第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題高三英語(yǔ)試卷(考試時(shí)間90分鐘滿分100分)本試卷共10頁(yè)?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenOfficerEricRobbinsrespondedtoa911call,hedidn’tknowhe’dbefacinghisworstfear.Neighboursreportedafive-year-oldboywanderingontheroofofanearbyhouse.Thechilddidn’tseemfrightenedofthe30-footdropawaitinghim.Robbinscouldfeelitthough,andheknewhehadtotakeaction.However,therewasone____1____:hewasdeathlyafraidofheights.Choosing____2____overfear,Robbinschargedupthestairsandoutoftheopenwindow.Quicklyyetcarefully,hejust____3____thekidandstartedtryingtomapouthowhecould____4____grabthekidwithoutshockinghimandnotfallofftheroof.“Idon’tthinkheknewIwasthere,”Robbinstoldthelocalnews.“ItfeltlikeforeverbecauseI’mscaredofheights.”Amazingly,he____5____theboyandpulledhimawayfromtheedge,completingtherooftoprescuewithoutinjurytoeitherofthem.Theparentswere____6____thattheirsonwasbackinsidesafe.Theyweregratefultoalltheofficersofthepolicedepartment,butespeciallyRobbins.“Asaparent,Icannotexpresshowmuchitmeanstoknowthereareofficerscommittedto____7____andservingwithsuchsympathy,”wrotetheparentsinathank-youletter.Robbinswas____8____bytheparents’gratitudeandrevealedthatitcouldhavebeenhiskidandsomeonewoulddothesame.ManywouldbelievewhatRobbinsdidwasbraveevenifhewasn’tafraidofheights,buttheknowledgeofhisfearmadehisheroicbehaviourevenmore____9____.Thisactofheroismismorethanarescue;it’sareminderofthehuman____10____behindthebadge(警徽).1.A.excuse B.mistake C.problem D.accident2.A.duty B.trust C.justice D.security3.A.raninto B.pickedup C.lockedonto D.knockedover4.A.politely B.safely C.warmly D.casually5.A.hit B.tied C.lowered D.reached6A.proud B.hopeful C.surprised D.relieved7A.cooperating B.protecting C.volunteering D.instructing8.A.inspired B.humbled C.comforted D.challenged9.A.complex B.common C.impressive D.mysterious10.A.courage B.honesty C.patience D.confidence【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.B5.D6.D7.B8.B9.C10.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了恐高的警官埃里克·羅賓斯（EricRobbins）克服自身對(duì)高度的極度恐懼，成功救下在屋頂徘徊的五歲男孩的故事，以及事后家長(zhǎng)的感激和對(duì)他英雄行為的贊揚(yáng)。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一個(gè)難題：他極度恐高。A.excuse借口；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.problem問(wèn)題，難題；D.accident事故，意外。前文“Neighboursreportedafive-year-oldboywanderingontheroofofanearbyhouse.Thechilddidn’tseemfrightenedofthe30-footdropawaitinghim.Robbinscouldfeelitthough,andheknewhehadtotakeaction.”提到EricRobbins必須采取行動(dòng)去救30英尺高的屋頂上的男孩，后文“hewasdeathlyafraidofheights”指出他極度恐高，這是他實(shí)施救援所面臨的一個(gè)難題。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：選擇職責(zé)而非恐懼，Robbins沖上樓，從敞開(kāi)的窗戶翻了出去。A.duty責(zé)任，義務(wù)；B.trust信任；C.justice公平，正義；D.security安全措施，安全感。根據(jù)上文“WhenOfficerEricRobbinsrespondedtoa911call,hedidn’tknowhe’dbefacinghisworstfear.”、“hewasdeathlyafraidofheights.”以及下文“Robbinschargedupthestairsandoutoftheopenwindow”可知，羅賓斯的身份是警官，救人事關(guān)職業(yè)責(zé)任，盡管恐高，但是還是上去救人，duty“職責(zé)”與fear“恐懼”形成對(duì)比，符合“克服恐懼履行使命”的邏輯。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他迅速而謹(jǐn)慎地鎖定了那個(gè)孩子，隨后開(kāi)始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不嚇到他，又不會(huì)從屋頂摔下去。A.raninto偶然遇見(jiàn)，遭遇；B.pickedup接人，搭載，撿起；C.lockedonto尋找跟蹤，鎖定（目標(biāo)）；D.knockedover打倒（或擊倒、撞倒）某人。根據(jù)上文“Robbinschargedupthestairsandoutoftheopenwindow.Quicklyyetcarefully”以及空后“thekid”可知，Robbins在屋頂上先明確孩子位置、保持關(guān)注的狀態(tài)，lockedonto表示“鎖定（目標(biāo)）”符合“緊盯不放、精準(zhǔn)聚焦”的救援狀態(tài)。故選C?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他迅速而謹(jǐn)慎地鎖定了那個(gè)孩子，隨后開(kāi)始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不嚇到他，又不會(huì)從屋頂摔下去。