重慶市高2023屆高三第七次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第

二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。共150分，共12頁(yè)。

2.全部答案在答題卡上相應(yīng)區(qū)域內(nèi)完成，在本試卷上作答無(wú)效。選擇題請(qǐng)使用2B鉛筆填涂，非

選擇題請(qǐng)使用0?5毫米黑色簽字筆作答。要求字體工整、筆跡清晰。

3.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡規(guī)定的地方填寫(xiě)好個(gè)人信息，并認(rèn)真核對(duì)答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼是否與本人

的信息一致。

4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié);滿(mǎn)分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并

標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小

題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。

1.Howdidthemangettowork?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.

2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutswimmingnow?

A.Relaxed.B.Frightened.C.Tired.

3.WhatwillKendothisFriday?

A.Playbasketball.B.Visitthemuseum.C.Visithisgrandpa.

4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Hemadecommentsonthewoman'spaper.

B.Heborrowedbooksfromthenewlibrary.

C.Hewroteawonderfulessay.

5.Whatarcthespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Keepingfit.B.Developingahobby.C.Cancellingsubscription.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小

題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthemanmainlyusehisphonefor?

A.Entertainment.B.Communication.C.Information.

7.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouthisphone?

A.Thesystem.B.Thecamera.C.Thesize.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthelastdoctor?

A.Hewascaring.B.Hewastooyoung.C.Hedidn'tlistentohispatients.

9.Whatdocsthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Makeacallearly.B.Chooseanotherdoctor.C.Putoffhisappointment.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Atagrocerystore.

11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Orderanitem.B.Borrowsomemoney.C.Changehershippingaddress.

12.Whatdocsthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Buyanothergift.B.Tryanotherplace.C.Leaveapartialpayment.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toaskforinformation.

B.Toconductaninterview.

C.Tomakeanappointment.

14.Whatpositionisavailablenow?

A.Cooks.B.Managers.C.Waiters.

15.Howlongaretheworkinghours?

A.Fourhours.B.Sevenhours.C.Eighthours.

16.Whatdocsthejoboffer?

A.Afreemeal.B.￡5anhour.C.Atwo-daybreakperweek.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatmadethepoolclosed30yearsago?

A.Itsbudget.B.Itsdesign.C.Itssafety.

18.WhatissaidabouttheBrackensidePool?

A.Itisdesignedbyanewarchitect.

B.Itisacombinationofoldandnew.

C.Thelocalpressisconfidentaboutit.

19.Whowilldeclarethepoolopen?

A.Anactress.B.Ahistoricalfigure.C.Thepress.

20.Whatcanthewinnerofthecompetitiondecide?

A.Whenthepoolwillopen.

B.Whichsculpturewillbeused.

C.Whatkindoffoodwillbeprovided.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié);滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

EDITOR'SNOTE

ACenturyinCirculation

Thisyear'sannualclassicscollectionisparticularlyspecial,givenitisthemagazine's1OOthanniversaryyear.

Peelingbackthecoversofthethousandsofeditions,publishedinnumerouscountries,anddatingbacklothefirst

issueinFebruary1922,isalwaysataskweenjoydoing.

Thiscollectionoffersawiderangeofdifferentsubjects.Eachonewehopewillinform,delight,amuseand

perhapsevenconfoundourreaders:fromsteppinginsidetheFrenchartistPierre-Auguste'sinnercirclsoffriends

(Page84),tofindingpeacefromdepressioninasolitarywalkonthebeach(Page92)andmeetingacatwhohelda

familytogetherastheybegantofallapart(Page20).Myfavoritearticle,ExploitsofCharles(Pageiswrittenby

ainotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviorofalittleboyinheryoungson'skindergartenclass.Iamsureyou'll

enjoythisamusingaccountofasmallboyadjustingtohisnewclassmatesandteachers.Withanendlesssupplyof

wonderfi.ilstories,surprisinginsightsandexperiencestoshare,Reader'sDigestremainsaplacetofindfresh

perspectivesandagreatread.

Happyreading!

