EnglishforDieandMoldPAGE12PAGE職業(yè)素質(zhì)拓展課程重慶工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院LearningsituationVICNCManufacturingandProgrammingSessionOneCNCMachineWorkwithyourclassmatesandtrytoclassifythetypesofthefollowingCNCmachineaccordingtodifferentcriteria.Bypowerdrives:electric,pneumatic,HydraulicBymachinetoolcontrolpoint-to-pointtoolmovements,continuous-path(orcontouring)toolmovementsBypositioningsystems:incrementalpositioning,absolutepositioningByservocontrolsystems:open-loopclosed-loopBycoordinatedefinition:left-handcoordinatesystem,right-handcoordinatesystemObservethefollowingfigurescarefullywithyourcolleaguesandthenfillintheblankafteritwiththehelpofyourclassmates. （a）Typicalclosed-loopcontrolsystem （b）Typicalopen-loopcontrolsystem（b）Anopen-loopsystem-Anopen-loopsystemutilizessteppingmotorstocreatemachinemovements.（a）Aclosed-loopsystem-Aclosed-loopsystemutilizestheservemotorwhosetypesincludeACservomotorisedservomotors.WhichofthefollowingarebelongtotheconstructionofCNCmachines?Pleasetickitoutifitdoes.√Computer√controlsystem√drivemotors√toolchangersSessionTwoCNCProgrammingCanyoumakeclearthemeaningofthefollowingfigures?Surveyyourworkplacecarefullywithyourteammatesandtrytogiveeachofthemacorrespondinganswerfromtheanswersheetfollowingthefigures.（a）（b）（c）（d）（e）（a）machineaxisforathree-axisverticalCNCmachine（machineaxisdefinedasspindlemovement）（b）machineaxisforathree-axishorizontalCNCmachine（machineaxisdefinedasspindlemovement）（d）coordinatesystemforahorizontalmillingmachine（c）coordinatesystemforaverticalmillingmachine（e）machineaxesforsix-axisverticalCNCmachineStudytheNCprogrammecarefullywithyouteam-matesandthendiscussitwithyourclassmates,lastlyreadthefollowingmaterialswithyourworkmatesthenfillintheblankswiththecorrespondinganswers.A.PreparatoryfunctionsB.miscellaneouscontrolC.machiningparametersD.CoordinatesE.ToolcontrolF.F-codeG.M-codeH.T-codeI.R-codeJ.S-codeK.G-codeL.CyclefunctionsM.CoolantcontrolN.Interpolators（a）thewordsspecifywhichunits,whichinterpolator,absoluteorincrementalprogramming,whichcircularinterpolationplane,cuttercompensation,andsoon.（d）definethreedimensional(andthreerotational)axes.（c）specifyfeedandspeed.（e）specifiestooldiameter,nexttoolnumber,toolchange,andsoon.（l）specifydrillcycle,borncycle,millcycle,andclearanceplane.（m）specifythecoolantcondition,thatis,coolanton/off,flood,andmist.（b）specifiesallothercontrol,andspindleon/off,spindlerotationdirection,palletchange,clampscontrol,andsoon.（n）linear,circularinterpolation,circlecenter,andsoon.Thesecontrolfunctionsareprogrammedtroughprogramwords(codes).（k）theG-codeisalsocalledpreparatorycodeorword.（f）Thef-codespecifiesthefeedofthetoolmotion.（j）thes-codeisthecuttingspeedcode.（h）TheT-codeisusedtospecifythetoolnumber.（i）TheR-codeisusedforcycleparameter.（g）TheM-codeiscalledthemiscellaneouswordandisusedtocontrolmiscellaneousfunctionsofthemachine.Thesetupoperationscanbeginafterthefixtures;tooling,programtape,setupsheets,andpartblankarriveattheCNCmachine.Watch,learnandtalkthefollowingmaterialscarefullywithyourclassmates.CoordinateoriginofpartDeterminationofpartoriginDoyouknowwhatthefollowingcontrolsystemtheyare?（a）Point-to-pointtoolmovementscausethetooltoapointonthepartandexecuteanoperationatthatpointonly.