A.politely有禮貌地；B.safely安全地；C.warmly熱情地；D.casually隨意地，漫不經(jīng)心地。根據(jù)空后“grabthekidwithoutshockinghimandnotfallofftheroof.”可知，此處指安全地抓住孩子，safely“安全地”符合救援場(chǎng)景。故選B。【5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，他夠到了那個(gè)男孩，把他從屋頂邊緣拉開(kāi)，成功完成了這次屋頂救援，兩人均未受傷。A.hit擊，打；B.tied系，扎，捆；C.lowered減少，降低；D.reached到達(dá)，夠到。根據(jù)下文“andpulledhimawayfromtheedge”可知，此處指伸手夠到男孩后把他從屋頂邊緣拉開(kāi)。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男孩的父母因兒子安全回到屋內(nèi)而感到如釋重負(fù)。A.proud自豪的，驕傲的；B.hopeful滿懷希望的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.relieved感到寬慰的，感到安心的。根據(jù)上文“completingtherooftoprescuewithoutinjurytoeitherofthem”以及空后“theirsonwasbackinsidesafe”可知，孩子被安然無(wú)恙救下，父母如釋重負(fù)、感到安心。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“身為家長(zhǎng)，我無(wú)法表達(dá)得知有如此充滿同情心的警官們致力于保護(hù)和服務(wù)意味著多大意義，”這對(duì)父母在一封感謝信中寫(xiě)道。A.cooperating合作；B.protecting保護(hù)；C.volunteering自愿做，主動(dòng)要求做；D.instructing指示，命令。根據(jù)上文“Amazingly,he

____5____

theboyandpulledhimawayfromtheedge,completingtherooftoprescuewithoutinjurytoeitherofthem.”以及空后“serving”可知，警察EricRobbins克服自身恐高，救下孩子，作為警察他保護(hù)群眾，盡職盡責(zé)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Robbins收到這份謝意時(shí)倍感謙遜，并坦言若處境對(duì)調(diào)，那可能是他的孩子，別人也會(huì)做同樣的事。A.inspired激勵(lì)，鼓舞；B.humbled謙遜，使感到慚愧；C.comforted安慰；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)空后“revealedthatitcouldhavebeenhiskidandsomeonewoulddothesame.”可知，面對(duì)孩子父母的感激，羅賓斯非常謙遜，不居功、將自己的救人行為歸于人之常情。固定搭配behumbled“感到謙卑，謙遜”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很多人認(rèn)為，即便Robbins不恐高，他的所作所為也堪稱(chēng)勇敢，但知曉他恐高這一情況后，他的英雄行為更令人欽佩。A.complex復(fù)雜的，難懂的；B.common常見(jiàn)的，共同的；C.impressive令人敬佩的，給人印象深刻的；D.mysterious神秘的；奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“hewasdeathlyafraidofheights”可知，Robbins恐高，因此他克服恐懼從30英尺高的地方救人的行為更令人欽佩。故選C。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一英雄壯舉不僅是一次救援，更提醒著人們警徽背后閃耀的人性勇氣。A.courage勇氣；B.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)；C.patience耐心；D.confidence自信。根據(jù)上文“hewasdeathlyafraidofheights”以及所講述的Robbins克服恐高救孩子的事跡可知，這次救援行動(dòng)是警察群體乃至普通人身上所蘊(yùn)含的“人性勇氣”的體現(xiàn)。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。GarySigley,anAustralianprofessor,sayshis90-somethingmotherstillenjoysChineseteaeachday.Afewyearsago,hemadeheracupofPu’ertea,___11___markedherfirstencounterwithChinesetea.“IplacedPu’eronherpalm,”herecalls.“Atthatmoment,anelderlyAustralianwoman___12___(hold)acupofYunnantea.Isuddenlyrealizedthatteaisamediumoffriendshipbetweendifferentnationsandpeoples.Itisaculturaltreasure___13___(share)withtheworldbytheChinesepeople.”【答案】11.which12.washolding13.shared【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述澳大利亞教授加里?西利給九十多歲母親泡普洱茶，這是她首次接觸中國(guó)茶，教授由此感悟到茶是各國(guó)人民友誼的媒介，是中國(guó)分享給世界的文化瑰寶。【11題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：幾年前，他為她泡了一杯普洱茶，這標(biāo)志著她第一次接觸到了中國(guó)茶?？崭窈笫欠窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，修飾前面“他給母親泡普洱茶”這件事，從句缺主語(yǔ)，故填which?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：就在那一刻，一位年長(zhǎng)的澳大利亞女士手中捧著一杯云南茶。根據(jù)Atthatmoment可知，描述過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)anelderlyAustralianwoman為單數(shù)，故填washolding。【13題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：“這是中國(guó)人民向世界奉獻(xiàn)的一份文化瑰寶?！笨崭裉幾骱笾枚ㄕZ(yǔ)修飾aculturaltreasure，與share是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，故填shared。