LouiseWatersonEditor-in-Chief

WelcometoContribute

FunnyStoriesandJokes$50-$100

Sendinyourrcal-iifclaughforLife'sLikeThatorAllinaDay'sWork.Gotajoke?SenditinforLaughteristhe

BestMedicine!

SmartAnimalsUp(o$100

Sharefunnystoriesofuniquepetsorwildlifeinupto300words.

MyStoryS300

Doyouhaveaninspiringorlife-changingtaletotell?Submissionsmustbetrue.

Health$200

SendyourconstructivetipsinforWorldofHealth.

I.WhatmakesthisissueofReader'sDigestsounique?

A.Avariousrangeofsubjects.

B.Acountlesssupplyofstories.

C.Specialanniversarycollection.

D.Freshviewpointsandinsights.

2.Onwhichpagecanreadersfindafunnystory?

A.Page100

B.Page92

C.Page84

D.Page20

3.Whicharticlecanpossiblygetthehighestpayment?

A.SecretWorldofaWiseCat

B.FourTipstoPreventVisionLoss

C.ReunitedwithMyRescuers,TwoFishermen

D.WhatKindofSchooldoGiraffesLiketoGo

【答案】l.C2.A3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了《讀者文摘》100周年紀(jì)念文集。

【I題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Thisyear'sannualclassicscollectionisparticularlyspecial,givenitisthemagazine's

lOGthanniversaryyear.（今年的年度經(jīng)典合集尤其特別，因?yàn)檫@是雜志的100周年紀(jì)念。）”可知，這期《讀

者文摘》如此獨(dú)特是因?yàn)槭翘貏e周年合集。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Myfavoritearticle,ExploitsofCharles(Page100),iswrittenbyamotheraboutthe

increasinglyoddbehaviorofalittleboyinheryoungson'skindergartenclass.Iamsureyou'llenjoythisamusing

accountofasmallboyadjustingtohisnewclassmatesandteachers,i：我最喜歡的一篇文章《查爾斯的事跡》(第

100頁(yè)）是一位母親寫(xiě)的，講的是她小兒子幼兒園班上一個(gè)小男孩的行為越來(lái)越古怪。我相信你會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)

關(guān)于一個(gè)小男孩適應(yīng)新同學(xué)和新老師的有趣故事。）”可知，讀者可以在第100頁(yè)找到一個(gè)有趣的故事。故

選Ao

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)MyStory$300中的"Doyouhaveaninspiringorlife-changingtaletotell?Submissionsmust

belrue.（你有鼓舞人心或改變?nèi)松墓适乱v嗎？提交內(nèi)容必須真實(shí)。）”可知，獲得最高的報(bào)酬是關(guān)于自

己鼓舞人心或改變?nèi)松墓适?，從而推斷《與我的救援人員，兩個(gè)漁民重聚》這篇文章可能獲得最高的報(bào)

酬。故選C。

AnthonyDoerrsnewbestseller,AlltheLightWeCannotSee,holdsspecialappealfbrme.That'showIwould

describeit.Fromthepoeticlanguage,totherealizationofwhatthetileactuallymeans:thatunderneaththesurfaceof

history,thereislightthathasnotbeenseen,andstoriesthathavegoneuntold.

I'mgoingtobehonest-lovefbrthisbookdidn'thitmestraightaway.Infact,myfirstattempttoreaditlast

monthendedwithmeputtingitasideandgoingtofindsomethingeasier,lighterandlessdescriptivetoread.Butthis

bockisbuiltonbeautifulimagery.Bothintheliteralsense-thephysicalworldof1940sParisandGermany,andthe

meiaphorical(|意口俞性的)sense-scier.tificandphilosophicalreferencestolight,toseeingandnotseeing,andthe

differencesbetweenthetwo.It'sabeautifulworkofgenius,butitdoesgetalittlecomplicatedattimes.

However,whenwegetintothemeatofthisWorldWarIInovel,it'salsoanupsettingstoryofachildhoodtorn

apartbywar.It'saboutParisianMaricLaurcwhohasbeenblindsinceshewassix,andaGermanorphancalled

WernerwhofindshimselfatthecenteroftheHitlerYouth.Bothoftheirstoriesarctoldwithsensitivityandsympathy,

eachoneforceddownapathbytheirpersonalcircumstancesandbythatdestructivemonster-war.

I(hink(hisis(hekindofbookyouwillneverappreciateifyoustoploosoon-Ilearnedthatlesson.Fromthefirst

tolastpage,thereisathemeofinvisiblelinesrunningparallel(平行的)tooneanotherandsometimes,justsometimes,

crossinginthestrangestway.Thesetwoliveswcarcintroducedtoseemtobeworldsapart,andyettheyconic

togetherandinfluenceoneanother.Ilwasthis,more(hanthepredictablyawfultaleofwar,thatmademefeelquite

emotional.

4.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthebook?

A.Lightandeasytoread.

B.Richinphilosophicalideas.

C.Fascinatingbuttoodescriptive.

D.Toocomplicatedforitstheme.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieLaureandWerner?

A.Thewarleadstotheirsensitivity.

B.Theyknoweachotheratanearlyage.

C.TheHitlerYouthpushesthemtogrow.

D.Theybothhaveamiserablechildhood.

6.Whatparticularlystirredthewriter'semotions?

A.Thebook'sdramaticending.

B.Thebook'sbeautifulimagery.

C.Thecharacters'interconnecteddestiny.

D.ThesufferingbroughtbyWorldWarII.

7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tosharethewriter'sfeelingsofabook.

B.Torecommendadelightfulbestseller.

C.Totellreadersaheartbreakingstory.

D.Toanalyzethestructureofabook.

【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】木文是一篇書(shū)評(píng)。文章中，作者主要介紹了安東尼?多爾的最新暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我們看不見(jiàn)的光》，作者

主要介紹了這本書(shū)的主要內(nèi)容，以及作者對(duì)于這本書(shū)的感想。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段uAnthonyDoerr'snewbestseller,AlltheLightWcCannotSee,holdsspecialappeal

forme.(安東尼?多爾的最新暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我們看不見(jiàn)的光》對(duì)我有著特殊的吸引力。)”以及第二段“Infact,my

firstattempttoreaditlastmonthendedwithmeputtingitasideandgoing(ofindsomethingeasier,lighterandless

descriptivetoread.Butthisbookisbuiltonbeautifulimagery.Dothinthelitcialscnsc-thcphysicalworldof1940s

ParisandGermany,andthemetaphorical（隱喻性的）sense-scientificandphilosophicalreferencestolight,toseeing

andnotseeing,andthedifferencesbetweenthetwo.（事實(shí)上，上個(gè)月我第一次嘗試讀它的時(shí)候，我把它放在一

邊，去找一些更簡(jiǎn)單、更輕松、描述性更少的書(shū)來(lái)讀。但這本書(shū)是建立在美麗的意象之上的。無(wú)論是在字

面意義上——20世紀(jì)40年代的巴黎和德國(guó)的物理世界，還是在隱喻意義上——對(duì)光的科學(xué)和哲學(xué)參考，看

到和看不到，以及兩者之間的差異。）”可知，在作者看來(lái)，這部書(shū)很吸引人，同時(shí)又極具描述性。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段aHowever,whenwegetintothemeatofthisWorldWarIInovel,it'salsoanupsetting

storyofachildhoodtornapartbywar."（然而，當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入這本二戰(zhàn)小說(shuō)的核心部分時(shí)，它也是一個(gè)關(guān)于被

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)撕裂的童年的令人沮喪的故事。）根據(jù)第三段“Bothoftheirstoriesaretoldwithsensitivityandsympathy,

eachoneforceddownapathbytheirpersonalcircumstancesandby（hatdestructivemonsler-wa「.（他彳口倆的故事都

充滿(mǎn)了敏感和同情，每個(gè)人都被他們的個(gè)人環(huán)境和毀滅性的怪物戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)逼上了?條路。）”可知，這兩個(gè)人的