（b）Continuous-pathtoolmovementsaresonamedbecausetheycausethetooltomaintaincontinuouscontactwiththepartasthetoolcutsacontourshape. （a） （b）Lookatthefollowingfiguresanddiscussitwithyourclassmatesthentrytomakeclearthemeaningoftheterms.MaincomponentsofanelectrochemicalmachiningplantCanyougiveatopictothefollowingfigureswiththehelpofyourworkmates?ElectrochemicalmachiningofcavitydevelopmentwithdifferenttoolelectrodesCanyoudescribetheprincipleofanEDMdie-sinkingmachineafterobservethefollowingfigureforyourworkmates? TheprincipleofanEDMdie-sinkingmachineLookatthefollowingfiguresandtalkaboutitwithyourgroupmembers.TheworkingillustrationofanEDMcuttingmachineSessionThreeCNCMachiningCenterSurveyyourworkplacewithyourteammatesandwatchtheoperationpanelofCNCmachinescarefullyandthenfinishoffthefollowingtasks.1.EMERGENCYSTOP2.MODESELECT3.EDIT4.MEMORY5.MDI6.HANDLE7.JOG8.CYCLESTART9FEEDHOLD10SINGLEBLOCK11.dryrun12REFERENCERETUR13.FEEDRATEOVERRIDE14.RAPIDTRAVERSEOVERRIDE15.MACHINELOCK16.CONTROLPANEL17.POWERON/OFF18.RESET19.CRTCHARACTERDISPLAY20.DISPLAY（20）Thecontentsofthecurrentlyactiveprogramareactivesequencenumberdisplay（19）Thescreenisonwhichallthecharacters(addresses)anddataareshown（18）Thisbuttonisusedforalarmingcancellationorcancellationofanoperation.（17）Thecontrolisalwaysturnedonafterthemainpowerswitch,locatedonthedoorofthecontrolsystem（16）Usually,thecontrolpanelislocatedatthefrontofthemainelectronicsystemandisequippedwithascreenandwithvariousbuttonsandswitches（15）Thisswitchisusedtocheckanewprogramonthemachine.Allmovementsofthetoolareblocked,whileacheckisrunonthecomputerscreen.（14）Thisswitchreducestherapidfeedrate（13）ThisallowsthecontroloftheworkfeedsdefinedbyfunctionF.youcanincreaseordecreasethepercentageofthevalueenteredintheprogram（12）TurningthisswitchONandthenpressingbuttonX,YorZcausesthemachinetoreturntothezeropositionforeachaxis.（11）ByturningthisswitchON,alltherapidandworkfeedsarechangedtoonechosenfeed（10）Thisswitchcanalsobeusedifyouintendedtochecktheperformanceofanewprogramonthemachineorifthemomentaryinterruptionofamachine’sworkisnecessary.（9）thecontrollamplocatedabovethebuttongoeson,andthecontrollamplocatedaboveCTCLESTARTgoesoff.（8）UsethisbuttonduringtheexecutionoftheprogramfromMEMORYorThe.WhentheCYCLESTARTbuttonispressed,thecontrollamplocatedabovethisbuttongoeson.（7）thismodeallowstheselectionofmanualmonotonoustofeedalongtheX,Y,andZaxes.（6）allowsforthemanualcontrolofthemovementsofthetablewiththeuseofthehandwheel,alongoneoffouraxes;XY,ZorB.（5）thismodeenablestheautomaticcontrolofthemachine.（4）thismodeenablestheNCtocommandthememorytobeexecuted.（3）thismodeenablesyouto:Entertheprogramtomachinememory,Enteranychangestotheprogram,Transferdatafromtheprogramtoatape,Checkthememorystoragecapacity.（2）Usethisswitchtospecifytheoperationalmod.（1）thisbuttonisredandislocatedinthelowerleftcornerofthecontrolpanel.Therearetwomaintypesofmarchingcenters:thehorizontalspindleandtheverticalspindlemachine.Pleasegiveoutthenamesforthefollowingfigures.Ahorizontal-spindleCNCmachiningcentreavertical-spindleCNCmachiningcentreLearnthefollowingmaterialswithyourcolleaguesandthendoyourbestfillintheblankswiththehelpofyourpartners.InaCNCsystem,eachaxisofmotionisequippedwithaseparatedrivingsourcethatreplacesthehandwheeloftheconventionalmachine.ThedrivingsourcecanbeDCmotor,asteppingmotor,orahydraulicactuator.Thesourceselectedisdeterminedmainlybasedontheprecisionrequirementsofthemachine.Surveyyourworkplacewithyourclassmatescarefullyandthentrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingfigureswiththehelpofyourpartners,finallydoyourbesttomemorizethetermsinthefigure.ThemaincomponentsofCNCmachiningcentresarethebed,saddle,column,table,servomotors,ballscrews,spindle,toolchanger,andthemachinecontrolunit.Componentsofahorizontal-spindleCNCmachiningcenterObserveyourworkplacewithyourcolleaguesthedifferentkindsoflathesalsothecomponentsofaCNClatheandthentryyourbesttofinishoffthefollowingtasks:task1,fillintheblanksinthefollowingfigures;task2,rememberthemwiththehelpofyourgroupmembers,thendictatethemforeachother.ComponentsofaCNClatheNumericalcontrolmachinescanbegenerallyclassifiedusingthefollowingcategories:forpowerdrives:ydraulic,pneumaticandelectric,formachinetoolcontrol:point-to-pointtoolmovementsandcontinuous-path(orcontouring)toolmovements.forposiioningsystems:systems/programming:incrementalpositioningandabsolutepositioning.forservocontrolsystems:open-loopandclosed-loop,forcoordinatedefinition:right-handandleft-handcoordinatesystem..Numericalcontrolmachinescanbegenerallyclassifiedusingthefollowingcategories:forpowerdrives:ydraulic,pneumaticandelectric,formachinetoolcontrol:point-to-pointtoolmovementsandcontinuous-path(orcontouring)toolmovements.forposiioningsystems:systems/programming:incrementalpositioningandabsolutepositioning.forservocontrolsystems:open-loopandclosed-loop,forcoordinatedefinition:right-handandleft-handcoordinatesystem..MatchtheEnglishwordswithitsChinesecounterparts.CNCmachiningcenter數(shù)控加工中心Coordinatesystem坐標(biāo)系Electro-dischargemachine電火花加工機(jī)床Machiningcenter加工中心Verticalmachiningcenter立式加工中心Horizontalmachiningcenter臥式加工中心Turningcenter車削中心Millingmachine銑床LearningsituationVIICAD/CAM/CAE/CAPPSessionOneCAD/CAMSoftwareWorkinyourworkplaceandobservetheCAD/CAMsystemcarefullyandthentrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingfigures.(c)(a)(b)A.themodelisverifiedB.theCAMsystemcreatestoolpathsC.thegeometryisdefinedintheCADdrawingWatchtheCADdrawingcarefullyinyourworkplaceanddiscussitwithyourgroupmembersthefourstepsfromaCADdrawingtotheworkingNCcodethenputthefollowingsentencesinrightorderwiththehelpofyourteammates.(4)ThefinalproductofCAD/CAMprocessistheNCcode.(1)ThegeometryisdefinedinaCADdrawing.(2)ThemodelisnestimportedintotheCAMmodule.(3)TheCAMmodelisthenverifiedtoensurethatthetoolpathsarecorrect.SessionTwoCAD/CAMcomponentsandfunctionsWorkwithyourclassmatesobservingthefollowingfigurescarefullyanddiscussthemwithyourgroupmembersindetailsthentrytogiveatopictoeachofthefollowingpictures,finallyputtheminrightorderwiththehelpofyourclassmates.(a)(b)(c)(d)2-Dlinedrawings3-Dsurfacemodel3-Dsolidmodel3-DwireframemodelTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseforeachother.A.theCAMmoduleisusedtocreatethemachiningprocessmodelbaseduponthegeometrysuppliedintheCADmodel.B.theCAMsystemwillgenerateagenericintermediatecodethatdescribesthemachiningoperation,whichcanlaterbeusedtoproduceGandMcodeorconversationalprograms.C.theCAMmodulesalsocomeinseveralclassesandlevelsofsophistication.（c）CAM模塊也有多種類型和層次。（b）CAM系統(tǒng)生成描述加工操作的普通中間代碼，這些代碼以后可以用來生成G和M代碼或會(huì)話式程序。（a）根據(jù)CAD模型提供的幾何形狀，CAM模塊用于創(chuàng)建加工工藝模型。AnexampleoftheCAMsystemestimatingcurvedsurfaceswithlinesegmentsDiscusswithyourteam-matesaboutthefollowingsentences.Truefalse1.OneimportantconceptwemustunderstandisthatthegeometryrepresentedbytheCADdrawingmaynotbeexactlythesamegeometrythatisproducedontheCNCmachinetool.TFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX2.Tocreatethemachiningoperations,theCAMsystemwillneedtoknowwhichcuttingtoolsareavailableandwhatmaterialwearemachining.TFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX3.Itiseasytorelyonthecomputertogeneratethecorrecttoolpath,butfinishedsurfacesarefurtherestimatedduringmachiningwithballendmills.TFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX4.CNCmachinetoolsareequippedtoproduceveryaccuratetoolpathsaslongasthetoolpathsareeitherstraightlinesorcirculararcs.TFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXNURBScurvescanrep