2025年考研英語閱讀理解專項訓練（附答案）考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解（一）Theinternet,arevolutionarytechnologythathasfundamentallyreshapedmodernsociety,continuestoevolveatanunprecedentedpace.Whileofferingunparalleledconnectivityandaccesstoinformation,italsopresentssignificantchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmentalhealth.Theconstantbarrageofcuratedcontent,coupledwiththepressuretomaintainanidealizedonlinepersona,cancontributetoheightenedanxiety,depression,andfeelingsofinadequacyamongusers.Thisphenomenon,oftenreferredtoas"socialmediafatigue,"highlightsthecomplexrelationshipbetweentechnologyandpsychologicalwell-being.Proponentsofsocialmediaarguethatitfosterssocialconnectionandprovidesplatformsforself-expressionandcommunitybuilding.Formanyindividuals,especiallythosewhoaregeographicallyisolatedorbelongtomarginalizedgroups,onlinespacesoffervitalopportunitiestoconnectwithotherswhosharesimilarexperiencesorinterests.Theseplatformscanserveassourcesofsupport,information,andevenactivism,empoweringuserstofindtheirvoicesandeffectchange.However,thedarkersideoftheonlineworldcannotbeignored.Thephenomenonof"cancelculture,"whereindividualsarepubliclyshamedandostracizedforperceivedtransgressions,hasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Thiscancreateachillingeffectonfreeexpressionandleadtoprofoundpsychologicaldistressforthosetargeted.Moreover,theeasewithwhichmisinformationanddisinformationcanspreadonlinehasfueledpolarizationanderodedtrustininstitutions,furtherexacerbatingsocietaltensions.Aswenavigatethedigitallandscape,itiscrucialtodevelophealthyonlinehabits.Thisincludesbeingmindfuloftheamountoftimespentonscreens,curatingone'sfeedtoprioritizepositiveandinformativecontent,andengagingincriticalconsumptionofonlineinformation.Itisalsoimportanttocultivatedigitalliteracyskills,enablingindividualstodiscerncrediblesourcesfromfabricatedonesandtoengageinrespectfulonlineinteractions.Ultimately,fosteringahealthierrelationshipwiththeinternetrequiresacollectiveeffortfromusers,platformdevelopers,andpolicymakerstocreateadigitalenvironmentthatpromoteswell-beingandinclusivity.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialbenefitsofsocialmedia?3.Theword"ostracized"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasawaytodevelophealthyonlinehabits?5.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingisachallengeassociatedwithcancelculture?（二）Theconceptof"glocalization,"aportmanteauof"globalization"and"localization,"referstotheadaptationofglobalproducts,services,ormessagestosuitlocalculturesandpreferences.Thisstrategyhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantintoday'sinterconnectedworld,wheremultinationalcorporationsmustnavigatediverseculturallandscapestosucceed.Glocalizationrecognizesthatwhileglobalizationcreatesopportunitiesforwidespreadreach,localcontextiscrucialformeaningfulengagementandlong-termsustainability.Aprimeexampleofsuccessfulglocalizationcanbeseeninthefoodindustry.Fast-foodgiantslikeMcDonald'shaveadaptedtheirmenusacrossdifferentcountriestocatertolocaltastes.InIndia,thecompanyoffersawiderangeofvegetarianoptions,includingtheMcAlooTikkiburger,whileinJapan,McDonald'sintroducesitemsliketheTeriyakiMcBurgertoappealtolocalpalates.Thiswillingnesstoaccommodatelocalpreferencesdemonstratesthepotentialbenefitsofglocalization,includingincreasedcustomersatisfactionandmarketshare.Anotherareawhereglocalizationisevidentisintherealmofmarketingandadvertising.Globalbrandsoftentailortheircampaignstoresonatewithlocalaudiences.Forinstance,Coca-Cola's"ShareaCoke"campaign,whichpersonalizedbottleswithpopularnamesandphrases,wasadaptedinvariouscountriesbyincorporatinglocallanguages,slang,andculturalreferences.Thisapproachhelpedthecompanytoconnectwithconsumersonamorepersonallevelandfosterasenseofbelonging.However,glocalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Balancingglobalbrandconsistencywithlocaladaptationrequirescarefulplanningandexecution.Companiesmustnavigatetheriskofdilutingtheirbrandidentitywhilesimultaneouslymeetingtheneedsofdiversemarkets.Additionally,thereisthechallengeofensuringthatlocaladaptationsareculturallysensitiveanddonotperpetuatestereotypesoroffensivepractices.Despitethesechallenges,glocalizationremainsapowerfulstrategyforbusinessesoperatinginaglobalizedworld.Byrecognizingtheimportanceoflocalcontextandadaptingtheirapproachesaccordingly,companiescanbuildstrongerrelationshipswithcustomers,enhancetheirbrandreputation,andachievegreatersuccessindiversemarkets.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whyisglocalizationimportantformultinationalcorporations?8.Theword"portmanteau"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Whatexampleisusedinthepassagetoillustratesuccessfulglocalizationinthefoodindustry?10.Thepassagesuggeststhatapotentialchallengeofglocalizationis:（三）Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingvarioussectors,andeducationisnoexception.TheintegrationofAItechnologiesintolearningenvironmentsoffersthepotentialtopersonalizeeducation,improvelearningoutcomes,andstreamlineadministrativetasks.However,theincreasingpresenceofAIineducationalsoraisesimportantethicalconsiderationsthatmustbecarefullyaddressed.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIineducationispersonalization.AI-poweredlearningplatformscanadapttoindividualstudentneeds,providingcustomizedcontent,pacing,andfeedback.Thiscanhelptoaddressthediverselearningstylesandabilitieswithinaclassroom,ensuringthateachstudentreceivesthesupporttheyneedtosucceed.Forexample,AIchatbotscanprovidestudentswithinstantanswerstotheirquestions,whileadaptivelearningsoftwarecantailorexercisestotheirskilllevel.AnotherpotentialbenefitofAIistheabilitytoimprovelearningoutcomes.Byanalyzingstudentdata,AIsystemscanidentifyareaswherestudentsarestrugglingandprovidetargetedinterventions.Thiscanhelptobridgelearninggapsandimproveoverallacademicperformance.Additionally,AIcanbeusedtodevelopinnovativeteachingmethods,suchasvirtualrealitysimulationsandinteractivelearningexperiences,whichcanmakelearningmoreengagingandeffective.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,theintegrationofAIintoeducationraisesethicalconcerns.Onemajorconcernistheissueofdataprivacy.AIsystemsrelyonvastamountsofstudentdatatofunctioneffectively,raisingquestionsabouthowthisdataiscollected,stored,andused.Thereisariskthatstudentdatacouldbemisusedorexposedtosecuritybreaches,potentiallyharmingstudents'privacyandsecurity.AnotherethicalconcernisthepotentialforAItoexacerbateexistinginequalitiesineducation.IfaccesstoAI-powerededucationaltoolsislimitedtocertainschoolsorstudents,itcouldwidentheachievementgapbetweendifferentsocioeconomicgroups.Additionally,thereistheconcernthatAImightreplacehumanteachers,leadingtojoblossesandadevaluationoftheteachingprofession.AsAIcontinuestotransformeducation,itiscrucialtoengageinthoughtfuldiscussionsabouttheethicalimplicationsofitsuse.Policymakers,educators,andresearchersmustworktogethertodevelopguidelinesandbestpracticesthatensureAIisusedinaresponsibleandequitablemanner.Thisincludesaddressingissuesofdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andtheroleofhumanteachersinthefutureofeducation.11.