浦東新區(qū)2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高三英語試卷(考試時(shí)間：105分鐘滿分：115分)I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PennamesDidyouknowthatLewisCarroll,bestknownasthewriterofAlice'sAdventuresinWonderland,wasreallynamedCharlesLutwidgeDodgson?Thisisjustoneofthefascinatingfacts(1)(find)inPenNames,anewbookbyAdrianScott.Exploringtheworldofliterarypseudonyms(筆名)fromthe19thcenturytothepresentday,PenNamesseekstounderstandandhighlightsomeofhistory'smostinterestingpennamesanduncoverthemotivationsbehindthem.(2)(consist)ofjustunder140pages,thebookisamanageableworkandbeginswithadetailedintroductionoftheliterarypseudonym'shistory.Scottoutlinesfromthestartofhisbookthatthedecisiontousepennamesusually(3)(fall)intooneoftwocategories:tofitinorstandout.(4)toprotectanauthor'sidentityortoincreasetheirappealtoreaders,literarypseudonymsbecamecommonplacefromthe1800sonwards.Pennamestakesusthroughthereasoningofindividualwritersastheydevelopedandusedapennametoauthortheirwork.Someoftheseliteraryfiguresaresurprisinglywell-knownundertheirownnamesbutchose(5)(publish)someworkunderasecondname.CharlesDickens,forexample,wroteunderthenameBoz.Amorerecentexampleincludedisthepublishingofnovelswhich(6)(credit)tothepennameRobertGalbraithbutwereactuallywrittenbyHarryPotterauthorJKRowling.(7)allthecasestudiesinPenNames,themostinterestingonesarethoseofauthorswhocreatedpublicimagesfortheirpseudonymoreven,insomeinstances,welcomedthemasanentirelynewidentity.AparticularlyremarkableexampleisScottishwriterWilliamSharp,(8)cametoseehispennameFionaMacleodasa“demonstrationofadifferent,femalesideofhisnature.”Ultimately,(9)thisbookquestionsiswhetherit'simportanttoknowandunderstandtheidentitiesofauthorsbehindtheirpennames.AccordingtoScott'swork,althoughit'simportantinsomecases,it'safascinatingexercisetouncoverthelivesandmotivationsoftheseauthors,especiallyof(10)wethinkweknowsowell.Aclearandwell-researchedbook,PenNamesisanengagingandinformativeworkthatexploresaninterestingliterarytradition.高三英語試卷第1頁共10頁SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.activated B.combined C.drives D.informedE.overrides F.previously G.readily H.stimulatingI.survival J.underlying K.unfamiliarThesixhumanhungersAttheheartoffoodpsychologyliesapowerfulquestion:Whydoweeatwhatweeat?Thisquestionhasledtoadiscovery11myentireconceptualframeworkofhealthandeating:thesixhumanhungers.Inobservingbehaviorsandcommonstrugglesaroundfood,Inoticedmosteatingdecisionsweren'tpurelybasedonphysicalhunger.Instead,theyoftenarosefromacomplexcombinationofpsychological,biologicalandemotional12thatdidn'talwaysreflectthebody'sactualneeds.Thisrealizationrevealedacriticalinsight:Whatweoftenthinkofas“hunger”canactuallybe13byanyofsixdistinctmotivations:fromnutritionalneedstoemotionalneeds,whichhasthepowertoinfluencewhen,whatandhowmuchweeat.Understandingwhichofthesehungersisatplayallowsyoutoreclaimcontroloveryoureatingchoicessoyoucanmakeintentionaland14decisionsratherthansimplyrespondingtoimpulses(沖動(dòng)).Thesehungersdetermineoureatingpatterns,andtheirinfluenceonlyintensifieswhenseveralofthemaretriggeredatonce.Whenthreeormorehappenatthesametime,theextremehungerisnearlyimpossibletoresistbecauseitengagesanancient15instinct:ashungergrows,sodoesoururgencyandadaptabilityinchoosingfoods.Prolongedhungermighthavedrivenourancestorstohuntmoredangerousgameortoexperimentwith16plants——astrategythat,whilerisky,wassometimessaferthanfacingstarvation.Thisinstincttoeatwhatwasavailablemayhavesavedlivesintimesoffoodshortage,butintoday'sworldofsufficient,17accessiblefood,itoftenworksagainstus.Thisisakeyreasonwhysomanydietsfail.Althoughthey'reoftenpoorlynourished(滋養(yǎng)),peopleattempttoadoptrestrictivediets.Beforelong,intensifiedhunger18self-discipline,pushingthemtomakepoorfoodchoices.Feelingsofguiltorshamemayfollow,ironically(諷刺地)19evenmoreconsumptionandcreatingacycleofovereatingandself-blame.Generallyspeaking,eachofthesixhungerscanaffectusindependently,butwhenmultipletypesofhungerareactive,their20forcecanovercomeeventhestrongestwillpower.Next,we'lllookatthesixhumanhungersaswellashowtorespondtoeacheffectively,anewapproachtonavigatingyourrelationshipwithfood.