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Justlikeexerciseandsleep,engagingwithartisanecessityforafulfilledlife.Accordingtoasurvey,only30percentofadults___14___(attend)aconcertofanytypein2017.Eventoday,thefiguremostlikelyremainslowmainlybecausewedon’thavetimetoappreciateart—weareweigheddownbydaily___15___(responsibility).Weseeartasunimportant,butitoffersthemostrealisticglimpse(短暫的感受)weevergetintothenatureandmeaningoflife.Andifwemaketime___16___art,we’llfindourlifegettingfullerandhappier.【答案】14.attended15.responsibilities16.for【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章指出接觸藝術(shù)和運(yùn)動(dòng)、睡眠一樣是充實(shí)生活的必需，2017年僅有30%成年人聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)，如今比例仍低，呼吁人們?yōu)樗囆g(shù)騰出時(shí)間，讓生活更充實(shí)快樂(lè)。【14題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，2017年僅有30%的成年人參加過(guò)任何形式的音樂(lè)會(huì)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2017可知，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填attended?！?5題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：即便在今天，這一數(shù)字仍很可能處于較低水平，主要原因是我們沒(méi)有時(shí)間去欣賞藝術(shù)——我們被日常的責(zé)任所累，無(wú)暇顧及藝術(shù)。responsibility是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示“日常的各種責(zé)任”，需用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填responsibilities。【16題詳解】考查介詞。句意：如果我們能抽出時(shí)間來(lái)欣賞藝術(shù)，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的生活變得更加充實(shí)和快樂(lè)。maketimeforsth.表示“為某事騰出時(shí)間”，故填for。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。The“emotionaleconomy”isemerging.___17___mattersmostinthetransactions(交易)isnotaphysicalproduct,butemotions.Normally,products___18___(sell)basedontheirfeatures.However,asmaterialneedsaremet,consumershavestartedtoseekemotionalvalue.Forward-thinkingbrandshavealreadygraspedtheconceptofemotionalsellingandareusingstorytellingasatool.Whentheyintroduceanewproduct,it’snotjustaboutitsfunctionality,butabouthowitwillenhancetheuser’slifestyle,___19___(enable)themtoexpressthemselvesmorefreely.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,AIhasthepotential___20___(create)highlyimmersiveemotionalexperiences.【答案】17.What18.aresold19.enabling20.tocreate【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了在交易中情感的重要性日益凸顯，品牌利用情感銷(xiāo)售和講故事的方式推廣產(chǎn)品，以及人工智能在創(chuàng)造沉浸式情感體驗(yàn)方面的潛力。【17題詳解】考查主語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：在交易中最重要的不是實(shí)體產(chǎn)品，而是情感。此處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指物，位于句首，用What引導(dǎo)。故填What?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：通常，產(chǎn)品是基于其特點(diǎn)被銷(xiāo)售的。products和sell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)products是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are，故填aresold?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)他們推出新產(chǎn)品時(shí)，不僅僅是關(guān)于其功能，還關(guān)乎它將如何提升用戶的生活方式，使他們能夠更自由地表達(dá)自己。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填enabling。【20題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，人工智能有潛力創(chuàng)造高度沉浸式的情感體驗(yàn)。havethepotentialtodosth.是固定搭配，意為“有潛力做某事”，用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾抽象名詞potential。故填tocreate。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWinterbreakistheperfectopportunityforteenstoestablishhealthyhabitsandstayactivePlanetFitnesshastailoredaprogram,PlanetFitnessPass,tomakefitnessaccessibleandfunforstudents.Studentsenteringgrades9through12canenjoyasafeandwelcominggymenvironmentwithnopressuretocommittoafullmembership.Thisspecialseasonalprogramisdesignedtofitthebusyschedulesofhighschoolers,eitheraprofessionalathleteoragymfitnessbeginner,providingajudgment-freeenvironment,strength-trainingmachines,andyouth-friendlygroupclasses.Requirements:Toqualifyfortheprogram,studentsmust:●Presentproofofschoolenrollment(入學(xué)登記).