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,howcanAIpersonalizeeducation?13.Theword"interventions"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.WhatisamajorethicalconcernrelatedtodataprivacyinthecontextofAIineducation?15.ThepassagesuggeststhatapotentialnegativeconsequenceofAIineducationis:（四）Theriseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerhasbeenoneofthemostsignificantdevelopmentsintheglobalenergylandscapeoverthepastdecade.Asconcernsaboutclimatechangeandtheenvironmentalimpactoffossilfuelshavegrown,governmentsandbusinesseshaveincreasinglyinvestedincleanenergysolutions.Thisshifttowardsrenewableenergyisnotonlydrivenbyenvironmentalconsiderationsbutalsobyeconomicfactors,suchasthedecliningcostsofsolarpanelsandwindturbines.Despitetherapidgrowthofrenewableenergy,itisstillfacingseveralchallenges.Onemajorchallengeistheissueofintermittency.Solarpower,forexample,isonlygeneratedwhenthesunisshining,andwindpowerisdependentonwindconditions.Thismeansthatrenewableenergysourcesarenotalwaysavailablewhenneeded,creatinganeedforenergystoragesolutionsandbackuppowersources.Developingcost-effectiveandefficientenergystoragetechnologiesiscrucialforensuringareliableandstableenergysupply.Anotherchallengeistheneedforgridmodernization.Theexistingelectricalgridswereprimarilydesignedtohandlethesteadyflowofelectricityfromcentralizedpowerplants.Integratinglargeamountsofrenewableenergyintothesegridsrequiressignificantupgradesandinvestmentstoensurereliabilityandefficiency.Thisincludesdevelopingsmartgridsthatcandynamicallymanagetheflowofelectricityandadapttochangingconditions.Furthermore,thetransitiontorenewableenergyalsoraisesconcernsaboutenergysecurityandaffordability.Whilerenewableenergysourcesarebecomingincreasinglycost-competitivewithfossilfuels,theinitialinvestmentrequiredforinfrastructuredevelopmentcanbesubstantial.Thiscanbeasignificantbarrierforcountrieswithlimitedfinancialresources.Additionally,therelianceonimportedrenewableenergytechnologies,suchasrareearthmineralsusedinwindturbines,cancreatevulnerabilitiesinthesupplychain.Despitethesechallenges,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisinevitableandnecessaryforasustainablefuture.Continuedinnovationinenergystorage,gridtechnology,andrenewableenergysourceswillbecrucialforovercomingtheseobstacles.Governments,businesses,andresearchersmustcollaboratetoacceleratethedevelopmentanddeploymentofcleanenergysolutions,ensuringareliable,affordable,andenvironmentallyfriendlyenergyfutureforgenerationstocome.16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantchallengeassociatedwithsolarpower?18.Theword"substantial"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.Whatisonereasonwhythetransitiontorenewableenergyisconsiderednecessary?20.Thepassagesuggeststhatakeycomponentforasuccessfultransitiontorenewableenergyis:第二部分寫作21.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Othersbelievethatmoremoneyshouldbespentonpublictransportation.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解（一）1.D2.B3.C4.A5.E解析思路：1.D.主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章首先介紹了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的積極作用，然后重點闡述了其帶來的心理健康挑戰(zhàn)，如焦慮、抑郁和社會媒體疲勞，并討論了“取消文化”等問題。最后提出了一些建議。因此，文章主要目的是探討互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對心理健康的影響及其應對策略。A項（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的起源）、B項（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的積極影響）、C項（社交媒體疲勞的癥狀）和E項（如何辨別網(wǎng)絡信息）均為片面信息。2.B.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“Proponentsofsocialmediaarguethatitfosterssocialconnectionandprovidesplatformsforself-expressionandcommunitybuilding”可知，支持者認為社交媒體促進社交聯(lián)系，提供自我表達和社區(qū)建設的平臺。因此，B項（促進社交聯(lián)系）是社交媒體的一些潛在好處。3.C.詞匯題。