專題03必修一Unit3Gettingalongwithothers(必修一)（寒假復(fù)習(xí)講與練）考點(diǎn)聚焦:關(guān)注核心考點(diǎn)，學(xué)考結(jié)合重點(diǎn)速記:詞匯短語梳理，夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化:重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破，能力提升學(xué)以致用:真題感知再現(xiàn)，助力高考???單元知識(shí)回顧???重點(diǎn)單詞awkward,original,medium,recover,respond,loss,judge,apologize,trick,ignore,suffer,misunderstand,contact,explode,generous,respect,measure,reflection,seek,escape,benefit,fort,recognize,death,admire,thorough,pany,crowd,efficient,quality,shallow,definitely必備短語ontherocks,outofone’ssight,makeit,socialmedia,ataloss,inthewrong,inanycase,letgoof,counton,eatawayat,ebetween…and…,inperson,highpoint,throughthickandthin,inone’sopinion,getover,bringout,smoothout,bemeanttodosth,takeon,infullmeasure疑難長句1.WhenIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent,shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.（教材p30）2.ThehighpointofthestoryeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.（教材p35）3.Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree"fruits":theymayforttheheart,advisetheheadandhelpusachievethegoalswesetforourselves.（教材p39）閱讀微技能SimilaritiesvsDifferences(論壇里兩封回信的異同)語法與修辭關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句?重點(diǎn)單詞?一、根據(jù)所給中文意義，寫出英文單詞。1.adj.笨拙的;令人尬的;難對(duì)付的awkward2.adj.起初的,獨(dú)創(chuàng)的;原作的original3.n.傳播信息的媒介(pl.media),方法;手段,工具.adj.中等的,中號(hào)的medium4.ⅵ.恢復(fù)健康;恢復(fù)常態(tài).vt.全額收回;尋回;重新獲得;恢復(fù),重新控制recover5.vi.&vt.回答,回應(yīng);作出反應(yīng),響應(yīng)respond6.n.失去,喪失;虧損;去世;損失loss7.vt.&vi.評(píng)價(jià),(尤指)批評(píng);判斷,認(rèn)為.n.法官;裁判員judge8.vi.道歉,謝罪apologize9.adv.肯定,確實(shí);確切地definitely10vt.欺騙,欺詐.n.詭計(jì),花招;戲法trick11.vt.忽視,對(duì)…不予理會(huì)ignore12.vi.受苦,受折磨;變差.vt.遭受,蒙受suffer13.vt.&ⅵ.誤解,誤會(huì)misunderstand(misunderstood,misunderstood)14.vt.&vi.聯(lián)系,聯(lián)絡(luò)contact15.vi.(憤怒等感情)爆發(fā),進(jìn)發(fā);爆炸.vt.使爆炸explode16.adj.寬宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的generous17.vt.尊重,尊敬.n.尊敬,敬意,重視r(shí)espect18.vt.估量,判定,測(cè)量.n.措施;衡量measure19.n.沉思;反射;映像;反映reflection20.vi.試圖;尋找;爭(zhēng)取.vt.尋求;尋找seek(sought,sought)21.vi.&vt.逃跑,逃脫;避開,避免;被遺忘.n.逃離,逃脫escape22.n.優(yōu)勢(shì),益處,成效.vt.使受益.ⅵ.得益于benefit23.vt.寬慰,撫慰.n.舒服;安慰fort24.vt.承認(rèn),意識(shí)到;認(rèn)出,辨別出recognize25.adj.徹底的,全面的；仔細(xì)的thorough26.n.陪伴,作伴;公司pany27.vt.欽佩;欣賞admire28.adj.效率高的,有功效的efficient29.n.品德,素質(zhì);質(zhì)量;特征.adj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的,高質(zhì)量的quality30.adj.膚淺的,淺薄的,淺的shallow二、用以上所復(fù)習(xí)的單詞，完成下列句子。1.Afterdroppingthebirthdaycake,therewasan________silencebeforeeveryonelaughed.【答案】awkward【詳解】句意為“摔落生日蛋糕后，在大家笑之前有一陣______的沉默”。