlasticBottles【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新型飲用水Oohobubble的產(chǎn)生背景、研發(fā)過(guò)程以及投放市場(chǎng)前所做的準(zhǔn)備等情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itisawell-knownfactthatplasticbottles,whichtakehundredsofyearstorot,areharmfultoourenvironment.(眾所周知，塑料瓶要幾百年才能腐爛，對(duì)我們的環(huán)境有害。)”以及“TheU.S.aloneusesover50millionplasticbottlesannually,80%ofwhichendupinlandfills.(僅美國(guó)每年就使用超過(guò)5000萬(wàn)個(gè)塑料瓶，其中80%最終被扔進(jìn)了垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。)”可知，Oohobubble被研發(fā)出來(lái)的目的是為了結(jié)局塑料造成的污染問(wèn)題。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,thereareafewchallengesthatstillneedtobeovercomebeforetheproduct’slaunch.(然而，在產(chǎn)品發(fā)布之前還有一些挑戰(zhàn)需要克服。)”可知，Oohobubble研發(fā)者在接下來(lái)會(huì)解決產(chǎn)品存在的具體問(wèn)題。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hopefully,theinventorswillfindwaystohandletheissuessothatwecanreduce,orperhapsevenremove,plasticbottles.(希望發(fā)明者能找到解決問(wèn)題的方法，這樣我們就能減少，甚至移除塑料瓶。)”可知，作者對(duì)Oohobubble投放市場(chǎng)是充滿信心的。故選C。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，本文主要介紹了新型飲用水Oohobubble的產(chǎn)生背景、研發(fā)過(guò)程以及投放市場(chǎng)前所做的準(zhǔn)備等情況。同時(shí)文章也指出，研發(fā)這種飲用水的目的是為了解決塑料水瓶帶來(lái)的污染問(wèn)題。故D選項(xiàng)“TheOohoBubbleAimstoRemovePlasticBottles(“Ooho泡泡”旨在去除塑料瓶)”能夠概括文章大意。故選D。DChineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.Thisexperimentisthefirsttoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithamatureplantproducingnewseeds.ThebreakthroughwasconductedintheWentianspacelaboratory,whichwaslaunchedintoorbitonJuly24,2022.Threeastronautswereconductingtheexperimentsmoothlyandtestingtheplantsaccordingtotheplan.“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異).“Theastronautswillkeepmonitoringtheplants,andifitissuccessful,theywillcollectthenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,”shenotedThefloweringstageiscrucialforplantreproductivedevelopment.“Wewanttoinvestigatehowmicrogravitycanaffecttheplantfloweringtimeandwhetheritispossibletousethemicrogravityenvironmenttocontroltherelatedprocess,”shesaid.Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallengeduetothetoughconditionsofspacesuchasmicrogravityandlackofair.Ricehasbeenamainfoodforastronautssincetheearlydaysofspaceexploration.Freeze—driedchickenandricewasthemenufortheApollo11mission,whichcarriedthefirsthumanstolandonthemooninJuly1969.“ButifwewanttolandonandexploreMars,bringingfoodfromEarthisnotenoughtoprovidefortheastronauts’longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindafoodsourceforlongtermspaceexplorations,”Zhengadded.12.What’sthesignificanceofChineserecentspacericeexperiment?A.Itenableshumanbeingstomovetoanotherplanet.B.Ithelpspeoplegetabetterideaofthehumanlifecycle.C.ItinspiresmoreothercountriestodospaceexplorationsD.Itmakesitpossibletocarryoutlong—termspacemissions13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Themutation. B.Theexperiment.C.Theexploration.D.Thespacemission.14.Whyhavecropseedsbeenbroughttospacesincethelastcentury?A.Topromotegeneticchangesandincreasecropharvest.B.Tofigureouthowtocreateanearth—likeenvironment.C.Tostudytheimpactofmicrogravityoncropgrowth.D.Todevelopnewcropspecieswithstrongabilitytoadapt.15.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Amedicalreport. B.Afashionmagazine.C.Asciencenewspaper. D.Ahistorybook.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了中國(guó)宇航員在天宮空間站成功種植水稻幼苗，這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植糧食以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.