2025年考研英語真題同義替換精析卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitssocietalimpact.ProponentsarguethatAIwillsignificantlyenhanceproductivity,automatemundanetasks,andunlocknewpossibilitiesacrossvarioussectors,fromhealthcaretotransportation.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAIsystemsoptimizecomplexprocesses,leadingtounprecedentedefficiencyandinnovation.However,criticsexpressconcernaboutpotentialjobdisplacement,ethicaldilemmas,andtheconcentrationofpowerinthehandsofafewtechgiantscontrollingAIdevelopment.Theywarnthatwithoutproperregulation,AIcouldexacerbatesocialinequalitiesandevenposethreatstohumanautonomy.NavigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresabalancedapproachthatharnessesAI'sbenefitswhilemitigatingitsrisks.ThisinvolvesfosteringtransparentAIsystems,ensuringaccountability,andengaginginbroadsocietaldiscussionstoshapethefutureofAIdevelopmentinamannerthatalignswithhumanvalues.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvocatefortheimmediateadoptionofAItechnology.B.TopresentabalancedviewofthepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksofAI.C.ToargueagainsttheuseofAIinanyform.D.ToexplainthetechnicalmechanismsbehindAIdevelopment.2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsofAI?A.Increasedjobopportunitiesandwealthcreation.B.Improvedhumanhealthandenvironmentalsustainability.C.Enhancedproductivityandautomationoftasks.D.Greaterpoliticalparticipationanddemocraticengagement.3.WhatisthemainconcernexpressedbycriticsofAI?A.AIwillbecometoopowerfulandindependentofhumancontrol.B.AIwillleadtoasignificantdecreaseinglobalpopulation.C.AIwillprimarilybenefitdevelopingcountriesoverdevelopedones.D.AIwillbeunabletoperformtasksaseffectivelyashumans.4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryfortheresponsibledevelopmentofAI?A.RestrictingAIdevelopmenttoonlyafewselectcountries.B.EncouragingAIdevelopmentwithoutanyregulations.C.Fosteringtransparency,accountability,andpublicdiscussion.D.FocusingsolelyontheeconomicbenefitsofAI.5.Theword"mitigating"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.MinimizingB.IncreasingC.UnderstandingD.IgnoringPassage2Traditionalagriculturalpracticeshavelongbeencriticizedfortheirenvironmentalimpact.Theextensiveuseofchemicalfertilizers,pesticides,andherbicideshasledtosoildegradation,waterpollution,andalossofbiodiversity.Monoculturefarming,whichinvolvesgrowingasinglecropoveralargearea,hasfurtherexacerbatedtheseissuesbydepletingsoilnutrientsandmakingcropsmoresusceptibletopestsanddiseases.Incontrast,sustainableagricultureoffersamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyapproachtofoodproduction.Thisapproachemphasizestheuseoforganicfertilizers,naturalpestcontrolmethods,andcroprotationtomaintainsoilhealthandbiodiversity.Additionally,sustainableagriculturepromotestheconservationofwaterresourcesandthereductionofgreenhousegasemissions.Byadoptingsustainablefarmingpractices,farmerscanproducefoodwhileminimizingtheirenvironmentalfootprintandensuringthelong-termviabilityofagriculturalsystems.6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofagriculturaldevelopmentindifferentregions.B.Theenvironmentalconsequencesoftraditionalagriculturalpractices.C.Theeconomicbenefitsofsustainableagriculture.D.Theroleoftechnologyinmodernfarming.7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthenegativeeffectsofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides?A.Theyimprovesoilfertilityandincreasecropyields.B.Theyhavenosignificantimpactontheenvironment.C.Theycanleadtosoildegradation,waterpollution,andalossofbiodiversity.D.Theyencouragethegrowthofdiverseplantspecies.8.Whatisakeycharacteristicofsustainableagriculture?A.Theextensiveuseoflandforlarge-scalefarming.B.Therelianceonchemicalinputstomaximizecropyields.C.Thefocusonsoilhealthandbiodiversityconservation.D.Thecultivationofawidevarietyofcropssimultaneously.9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofagriculture?A.Thecontinueddominanceoftraditionalagriculturalpractices.B.Agradualshifttowardsmoresustainablefarmingmethods.C.Thecompleteeliminationofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides.D.Thereplacementoffarmerswithautomatedagriculturalmachinery.10.Theword"susceptible"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ResistantB.DependentC.VulnerableD.AwarePassage3Theconceptofculturalintelligence(CQ)hasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyearsastheglobalizednatureofbusinessandcommunicationhasincreasedtheneedforeffectivecross-culturalinteraction.CQreferstoanindividual'sabilitytounderstandandnavigateculturaldifferenceseffectively.Itinvolvesbeingawareofone'sownculturalvaluesandbiases,aswellasbeingabletoappreciateandadapttotheculturalnormsandvaluesofothers.IndividualswithhighCQarebetterequippedtobuildrelationships,communicateeffectively,andworkcollaborativelyindiverseculturalsettings.OrganizationsareincreasinglyrecognizingtheimportanceofCQandareincorporatingitintotheirtrainingprogramsanddiversityinitiatives.ByfosteringCQamongtheiremployees,organizationscancreatemoreinclusiveandproductiveworkenvironments,andtheycanbetterservetheirdiversecustomerbases.DevelopingCQrequiresself-awareness,open-mindedness,andawillingnesstolearnaboutdifferentcultures.11.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofculturalintelligenceintheworkplace.B.Thechallengesofglobalcommunicationinthemodernworld.C.Thebenefitsofdiversityinorganizations.D.Theroleofeducationinpromotingculturalunderstanding.12.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutculturalintelligence?A.Itisprimarilydeterminedbyanindividual'sinnatepersonalitytraits.B.Itisafixedskillthatcannotbedevelopedovertime.C.Itinvolvesunderstandingandnavigatingculturaldifferences.D.Itisonlyrelevantforindividualsworkingininternationalbusinesses.13.Whataresomeofthebenefitsofhighculturalintelligenceintheworkplace?A.Improvedemployeeproductivityandreducedabsenteeism.B.Enhancedcommunication,collaboration,andrelationshipbuilding.C.Increasedcompetitionandmarketsharefortheorganization.D.Greaterjobsatisfactionandlowerturnoverrates.14.Howcanorganizationsfosterculturalintelligenceamongtheiremployees?A.Byfocusingonlyonthedominantculturewithintheorganization.B.Byprovidingtrainingprogramsanddiversityinitiatives.C.Byencouragingemployeestoworkinisolationfromoneanother.D.Byhiringemployeesfromasingleculturalbackground.15.Theword"diverse"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.SimilarB.UnpredictableC.VariedD.Traditional第二部分翻譯directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbeaccurate,complete,andfluent.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.Theemergenceofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerhassignificantlytransformedtheglobalenergylandscape.Thesecleanenergyalternativesofferasustainablesolutiontotheenvironmentalchallengesposedbyfossilfuels,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.Governmentsandbusinessesaroundtheworldareincreasinglyinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructure,recognizingitspotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandcreateneweconomicopportunities.Whilethetransitiontoarenewableenergy-basedeconomypresentsnumerouschallenges,includingtheneedfornewtechnologiesandinfrastructure,thelong-termbenefitsareundeniable.Byembracingrenewableenergy,wecanbuildacleaner,moresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.