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典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess

借助于離子交換劑上的離子和水中的離子進(jìn)行交換反應(yīng)而除去水中有害離子的方法。

Amethodforremovingharmfulionsinwaterbymeansofanexchangereactionbetweentheionsontheionexchangerandtheionsinwater.離子交換法

Ionexchangemethod林忠

Lin

Zhong

主講教師

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離子

Ions離子交換站

Ionexchangestation典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess717離子交換樹脂

717ionexchangeresin制取

Preparation制取

Preparation純水

Purewater軟水

Softwater離子交換法典型應(yīng)用

Typicalapplicationsofionexchangemethod離子交換法

Ionexchangemethod工業(yè)廢水處理

Industrialwastewatertreatment回收貴重離子

Recoveryofnobleions處理放射性廢水

Radioactivewastewatertreatment處理有機(jī)廢水

Organicwastewatertreatment離子交換法

Ionexchangemethod典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法典型應(yīng)用

Typicalapplicationsofionexchangemethod離子交換法如何制取軟水？

Howtoproducesoftwaterbyionexchangemethod?典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod軟水

Softwater離子交換法

Ionexchangemethod制取

Preparation余熱鍋爐

Wasteheatboiler典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcessH20數(shù)量降低Quantityreduced置換能力降低Replacementcapacitydecreased失效

Disabled中毒

Beingpoisoned再生

Regeneration氫離子

Hydrogenion氫氧根離子

Hydroxideion

無(wú)機(jī)鹽

Inorganicsalt電離

Ionization

離子交換劑

Ionexchanger置換

Replacement陽(yáng)離子

Cation陰離子

Anion典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod強(qiáng)酸

Strongacid（HCL溶液）

(HCLsolution)強(qiáng)堿

Strongalkali（NaOH溶液）

(NaOHsolution)氫離子/氫氧根離子

Hydrogenion/hydroxideion樹脂再生

Resinregeneration電離

Ionization陰離子

Anion陽(yáng)離子

Cation流出

Outflow無(wú)機(jī)鹽

Inorganicsalt典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod離子交換法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

Advantagesanddisadvantagesofionexchangemethod去除率高、可濃縮回收有用物質(zhì)、設(shè)備較簡(jiǎn)單、操作控制容易。Highremovalrate,concentrationandrecoveryofusefulsubstances,simpleequipment,andeasyoperationandcontrol.成本高、離子交換劑品種少；對(duì)再生和再生液的處理困難。Highcostandafewvarietiesofionexchangers;difficulttotreatregenerationandregeneratedliquids.優(yōu)點(diǎn)

Advantages缺點(diǎn)

Disadvantages典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess以具體實(shí)驗(yàn)為例認(rèn)識(shí)典型流程

Takespecificexperimentsasexamplestounderstandtypicalprocesses典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法典型流程

Typicalprocedureofionexchangemethod

原水池、軟化水箱、交換柱、水泵、液體流量計(jì)、再生液投配裝置、有機(jī)玻璃交換柱、操作臺(tái)架。Rawwatertank,softenedwatertank,exchangecolumn,waterpump,liquidflowmeter,regeneratedliquiddosingdevice,organicglassexchangecolumnandoperatingbench.實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備及參數(shù)

Experimentalequipmentandparameters離子交換實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置外形圖

OutlineDiagramofIonExchangeExperimentDevices投藥瓶

Dispensingbottle交換柱

Exchangecolumn交換樹脂

Exchangeresin流量計(jì)

Flowmeter水泵

Waterpump源水箱

Rawwatertank典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess源水箱：PVC板Rawwatertank:PVCboard水泵：1WZB-35旋渦式微型自吸泵，最大流量2m3/h，最大揚(yáng)程35m，額定流量1m3/h，額定揚(yáng)程15m，額定轉(zhuǎn)速2850r/min，額定功率0.37Kw。Waterpump:1WZB-35vortexmicroself-primingpump,withthemaximumflowrateof2m3/h,themaximumliftof35m,theratedflowrateof1m3/h,theratedliftof15m,theratedspeedof2,850r/min,andtheratedpowerof0.37KW.液體流量計(jì)：LZB-6(4-40)L/h型Liquidflowmeter:LZB-6(4-40)L/htype設(shè)備參數(shù)