(專家周一表示，中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。)”中國(guó)最近的太空水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)使執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)成為可能，故選D?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段““Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異).(“水稻幼苗長(zhǎng)得很好，”該任務(wù)的研究員鄭慧瓊說(shuō)，他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，該實(shí)驗(yàn)還包含了一種小型開(kāi)花植物的幼苗，科學(xué)家經(jīng)常用它來(lái)研究突變)”可知如果實(shí)驗(yàn)成功，他們將收集新產(chǎn)生的種子，并將它們帶回地球進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究。故此處的it指代實(shí)驗(yàn)，故選B。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.(自20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái)，中國(guó)一直在將水稻和其他作物的種子帶到太空，幫助它們?cè)诘厍蛏戏N植后發(fā)生突變，從而產(chǎn)生更高的產(chǎn)量。)”可推斷自上個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)農(nóng)作物種子被帶到太空，促進(jìn)基因變化，提高作物產(chǎn)量。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.(專家周一表示，中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長(zhǎng)期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見(jiàn)解。)”可知文章是關(guān)于科學(xué)的一篇報(bào)道，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Criticismisharmfultohealthyrelationships.___16___First,workonchangingyourownbehavior.Then,findeffectivewaystocommunicateifsomeonebothersyou.ChangingYourBehavior●Thinkbeforeyouspeak.___17___Sometimes,it’sbesttoletsmallindiscretions(輕率的行為)go.Trytakingafewdeepbreathsandleavingtheroominsteadofcriticizing.●Separatetheindividualfromtheiractions.Ifyouworkonseparatingthepersonfromtheaction,youmaynaturallywanttocriticizeless.Asyourealizeyoucannotjudgeaperson’scharacterbasedonasinglechoiceordecision,youwillbeunabletocallsomeoneoutforbeingrudeordisrespectful.●Focusonpositives.Oftentimes,beingcriticalresultsfromhowyou’rechoosingtoseeasituation.Everyonehasshortcomings.However,thevastmajorityofpeoplehavegoodqualitiesthatoutweighbadones.___18___CommunicatingMoreEffectively●___19___Somepeoplehaveissuesthatmayneedaddressing.However,feedbackisverydifferentfromcriticism.Whenaddressinganissue,focusonsuggestionsyoucanmaketohelpanotherpersonimprove,whichismoreeffectivethancriticizing.●Askforwhatyouwantdirectly.Inefficientcommunicationoftenresultsinheavycriticism.___20___Makesuretoaskforwhatyouwantinadirect,respectfulmanner.Thiswilleliminate(消除)theneedforcriticism.●Considertheotherparty’sperspective.Ifyoucriticizeotherstoooften,youmaybeshuttingouttheotherperson’spointofview.Trytostepinanotherperson’sshoesbeforecriticizingandyoumaygetsomenewandspecialideas.A.Givefeedbackratherthancriticism.B.However,therearewaystoavoidcriticism.C.Trytofocusonaperson’spositivequalitiesovertheirnegativeones.D.Ifyoufindyourselfmakingassumptionsaboutaperson’scharacter,stopyourself.E.Ifyou’renottellingsomeonewhatyouwant,thatpersoncannotbeexpectedtoknow.F.Criticismshould,ideally,beworkingtowardsaneffectivesolutiontoanegativesituation.G.Whenyouwanttodishoutcriticism,pauseandconsiderwhetheryoureallyneedtosayanything.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.A20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述一些如何避免批評(píng)別人的方法?！?6題詳析】上文“Criticismisharmfultohealthyrelationships.（批評(píng)對(duì)健康的關(guān)系是有害的。）”說(shuō)明人際交往中批評(píng)別人不利于關(guān)系的健康發(fā)展。下文“First,workonchangingyourownbehavior.Then,findeffectivewaystocommunicateifsomeonebothersyou.（首先，努力改變你自己的行為。然后，如果有人打擾你，找到有效的溝通方式。）”給出一些具體的解決方法。B項(xiàng)“However,therearewaystoavoidcriticism.（然而，有一些方法可以避免批評(píng)。）”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Thinkbeforeyouspeak.（三思之后再說(shuō)話。）”