根據(jù)上下文，“cancelculture,whereindividualsarepubliclyshamedandostracizedforperceivedtransgressions”中，“ostracized”與“publiclyshamed”并列，表示因被公開羞辱而受到排斥。C項（排斥）與其意思最接近。4.A.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段“Fosteringahealthierrelationshipwiththeinternetrequiresacollectiveeffortfromusers,platformdevelopers,andpolicymakerstocreateadigitalenvironmentthatpromoteswell-beingandinclusivity”以及“develophealthyonlinehabits”可知，作者建議從用戶自身做起，培養(yǎng)健康的上網(wǎng)習慣。A項（有意識地限制屏幕使用時間）是其中一種方式。5.E.推理題。根據(jù)第三段“thephenomenonof'cancelculture,'whereindividualsarepubliclyshamedandostracizedforperceivedtransgressions,hasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent”以及“cancreateachillingeffectonfreeexpressionandleadtoprofoundpsychologicaldistressforthosetargeted”可知，“取消文化”的普遍存在導致人們因擔心被公開羞辱而進行自我審查，這對被攻擊者造成巨大的心理壓力。E項（對言論自由的影響）是取消文化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)之一。（二）6.A7.C8.B9.D10.B解析思路：6.A.主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章首先定義了“全球本土化”的概念，然后以麥當勞和可口可樂為例說明了其在食品和營銷領域的成功應用，最后討論了其挑戰(zhàn)和意義。因此，文章主要介紹了全球本土化的概念、應用和意義。B項（全球化和本土化的區(qū)別）、C項（全球本土化的重要性）和D項（全球本土化的挑戰(zhàn)）均為片面信息。7.C.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段“Glocalizationrecognizesthatwhileglobalizationcreatesopportunitiesforwidespreadreach,localcontextiscrucialformeaningfulengagementandlong-termsustainability”可知，全球本土化認識到，雖然全球化創(chuàng)造了廣泛的reach機會，但當?shù)丨h(huán)境對于有意義的參與和長期可持續(xù)性至關(guān)重要。因此，C項（適應當?shù)匚幕h(huán)境）是跨國公司實施全球本土化的原因。8.B.詞匯題。根據(jù)第一段“'glocalization,'aportmanteauof'globalization'and'localization'”可知，“portmanteau”指由兩個或多個單詞合并而成的新詞。B項（合成詞）與其意思最接近。9.D.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“Fast-foodgiantslikeMcDonald'shaveadaptedtheirmenusacrossdifferentcountriestocatertolocaltastes.InIndia,thecompanyoffersawiderangeofvegetarianoptions,includingtheMcAlooTikkiburger,whileinJapan,McDonald'sintroducesitemsliketheTeriyakiMcBurgertoappealtolocalpalates”可知，麥當勞通過提供符合當?shù)乜谖兜牟藛蝸韺崿F(xiàn)全球本土化。D項（根據(jù)印度和日本的口味調(diào)整菜單）是其在食品行業(yè)全球本土化的例子。10.B.推理題。根據(jù)第三段“However,glocalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Balancingglobalbrandconsistencywithlocaladaptationrequirescarefulplanningandexecution”可知，全球本土化的一大挑戰(zhàn)是在保持全球品牌一致性與當?shù)剡m應之間找到平衡。B項（全球品牌與當?shù)剡m應之間的平衡）是全球本土化的一個潛在挑戰(zhàn)。（三）11.A12.B13.D14.C15.D解析思路：11.A.主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章首先介紹了人工智能在教育中的應用及其潛在益處，如個性化和提高學習成果。然后，重點討論了其在教育中應用的倫理問題，如數(shù)據(jù)隱私和加劇不平等。最后，提出了應對這些問題的建議。因此，文章主要關(guān)注人工智能在教育中的應用及其倫理問題。B項（人工智能如何提高學習成果）、C項（人工智能在教育中的倫理問題）和D項（人工智能對教育的影響）均為片面信息。12.B.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“AI-poweredlearningplatformscanadapttoindividualstudentneeds,providingcustomizedcontent,pacing,andfeedback”可知，人工智能可以通過學習平臺根據(jù)學生的個體需求調(diào)整學習內(nèi)容和進度，提供定制化的內(nèi)容、節(jié)奏和反饋。因此，B項（通過人工智能學習平臺根據(jù)學生的個體需求調(diào)整學習內(nèi)容和進度）是人工智能如何實現(xiàn)個性化教育。13.D.詞匯題。根據(jù)第三段“AIsystemscanidentifyareaswherestudentsarestrugglingandprovidetargetedinterventions”可知，“interventions”指針對學生學習困難的領域提供的幫助。D項（干預措施）與其意思最接近。14.C.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“theissueofdataprivacy.AIsystemsrelyonvastamountsofstudentdatatofunctioneffectively,raisingquestionsabouthowthisdataiscollected,stored,andused.Thereisariskthatstudentdatacouldbemisusedorexposedtosecuritybreaches,potentiallyharmingstudents'privacyandsecurity”可知，人工智能系統(tǒng)依賴于大量學生數(shù)據(jù)來運行，這引發(fā)了關(guān)于這些數(shù)據(jù)如何收集、存儲和使用的疑問，存在數(shù)據(jù)被濫用或泄露的風險，可能損害學生的隱私和安全。C項（人工智能系統(tǒng)依賴大量學生數(shù)據(jù)，存在數(shù)據(jù)被濫用或泄露的風險）是與之相關(guān)的倫理問題。15.D.推理題。根據(jù)第四段“Additionally,thereistheconcernthatAImightreplacehumanteachers,leadingtojoblossesandadevaluationoftheteachingprofession”可知，人工智能可能會取代人類教師，導致失業(yè)和