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.高三英語試卷第2頁共10頁Haveyoueverfeltnervousorashamedtotaketimeoffworktocareforyourmentalhealth?EmilyCarter,awriterbasedinNewYork,recentlyposedasimilarquestiononline,inspiredbyMiraKelton,whounexpectedly21fromOlympiceventstoprotectherpsychologicalwell-being.“Itwas22tomanypeople,”Carternotedinaninterview,“becausetheprevailing(盛行的)mentalityistobestrongandpushthroughthepain.”Theresponsesrevealedatroublingpattern:dueto23andprofessionalconcerns,numerousemployeesfeelpressuredtohidetheirneedformentalhealthleave.This24hesitationpointstoasignificantgapinworkplacesupportsystemsthaturgentlyneedstobeaddressed.Whiletheterm“sadday”——oftenusedtorefertoamentalhealthday——lacksanofficialdefinition,itgenerallymeanspaidleavetakenfromsickdays.Itallowsemployeeswhoaren'tfeelinglikethemselvesto25,engageinmeaningfulactivities,orsimplytakeabreakfromdailystressors.Toputitmildly,a“sadday”offersonlyatemporary26andisnotafixfordeeperissues.27,sometimesashortbreakcanmakeasubstantialdifference.Recognizingtheneedforsuchtimeoffisnotalwaysstraightforward.AccordingtoElenaStribling,presidentoftheadvocacygroupMentalHealthAmerica,thesignscanbe28.Thesemayincludeshiftsinmood,slightdropsinproductivityordifficultyconcentrating.Nevertheless,ifleftunaddressed,theseearly29canevolveintoseverehealthissues.Onceyou'vedecidedtotakeamentalhealthday,thenextquestionishowto30yourdecision.Yourrelationshipwithyourmanagerwilllargelydeterminehowopenyoucanbeaboutyourreasons.Striblingwarnedthatanxietyorguiltcansometimesleadto31.Inmostcases,expertsadvisesimplystatingthatyouneedtotakeasickdaywithoutgoingintodetail.“Noteverybodyvaluesmentalhealth,”addedAndrewParker,aclinicalpsychologistatRiversideMedicalCenterinBelmont,Mass.“Unlessyou’reclosewithyoursupervisor,itisa(n)32topresentyourspecificneeds.”Finally,howyouuse“saddays”matters.Reflectonwhathasledyoutothispoint:Doyourpersonalrelationshipsneedattention?Areyouexhaustedfromyourworkloadandinneedof33?Itmaybeamixofseveralfactors.Whateveryoudo,don'tspendtheday34workmessagesorfeelingguilty.AsStriblingemphasized,“Self-careisnotaselfishact.Peoplewhoareselflesstothepointof35endupburningout.”21.A.recovered B.withdrew C.benefited D.suffered22.A.convincing B.shocking C.challenging D.inspiring23.A.dishonesty B.disinterest C.disgrace D.disorder24.A.collective B.sudden C.intentional D.brief25.A.stepback B.takeoff C.passout D.breakdown26.A.resolution B.exercise C.calling D.relief27.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.However D.Thus28.A.unclear B.external C.imaginary D.evident29.A.conflicts B.habits C.warnings D.attempts30.A.communicate B.advocate C.enrich D.delay31.A.over-reacting B.over-working C.over-sharing D.over-estimating高三英語試卷第3頁共10頁32.A.duty B.risk C.honor D.priority33.A.challenge B.praise C.disconnection D.promotion34.A.deleting B.leaking C.treasuring D.checking35.A.self-sacrifice B.self-awareness C.self-defense