童年都很悲慘。故選D。

6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Bothoftheirstoriesarctoldwithsensitivityandsympathy,eachoneforced

dov/napathbytheirpersonalcircumstancesandbythatdestructivemonster-war.（他們倆的故事都充滿(mǎn)了敏感和

同情，每個(gè)人都被他們的個(gè)人環(huán)境和毀滅性的怪物戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)逼上了一條路。）”以及最后一段“Thesrwoliveswe

areintroducedtoseemtobeworldsapart,andyettheycometogetherandinfluenceoneanother.Itwasthis,more

thanthepredictablyawfultaleofwar,thatmademefeelquiteemoiionaL（我們被介紹的這兩種生活似乎是兩個(gè)不

同的世界，但他們走到一起，互相影響。正是這一點(diǎn)，而不是那些可以預(yù)見(jiàn)的可怕的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)故事，讓我感到

非常激動(dòng)。）”可知，打動(dòng)作者的正是這種人物相互關(guān)聯(lián)的命運(yùn)。故選C。

。題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段uAnthonyDoerr'snewbestseller,AlltheLightWcCannotSee,holdsspecialappeal

forme.That'showIwoulddescribeit.Fromthepoeticlanguage,totherealizationofwhatthetileactuallymeans:

thatunderneaththesurfaceofhistory,thereislightthathasnotbeenseen,andstoriesthathavegoneuntold.（安東

尼?多爾的最新暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我們看不見(jiàn)的光》對(duì)我有著特殊的吸弓力。這就是我對(duì)它的描述。從詩(shī)意的語(yǔ)言，

到意識(shí)到標(biāo)題的真正含義：在歷史的表面卜，有未被看到的光，和未被講述的故事。）”以及最后一段“Ilhink

thisisthekindofbookyouwillneverappreciateifyoustoptoosoon-Ilearnedthatlesson.Fromthefirsttolastpage,

thereisathemeofinvisiblelinesrunningparallel（平行的）tooneanotherandsometimes,justsometimes,crossingin

thestrangestway.俄認(rèn)為這是一本書(shū)，如果你停得太快，你就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)欣賞它一我學(xué)到了這一課。從第一

頁(yè)到最后一頁(yè)，有一個(gè)主題是看不見(jiàn)的線(xiàn)彼此平行運(yùn)行，有時(shí)，只是有時(shí)，以最奇怪的方式交叉。）”可知，

文章的目的是分享作者對(duì)一本書(shū)的感受。故選A。

c

Thespermwhaleisanastonish;ngcreature.Ifslongerthanasemi-truck,weighsmore(han90,000poundsand

isthelargestmemberofthetoothedwhalefamily.It'sknowntodive6,500feetinsearchoffood,andtostaydown

thereforlongerthananhouratatime.

Perhapsmostfantastically,thespermwhale'sbrainweighsasmuchas20pounds-thebiggestofanyspecieson

Earth.Butwhenitcomestobrains,issizeallthatmatters?There'salotwcdon'tknowaboutthespermwhale's

inteliigencebecauseit'sdifficulttocarryoutneurological(神經(jīng)的)testingonsuchahugemarinemammal.Butsome

cluespointtospermwhalesbeingmuchsmarterthanwegivethemcreditfbr.

A2021siudypublishedinBiologyLetters,forexample,lookedbackto19th-centuryhistoricallogbooksfrom

whalers.Researchersfoundthatspermwhaleswereatfirsteasytocaich-butalmostimmediately,thewhaleslearned

howtoevadehuntersandwhalingsuccessdroppedby60percent.Thestudysuggeststhatthewhalespassed

informationtooneanotherthroughsoundwavestoavoidbeingcaught.

Animalsthathavebigbrainsusuallyhaveafewthingsincommon.Theyusuallylivelonglives;forexample,

spermwhalescanlivefbr70yearsorlonger.Additionally,theyVecapableofcomplexbehaviorsandtheytendtobe

moresocial.Whalesmayworktogethertohuntorcommunicateinalanguageall(heirown.

What'smore,humans,whalesanddolphinsallhavespindleneuronsintheirbrains.Thesenervecellsmakeus

capableofdeeperthought,suchasreasoningskills,memory,communicationandadaptivethinking.Andlikehumans,

whaleshaveemotionalintelligence-meaningthey'recapableofempathy,griefandsadness.Still,inproportionto

(與..J或比1列)ourbodysize,(hehumanbrainisbigger(hanthatofthespermwhale.

Yetthere'sstillsomuchwcdon'tknowabouthowsmartspermwhalesreallyarc.Andjustlikethewhalersofa

centuryago,wehavelikelybeenunderestimatingmarinemammals,whetherlargeorsmall,fbraslongaswe've

knewnoftheirexistence.

8.Whydopeopleknowlittleaboutthespermwhale'sintelligence?

A.Spermwhales'bigsizemakesresearchdifficult.

B.Itdidn'tattractscientists'attentionuntilrecently.

C.Whalersdidn'tkeepenoughrecordsoftheirhunting.

D.Spermwhalesusuallystaydeepdownintheocean.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evade“meaninparagraph3?

A.Track.B.Avoid.C.Locate.D.Trick.

10.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromparagraph5?

A.Thenervecellsdistinguishhumansfromanimals.

B.Spermwhaleshavesmallerbrainsthanhumans.

C.Spindleneuronsmakehigherinielligencepossible.

D.Emotionalintelligenceisuniqueiowhalesandhumans.

11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SpermWhalesAreAstonishinglySmart

B.SpermWhalesHavetheBiggestBrain

C.BreaktheCodeofWhaleLanguage

D.UnlocktheMysteryofSeaMammals

【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了大型海洋動(dòng)物——抹香鯨。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前已有線(xiàn)索表

明抹香鯨比人類(lèi)所以為的要聰明得多。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“There'salotwedon'tknowaboutthespermwhale'sintelligencebecauseit's

difficulttocarryoutneurological（神經(jīng)的）testingonsuchahugemarinemammal.（我們對(duì)抹香鯨的智力知之甚

少，因?yàn)楹茈y對(duì)這樣一種巨大的海洋哺乳動(dòng)物進(jìn)行神經(jīng)學(xué)測(cè)試。）”可知，抹香鯨的巨大體型使得我們很難

對(duì)它進(jìn)行神經(jīng)測(cè)試。故選A。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)單詞下?句“whalingsuccessdroppedby60percenK捕鯨的成功率下降了60%）”"I知，

抹香鯨是學(xué)會(huì)了如何躲避捕魚(yú)人。選項(xiàng)A"Track（跟蹤）”；選項(xiàng)B"Avoid（避免廣選項(xiàng)C“Lccate（定位）”；

選項(xiàng)D"Trick（戲弄）”。故選B。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段"What'smore,humans,whalesanddolphinsallhavespindleneuronsintheirbrains.

Thesenervecellsmakeuscapableofdeeperthought,suchasreasoningskills,memory,communicationandadaptive

thinking.Andlikehumans,whaleshaveemotionalintelligence-meaningthey'recapableofempathy,griefand

sadness”更重要的是，人類(lèi)、鯨魚(yú)和海豚的大腦中都有紡錘形神經(jīng)元。這些神經(jīng)細(xì)胞使我們能夠進(jìn)行更深入

的思考，比如推理技能、記憶、溝通和適應(yīng)性思維。和人類(lèi)一樣，鯨魚(yú)也有情商——這意味著它們能夠感

同身受、悲傷和悲傷。）”可知，紡錘形神經(jīng)元使生物能夠進(jìn)行深入思考和適應(yīng)性思維等，而這一切，使得

生物會(huì)具有一定智商。故選C。

[II題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章笫二段"Butsomecluespointtospermwhalesbeingmuchsmarterthanwegivethemcredit

for.（但一些線(xiàn)索表明抹香鯨比我彳|:想象的要聰明得多。）”、第三段44Thestudysuggeststhatthewhalespassed

informationtooneanotherthroughsoundwavestoavoidbeingcaught.（研究表明，鯨魚(yú)通過(guò)聲波相互傳遞信息，

以避免被捕獲。）“、第四段uAdditionally,they'recapableofcomplexbehaviorsandtheytendtobemoresocial.