根據(jù)“droppingthecake”和“silence”的語境，表示令人尷尬、不自在的氛圍，故填awkward。2.Herideafortheschoolplaywasso________thatitwonacreativityaward.【答案】original【詳解】句意為“她為學(xué)校話劇想出的主意是如此______，以至于贏得了一個(gè)創(chuàng)意獎(jiǎng)”。“wonacreativityaward”表明這個(gè)想法新穎、有原創(chuàng)性，故填original。3.Thesweaterwasn'tlargeorsmall;itwasaperfect________size.【答案】medium【詳解】句意為“這件毛衣不大也不小，是完美的______尺碼”。根據(jù)“wasn'tlargeorsmall”的提示，表示中間的、中等的尺碼，故填medium。4.Ittookhertwoweekstofully________fromthefluandreturntoschool.【答案】recover【詳解】句意為“她花了兩個(gè)星期才完全______流感，返回學(xué)?！?。從“fromtheflu”和“returntoschool”可知，需要填一個(gè)表示“康復(fù)、恢復(fù)”的動(dòng)詞，故填recover。5.Whentheteacheraskedaquestion,hewastooshyto__.【答案】respond【詳解】句意為“當(dāng)老師提問時(shí)，他太害羞了，沒有”。根據(jù)“askedaquestion”和“tooshy”的語境，表示未能“回答、回應(yīng)”，故填respond。6.The________ofhisfavoritetoymadethelittleboycryforhours.【答案】loss【詳解】句意為“他心愛玩具的______讓這個(gè)小男孩哭了幾個(gè)小時(shí)”。玩具丟失或失去是哭泣的原因，故填loss。7.Asafair________,shelistenedtobothsidesoftheargumentbeforedeciding.【答案】judge【詳解】句意為“作為一名公正的________，她在決定前聽取了爭(zhēng)論雙方的意見”。“l(fā)istenedtobothsides”和“fair”表明身份是裁判或法官，故填judge。8.IfIsteponyourfootcarelessly,Iwill________toyouimmediately.【答案】apologize【詳解】句意為“如果我不小心踩到你的腳時(shí)，我會(huì)立刻向你_________”。根據(jù)“steppedonyourfoot”的語境，表示應(yīng)該“道歉”，故填apologize。9.Themagicianperformedaclevercard________thatamazedtheaudience.【答案】trick【詳解】句意為“魔術(shù)師表演了一個(gè)巧妙的紙牌______，讓觀眾驚嘆”。“magician”和“card”表明這是一個(gè)戲法、魔術(shù)，故填trick。10.Ifyou________thewarningsigns,youmightgetintodanger.【答案】ignore【詳解】句意為“如果你______警告標(biāo)志，你可能會(huì)陷入危險(xiǎn)”。根據(jù)“mightgetintodanger”的提示，表示忽視、不理睬警告，故填ignore。11.Manypeople________fromheadachesiftheystareatscreensfortoolong.【答案】suffer【詳解】句意為“如果盯著屏幕太久，許多人會(huì)______頭痛”。與“fromheadaches”搭配，表示遭受頭痛之苦，故填suffer。12.I'mafraidyou________mymeaning;Iwasactuallytryingtohelpyou.【答案】misunderstand【詳解】句意為“恐怕你______了我的意思；我其實(shí)是想幫你”。“Iwasactuallytryingtohelp”說明對(duì)方理解錯(cuò)了，故填misunderstand。13.Please________mebyemailifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions.【答案】contact【詳解】句意為“如果您有任何進(jìn)一步的問題，請(qǐng)通過電子郵件______我”?！癰yemail”表明是通過某種方式聯(lián)系，故填contact。14.Theoldboilermight________ifthepressuregetstoohigh.【答案】explode【詳解】句意為“如果壓力太高，這個(gè)舊鍋爐可能會(huì)______”。壓力過高可能導(dǎo)致爆炸，故填explode。15.Shewas________withhertime,alwaysvolunteeringtohelpothers.【答案】generous【詳解】句意為“她對(duì)自己的時(shí)間很______，總是自愿幫助他人”?！癮lwaysvolunteeringtohelp”表明她慷慨、大方，故填generous。16.Weshouldshow________tooureldersbylisteningtotheiradvice.【答案】respect【詳解】句意為“我們應(yīng)該通過傾聽長輩的建議來向他們表示______”。“l(fā)isteningtotheiradvice”是尊敬的一種表現(xiàn)，故填respect。17.Weusearulerto________thelengthofthistableincentimeters.