●Bebetween14and18yearsoldatthetimeofregistration.●RegisteronlineoratanyparticipatingPlanetFitnessclub.●Completeabriefparentalapprovalformforfirst-timeteenmembers.●Agreetofollowallclubrules,includingsafetyguidelinesandage-restrictedequipmentusage.ActivateandusePlanetFitnessPass:Step1:OpenthewelcomeemailorappanddownloadthedigitalpassQRcode(二維碼)Step2:PresenttheQRcodeandaschoolIDatthefrontdesk—staffwillconfirmyouridentityandcheckyouin.Step3:ExploretheTeenFitnessZone,teen-friendlyclasses,andopentrainingareas.Step4:Checkclassschedulesandreserveyourspotviatheappforpopularsessions.Step5:Aftereachworkout,cooldownintherestzoneorvisittherecoveryfacilities.Theappalsotracksyourvisithistoryandclassattendancetohelpyoumonitorprogress,staymotivated,andsetnewfitnessmilestones.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutPlanetFitnessPass?A.Itoffersteensexerciseclasses. B.Itguaranteesteensafullmembership.C.Itassessesteens’physicalperformance. D.Itprefersteenswithworkoutexperiences.22.Toqualifyfortheprogram,studentsmust______.A.attendthesafetytrainingB.registerwiththeirparentsC.fitintotheproperagegroupD.bethefirst-timeteenmembers23.Tocheck-inataPlanetFitnessclub,studentsneedto______.A.submittheirvisithistoryB.presenttheirwelcomeemailC.showtheirQRcodeandschoolIDD.confirmareservationforafitnessclass【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了PlanetFitnessPass項(xiàng)目及其參與方式?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisspecialseasonalprogramisdesignedtofitthebusyschedulesofhighschoolers,eitheraprofessionalathleteoragymfitnessbeginner,providingajudgment-freeenvironment,strength-trainingmachines,andyouth-friendlygroupclasses.(這個(gè)特別的季節(jié)性項(xiàng)目旨在滿足高中生（無(wú)論是專(zhuān)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員還是健身房健身初學(xué)者）繁忙的日程安排，為他們提供一個(gè)無(wú)評(píng)判的環(huán)境，配備力量訓(xùn)練器械，并提供適合青少年的團(tuán)體課程。)”可知，PlanetFitnessPass為青少年提供了無(wú)評(píng)判的環(huán)境、力量訓(xùn)練器械和適合青少年的團(tuán)體課程，即它為青少年提供健身課程。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分中“●Bebetween14and18yearsoldatthetimeofregistration.(●在注冊(cè)時(shí)年齡在14至18歲之間。)”可知，要符合這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的資格，學(xué)生必須在注冊(cè)時(shí)年齡在14到18歲之間，也就是要符合適當(dāng)?shù)哪挲g組。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ActivateandusePlanetFitnessPass部分中“Step2:PresenttheQRcodeandaschoolIDatthefrontdesk—staffwillconfirmyouridentityandcheckyouin.(第二步：在前臺(tái)出示二維碼和學(xué)生證，工作人員會(huì)核實(shí)你的身份并為你辦理簽到。)”可知，在PlanetFitness俱樂(lè)部辦理簽到時(shí)，學(xué)生需要出示二維碼和學(xué)生證。故選C。BMymiddleschooltaughttheperiodictable(元素周期表)intheeighthgrade.Fromthebeginning,Ifellinlovewiththeelement“Bismuth”(Bi).Itcomesinabsolutelybeautifulcoloursandgrowsinsquareshapesthatcanbechangedduringthegrowingprocesswithmusic.Now,BiisnotexactlyascommonasHydrogenorOxygensoitwasn’tanelementwetalkedaboutmuchinclass.However,whenevertheopportunityarrived,IwouldbringitupandexpresshowmuchIlikedit.Itkindofbecameajokethatontheoccasionwhenitwasbroughtup,myclassmateswouldlookoveratmeandkindoflaugh.OnedaywewereinclasslikenormalandIwasinabadmood.Mrs.Mennon,theteacherofthisclass,hadarulethatifyoufinishedyourworkearly,youhadtodoextrawork.AllIwantedtodowasdraworplaygames.Iremembersittingthereandjustthinking,“Sheisoutofhermind!What’sthepointinmakingusdoextrawork?”LiterallyasIwasthinkingaboutthis,Mrs.Mennoncalledmynamealoud,“Henry!Comehere.”IwasworriedIhadsomehowsaidmythoughtsoutloud,butthatwasn’titatall.WhenIgottothedesksheexplainedthatshehadbeenataresourcefairforscienceteacherstobuysomenewsuppliesfortheclass.ShethenheldoutherhandandgavemeatinypieceofBi,andsaidshehadseenitandimmediatelythoughtofme.Myfacelitupandcouldn’tthankherenough.ShesaidthatwasallandIwentbacktomyseat.Inmyhead,IhadbeencomplainingaboutMrs.Mennonandherruleallwithoutknowingshehaddonesomethingextremelykindforme.Ifelthorrible.Ihaveteachersinmyfamily,andI’veseenthetroubletheyhavetodealwith,butIhadn’tbeenthinkingabouthowmuchtheyhaddoneforus.It’sbeenalongtimesincethen.TheBiwasagiftIwillalwayscherish,butMrs.Mennonalsogavemealesson.Ineededtohear.24.Whatmadetheauthor’sclassmateslaughwhenBiwasmentioned?A.Bi’sunusualname. B.Bi’suniqueproperties.C.Theauthor’sknowledgeofBi. D.Theauthor’spredictablereactiontoBi.25.WhydidMrs.MennongivetheauthorapieceofBi?A.Tosupporthiskeeninterest. B.Tocomforthimforhislowspirits.C.Torewardhisextraworkintheclass. D.Toarousehiscuriosityaboutherclass.26.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterreceivingthegift?A.Movedbutconfused. B.Excitedbutanxious.C.Contentbutstressed. D.Gratefulbutguilty.27.Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?A.Giftsblindyoureyes. B.Goodnessfavorsgrowth.C.Alittleinterestgoesalongway. D.Youthfulerrorsdefineyourfuture.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了八年級(jí)的作者因熱愛(ài)小眾元素鉍，在心情不佳抱怨老師時(shí)，意外收到老師特意為他準(zhǔn)備的鉍元素禮物，由此感受到老師的細(xì)心善意并反思自身、獲得成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,BiisnotexactlyascommonasHydrogenorOxygensoitwasn’tanelementwetalkedaboutmuchinclass.However,whenevertheopportunityarrived,IwouldbringitupandexpresshowmuchIlikedit.Itkindofbecameajokethatontheoccasionwhenitwasbroughtup,myclassmateswouldlookoveratmeandkindoflaugh.(鉍不像氫和氧那么常見(jiàn)，所以我們?cè)谡n上沒(méi)怎么討論它。然而，只要有機(jī)會(huì)，我就會(huì)把它提出來(lái)，表達(dá)我是多么喜歡它。這變成了一個(gè)笑話，當(dāng)它被提起的時(shí)候，我的同學(xué)們會(huì)看著我笑。)”可知，作者對(duì)鉍元素的喜愛(ài)已成常態(tài)，一提及就會(huì)表達(dá)自己的喜愛(ài)，由此可知，在提到鉍時(shí)同學(xué)們笑是因?yàn)樽髡呙看翁岬紹i時(shí)都會(huì)表現(xiàn)出可預(yù)測(cè)的表達(dá)喜愛(ài)的反應(yīng)。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,whenevertheopportunityarrived,IwouldbringitupandexpresshowmuchIlikedit.(然而，只要有機(jī)會(huì)，我就會(huì)把它提出來(lái)，表達(dá)我是多么喜歡它。)”以及第四段中“WhenIgottothedesksheexplainedthatshehadbeenataresourcefairforscienceteacherstobuysomenewsuppliesfortheclass.ShethenheldoutherhandandgavemeatinypieceofBi,andsaidshehadseenitandimmediatelythoughtofme.(當(dāng)我走到講臺(tái)前時(shí)，她解釋說(shuō)她參加了一個(gè)科學(xué)教師資源博覽會(huì)，為班級(jí)買(mǎi)了一些新用品。然后她伸出手，給了我一小塊鉍，說(shuō)她看到了它，立刻想到了我。)”可知，作者反復(fù)表達(dá)對(duì)鉍的喜愛(ài)，

Mennon老師注意到學(xué)生對(duì)這個(gè)冷門(mén)元素的特殊喜愛(ài)，在參加科學(xué)教師資源展時(shí)看到鉍就想到了作者，并特意購(gòu)買(mǎi)一塊鉍作為禮物送給作者；由此可知，Mennon老師給作者一塊鉍是為了支持他強(qiáng)烈的興趣。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Myfacelitupandcouldn’tthankherenough.(我喜笑顏開(kāi)，對(duì)她感激不盡。)”以及第五段中“Inmyhead,IhadbeencomplainingaboutMrs.Mennonandherruleallwithoutknowingshehaddonesomethingextremelykindforme.Ifelthorrible.Ihaveteachersinmyfamily,andI’veseenthetroubletheyhavetodealwith,butIhadn’tbeenthinkingabouthowmuchtheyhaddoneforus.(在我的腦海里，我一直在抱怨Mennon老師和她的規(guī)定，卻不知道她為我做了一件極其善良的事情。我感覺(jué)糟透了。我家里有老師，我看到過(guò)他們要處理的麻煩，但我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)他們?yōu)槲覀冏隽硕嗌佟?”可知，作者對(duì)于收到Mennon老師送他的一塊鉍非常感激，又因之前抱怨老師，對(duì)老師的不理解而感到內(nèi)疚，因此，作者收到禮物后是感激與內(nèi)疚交織。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)最后一段“It’sbeenalongtimesincethen.TheBiwasagiftIwillalwayscherish,butMrs.Mennonalsogavemealesson.Ineededtohear.(從那以后已經(jīng)過(guò)去很久了。那塊鉍是我一直珍視的禮物，但Mennon老師也給了我一個(gè)教訓(xùn)。這正是我需要聽(tīng)到的。