第三部分完形填空directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Thenfillineachblankwiththemostappropriatewordchosenfromthefouroptionsgiven.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,capableofperforminganastonishingarrayoftasks,fromsimplecalculationstocomplexproblem-solving.1.______scientistshavelongbeenfascinatedbythebrain'scomplexityandhavestrivedtounderstanditsworkings.Recentadvancesinneurosciencehaveprovidednewinsightsintohowthebrainprocessesinformationand2.______learningoccurs.TechniquessuchasfMRIandEEGallowresearcherstoobservebrainactivityinreal-time,revealingtheintricatenetworksofneuronsthat3.______ourthoughts,emotions,andbehaviors.Despitetheseadvancements,however,muchaboutthebrainremains4.______.Forexample,theprecisemechanismsunderlyingconsciousnessandself-awarenessarestillnotfullyunderstood.Additionally,theethicalimplicationsofbrainresearch,suchasthepotentialformind-readingtechnologies,raiseimportantquestionsaboutprivacyandautonomy.Asourunderstandingofthebraincontinuestoevolve,itiscrucialthatweengageinthoughtfuldiscussionsaboutitsfutureimplicationsandensurethatthesepowerfultoolsareusedforthebettermentofhumanity.1.A.Throughout2.B.defines3.C.constitute4.D.mysterious5.Theword"intricate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.SimpleB.ComplexC.LinearD.Ordinary6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutbrainresearch?A.Itisafieldthatisnolongerofinteresttoscientists.B.Ithasprovideddefinitiveanswerstoallquestionsaboutthebrain.C.Ithasrevealedmuchabouthowthebrainworksbutstillfaceschallenges.D.Itisprimarilyfocusedondevelopingmind-readingtechnologies.7.Theword"underlying"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ExposingB.CausingC.HiddenD.Influencing8.Whatisthemainconcernraisedaboutbrainresearchinthepassage?A.Itmayleadtothelossofindividuality.B.Itistooexpensiveandnotcost-effective.C.Itcouldcompromiseindividualprivacyandautonomy.D.Itmayresultinthebrainbeingcontrolledbyexternalforces.9.Theword"autonomy"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.DependenceB.CreativityC.IndependenceD.Cooperation10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofbrainresearch?A.Itwillfocussolelyonclinicalapplications.B.Itwillcontinuetofaceethicalchallenges.C.Itwillbecomelessimportantasotherfieldsdevelop.D.Itwillleadtothecreationofartificialbrainsthatsurpasshumanintelligence.試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.B解析思路：文章首段提出了AI的爭議，既有人支持也有人反對，接著分別闡述了支持和反對的理由。第二段則指出需要平衡地看待AI，既要利用好處又要減少風險。因此，文章的目的是全面地呈現(xiàn)AI的利弊，故B選項“呈現(xiàn)AI的潛在益處和缺點的平衡觀點”與文章主旨最契合。2.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第一段“ProponentsarguethatAIwillsignificantlyenhanceproductivity,automatemundanetasks,andunlocknewpossibilitiesacrossvarioussectors,fromhealthcaretotransportation.”，支持者認為AI將顯著提高生產(chǎn)力，自動化繁瑣的任務，并在醫(yī)療保健、交通等各個領域開辟新的可能性。因此，C選項“提高生產(chǎn)力并自動化任務”是AI的一些潛在好處。3.A解析思路：根據(jù)文章第一段“However,criticsexpressconcernaboutpotentialjobdisplacement,ethicaldilemmas,andtheconcentrationofpowerinthehandsofafewtechgiantscontrollingAIdevelopment.”，批評者擔心的是潛在的失業(yè)、道德困境以及少數(shù)科技巨頭控制AI發(fā)展而導致的權力集中。因此，A選項“AI將變得過于強大且脫離人類控制”是批評者的主要擔憂。4.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段“NavigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresabalancedapproachthatharnessesAI'sbenefitswhilemitigatingitsrisks.ThisinvolvesfosteringtransparentAIsystems,ensuringaccountability,andengaginginbroadsocietaldiscussionstoshapethefutureofAIdevelopmentinamannerthatalignswithhumanvalues.”，作者認為，要負責任地發(fā)展AI，需要采取平衡的方法，利用AI的好處，同時減少其風險。這包括培養(yǎng)透明的AI系統(tǒng)，確保問責制，并參與廣泛的社會討論，以以符合人類價值觀的方式塑造AI發(fā)展的未來。因此，C選項“培養(yǎng)透明度、問責制和公共討論”是作者認為對負責任地發(fā)展AI所必需的。