Whalesmayworktogethertohuntorcommunicateinalanguageall（heirown.（此外，它們有能力做出復(fù)雜的行

為，而且往往更善于社交。鯨魚(yú)可能會(huì)一起捕獵，或者用它們自己的語(yǔ)言交流。）”以及第五段"What'smore,

humans,whalesanddolphinsallhavespindleneuronsintheirbrains.Thesenervecellsmakeuscapableofdeeper

thought,suchasreasoningskills,memory,communicationandadaptivethinking.（更重要的是，人類(lèi)、鯨魚(yú)和海

豚囪大腦中都有紡錘形神經(jīng)元。這些神經(jīng)細(xì)胞使我們能夠進(jìn)行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、記憶、溝通

和適應(yīng)性思維。）”可知，文章主要講述了抹香鯨是一種高智商的生物，極其聰明。故選A。

D

“InEnglish,myspeechisverypolite,witharelaxedtone,alwayssaying"please'and'excuseme.'WhenIspeak

Greek,Istarttalkingmorerapidly,withatoneofanxietyandinakindofrudeway…”

“Ifthewordsresonate（共鳴）withyou,you'veprobablyalreadyexperiencedthesurprising,oddphenomenonof

feelinglikehavingdifferentpersonalitieswhenspeakingdifferentlanguages.Howisthatpossible?Coulditbethat

bilinguals（雙語(yǔ)者）changetheirpersonalitywhentheychangelanguage?Afterall,theCzechproverbdocssay,

“Learnanewlanguageandgetanewsoul.”

Inmybookonbilingualism.LifewithTwoLanguages,Inotedfirstofallthatmonocultural（單?文化

的）bilingualswhomakeupthemajorityofbilingualsintheworldarenotreallyaffectedbythisphenomenon.

Althoughbi-ormultilingual,theyarcinfactmembersofjustoneculture.Butwhataboutbiculturalbilinguals?I

proposedthatwhatisseenasachangeinpersonalityismostprobablysimplyashiftinattitudesandbehaviorsthat

correspondtoashiftinsituationorcontext,independentoflanguage.Basically,thebiculturalbilingualsinacademic

studieswerebehavingbicultural,thatis,adaptingtothecontexttheywerein.Differentcontextsanddomainstrigger

differentimpressions,attitudesandbehaviors.

Imaginethewaywespeaktoabestfriendandthebehaviorthatweadopt.Then,thinkofhowallthischanges

whenwearespeakingthesamelanguagetoasuperior（e.g.aschoolhead,religiousauthorityoremployer）.We

behavedifferentlyandsometimeschangeattitudesandfeelingseventhoughthelanguageisthesame.Thesameis

trueforbilingualsexceptthatherethelanguagemaybedifferent.Itistheenvironment,theculture,andthepeople

onetalkstothatcausebiculturalbilingualstochangeattitudes,feelingsandbehaviors（alongwithlanguage）-andno（

theirlanguageassuch.Inessence,theredoesnotseemtobeadirectcausalrelationshipbetweenlanguageand

personality.

12.Whatfunctiondocsthefirstparagraphserve?

A.Tosupportthewriter'sargument.

B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

C.Topresentageneralknowledgefact.

D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Themeaningofbilingualstudy.

B.Culturalinfluenceonlanguages.

C.Attitudeandproperbehavior.

D.Thetruthof"personalityshift”.

14.Howwouldthewriterprobablyexplainthespeaker'sbehaviorinparagraph1?

A.HisfluencyinEnglishisnotasgreatasthatofGreek.

B.Hispersonalityisaffectedbythelanguageheuses.

C.HespeaksEnglishwheremannersarcexpected.

D.HespeaksGreekwhenhetalkstohissuperiors.

15.Biculturalbilingualschangeattitudeswhenthey.