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者非常熱愛(ài)小眾元素鉍，在心情不佳抱怨老師時(shí)，意外收到老師的禮物——注意到學(xué)生對(duì)一個(gè)冷門(mén)元素的特殊喜愛(ài)，在參加科學(xué)教師資源展時(shí)特意為其購(gòu)買(mǎi)一塊鉍，作者由此感受到老師的細(xì)心善意并反思自身、獲得成長(zhǎng)。B選項(xiàng)“Goodnessfavorsgrowth(善意助力成長(zhǎng))”精準(zhǔn)地概括了這個(gè)故事的精髓：Mennon老師的善意打破了作者當(dāng)時(shí)的負(fù)面情緒和狹隘視角，使自己進(jìn)行了深刻的自我反思，并獲得成長(zhǎng)。故選B。CIn1884FranzBoasreturnedfromBaffinIslandwithadiscoverythatwouldkickoffdecadesoflinguisticargument:byhiscount,thelocalInuit(因紐特的)languagehadfourwordsforsnow,suggestingalinkbetweenlanguageandphysicalenvironment.In1984,anarticleclaimedtheInuithave“100synonyms(近義詞)”forthefrozenwhitestuffunderasingleterm.Recently,inasweepingnewcomputationalanalysisofworldlanguages,researchersnotonlyconfirmedtheemphasisonsnowintheInuitlanguagebutalsouncoveredmanysimilarpatterns:whatsnowistotheInuit,lava(巖漿)istoSamoans.CharlesKemp,seniorauthorofthestudy,saystheresultsofferawindowontolanguagespeakers’culture.“It’sawaytogetasenseofthe‘chiefinterestsofapeople,’”hesays.TheresearchersanalyzedbilingualdictionariesbetweenEnglishandmorethan600languages,lookingfor“l(fā)exicalelaboration”inwhichalanguagehasmanywordsrelatedtoacoreconcept.Oftentheelaborationisclearlyaproductofenvironment—smallwonderthatArabic,FarsiandAustralianlanguagesarefilledwithwordstodescribethedesert,andSanskrit,TamilandThaiwithwordsforelephants.Othercasesaren’tsostraightforward.ManyOceaniclanguageshavehighlyspecificwordsforsmell.Forexample,jatbomeans“smellofdampclothing.”Thismaybeexplainedbythedampnessoftherainforest,whichenhancessmells.VictorMair,anexpertonChineselanguage,saysthisresearchhelpsresurrectthemuch-debatedideaoflinguisticrelativity,knownastheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,whichadvocatesthatlanguagedetermineshowweperceivethings.ButinMair’sopinion,thisstudysupportsasofterclaim:ourbrainsallsharethesamebasicmachineryforperceivingtheworld,whichlanguagecanaffectbutnotrestrict.“Itdoesn’tdetermine,”hesays.“Itinfluences.”LynneMurphy,alinguistinEngland,notesthat“anylanguageshouldbeabletotalkaboutanything.”Wemaynothavethewordjatbo,butfourwordsofEnglishdothetrick—“smellofdampclothing.”It’snotthathavingmanyprecisewordsforsmellrevealsmind-blowingcognitiveabilitiesforprocessingsmell;it’ssimplythatsinglewordsaremoreefficientthanphrases,sotheytendtorepresentcommonsubjectsofdiscussion,highlightingareasofculturalsignificance.Ifweroutinelyneededtotalkaboutthesmellofdampclothing,we’dcutdownthatlengthyphrasetosomethinglikejatbo.ItbearsrememberingthatbecauseallthebilingualdictionariesinthisstudymapbacktoEnglish—it’sthelanguageintowhicheverythingelsegetstranslated—theanalysisisinfluencedbythewordsusedinEnglishitself,whichraisesthequestion:“Iftheyhadstartedfrom,say,SpanishorChinese,whichconceptswouldhavestoodoutforEnglish?”saysMurphy.28.Whatcanbeinferredabout“l(fā)exicalelaboration”?A.Itreflectswhataculturemainlycares.B.Itclarifiedwhylanguagepatternsexist.C.Itresultedinalong-lastinglinguisticdebate.D.Itisusedtogeneratesynonymsunderoneconcept.29.Whatdoestheword“resurrect”underlinedinParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Replace. B.Restore. C.Release. D.Reject.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Anewwordwillemergeinresponsetoitsdemandindailylife.B.Thepursuitofword-precisionhasenhancedourcognitiveabilities.C.Theanalysisoflanguagehelpsincreasetherichnessofvocabulary.D.Comparisonsbetweenlanguagesleadtotheefficiencyofworduse.【答案】28.A29.B30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了研究通過(guò)分析600多種語(yǔ)言與英語(yǔ)的雙語(yǔ)詞典，發(fā)現(xiàn)因紐特語(yǔ)對(duì)雪、薩摩亞語(yǔ)對(duì)巖漿等的詞匯細(xì)化現(xiàn)象，反映文化核心關(guān)注點(diǎn)，也引發(fā)對(duì)語(yǔ)言相對(duì)論及研究局限性的討論。