D.self-controlSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Backin2008,whenIwasworkingasaprofessionalastronomer,IwasgrantedtwonightsonabigtelescopeonMaunaKea,Hawaii.Irememberarrivingatthepeakofthevolcanoatdusk,veryexcitedaboutthisincredibleopportunity.Iwentintothebrightlylittelescopecontrolroom,pluggedinmylaptopandstartedpreparingforthenightoftakingdata.Whenitwasdawn,Iemergedintothesunrise,sleepy-眼edandreadyfordinner..orwasitbreakfast?ItwasonlyyearslaterthatIrealizedI'dbeentothepeakofMaunaKeaandIhadn'tlookedupatthenightskywithmyeyesevenonce.Inowseethisdisappointingsituationwasrepresentativeofadeeperstateofmentaldifficultythathadaffectedmelikealong,slowsunset.Overmyyearsofimmersion(沉浸)intheacademicenvironment,I'dbecomelostintheworldofideas,disconnectedfromanemotional,directexperience,andfromthewonderandpassionthathaddrawnmeintoastronomyinthefirstplace.I'vecometounderstandthatthissituationisn'tuniquetome.Thesearetypicalsymptomsofthemodernworld.Somanyofusliveincreasinglydisconnectedfromnature——inthedayandnighttime——oftenlostintheworldofideas,plansoranxieties,withourattentionrarelyinthehereandnow.Astrophysicswaswhatledmeintotheworldofideasandfacts,butitwasultimatelystargazinginamindfulwaythatshowedmethewaybacktoamorebalancedstateofmentalwellbeingandthewonderofmysubjective,veryhumanperspective.Whenwelookwithwide-eyedcuriosity,ratherthanbeingpreoccupiedwithfactsandexpectations,itencouragesastateofwonder,whichleadstoawe.Studieshaveshownfeelingaweonaregularbasisisdeeplybeneficialtoourmentalhealth,becauseithelpsusfeelconnectedtosomethingbiggerthanoureverydayviewofourselves.Suddenly,ourworriesaren'tquitesoall-importantandwestarttoseeourselvesfromadifferentperspective.It'ssoeasytothinkthatwe'relookingupatthestars.Butthetruthiswe'reinthem——madeofthem,inseparablefromthem.Youhavegrownoutof,andarelivingaspartof,thisUniverse.True,lookingatitonewayyou'reatiny,seeminglyinsignificantpieceofdustonaremoteplanetinanunremarkablesolarsystem.Butfromanotherperspective,you'reanintegralpartoftheUniverseexperiencingitselfthroughyouowneyes,earsandthoughts.Forme,thisviewhasfacilitatedacompletetransformationofmymentalhealthandwholelife.36.TheauthorfeltasenseofthemomenthearrivedatMaunaKea.A.tiredness B.regret C.anticipation D.uniqueness高三英語試卷第4頁 共10頁37.Thecommonproblemofthemodernworldiscausedby.A.man'sseparationfromnatureandthepresentB.thewonderaboutandpassionforourcareersC.ourfailuretoobservetheskywithnakedeyesD.yearsofabsorptioninendlessacademicdebates38.Howcanwecarryout“mindfulstargazing”?A.Byholdingfasttosciencefactsandfigures.B.Byobservingstarsthroughanadvancedtelescope.C.Byintegratingexpectationsandviewsofourselves.D.Bysensingthestarrynightinanopen-mindedway.39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Stargazingfromdusktodawn B.SeeinginanewlightC.Mysterious-lookinguniverse D.Awe-inspiringcareer(B)WinterHayAppealPleasehelpfeedourrescuedanimalsduringthecoldweather.Withover4000mouthstofeed,hayisourbiggestexpense.Just￡5willhelpbuyhayfortheanimalsthiswinter...Timesaredifficultandthecostofjustabouteverythingweneedtofeedandcareforourrescuedanimals,continuestorise.Withover4000mouthstofeed,wearefindingithardtomakeendsmeet.Ifyoucouldhelp,everydonationtowardsprovidingfoodandcarefortheanimals,howeversmall,willbesogratefullyreceived.ThankyouforcaringDonation/OrderHelpline016037362009am-9pm7DaysTodonateviaPayPalDebit/CreditCardpleasescanthisQRCodeStandardHayBale￡StandardHayBale￡5LargeRoundHayBale￡40高三英語試卷第5頁共10頁HillsideAnimalShelterwasfoundedin1995tohelpandcampaignforanimalsinneed,particularlythosesufferingeverydayintheintensivefactoryfarmingindustry.Wearehometo2500rescuedhorses,poniesanddonkeys,750cows,300pigs,850sheepandgoats,andlotsofotheranimalsincludingdogsanddear,andweneedyourhelp.40.YoucanscantheQRcodeontheposterto.A.bookavisittotouraroundtheshelterB.knowabouttheshelter'sopeninghoursC.ordertheshelter'sNewYearcardsquicklyD.offerfinancialsupportthroughacreditcard41.Davidhassaved￡15tobuyagiftforfriendsandcontributetoanimalfeed.Whichplanbestmeetshisgoals?A.One“Hillside2026Calendar”andone“LargeRoundHayBale”.B.Onepackof“20‘WinterMagic’FestiveCards”andone“StandardHayBale”.C.Three“StandardHayBales”andrequestsome“HillsideLeafletstoDistribute”.D.One“Hillside2026Calendar”andonepackof“20‘WinterWilds’NewYearCards”.42.Thisleafletisintendedto.A.promoteanewlineoffestivegiftsB.hirevolunteerstofeedfarmanimalsC.raisefundstocareforrescuedanimalsD.encouragedonationsforhorsesinwinter(C)ItalladdsupWhetherit'senemytanksinbattle,animalsinthewildorcutlery(餐具)inabusycanteen,itisdifficulttocountobjectsthataremovingaround.Luckily,thereisatechniquethatcanestimatehowmanythereareofsomethingwithoutrequiringyoutocounteverysingleone.Thecapture-recapturemethodinvolvesgettingasample——waitingforsomeanimalstowanderby,forinstance,thencollectingsome——markingtheindividualsdistinctively,thenreleasingthembackintothepopulation.Aftersometimehaspassed,yourepeattheprocesstopickanothergroupofanimalsandcounthowmanyofthemarealreadymarked.Ifyoucaptured,say,50animalsinitiallyandmarkedthemall,thenonyourrecapturestepyoufoundhalftheanimalsyousawweremarked,thistellsyousomethingaboutthewholepopulation.Sincehalfthesampleismarked,thisimpliesthathalfofthewholepopulationismarked——sotheremustbeabout100individuals.Thiscangiveareasonablyaccurateestimateofapopulation,withouthavingtofindandcounteverysinglememberofit.Duringthesecondworldwar,somestatisticianswantedtodeterminehowmanytankstheGermanarmywasproducing.Capturedtankscouldn'tbere-released,but,astankcomponentsaremarkedwithserialnumbers,anotherapproachallowedthemtomakeanestimate.Theyloggedtheserialnumbersofallcapturedtanks,workingontheassumptionthattheywerenumberedinafixedorderandrandomlydistributed.IfthelargestserialnumberinyourdataisLandthenumber高三英語試卷第6頁共10頁ofcapturedtanksisn,oneestimateforthetotalnumberoftanksisgivenbyL+L/n.ThisisknownastheGermantankprobleminstatistics.Oneofmyfavouritepopulationestimationstorieswastoldtomebyateacherfriend,whotaskedherstudentswithestimatingthenumberofforksintheschoolcanteen—impossibletocountas,atanygiventime,anumberwillbeinuseandotherswillbeinthewash.Herclass“captured”asetofforksandmarkedeachonewithadropofnailpolish,thenreleasedthembackintothepopulation.Aweeklater,theyrecapturedanothersamplepopulationandusedittomakeanestimateofthetotalnumberofforks.Researchersperformedasimilarexperiment20yearsagotoshamepeopleintoreturninglabproperty.Aworryingnumberofteaspoonsweregoingmissingintheirlab,sotheymarkedasetofspoonsbeforereleasingthem,studyingtheirmovementsandpublishingtheresults.Itturnsoutscienceiseffectivethankstothepublicationofthepaper.43.Whichofthefollowinggraphbestillustratesthecapture-recapturemethod?(marked④)A. B.44.InordertoestimatetheproductionofGermantanks,statisticiansneedtoknowthe.A.fixedorderinwhichGermantankswerenumberedB.smallestandlargestserialnumbersofcapturedtanksC.averageoftheserialnumbersofallthetanksinabattleD.totalofthecapturedtanksandtheirlargestserialnumber45.Whatcanyouinferaboutthefinalresultoftheteaspoonexperiment?A.Themissingteaspoonswereequaltothereleasedteaspoons.B.Scientistsproposedaneffectivetechniquetocountnumbers.C.Missingteaspoonsweresheepishlyreturnedbyspoonstealers.D.Researcherworkedoutthetotalofthemissingforksinthelab.高三英語試卷第7頁共10頁46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Mysterysolvedbycapturinganimals.B.Theoriginofamathematicaltechnique.C.Atrickhelpingyoucountmovingobjects.D.Distinctoccasionsaddingtodifficultyinlife.