A.changetheirlanguages

B.changetheirbehavior

C.areinsearchofsocialstatus

D.areindifferentsituations

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了語(yǔ)言和人格之間的關(guān)系。

[12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“"InEnglish,myspeechisverypolite,v/itharelaxedtone,alwayssaying'please'and

'excuseme?WhenIspeakGreek,Istarttalkingmorerapidly,withatoneofanxietyandinakindofrude

way…”（"在英語(yǔ)中，我說(shuō)話(huà)很有禮貌，語(yǔ)氣很輕松，總是說(shuō)‘請(qǐng)'和'不好意思‘。'當(dāng)我說(shuō)希臘語(yǔ)的時(shí)

候，我開(kāi)始說(shuō)得更快了，帶著一種焦慮的語(yǔ)氣和一種粗魯?shù)姆绞健保奔跋挛目赏茢?，第一段的作用?/p>

介紹文章的主題一一語(yǔ)言和人格之間的關(guān)系,故選B。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Inmybookonbilingualism.LifewithTwoLanguages,Inotedfirstofallthat

monocullural（單文化的）bilingualswhomakeupthemajorityofbilingualsintheworldarenotreallyaffectedbythis

phenomenon.Althoughbi-ormultilingual,（heyareinfactmembersofjustoneculture.Butwhataboutbicultural

bilinguals?Iproposedthatwhatisseenasachangeinpersonalityismostprobablysimplyashiftinattitudesand

behaviorsthatcorrespondtoashiftinsituationorcontext,independentoflanguage.Basically,thebicjltural

bilingualsinacademicstudieswerebehavingbicultural,thatis,adaptingtothecontexttheywerein.Different

contextsanddomainstriggerdifferentimpressions,attitudesandbehaviors.（在我關(guān)于雙語(yǔ)的書(shū)《雙語(yǔ)生活》中，

我首先指出，單一文化的雙語(yǔ)者在世界上占大多數(shù)，他們并沒(méi)有真正受到這種現(xiàn)象的影響。盡管他們會(huì)說(shuō)

兩種或多種語(yǔ)言，但實(shí)際上他們只是同一種文化的成員。但是雙文化雙語(yǔ)者呢?我提出，所謂的性格變化很

可能只是態(tài)度和行為的轉(zhuǎn)變，與環(huán)境或環(huán)境的轉(zhuǎn)變相對(duì)應(yīng)，與語(yǔ)言無(wú)關(guān)?；旧?，學(xué)術(shù)研究中的雙文化雙

語(yǔ)者表現(xiàn)為雙文化，也就是說(shuō)，適應(yīng)他們所處的環(huán)境。不同的語(yǔ)境和領(lǐng)域會(huì)引發(fā)不同的印象、態(tài)度和行為。）”

可知，本段主要講了“人格轉(zhuǎn)變”的真相。故選D。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InEnglish,myspeechisverypolite,w.tharelaxedtone,alwayssaying'please,and

'excuseme.’（在英語(yǔ)中,我說(shuō)話(huà)很有禮貌，語(yǔ)氣很輕松，總是說(shuō)‘請(qǐng)'和‘不好意思。'）”可知,說(shuō)話(huà)人在

說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)都很有禮貌。故選C。

[15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Basically,thebiculturalbilingualsinacademicstudieswerebehavingbicultural,thatis,

adaptingtothecontexttheywerein.Differentcontextsanddomainstriggerdifferentimpressions,attitudesand

behaviors.（基本上，學(xué)術(shù)研究中的雙文化雙語(yǔ)者表現(xiàn)為雙文化，也就是說(shuō)，適應(yīng)他們所處的環(huán)境。不同的語(yǔ)

境和領(lǐng)域會(huì)引發(fā)不同的印象、態(tài)度和行為。）"uItistheenvironment,theculture,andthepeopleone

talkstothatcausebiculturalbilingualstochangeattitudes,feelingsandbehaviors（alongwithlanguage）-andnottheir

languageassuch.（是環(huán)境、文化和淡話(huà)對(duì)象導(dǎo)致雙文化雙語(yǔ)者改變態(tài)度、感受和行為（以及語(yǔ)言）一而不是

他們的語(yǔ)言本身。）”可知，雙文叱雙語(yǔ)者在不同情況下會(huì)改變態(tài)度。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12?5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

TopTipsonStayingWarmerinColderMonths

Withtherisingcostoflivingaffectingailofus,stayingwarmerthiswinterfeelslikeit'sgoingtobeadifficult

task.Thegovernmenthasalreadybroughtinmeasurestohelpwiththecostofliving.16.Readonforsome

smalltipsthatcouldmakeabigdifferenceandhelpyoustaywarmerincoldermonths.