【答案】measure【詳解】句意為“我們用尺子以厘米為單位來______這張桌子的長度”?！皍searuler”和“l(fā)ength”表明動(dòng)作是測(cè)量，故填measure。18.Hesawhisown________inthecalmsurfaceofthelake.【答案】reflection【詳解】句意為“他在平靜的湖面上看到了自己的______”?！皊urfaceofthelake”像鏡子一樣，可以映出影像，故填reflection。19.Manystudents________helpfromtheirteacherswhenpreparingforexams.【答案】seek【詳解】句意為“許多學(xué)生在備考時(shí)會(huì)向老師______幫助”。“helpfromtheirteachers”表明是尋求、請(qǐng)求幫助，故填seek。20.Theprisonermanagedto________fromthecastlethroughasecrettunnel.【答案】escape【詳解】句意為“囚犯成功通過一條秘密隧道從城堡里______”?！皃risoner”和“secrettunnel”表明是逃跑、逃脫，故填escape。21.Regularexercisewill________yourhealthinthelongterm.【答案】benefit【詳解】句意為“長期來看，定期鍛煉將______你的健康”。鍛煉對(duì)健康有益，故填benefit。22.Herkindwordsprovidedsome________aftermyfailure.【答案】fort【詳解】句意為“在我失敗后，她友善的話語給予了一些______”。“kindwords”和“aftermyfailure”表明是安慰、慰藉，故填fort。23.Icouldhardly________mycousinaftertenyears;hehadchangedsomuch.【答案】recognize【詳解】句意為“十年后我?guī)缀鮛_____我的堂兄了；他變化太大了”。“changedsomuch”導(dǎo)致難以認(rèn)出，故填recognize。24.Ireally________yourcouragetospeakinfrontofsuchalargeaudience.【答案】admire【詳解】句意為“我真的很______你在這么多觀眾面前發(fā)言的勇氣”?！癱ouragetospeak”令人欽佩、贊賞，故填admire。25.Beforemovingin,theygavetheoldhousea________cleaning.【答案】thorough【詳解】句意為“搬進(jìn)去之前，他們給這所老房子進(jìn)行了一次______的打掃”。搬家前的打掃通常是徹底、全面的，故填thorough。26.Heworksforasoftware________inthecitycenter.【答案】pany【詳解】句意為“他在市中心的一家軟件______工作”?！皐orksfor”表明是為一家公司工作，故填pany。27.Thenewsystemismore_________,savingbothtimeandmoney.【答案】efficient【詳解】句意為“新系統(tǒng)更，既省時(shí)又省錢”?！皊avingbothtimeandmoney”表明是高效、有效率的，故填efficient。28.Thisbrandisfamousforthehigh________ofitsproducts.【答案】quality【詳解】句意為“這個(gè)品牌因其產(chǎn)品的高_(dá)_____而聞名”?！癴amousfor”表明是其產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量好，故填quality。29.Don'tbefooledbyhis________smile;he'sactuallythinkingdeeply.【答案】shallow【詳解】句意為“不要被他______的笑容欺騙；他其實(shí)在深入思考”。與“thinkingdeeply”形成對(duì)比，表明笑容是膚淺、表面的，故填shallow。30.Afterseeingthetestresults,hewas________surehewouldpassthecourse.【答案】definitely【詳解】句意為“看到測(cè)試結(jié)果后，他______確信自己能通過這門課程”?！皊ure”需要副詞修飾，表示十分肯定、絕對(duì)地，故填definitely。三、通過語境記單詞：根據(jù)所給短文的中文翻譯，用以上單詞填空。注意時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)的變化。TheColorofKindnessTheoriginalplanwasanefficientescapefromthenoisycrowd.Leo,aboywhooftenfeltawkward,soughtfortinpainting.Heusedanewmedium,asetwhosequalityhedidn'tjudgewell.Whenhispaintingexplodedinamessytrickofcolors,hisfriendMiadidn'tignorehim.Sheofferedageneroussmile,areflectionofherrespectforhiseffort.Leowasreadytoapologizeforthelossoftheirafternoon.However,Mia'sresponse,whichwaskindandwarm,madehimrecognizehisshallowworry.Hehadsufferedasmallfailure,notadeathofhistalent.Thismoment,whichhelpedhimrecoverhisconfidence,becameathoroughlesson.Helearnedtomeasureprogressbyeffort,abenefitthatwoulddefinitelyhelphimgrow.InMia'spany,hefeltadmiredandunderstood,nolongermisunderstood.Helatercontactedhertothankher,apersonwhomhetrulyvalued.善意的色彩最初的計(jì)劃，是高效地逃離喧鬧的人群。里奧——一個(gè)常感笨拙的男孩——從繪畫中尋求安慰。他嘗試了一種新媒介，一套他沒怎么判斷好質(zhì)量的顏料。當(dāng)他的畫作在一場(chǎng)混亂的色彩“爆炸”中變得一塌糊涂時(shí)，他的朋友米婭沒有無視他。她報(bào)以慷慨的微笑，這映射出她對(duì)他努力的尊重。里奧正準(zhǔn)備為他們浪費(fèi)的這個(gè)下午而道歉。然而，米婭那親切而溫暖的回應(yīng)，讓他意識(shí)到了自己膚淺的擔(dān)憂。他只是經(jīng)歷了一次小小的失敗，并非才華的死亡。這個(gè)幫他重拾信心的時(shí)刻，成了一堂深刻的課。他學(xué)會(huì)了用努力來衡量進(jìn)步，這個(gè)益處必將助他成長。在米婭的陪伴下，他感到被欣賞、被理解，不再被誤解。后來他聯(lián)系了她以表感謝，她是他真正珍視的人。四、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化練習(xí)1．a(chǎn)dmirevt.欽佩；欣賞→admirableadj.令人欽佩的→admirationn．欽佩；欣賞→admirern．崇拜者，愛慕者2．a(chǎn)pologizevi.道歉，謝罪→apologyn．道歉3．fortvt.寬慰，撫慰n．舒服；安慰→fortableadj.舒服的→unfortableadj.不舒服的4．originaladj.起初的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；原作的n．原件，原稿→originn．起源→originallyadv.最初→originatev.起源于5．covern&v蓋子；覆蓋recovervi.恢復(fù)健康；恢復(fù)常態(tài)vt.全額收回；尋回；重新獲得；恢復(fù)，重新控制→recoveryn．恢復(fù)6．judgevt.&vi.評(píng)價(jià)，(尤指)批評(píng)；判斷，認(rèn)為n．法官；裁判員→judgementn．判斷7．ignorevt.忽視，對(duì)……不予理會(huì)→ignorantadj.無知的→ignorancen．無知8．suffervi.受苦，受折磨；變差vt.遭受，蒙受→sufferingn．痛苦，苦難→sufferern．患者，受難者9．explodevi.爆炸；(憤怒等感情)爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)vt.使爆炸→explosionn．爆炸；爆發(fā)10．respectvt.尊重，尊敬n．尊敬，敬意；重視；方面→respectfuladj.表示敬意的；尊重的→respectableadj.體面的；值得尊敬的11．efficientadj.效率高的，有功效的→efficiencyn．效率；效能12．reflectionn．沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflectv．反思；反射13．benefitn．優(yōu)勢(shì)，益處，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的→beneficiaryn.受益者14．failuren．失??；失敗的人(或事)；未履行；故障→failvi.&vt.失敗；不及格15．recognizevt.承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出，辨別出→recognitionn．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可；承認(rèn)16．deathn．死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)→deadadj.死的→dievi.死亡→dyingadj.垂死的，氣息奄奄的五、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換鞏固練習(xí)：用以上所復(fù)習(xí)的單詞及其相關(guān)詞性，完成以下句子。1.His________forthehero'scouragewasobvious;hewasadevoted________whofoundthehero'sactionstruly________.(admire)【答案】admiration;admirer;admirable【解析】第一個(gè)空格在形容詞性物主代詞"His"后，應(yīng)填名詞"admiration"（欽佩）。第二個(gè)空格由"adevoted"修飾，指"崇拜者"，應(yīng)填名詞"admirer"。第三個(gè)空格在動(dòng)詞"found"后的賓語補(bǔ)足語位置，修飾"actions"，應(yīng)填形容詞"admirable"（令人欽佩的）。2.Afterherealizedhismistake,hewasquickto________tome,andhissincere________wasaccepted.