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Inancienttimes,youhuggedcucumberstostaycool,whichwasacommonpractice.B.Thereasoningbehinditisrootedinthemelon'sphysicalproperties.C.Theirmildnessbalancesrichingredients——wintermelonandporksoupisaclassicexample.D.Therefore,Ihadtolookintotheagriculturalpracticefurtherthroughaquickonlinesearch.E.Unlikeairconditioners,awintermelonprovidesamildcoolnessthat'slesslikelytocausediscomfortforkids.F.Wehugwintermelonstostaycoolonhotsummerdays.Keepingcoolasawintermelon?Afteraheavysummerafternoonofpickingvegetablesinthegarden,mydaughterandIwerehangingoutonthecouch.Shehadpickedaparticularlylargecucumberandwasreallyproudofit,tellingmehowcolditfelt.Ofcourse,thephrase“coolasacucumber”cameup.Thenmycousinsaidsomethingveryinteresting:“Oh,thatmustbeanAmericanthing.InChina,wedon'tusecucumbers.47”“Wait,what?”Iwasobviouslyconfusedastowhymelonswouldbehugged.Butthenmycousinexplainedthatlongbeforemoderncoolingdeviceslikeairconditionersorelectricfans,huggingwintermelon,avegetablenativetoChina,wasapracticalwaytobeatthesummerheatwhilesleeping.48Wintermelons,withtheirmassivesizeandthickskin,retain(保持)acooltemperatureeveninhotweather.Oftenstoredincoolplaces,theyabsorbandretainupto96percentwater,whichmeanstheyresistheatingupquickly,stayingrefreshinglycooltothetouchevenonthehottestdays.Backthen,forordinarypeople,awintermeloncoulddoubleasanaturalcoolingpadtowhichthebodytransferredexcessheatto,providingrelieffromsticky,uncomfortablenights.Thispracticeenduresbecausemanybelieveit'sagentler,morenaturalalternativetomoderncoolingmethods.49Andcomparedtofans,whichblowairdirectlyontothebody,themelon'scoolnessispassiveandgentle.高三英語試卷第8頁共10頁Andyes,wintermelonsareusedformorethanjusthugs.InChinesecuisine,they'reoftenusedindishesastheyabsorbtheflavoursofsoupsandseasonings,makingthemacommonadditiontosoups50Also,intraditionalChinesemedicine,they'revaluedfortheircoolingproperties,whicharethoughttohelpbalancethebody'sinternalheat.Tofindafull-sized,wholewintermelontohug,headtoafarmers'market.There,you'llsurelyfindonethatholdsenoughcoolnesstomakethisancienttrickfeeljustaseffectivetodayasitwascenturiesago.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.SocialmediapostsLikeothermillennials,Ms.Yu,agraphicdesigner,wentthroughherbumpyteenyearsamidtheriseoffirst-wavesocialmediasuchasFriendsterandMyspace.“Socialmediawasveryinterestingandfreshtome,asitwasaconvenientwaytoconnectwithothers,”sherecalls.Aboutthreeyearsago,however,shestartedfeelinglessrosyaboutsocialmedia.“Iwasspendingsomuchtimetakingphotostopostonline,hopingtogetpositivecomments.IwouldbeembarrassedifIreceivedfew'likes'formyposts.Iwouldaskmyself,‘Whydidmorepeoplelikesomeoneelse'spostsbutnotmine?Aremypostsnotgoodenough?AmInotgoodenough?”Ms.Yuwaseventuallyabletoovercomeherself-doubtbycuttingbackontimespentonsocialmedia,andusingitonlyincaseswhereitwouldpotentiallyboostratherthanweakenherconfidence.Herexperiencehighlightsthedouble-edgednatureofsocialmedia.ClinicalPsychologistMs.MichelleTannotesthatitcanbeapowerfultoolforrelievingsocialisolationandloneliness.Onlinecommunitiesprovideemotionalsupport,oftenhelpingusersturnonlineconnectionswithlike-mindedpeopleintoreal-lifefriendships.Theycanalsoserveasamotivationaltoolforachievinggoalslikequittingsmokingorgettinginshape.Ontheotherhand,itcouldinvitenegativesocialcomparisonswithotheronlineusersandloweraperson'sself-worth.Excessivevirtualengagementmayweakenreal-lifesocialskills.Also,beinganonymousonlinemakescyberbullyingmorelikely.Still,mentalhealthissuescan'tbeblamedsolelyonsocialmedia,asmultiple