2025年考研英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)測(cè)試考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIClozeDirections:Readthefollowingtextcarefully,thencompletethepassagebelowwiththewordsprovided.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Itisoftenassumedthatdigitaltechnologyhasmadecommunicationinstantaneousandhasthereforeeliminatedtheneedforwrittencorrespondence.However,acloserexaminationrevealsaratherdifferentpicture.Whileemailandinstantmessagingdofacilitaterapidinformationexchange,theyoftenlacktheformalityandpersonaltouchoftraditionalletters.Moreover,thesheervolumeofdigitalcommunicationcanbeoverwhelming,leadingtoinformationoverloadandadecreaseintheperceivedvalueofcarefullycraftedmessages.Infact,thepersistenceofhandwrittenlettersandformalemailsinprofessionalsettingssuggeststhatthereremainsasignificantplaceforwrittencommunicationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.Thisispartlybecausewrittenmessagesallowforgreaterclarityandthoughtfulness,enablingthesendertoorganizetheirthoughtsmoreeffectivelyandtherecipienttoprocesstheinformationattheirownpace.Additionally,writtencommunicationprovidesatangiblerecordthatcanbereferredbackto,whichisoftencrucialinbusinessandlegalcontexts.Therefore,whiledigitalcommunicationhasundoubtedlytransformedthewayweinteract,ithasnotentirelyreplacedtheuniqueadvantagesofferedbywrittencorrespondence.witness/whereas/facilitate/tangible/consequentlyPartIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theconceptof"mentalmodels"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,particularlyinthefieldsofbusinessmanagementandpersonaldevelopment.Amentalmodel,inessence,isaninternalrepresentationofhowweunderstandtheworldaroundus.Thesemodelsshapeourperceptions,influenceourdecisions,andultimatelydetermineouroutcomes.Themosteffectiveindividualsandorganizationsarethosewhopossessaccurateandcomprehensivementalmodels,allowingthemtonavigatecomplexsituationswithgreatereaseandmakemoreinformedchoices.Developingrobustmentalmodelsrequiresaconsciousefforttochallengeourexistingassumptions,seekoutdiverseperspectives,andlearnfrombothsuccessesandfailures.Itinvolvesquestioningtheunderlyingprinciplesthatgovernourthinkingandbeingopentonewideasthatmaycontradictourcurrentunderstanding.Thisprocessisnotalwayseasy,asitoftenrequiresustoconfrontourcognitivebiasesandembraceamorehumbleapproachtolearning.However,therewardsofcultivatingstrongmentalmodelsarewellworththeeffort.Byrefiningourinternalframeworks,wecanbetteranticipatefuturetrends,solveproblemsmorecreatively,andbuildmoreresilientandsuccessfulcareersandbusinesses.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeycharacteristicofindividualswitheffectivementalmodels?A)Theyarelessopentonewideasandperspectives.B)Theyrelyheavilyonintuitionratherthananalysis.C)Theypossessaclearandcomprehensiveunderstandingoftheworld.D)Theyaremoreresistanttochangeandlessadaptable.Thepassagesuggeststhatdevelopingrobustmentalmodelsinvolveswhichofthefollowing?A)Ignoringcognitivebiasesandstickingtoestablishedbeliefs.B)Focusingsolelyonsuccessesandavoidingreflectiononfailures.C)Challengingassumptionsandbeingopentolearningfromdiversesources.D)Minimizingtheroleofintuitionindecision-makingprocesses.