(apologize)【答案】apologize;apology【解析】第一個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"apologize"（道歉）構(gòu)成不定式。第二個(gè)空格在形容詞"sincere"后，應(yīng)填名詞"apology"（道歉）。3.Thesoftsofabroughthergreat________,makingherfeelvery________;however,thehardchairwassimply________.(fort)【答案】fort;fortable;unfortable【解析】第一個(gè)空格作動(dòng)詞"brought"的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞"fort"（舒適）。第二個(gè)空格在"feel"后作表語，應(yīng)填形容詞"fortable"（舒適的）。第三個(gè)空格在"was"后作表語，根據(jù)"however"的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，應(yīng)填反義詞"unfortable"（不舒適的）。4.The________ofthisancienttraditioncanbetracedbacktoasmallvillage;itisbelievedto________fromalocalharvestfestivalandwas________celebratedwithsimpleceremonies,thoughits________formhasevolvedovercenturies.(original)【答案】origin;originate;originally;original【解析】第一個(gè)空格在定冠詞"the"后，應(yīng)填名詞"origin"（起源）。第二個(gè)空格在"to"后，需填動(dòng)詞原形"originate"（起源于）構(gòu)成不定式，且與介詞"from"搭配。第三個(gè)空格位于系動(dòng)詞"was"和動(dòng)詞"celebrated"之間，修飾被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)填副詞"originally"（最初）。第四個(gè)空格在名詞"form"前作定語，應(yīng)填形容詞"original"（最初的）。5.Thebook's________wastorn,butwemanagedto________it,andafteraquick________,itlookedalmostnew.(cover)【答案】cover;recover;recovery【解析】第一個(gè)空格在"Thebook's"所有格后，應(yīng)填名詞"cover"（封面）。第二個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"recover"（修復(fù)）構(gòu)成不定式。第三個(gè)空格在形容詞"quick"后，應(yīng)填名詞"recovery"（恢復(fù)、修復(fù)）。6.__________frommonsense,itisnotfairto________someonebasedonappearancealone;makinga________requirescarefulthought.(judge)【答案】Judging,judge;judgement【解析】第一個(gè)空格Judgingfrom…是固定搭配，要求用ing形式；第二個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"judge"（評(píng)判）構(gòu)成不定式。第三個(gè)空格作動(dòng)詞"making"的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞"judgement"（判斷）。7.Itisunwiseto________thefactthathis________ofbasicsafetyrulesresultsfrombeing________onthesubject,notfromalackofcare.(ignore)【答案】ignore;ignorance;ignorant【解析】第一個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"ignore"（忽視）構(gòu)成不定式。第二個(gè)空格在"his"后，應(yīng)填名詞"ignorance"（無知）作從句主語。第三個(gè)空格在"being"后，應(yīng)填形容詞"ignorant"（無知的）作表語，構(gòu)成"beingignoranton"（對(duì)...無知）的短語。這樣全句的邏輯才通順：忽視他因?qū)χ黝}無知（而非粗心）而不懂安全規(guī)則這一事實(shí)是不明智的。8.Many________inthedisastercontinueto________,andtheir________hasdrawnwidespreadattention.(suffer)【答案】sufferers;suffer;suffering【解析】第一個(gè)空格由"Many"修飾，應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)"sufferers"（受害者）。第二個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"suffer"（遭受痛苦）構(gòu)成不定式。第三個(gè)空格在"their"后，應(yīng)填名詞"suffering"（痛苦）。