Lovelayers

Ratherthansnugglingintoonebigjumper,thinkaboutwearingplentyofthinlayersinstead.17Itacts

asaninsulator（絕緣體）-keepingyouwarmerthanifyoujustworeonethickone.Don'tforgetthethennalunderwear

whenit'sreallychilly.Clothesmadefromwoolandcottonarethewannest.

Warmfromtheinsideout

Winterisagreattimeforrustlingupsoupsandstews,butevenabowlofhotporridgecansetyouupfrom

breakfastonwards.Eatinghot,nutritiousdishescankeepyouwarmandhealthy.18

Heatcarefully

Ifyou'reabletoheatallofyourrooms,keepyourmainlivingroomat18-21C（64-70TF）andtherestofyour

housearound16℃（61°F）.19Heatthelivingroomduringthedayandthebedroomjustbeforeyougoto

sleep.Anddon'lfbrgettohaveyourheatingsystemservicedregularlytomakesureit'sworkingwell.

20

Stayingactiveisgoodforyourhealthingeneral,butifitistoocoldtowalkoutside,thencatchinguponthe

householdchoresisagreatwayofmakingsureyou'regettingupandabout.Evenlightexercisecankeepyouwarm,

sograbthatvacuumcleanerorduster,getmovingandmakeyourhouseshine.

A.Dothehousework

B.Exerciseregularly

C.Giventhepriceoffuel,ifthisisn'tpossible,beselective

D.However,therearestillotherthingsyoucandotokeeptheheatin

E.Therefore,trytoeatatleastonehotmealadaywithregularhotdrinks

F.Multiplethinlayersallowwarmairtobecometrappedbetweenthelayers

G.Alongwithlayers,makesureyouwrapupinascarf,hatandgloveswhenyouareoutside.

【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.C20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些小技巧能夠幫助讀者在寒冷的日子里保持溫暖。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Wilhtherisingcostoflivingaffectingallofus,stayingwarmerthiswinterfeelslikeit'sgoingtobea

difficulttask.Thegovernmenthasalreadybroughtinmeasurestohelpwiththecostofliving.（隨著生活成木的上漲

影響著我們所有人，在這個(gè)冬天保持溫暖似乎將是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。政府已經(jīng)采取措施幫助降低生活成本。）”

可知，政府已經(jīng)采取了措施幫助人們降低生活成本：而下文uReadonforsomesmalltipsthatcouldmakeabig

differenceandhelpyoustaywarmerincoldermonths.（下面這些小技巧可以讓你在寒冷的月份里保持溫暖。）”

可知，作者認(rèn)為政府的措施是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。選項(xiàng)D“However,therearcstillotherthingsyoucandotokeepthe

heatin（然而，你仍然可以做一些其他的事情來(lái)保持熱量）”承上啟下，與上下文內(nèi)容一致。故選D。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空前aRatherthansnugglingintoonebigjumper,thinkaboutwearingplentyofthinlayersinstead.（與其蜷縮

在一件大毛衣里，不如多穿幾層薄的。）”可知，作者建議讀者多穿幾件薄的衣服。而空后“Itactsasan

insulator（絕緣體）-keepingyouwarmerthanifyoujustworeonethickone.（它就像一個(gè)絕緣體讓你比只穿一

件厚衣服更暖和。）”則解釋了為什么多穿幾件薄衣服會(huì)比只穿一件厚衣服暖和的原因。選項(xiàng)F-Multiplethin

layersallowwarmairtobecometrappedbetweenthelayers（多件薄