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A)Toargueagainsttherelevanceofmentalmodelsinmodernbusiness.B)Tohighlightthechallengesofdevelopingaccuratementalmodels.C)Toexplaintheconceptofmentalmodelsandtheirimportance.D)Topromoteaspecificmethodforcultivatingmentalmodels.Passage2Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedwidespreadconcernaboutitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.ProponentsofAIarguethatwhileitwillundoubtedlyautomatecertaintasks,itwillalsocreatenewjobopportunitiesandincreaseproductivityinvarioussectors.Theypointtohistoricalprecedentswheretechnologicaladvancements,suchastheIndustrialRevolution,ultimatelyledtothecreationofmorejobsthantheydisplaced.However,criticsofAIwarnthatthepaceofautomationmayoutstriptheabilityoftheworkforcetoadapt,leadingtosignificantjoblossesandincreasedincomeinequality.Theyarguethatcertainjobs,particularlythoseinvolvingcomplexdecision-makingorinterpersonalinteraction,arelesslikelytobeautomatedandmayevenbecomemorevaluableintheageofAI.Regardlessofwhichperspectiveisultimatelyprovencorrect,itisclearthattheintegrationofAIintotheworkplacewillrequireaproactiveapproachfrombothgovernmentsandbusinesses.ThisincludesinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramstohelpworkersdeveloptheskillsneededtothriveinanAI-driveneconomy,aswellasimplementingpoliciestosupportthosewhomaybedisplacedbyautomation.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)ThehistoricalimpactoftheIndustrialRevolutiononthejobmarket.B)ThepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksofAIintheworkplace.C)TheroleofgovernmentinregulatingthedevelopmentofAItechnology.D)Theimportanceofinterpersonalskillsintheageofautomation.Theword"precedents"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ExamplesB)CausesC)ConsequencesD)ReactionsAccordingtothepassage,whatisoneconcernraisedbycriticsofAI?A)AIwillleadtoanincreaseinproductivitywithoutcreatingnewjobs.B)Workerswillbeunabletoadapttothechangingjobmarket.C)AIwillprimarilyautomatejobsinvolvingsimplerepetitivetasks.D)TheintegrationofAIwillprimarilybenefithigh-skilledworkers.Passage3Inrecentdecades,therehasbeenagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceofsustainabledevelopment.Thisconcept,whichemphasizesmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds,hasgainedtractionatboththeglobalandlocallevels.Theurgencyofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeenunderscoredbyarangeofenvironmentalchallenges,includingclimatechange,biodiversityloss,andresourcedepletion.Theseissueshavefar-reachingconsequencesforecosystems,economies,andsocietiesaroundtheworld.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividualsworkingtogethertoadoptmoresustainablepractices.Thisincludesinvestinginrenewableenergysources,promotingconservationefforts,andencouragingthedevelopmentofcirculareconomiesthatminimizewasteandmaximizeresourceefficiency.Whilethepathtosustainabledevelopmentmaybechallenging,itisessentialforensuringahealthyplanetandaprosperousfutureforall.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A)Tocriticizethecurrentrateofresourcedepletionworldwide.B)Tooutlinethekeycomponentsofsustainabledevelopment.C)Toargueagainstthenecessityofsustainabledevelopmentpractices.D)Todescribethenegativeimpactsofclimatechangeonglobalecosystems.Thephrase"underscoredby"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)EmphasizedbyB)ContradictedbyC)NeglectedbyD)ExplainedbyAccordingtothepassage,whatisoneexampleofasustainablepractice?A)Relyingheavilyonfossilfuel-basedenergysources.B)Increasingresourceconsumptiontodriveeconomicgrowth.C)Investinginrenewableenergyandcirculareconomies.D)Focusingonshort-termeconomicgainswithoutconsideringenvironmentalimpacts.Passage4Theriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicateandconsumeinformation.Whilesocialmediaplatformsoffernumerousbenefits,suchastheabilitytoconnectwithothersandaccessawealthofinformation,theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthespreadofmisinformationanddisinformation,whichcanhaveseriousconsequencesforindividualsandsociety.Theeasewithwhichfalseinformationcanbesharedonsocialmediaplatformshasledtoconcernsaboutitsimpactonpublicopinion,politicalprocesses,andevenpublichealth.Additionally,thephenomenonof"echochambers"and"filterbubbles,"whereindividualsareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatreinforcestheirexistingbeliefs,cancontributetopolarizationandalackofunderstandingbetweendifferentgroups.Despitethesechallenges,itisimportanttorecognizethatsocialmediaisnotinherentlynegative.Itcanbeapowerfultoolforpositivechange,socialactivism,andcommunitybuilding.Thekeyliesindevelopingtheskillsandcriticalthinkingabilitiesnecessarytonavigatethecomplexinformationlandscapeofthedigitalage.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Socialmediaplatformsshouldbecompletelybannedduetotheirnegativeeffects.B)Theriseofsocialmediahasonlyhadpositiveimpactsonsociety.C)Socialmediapresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesinthedigitalage.D)Thespreadofmisinformationonsocialmediaisnotasignificantconcern.Theword"phenomenon"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ProblemB)BehaviorC)EventD)ConceptAccordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialpositiveimpactofsocialmedia?A)Itencouragesthespreadofmisinformationanddisinformation.B)Itcreatesechochambersthatlimitexposuretodiverseviewpoints.C)Itprovidesaplatformforpositivechangeandsocialactivism.D)Itleadstoincreasedpolarizationandalackofunderstandingbetweendifferentgroups.PartIIITranslationDirections:PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.隨著全球化進(jìn)程的不斷深入，文化交流日益頻繁，不同文化之間的碰撞與融合也愈發(fā)顯著。在跨文化交流中，尊重和理解顯得尤為重要。只有秉持開(kāi)放包容的心態(tài)，才能真正欣賞和吸收其他文化的優(yōu)秀成果，促進(jìn)文明的交流互鑒。同時(shí)，我們也應(yīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到，文化交流并非一帆風(fēng)順，可能會(huì)遇到誤解和沖突。因此，提升跨文化溝通能力，學(xué)習(xí)不同文化的溝通方式，對(duì)于促進(jìn)和諧共處至關(guān)重要。PartIVWritingDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Intheessay,youshoulddescribethepictureandinterpretitsmeaning,andthengiveyoursuggestions.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotwritethewords"Inthepicture"or"Thepicture"atthebeginningofyouressay.Donotwriteyournameoranyotherinformationontheanswersheet.[PictureDescription:Apersonstandingatacrossroads,lookingpuzzledandhesitant,withfourdifferentpathsleadinginvariousdirections.]試卷答案PartIClozewitnesswhereasfacilitatetangibleconsequentlyPartIIReadingComprehensionPassage11.C解析思路：根據(jù)第一段第二句"Themosteffectiveindividualsandorganizationsarethosewhopossessaccurateandcomprehensivementalmodels,allowingthemtonavigatecomplexsituationswithgreatereaseandmakemoreinformedchoices."可知，擁有有效心智模型的人能夠更好地理解世界，這與選項(xiàng)C"Theypossessaclearandcomprehensiveunderstandingoftheworld."（他們擁有對(duì)世界的清晰和全面的理解）意思一致。2.C解析思路：根據(jù)第二段前兩句"Developingrobustmentalmodelsrequiresaconsciousefforttochallengeourexistingassumptions,seekoutdiverseperspectives,andlearnfrombothsuccessesandfailures."可知，發(fā)展強(qiáng)大的心智模型需要挑戰(zhàn)現(xiàn)有假設(shè)，尋求多元視角，并從成功和失敗中學(xué)習(xí)。這與選項(xiàng)C"Challengingassumptionsandbeingopentolearningfromdiversesources."（挑戰(zhàn)假設(shè)，并開(kāi)放地學(xué)習(xí)多元來(lái)源）意思一致。3.C解析思路：文章首段提出心智模型的概念及其重要性，第二段闡述如何發(fā)展心智模型，第三段說(shuō)明心智模型的益處。全文圍繞心智模型的概念、重要性及發(fā)展進(jìn)行論述，因此其主要目的是解釋心智模型的概念及其重要性。這與選項(xiàng)C"Toexplaintheconceptofmentalmodelsandtheirimportance."（解釋心智模型的概念及其重要性）意思一致。Passage21.B解析思路：文章首段提出AI對(duì)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的影響存在兩種觀(guān)點(diǎn)，第二段分別闡述了支持者和反對(duì)者的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。因此，文章的主要話(huà)題是AI在職場(chǎng)中的潛在利弊。這與選項(xiàng)B"ThepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksofAIintheworkplace."（AI在職場(chǎng)中的潛在利弊）意思一致。2.A解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第一句"Theypointtohistoricalprecedentswheretechnologicaladvancements,suchastheIndustrialRevolution,ultimatelyledtothecreationofmorejobsthantheydisplaced."中的"precedents"指的是"historicalexamples"（歷史例子）。這與選項(xiàng)A"Examples"（例子）意思一致。3.B解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句"However,criticsofAIwarnthatthepaceofautomationmayoutstriptheabilityoftheworkforcetoadapt,leadingtosignificantjoblossesandincreasedincomeinequality."可知，AI的批評(píng)者警告說(shuō)，自動(dòng)化速度可能會(huì)超過(guò)勞動(dòng)力適應(yīng)的能力，導(dǎo)致大量失業(yè)和收入不平等加劇。這與選項(xiàng)B"Workerswillbeunabletoadapttothechangingjobmarket."（工人將無(wú)法適應(yīng)變化的工作市場(chǎng)）意思一致。Passage31.B解析思路：文章首段提出可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念及其重要性，第二段闡述了可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，第三段提出了應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)的方法。全文圍繞可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵組成部分進(jìn)行論述，因此其主要目的是概述可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵組成部分。這與選項(xiàng)B"Tooutlinethekeycomponentsofsustainabledevelopment."（概述可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵組成部分）意思一致。2.A解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第一句"Theurgencyofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeenunderscoredbyarangeofenvironmentalchallenges,includingclimatechange,biodiversityloss,andresourcedepletion."中的"underscoredby"指的是"emphasizedby"（強(qiáng)調(diào)）。這與選項(xiàng)A"Emphasizedby"（強(qiáng)調(diào)）意思一致。3.C解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第二句"Thisincludesinvestinginrenewableenergysources,promotingconservationefforts,andencouragingthedevelopmentofcirculareconomiesthatminimizewasteandmaximizeresourceefficiency."可知，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一種實(shí)踐是投資可再生能源，促進(jìn)保護(hù)工作，并鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)。這與選項(xiàng)C"Investinginrenewableenergyandcirculareconomies."（投資可再生能源和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)）意思一致。Passage41.C解析思路：文章首段指出社交媒體的興起改變了我們的溝通和信息消費(fèi)方式，既有好處也有壞處。第二段和第三段分別闡述了社交媒體的壞處，如虛假信息的傳播和回聲室效應(yīng)。因此，文章的主要意思是社交媒體在數(shù)字時(shí)代既帶來(lái)了機(jī)會(huì)也帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)。這與選項(xiàng)C"Socialmediapresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesinthedigitalage."（社交媒體在數(shù)字時(shí)代既帶來(lái)了機(jī)會(huì)也帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)）意思一致。2.D解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第一句"Thephenomenonof'echochambers'and'filterbubbles,'whereindividualsareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatreinforcestheirexistingbeliefs,cancontributetopolarizationandalackofunderstandingbetweendifferentgroups."中的"phenomenon"指的是"concept"（概念）。這與選項(xiàng)D"Concept"（概念）意思一致。3.C解析思路：根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Thekeyliesindevelopingtheskillsandcriticalthinkingabilitiesnecessarytonavigatethecomplexinformationlandscapeofthedigitalage."可知，社交媒體可以是一個(gè)積極的工具，可以用于積極的變革、社會(huì)活動(dòng)和社區(qū)建設(shè)。這與選項(xiàng)C"Itprovidesaplatformforpositivechangeandsocialactivism."（它提供了一個(gè)平臺(tái)，用于積極的變革和社會(huì)活動(dòng)）意思一致。PartIIITranslationWiththecontinuousdeepeningoftheprocessofglobalization,culturalexchangeshavebecomeincreasinglyfrequent,andthecollisionandintegrationofdifferentcultureshavealsobecomemoreprominent.Incross-culturalcommunication,respectandunderstandingareparticularlyimportant.Onlywithanopenandinclusiveattitudecanwetruly