9.Theoldboilermight________ifpressurebuildsup,causingadangerous________.(explode)【答案】explode;explosion【解析】第一個(gè)空格在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞"might"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"explode"（爆炸）。第二個(gè)空格在形容詞"dangerous"后，應(yīng)填名詞"explosion"（爆炸）。10.Heisa________memberofthemunityandalwaysshows________behaviortowardsothers,whichearnshimgreat________.(respect)【答案】respectable;respectful;respect【解析】第一個(gè)空格修飾名詞"member"，應(yīng)填形容詞"respectable"（值得尊敬的）。第二個(gè)空格修飾名詞"behavior"，應(yīng)填形容詞"respectful"（表示尊敬的）。第三個(gè)空格作動(dòng)詞"earns"的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞"respect"（尊敬）。11.Thenewsystemishighly________,andits________hassignificantlyimprovedourworkflow(工作流程).(efficient)【答案】efficient;efficiency【解析】第一個(gè)空格在系動(dòng)詞"is"和副詞"highly"后，應(yīng)填形容詞"efficient"（高效的）。第二個(gè)空格在"its"后，應(yīng)填名詞"efficiency"（效率）作主語。12.Herquiet________ontheproblemhelpedherreachasolution,asshetooktimeto________onallaspects.(reflection)【答案】reflection;reflect【解析】第一個(gè)空格在形容詞"quiet"后，應(yīng)填名詞"reflection"（思考）。第二個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"reflect"（思考）構(gòu)成不定式。13.Regularexercisewill________yourhealth;itis________foryourbothbodyandmind,andyouaretheprimary________.(benefit)【答案】benefit;beneficial;beneficiary【解析】第一個(gè)空格在助動(dòng)詞"will"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"benefit"（有益于）。第二個(gè)空格在"is"后作表語，應(yīng)填形容詞"beneficial"（有益的）。第三個(gè)空格在"theprimary"后，應(yīng)填名詞"beneficiary"（受益者）。14.Hewasafraidhisplanwould________,butheknewthat________wasthemotherofsuccess.(fail)【答案】fail;failure【解析】第一個(gè)空格在助動(dòng)詞"would"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"fail"（失?。５诙€(gè)空格作主語，應(yīng)填名詞"failure"（失敗）。15.Ittookhimamomentto________hisoldfriend,andthemutual(相互的)________broughtthemgreatjoy.(recognize)【答案】recognize;recognition【解析】第一個(gè)空格在"to"后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形"recognize"（認(rèn)出）構(gòu)成不定式。第二個(gè)空格作主語，應(yīng)填名詞"recognition"（認(rèn)出，識(shí)別）。16.The________ofthefamousauthorbroughtgreatsadness;hewasfound________inhisstudy,havingjust________fromalongillness.His________wishwastofinishhislastnovel.(die)【答案】death;dead;died;dying【解析】第一個(gè)空格在定冠詞"the"后，應(yīng)填名詞"death"（死亡）。第二個(gè)空格在"found"后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示狀態(tài)，應(yīng)填形容詞"dead"（死的）。第三個(gè)空格在助動(dòng)詞"having"后，表示已完成，應(yīng)填過去分詞"died"（去世）。第四個(gè)空格修飾名詞"wish"，應(yīng)填形容詞"dying"（臨終的）。?重點(diǎn)詞組?一、根據(jù)所給中文意義，寫出本單元所學(xué)詞組。1.(關(guān)系)陷于困境,瀕臨崩潰ontherocks2.脫離某人的視線outofone’ssight3.能夠出席,準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá),獲得成功makeit4.