5.A解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“mitigatingitsrisks”意為減輕其風險。A選項“最小化”與“減輕”意思最接近。6.B解析思路：文章主要討論了傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐對環(huán)境的影響，以及可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)作為一種更環(huán)保的替代方法的優(yōu)點。因此，B選項“傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐對環(huán)境的影響的環(huán)境后果”是文章的主要主題。7.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段“Traditionalagriculturalpracticeshavelongbeencriticizedfortheirenvironmentalimpact.Theextensiveuseofchemicalfertilizers,pesticides,andherbicideshasledtosoildegradation,waterpollution,andalossofbiodiversity.”，化學肥料、殺蟲劑和除草劑的大量使用導致了土壤退化、水污染和生物多樣性喪失。因此，C選項“它們會導致土壤退化、水污染和生物多樣性喪失”是化學肥料和殺蟲劑的一些負面影響的正確描述。8.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第三段“Sustainableagricultureoffersamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyapproachtofoodproduction.Thisapproachemphasizestheuseoforganicfertilizers,naturalpestcontrolmethods,andcroprotationtomaintainsoilhealthandbiodiversity.”，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)強調(diào)使用有機肥料、自然病蟲害防治方法和輪作來保持土壤健康和生物多樣性。因此，C選項“關注土壤健康和生物多樣性保護”是可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的一個關鍵特征。9.B解析思路：文章最后一句“Thetransitiontoarenewableenergy-basedeconomypresentsnumerouschallenges,includingtheneedfornewtechnologiesandinfrastructure,thelong-termbenefitsareundeniable.”表明，向基于可再生能源的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)，包括對新技術和基礎設施的需求，但長期效益是不可否認的。這意味著未來農(nóng)業(yè)將逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向更可持續(xù)的耕作方法。因此，B選項“逐步轉(zhuǎn)向更可持續(xù)的耕作方法”是對未來農(nóng)業(yè)的合理推測。10.C解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“susceptibletopestsanddiseases”意為容易受到害蟲和疾病的侵襲。C選項“易受攻擊的”與“容易受到...的侵襲”意思最接近。11.A解析思路：文章主要討論了文化智能（CQ）的概念及其在職場中的重要性。首先定義了CQ，然后講述了CQ的優(yōu)勢，最后提到了企業(yè)和組織如何培養(yǎng)員工的CQ。因此，A選項“文化智能在職場中的重要性”是文章的主要焦點。12.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段“CQreferstoanindividual'sabilitytounderstandandnavigateculturaldifferenceseffectively.Itinvolvesbeingawareofone'sownculturalvaluesandbiases,aswellasbeingabletoappreciateandadapttotheculturalnormsandvaluesofothers.”，文化智能是指個人有效理解和應對文化差異的能力。它包括意識到自己的文化價值觀和偏見，以及能夠欣賞和適應當?shù)氐奈幕?guī)范和價值觀。因此，C選項“理解和應對文化差異”是對文化智能的正確描述。13.B解析思路：根據(jù)文章第三段“IndividualswithhighCQarebetterequippedtobuildrelationships,communicateeffectively,andworkcollaborativelyindiverseculturalsettings.”，具有高文化智能的個人更有能力在多元化的文化環(huán)境中建立關系、有效溝通和協(xié)作。因此，B選項“增強溝通、協(xié)作和關系建立”是高文化智能在職場中的一些好處。14.B解析思路：根據(jù)文章最后一段“OrganizationsareincreasinglyrecognizingtheimportanceofCQandareincorporatingitintotheirtrainingprogramsanddiversityinitiatives.ByfosteringCQamongtheiremployees,organizationscancreatemoreinclusiveandproductiveworkenvironments,andtheycanbetterservetheirdiversecustomerbases.”，組織越來越認識到文化智能的重要性，并將其納入其培訓計劃和多元化計劃中。通過培養(yǎng)員工的CQ，組織可以創(chuàng)造更包容和高效的工作環(huán)境，并更好地服務其多元化的客戶群。因此，B選項“提供培訓計劃和文化多元化計劃”是組織培養(yǎng)員工文化智能的方法。15.C解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“diverseculturalsettings”意為多元化的文化環(huán)境。C選項“多樣的”與“多元化的”意思最接近。第二部分翻譯Theemergenceofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerhassignificantlytransformedtheglobalenergylandscape.Thesecleanenergyalternativesofferasustainablesolutiontotheenvironmentalchallengesposedbyfossilfuels,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.Governmentsandbusinessesaroundtheworldareincreasinglyinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructure,recognizingitspotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandcreateneweconomicopportunities.Whilethetransitiontoarenewableenergy-basedeconomypresentsnumerouschallenges,includingtheneedfornewtechnologiesandinfrastructure,thelong-termbenefitsareundeniable.Byembracingrenewableenergy,weca