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Recently,inasweepingnewcomputationalanalysisofworldlanguages,researchersnotonlyconfirmedtheemphasisonsnowintheInuitlanguagebutalsouncoveredmanysimilarpatterns:whatsnowistotheInuit,lava(巖漿)istoSamoans.CharlesKemp,seniorauthorofthestudy,saystheresultsofferawindowontolanguagespeakers’culture.“It’sawaytogetasenseofthe‘chiefinterestsofapeople,’”hesays.(最近，在對(duì)世界語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)全面的新計(jì)算分析中，研究人員不僅證實(shí)了因紐特語(yǔ)對(duì)雪的強(qiáng)調(diào)，而且還發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多類(lèi)似的模式：雪對(duì)因紐特人來(lái)說(shuō)，就像熔巖對(duì)薩摩亞人一樣。該研究的資深作者查爾斯·肯普（CharlesKemp）表示，研究結(jié)果為了解語(yǔ)言使用者的文化提供了一扇窗口?！斑@是一種了解‘一個(gè)民族的主要利益’的方式，”他說(shuō)。)”，研究結(jié)果能反映語(yǔ)言使用者的文化，是了解“一個(gè)民族主要興趣點(diǎn)”的方式。而“l(fā)exicalelaboration”指一種語(yǔ)言中圍繞核心概念有許多相關(guān)詞匯，這種現(xiàn)象往往和環(huán)境、文化相關(guān)（如因紐特語(yǔ)的雪、薩摩亞語(yǔ)的巖漿）。由此可推斷，它能體現(xiàn)一種文化主要關(guān)注的事物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四劃線單詞句中“VictorMair,anexpertonChineselanguage,saysthisresearchhelps…themuch-debatedideaoflinguisticrelativity,knownastheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,whichadvocatesthatlanguagedetermineshowweperceivethings.(中文專(zhuān)家維克托·梅爾（VictorMair）表示，這項(xiàng)研究有助于……備受爭(zhēng)議的語(yǔ)言相對(duì)論，即薩丕爾-沃爾夫假說(shuō)（Sapir-Whorfhypothesis），該假說(shuō)主張語(yǔ)言決定了我們?nèi)绾胃兄挛铩?”可知，“語(yǔ)言相對(duì)論”（薩丕爾-沃爾夫假說(shuō)）是“備受爭(zhēng)議的觀點(diǎn)”，而這項(xiàng)研究“幫助resurrect”了這一觀點(diǎn)。結(jié)合后文“支持一種更溫和的主張”，可知研究讓這一爭(zhēng)議觀點(diǎn)重新受到關(guān)注、得以“恢復(fù)”影響力。故可猜測(cè)劃線單詞resurrect為“恢復(fù)”的意思，和B選項(xiàng)Restore“恢復(fù)”意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“It’snotthathavingmanyprecisewordsforsmellrevealsmind-blowingcognitiveabilitiesforprocessingsmell;it’ssimplythatsinglewordsaremoreefficientthanphrases,sotheytendtorepresentcommonsubjectsofdiscussion,highlightingareasofculturalsignificance.Ifweroutinelyneededtotalkaboutthesmellofdampclothing,we’dcutdownthatlengthyphrasetosomethinglikejatbo.(這并不是說(shuō)有很多精確的嗅覺(jué)詞匯揭示了處理嗅覺(jué)的驚人認(rèn)知能力；簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，單個(gè)單詞比短語(yǔ)更有效，所以它們往往代表討論的共同主題，突出文化意義的領(lǐng)域。如果我們經(jīng)常需要談?wù)摮睗褚路奈兜?，我們?huì)把這個(gè)冗長(zhǎng)的短語(yǔ)縮短為jatbo之類(lèi)的東西。)”可推知，單一詞匯比短語(yǔ)更高效，會(huì)代表常見(jiàn)的討論主題。如果英語(yǔ)中需要經(jīng)常談?wù)摗皾褚路臍馕丁?，就?huì)把長(zhǎng)短語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)化成類(lèi)似“jatbo”的詞。這說(shuō)明日常需求會(huì)促使新詞匯出現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。DInthefallof1944,NormanBorlaugmovedtoMexicotoproduceanewvarietyofwheat.Finally,hegotlucky.Hiswheatprovedtobenotjusthigh-yielding(高產(chǎn)的)butalsosurprisinglyvaried.But,asproudashewasofhisseeds,Borlaugalsosawtheirlimits.WhenhereceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein1970,heusedhisNobeladdresstocautionagainstself-satisfaction.Thenewvarietiesofwheathehadreproducedrepresented,hesaid,onlya“temporarysuccessinman’swaragainsthunger.”Theworld’spopulation,heworriedoutloud,wouldcontinuetogrow,andeventuallythedemandforfoodwouldagainoutpacethesupply.Nowin2025,MichaelGrunwaldsaysinhisnewbook,WeAreEatingtheEarth,thathumanityisfacing“someterriblemath.”O(jiān)nonesideoftheequationisthegrowingneedforfood.Ontheothersideisclimatechange.Agricultureisamajorsourceofgreenhousegases,dependingonhowyoucalculateit.Weneedto“feedtheworldwithoutfryingtheworld”ishowGrunwaldputsit.What’stobedone?Agoodfirststep,Grunwaldadvocates,wouldbetostopmakingthingsworse.Wecouldstartwithbiofuels.EveryyearintheUS,somefourteenbilliongallonsofacorn-basedadditivegetmixedingas.Thepracticeissupposedtoreducegreenhouse-gasemissions.Almostcertainly,though,ithastheoppositeoutcome.Redirectingcornfromgrocerystorestogastankspushesupgoodsprices—which,inturn,encouragesfarmerstochangeforestsintocropland.Sinceforestsstorealotofcarbon,cuttingdownthemincreasesatmospheric\(CO_2\).Grunwaldquotesasong:BiofueluseisgonnaburnupallmyfoodDeforestationcanonlyruinournation.ImmoralmenwiththatbadintentionWhatisyourplan?Isitlifeorruination?WereitnotforBorlaug,theworldinthelatetwentiethcenturywouldhavebeenaverydifferentplace.IntheeightyearssinceBorlaugarrivedinMexico,farminginmuchoftheworldhasbeentransformed.Newtoolsthatcouldmakefarmsevenmoreproductiveareconstantlybeingdeveloped.Atthesametime,theworld,too,hasbeentransformed,bysuchthingsasclimatechange,groundwaterexhaustion,andsoilpollution.Thenewtoolsandthenewthreatsareboundupineachother—twosides,asitwere,ofthesameleaf.Ifitisreasonabletoimaginethatwewill,somehoworother,findwaystofeedtenbillionpeople,itisalsoreasonabletofearhowmuchdamagewillbedoneintheprocess.31.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thedownstreamconsequencesoffoodshortage.B.Thesignificanceofinventinghigh-productiveseeds.C.Theproblemshumansfaceinthecourseofdevelopment.D.Twocontraryperspectivesonthegrowingdemandforfood.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthesong?A.Toillustrateacurrentattemptofbiofuels.B.Torevealconventionisstillbetterthaninnovation.C.Toraisepublicawarenessofredirectingfoodforfuel.D.Toprovegoodintentionsmaybringaboutbadresults.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Farmingtransformationlacksrecognition.B.Theissueofhungershouldbeprioritized.C.Itisurgenttotreathuman-causeddamage.D.Weneedviewfoodandenvironmentasone.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CanWeSatisfyOurGrowingAppetites?B.Farming:WillItBeLifewithoutRuination?C.IsAgriculturetoBlameforClimateChange?D.Environment:AreWeTransformingorHarmingIt?【答案】31.C32.D33.D34.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了農(nóng)業(yè)在滿足食物需求的同時(shí)對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響，特別是氣候變化。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenewvarietiesofwheathehadreproducedrepresented,hesaid,onlya“temporarysuccessinman’swaragainsthunger.”Theworld’spopulation,heworriedoutloud,wouldcontinuetogrow,andeventuallythedemandforfoodwouldagainoutpacethesupply.(他說(shuō)，他培育小麥新品種只是“人類(lèi)對(duì)抗饑餓戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的暫時(shí)成功”。他大聲地?fù)?dān)心，世界人口將繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，最終對(duì)食物的需求將再次超過(guò)供應(yīng)。)”和第二段“Ononesideoftheequationisthegrowingneedforfood.Ontheothersideisclimatechange.Agricultureisamajorsourceofgreenhousegases,dependingonhowyoucalculateit.Weneedto“feedtheworldwithoutfryingtheworld”ishowGrunwaldputsit.(一方面是對(duì)食物日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。另一方面是氣候變化。農(nóng)業(yè)是溫室氣體的主要來(lái)源，這取決于你如何計(jì)算。格倫沃爾德說(shuō)，我們需要“在不破壞世界的情況下養(yǎng)活世界”。)”可知第一段提到NormanBorlaug的高產(chǎn)小麥雖暫時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)饑餓，但人口增長(zhǎng)會(huì)讓糧食需求再次超過(guò)供給；第二段指人類(lèi)面臨“糧食需求增長(zhǎng)”與“氣候變化”的“可怕平衡”，核心都是人類(lèi)發(fā)展過(guò)程中遭遇的問(wèn)題。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段“EveryyearintheUS,somefourteenbilliongallonsofacorn-basedadditivegetmixedingas.Thepracticeissupposedtoreducegreenhouse-gasemissions.Almostcertainly,though,ithastheoppositeoutcome.Redirectingcornfromgrocerystorestogastankspushesupgoodsprices—which,inturn,encouragesfarmerstochangeforestsintocropland.Sinceforestsstorealotofcarbon,cuttingdownthemincreasesatmo