說(shuō)明該段給出的建議是說(shuō)話之前應(yīng)該好好思考。G項(xiàng)“Whenyouwanttodishoutcriticism,pauseandconsiderwhetheryoureallyneedtosayanything.（當(dāng)你想要提出批評(píng)時(shí)，停下來(lái)想想是否真的需要說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么。）”是對(duì)該段主旨的進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明想要批評(píng)之前應(yīng)該先思考，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】該段主旨句“Focusonpositives.（關(guān)注積極的方面。）”以及空前“Oftentimes,beingcriticalresultsfromhowyou’rechoosingtoseeasituation.Everyonehasshortcomings.However,thevastmajorityofpeoplehavegoodqualitiesthatoutweighbadones.（通常，批判源于你選擇如何看待一個(gè)情況。每個(gè)人都有缺點(diǎn)。然而，絕大多數(shù)人都有好的品質(zhì)，而不是壞的。）”說(shuō)明該段主要講述每個(gè)人都有缺點(diǎn)，然而大多數(shù)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)多于缺點(diǎn)，人們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注別人積極的方面。C項(xiàng)“Trytofocusonaperson’spositivequalitiesovertheirnegativeones.（試著關(guān)注一個(gè)人的積極品質(zhì)而不是消極品質(zhì)。）”承接上文，其中的“focusonaperson’spositivequalities”和段首“Focusonpositives”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明我們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注一個(gè)人的積極品質(zhì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文“CommunicatingMoreEffectively（更有效地溝通）”說(shuō)明該部分給出的避免批評(píng)的方法是進(jìn)行有效溝通。下文“Somepeoplehaveissuesthatmayneedaddressing.However,feedbackisverydifferentfromcriticism.Whenaddressinganissue,focusonsuggestionsyoucanmaketohelpanotherpersonimprove,whichismoreeffectivethancriticizing.（有些人可能有需要解決的問(wèn)題。然而，反饋與批評(píng)是截然不同的。在解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，把重點(diǎn)放在你可以提出的幫助他人提高的建議上，這比批評(píng)更有效。）”說(shuō)明該段主要講述幫助別人解決問(wèn)題時(shí)，反饋并且給出建議比批評(píng)更有效。A項(xiàng)“Givefeedbackratherthancriticism.（給予反饋而不是批評(píng)。）”置于句首，概括該段主旨，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】段首句“Askforwhatyouwantdirectly.（直接說(shuō)出你想要的東西。）”說(shuō)明該段主要講述在有效溝通中需要直接表達(dá)自己的需求。上文“Inefficientcommunicationoftenresultsinheavycriticism.（低效的溝通往往會(huì)招致嚴(yán)厲的批評(píng)。）”說(shuō)明無(wú)效的溝通會(huì)導(dǎo)致批評(píng)。下文“Makesuretoaskforwhatyouwantinadirect,respectfulmanner.Thiswilleliminate(消除)theneedforcriticism.（一定要以一種直接、有禮貌的方式提出你的要求。這將消除批評(píng)的必要。）”說(shuō)明直接提出需求是有效的溝通方式，會(huì)消除溝通過(guò)程中的批評(píng)。E項(xiàng)“Ifyou’renottellingsomeonewhatyouwant,thatpersoncannotbeexpectedtoknow.（如果你不告訴別人你想要什么，就不能指望那個(gè)人知道。）”承上啟下，說(shuō)明在有效溝通中要直接說(shuō)出自己的需求，否則別人將不會(huì)知道，這將導(dǎo)致無(wú)效溝通和批評(píng)。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Notlongafteradestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.Likemanyofherpeers,shewassuddenly___21___fromschool,herneighborhood,anddailyroutines.Tohelpher___22___,hermothersignedherupforafreedaycamporganizedbyProject:Camp,aprogramthatspecificallyhelpschildrencopewiththestressofdisruptedroutinesafter___23___.Theprojectbelievesbyprovidingasenseof___24___andnormalcy(常態(tài)),childrencanlowertheir___25___levelsandreturntoaroutine.Onlythencantheystarttocreateanarrative(敘事)aroundwhathashappened,sothatthey___26___thatsomethinghashappenedandthatthey’resafe,thus___27___theiruncertaintyandfear.Besides___28___daycampactivities,suchasartsandcrafts,andgamesliketag(拔河),theprogramofferedotheractivitiesthatwerespeciallydesignedtohelpkidsdealwithpsychologicalsuffering.Mentalhealthprofessionalswereonsitetohelpaddress___29___issueswhentheycameupforkids.ChildrenultimatelyguidetheprogramatProject:Camp,whiletheadultsallowthemthe____30____totalkthroughfeelingsthatmightarisethroughouttheday.Therearefrequent____31____wellnesschecks,duringwhichkidsare____32____toratetheirfeelingsfromIto10.