Deviceparameters典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法典型流程

Typicalprocedureofionexchangemethod再生液投配裝置：口玻璃瓶、閥Regeneratedliquiddosingdevice:glassbottle,andvalve交換柱：有機(jī)玻璃、內(nèi)部裝有732強(qiáng)酸性陽(yáng)離子交換樹脂（201X7強(qiáng)緘性樹脂）。Exchangecolumn:organicglasswith732strongacidiccationexchangeresin(201X7strongalkaliresin)inside.操作臺(tái)架：流量的調(diào)節(jié)、電源開關(guān)、泵開關(guān)等，按下開關(guān)按鈕即相應(yīng)工作正在進(jìn)行指示燈亮，依旋鈕箭頭方向旋轉(zhuǎn)即停止該項(xiàng)工作。Operatingbench:flowcontrolswitch,powerswitch,pumpswitch,etc.Afterpressingtheswitchbutton,theindicatorlampshowingthatthecorrespondingworkisinprogresswilllightup.Rotateaccordingtothedirectionofknobarrowtostopthework.典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法典型流程

Typicalprocedureofionexchangemethod設(shè)備參數(shù)

Deviceparameters鈉型樹脂RNa

SodiumtyperesinRNa鈉離子

Sodiumion鈣鎂離子

Calciumandmagnesiumions軟水

Softwater

硬水

Hardwater操作步驟Operationsteps典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod本實(shí)驗(yàn)以出水剩余硬度達(dá)0.05毫克/升作為交換終點(diǎn)。此時(shí)應(yīng)停止運(yùn)行，進(jìn)行再生，使其恢復(fù)交換能力。Inthisexperiment,theresidualhardnessofeffluentreaches0.05mg/Lastheendpointofexchange.Atthistime,theoperationshouldbestoppedandregenerationisrequiredtorestoreitsexchangecapacity.可用8%~10%的食鹽水溶液流過(guò)失效的樹脂層。食鹽溶液中高濃度的鈉離子和樹脂上鈣鎂離子進(jìn)行交換作用，使樹脂得到再生。An8%to10%salinesolutioncanbeusedtoflowthroughthefailedresinbed.Thehigh-concentrationsodiumionsinthesalinesolutionexchangeswiththecalciumandmagnesiumionsontheresintoregeneratetheresin.離子交換工作原理圖

WorkingPrincipleDiagramofIonExchange典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess操作步驟Operationsteps離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod軟化水

Softenedwater軟化

Softening20L/L樹脂·h

20L/Lresin·h原水

Rawwater樹脂層

Resinbed典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess操作步驟Operationsteps離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod每隔5min用小量筒量取約10ml軟化水加絡(luò)黑T指示劑一滴，如溶液呈藍(lán)色，及已經(jīng)泄漏，立即停止交換。Useasmallgraduatedflasktomeasureabout10mlofsoftenedwaterandaddadropofblackTindicatorevery5min.Ifthesolutionisblueandhasleaked,stoptheexchangeimmediately.用量筒接取25ml溶液，測(cè)定泄漏的硬度離子濃度，并記下從交換開始泄漏終點(diǎn)時(shí)所用的水量。Take25mlofsolutionwiththegraduatedflask,measurethehardnessandionconcentrationoftheleakage,andrecordtheamountofwaterusedfromthestartofexchangetotheendofleakage.典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess軟化

Softening操作步驟Operationsteps離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod反洗

Backwashing氣泡

Bubbles自來(lái)水

Tapwater反沖

Backflushing控制反洗流速

Controltheflowrateforbackwashing放水至10㎝

Drainwaterto10cm洗至出水較清

Washuntiltheeffluentisclear典型離子交換過(guò)程

TypicalIonExchangeProcess操作步驟Operationsteps離子交換法制取軟水

Preparationofsoftwaterbyionexchangemethod用8%的氯化鈉（食鹽）溶液，2.5~3.0倍樹脂體積用量，以4倍左右的空間流速正向再生，直至流盡（但不能讓樹脂暴露在空氣中）。Use8%sodiumchloride(salt)solution,2.5-3.0timesresinvolume,andperformforwa