“Gratitudecircles”invitekidstosharewhatmakesthem____33____.Exerciseslikethesecangivekidsopportunitiestohavetheirown____34____heard.ForEmory,hertimeatthecampgaveherachanceto____35____withfriendswhileherschoolwaspaused,lettinghersimplybeakidagainwithoutworries.21.A.cutoff B.setfree C.leftout D.broughtback22.A.recall B.recover C.balance D.focus23.A.disasters B.diseases C.conflicts D.injuries24.A.purpose B.relief C.belonging D.safety25.A.risk B.violence C.stress D.expectation26.A.imagine B.decide C.repeat D.understand27.A.confirming B.rating C.ending D.admitting28.A.outdoor B.typical C.creative D.cultural29.A.emotional B.educational C.medical D.social30.A.energy B.wisdom C.power D.space31.A.digital B.physical C.mental D.formal32.A.paid B.encouraged C.forced D.seen33.A.hopeful B.joyful C.grateful D.peaceful34.A.story B.plan C.dream D.opinion35.A.compete B.camp C.connect D.study【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.C34.A35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述10歲的Emory因毀滅性的野火被迫離家，生活常規(guī)被打亂，精神崩潰。為幫助她恢復(fù)，母親給她報(bào)名了由Project:Camp組織的免費(fèi)日間營(yíng)地活動(dòng)。該項(xiàng)目專為幫助孩子應(yīng)對(duì)災(zāi)難后生活規(guī)律被打亂所帶來(lái)的壓力，通過(guò)提供安全感和常態(tài)感，降低孩子壓力，助其正視所發(fā)生的事，消除不確定和恐懼?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：和許多同齡人一樣，她突然失去了上學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，與所在社區(qū)的聯(lián)系也被切斷，日常的生活秩序也變得混亂無(wú)序。A.cutoff切斷；B.setfree釋放；C.leftout漏掉；D.broughtback帶回來(lái)。根據(jù)上文“Notlongafteradestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.”可知，野火迫使家人離開(kāi)家園可知，埃默里和同齡人突然與學(xué)校、社區(qū)切斷了聯(lián)系，故選A。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了幫助她恢復(fù)健康，她的母親為她報(bào)名參加了由“項(xiàng)目：營(yíng)地”組織的免費(fèi)夏令營(yíng)。該項(xiàng)目專門幫助那些在災(zāi)難過(guò)后因生活規(guī)律被打亂而感到壓力的孩子們。A.recall回想起；B.recover恢復(fù)；C.balance平衡；D.focus集中。上文提到埃默里和同齡人突然與學(xué)校、社區(qū)切斷了聯(lián)系，所以母親為她報(bào)名夏令營(yíng)是為了幫助她從災(zāi)難的影響中恢復(fù)，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了幫助她恢復(fù)健康，她的母親為她報(bào)名參加了由“Project:Camp”組織的免費(fèi)夏令營(yíng)。該項(xiàng)目專門幫助那些在災(zāi)難過(guò)后因生活規(guī)律被打亂而感到壓力的孩子們。A.disasters災(zāi)難；B.diseases疾病；C.conflicts沖突；D.injuries受傷。根據(jù)上文“Notlongafteradestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.”提到破壞性野火，屬于災(zāi)難，故該項(xiàng)目針對(duì)災(zāi)難后孩子的心理調(diào)適，故選A。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目認(rèn)為，通過(guò)營(yíng)造一種安全和正常的生活氛圍，孩子們能夠減輕壓力，重新回歸正常的生活節(jié)奏。A.purpose目的；B.relief安慰；C.belonging歸屬感；D.safety安全。根據(jù)后文“they’resafe”可知，遭遇了災(zāi)難，孩子們需要安全感。故選D。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目認(rèn)為，通過(guò)營(yíng)造一種安全和正常的生活氛圍，孩子們能夠減輕壓力，重新回歸正常的生活節(jié)奏。A.risk冒險(xiǎn)；B.violence暴力；C.stress壓力；D.expectation期待。呼應(yīng)前文“copewiththestress”，項(xiàng)目旨在降低孩子的壓力水平，故選C。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只有到那時(shí)，他們才能開(kāi)始構(gòu)建一個(gè)關(guān)于所發(fā)生事情的敘述，從而明白確實(shí)發(fā)生了什么，并且他們是安全的，這樣他們心中的疑慮和恐懼就能得以消除。A.imagine想象；B.decide決定；C.repeat重復(fù)；D.understand理解。根據(jù)后文“thatsomethinghashappenedandthatthey’resafe”可知，項(xiàng)目想讓孩子理解所發(fā)生的事并意識(shí)到自己安全，故選D。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只有到那時(shí)，他們才能開(kāi)始構(gòu)建一個(gè)關(guān)于所發(fā)生事情的敘述，從而明白確實(shí)發(fā)生了什么，并且他們是安全的，這樣他們心中的疑慮和恐懼就能得以消除。A.confirming確認(rèn)；B.rating對(duì)……作評(píng)估；C.ending結(jié)束；D.admitting承認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“theiruncertaintyandfear”可知，孩子們理解情況并確認(rèn)安全后，能終結(jié)不確定性和恐懼，故選C。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了典型的日間夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)（如手工制作和諸如“捉人游戲”之類的運(yùn)動(dòng)）之外，該計(jì)劃還提供了其他專門設(shè)計(jì)的活動(dòng)，旨在幫助孩子們應(yīng)對(duì)心理上的困擾。A.outdoor戶外的；B.typical典型的；C.creative創(chuàng)造性的；D.cultural文化的。根據(jù)后文“suchasartsandcrafts,andgamesliketag”可知，手工、捉人游戲是典型的日常夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)，故選B。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：心理健康專家在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，以便在孩子們出現(xiàn)情緒問(wèn)題時(shí)能夠提供幫助。A.emotional情緒的；B.educational教育的；C.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；D.social社會(huì)的。根據(jù)上文“Mentalhealthprofessionals”可知，心理健康專家處理的是孩子出現(xiàn)的情緒問(wèn)題，故選A。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在“Project:Camp”活動(dòng)中，孩子們最終會(huì)主導(dǎo)整個(gè)項(xiàng)目，而大人們則會(huì)為孩子們提供空間，讓他們能夠就一天中可能出現(xiàn)的各種情緒進(jìn)行交流。A.energy能量；B.wisdom智慧；C.power力量；D.space空間。根據(jù)后文“totalkthroughfeelingsthatmightarisethroughouttheday”指成人給孩子表達(dá)情感的空間，故選D。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：會(huì)定期進(jìn)行“心理健康”評(píng)估，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，孩子們會(huì)被鼓勵(lì)按照1到10的等級(jí)來(lái)描述自己的情緒感受。A.digital數(shù)字的；B.physical身體的；C.mental心理的；D.formal正式的。結(jié)合上文提到的“Mentalhealthprofessionals”以及情感問(wèn)題，結(jié)合后文“ratetheirfeelings”可知故此處指“心理健康”評(píng)估，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：會(huì)定期進(jìn)行“心理健康”評(píng)估，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，孩子們會(huì)被鼓勵(lì)按照1到10的等級(jí)來(lái)描述自己的情緒感受。A.paid支付；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.forced迫使；D.seen看見(jiàn)。根據(jù)后文“toratetheirfeelingsfromIto10”指心理健康評(píng)估中鼓勵(lì)孩子給情緒打分，短語(yǔ)beencouragedtodo表示“被鼓勵(lì)做某事”。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“感恩圈”活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們分享令他們感到感恩的事物。A.hopeful有希望的；B.joyful快樂(lè)的；C.grateful感激的；D.peaceful和平的。根據(jù)上文“Gratitudecircles”（感恩圈）可知“感恩圈”活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們分享令他們感到感恩的事物。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像這樣的練習(xí)能夠給孩子們提供機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們有機(jī)會(huì)講述自己的故事。A.story故事；B.plan計(jì)劃；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.opinion觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Exerciseslikethesecangivekidsopportunitiestohavetheirown”指這些活動(dòng)讓孩子有機(jī)會(huì)講述自己的經(jīng)歷（故事），故選A。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于埃默里來(lái)說(shuō)，在營(yíng)地度過(guò)的那段時(shí)光讓她有機(jī)會(huì)在學(xué)校停課期間與朋友們保持聯(lián)系，讓她能夠再次無(wú)憂無(wú)慮地做回一個(gè)孩子。A.compete比賽；B.camp露營(yíng)；C.connect連接；D.study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)上文提到和學(xué)校、社會(huì)和社區(qū)切斷了聯(lián)系，結(jié)合后文“withfriends”可知，夏令營(yíng)讓埃默里在學(xué)校停課時(shí)與朋友建立聯(lián)系，故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。While___36___(work)there,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapersand___37___(gradual)becameworld-famous.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeinPhysicsforhis___38___(explain)ofthephotoelectriceffect.Smarthomeswillalsobeabletopreventseriousdamagefromaccidents.Iftheyfindsomethingwrongtheywilldetect___39___andprovideuswiththerelevantinformationforus___40___(fix)theproblem.Inaword,thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy,anditwilltakesomeyears___41___mostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology.Once___42___(cover)byvastsheetsofice,Sarek’smountainsarehometotheSami,thenativeresidentsofthepark.Tokeepitsnaturalstate,apart___43___theSami,nooneisallowedtoliveinSarek,andallnew___44___(develop)isbannedwithintheparkboundaries.It____45____(hope)thatSarekNationalPark