社交媒體socialmedia5.不知所措,困惑ataloss6.有錯(cuò),應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任inthewrong7.無論如何,不管怎樣inanycase8.放棄,摒棄;松手,放開letgoof9.依賴,依靠,指望counton10.腐蝕,侵蝕,逐漸破壞eatawayat11.損害……之間的關(guān)系,離間ebetween…and…12.親自,親身inperson13.最有意思(或最令人愉快,最好)的部分highpoint14.不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻,同甘共苦throughthickandthin15.在某人看來inone’sopinion16.克服;恢復(fù)常態(tài)getover17.使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出bringout18.清除(問題),克服(困難)smoothout19.注定要做某事,應(yīng)做某事bemeanttodosth20.呈現(xiàn),具有,雇傭takeon21.最大程度地,最大限度地infullmeasure二、通過語境記詞組：根據(jù)所給短文的中文翻譯，用以上詞組填空。注意動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)等變化。SeeingEyetoEyeTomandhisfatherrarelysaweyetoeyeonhomework.Hisfatherwasalwaysonhisbackaboutfinishingitearly,whichputstressonTom.Oneevening,afterTom’sgradesshotup,hisfatherurgedhimtothinkitthroughbeforerelaxing."Frommypointofview,"hisfathersaid,"youshouldstudymore."Tom,underalotofstress,argued,buthisfatherrefusedtobackdown.Finally,Tom’smomtookontheroleofmediator.Sheaskedthemtoputthemselvesineachother’sshoesandmeetinthemiddle.ItturnedoutthatTomworkedatadifferentrate,andconstantpressurehadabadinfluenceonhim.Aftercalmingdown,theyreachedastrangemiddleground:Tomwouldtakeapassiveroleinsettingdeadlines,whilehisfatherwouldcheerupandtrusthimmore.Thispromiseresultedinlesstension,provingtherewasnopointinforcingopinions.Together,theydrewhappinessoutofunderstanding.意見相合湯姆和父親很少在作業(yè)問題上達(dá)成一致。父親總是嘮叨著要他早點(diǎn)完成作業(yè)，這給湯姆帶來了壓力。一天晚上，湯姆的成績突然提高后，父親卻勸他仔細(xì)考慮清楚再放松。"在我看來，"父親說，"你應(yīng)該多學(xué)習(xí)。"湯姆壓力很大，爭(zhēng)辯了幾句，但父親不肯讓步。最后，湯姆的媽媽扮演了調(diào)解人的角色。她讓他們站在對(duì)方的角度想想，并各退一步。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，湯姆的學(xué)習(xí)節(jié)奏和別人不同，而持續(xù)施壓對(duì)他產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響。冷靜下來后，他們達(dá)成了一個(gè)奇怪的折中方案：湯姆不再主動(dòng)參與制定截止時(shí)間，而父親則會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他并給予更多信任。這一妥協(xié)使得緊張關(guān)系緩解，證明強(qiáng)迫對(duì)方接受觀點(diǎn)毫無意義。最終，他們從理解中收獲了快樂。?疑難長句?1.WhenIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent,shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.（教材p30）【結(jié)構(gòu)解析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句——時(shí)間狀語從句?！癢henIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent”（當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)笨拙的小學(xué)生時(shí)）是時(shí)間狀語從句，由從屬連詞“When”引導(dǎo)，說明主句發(fā)生的時(shí)間。主句為“shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme”（她是那個(gè)愿意和我做朋友的受歡迎的女孩）。主句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)（she/was/thepopulargirl），其中包含一個(gè)由“who”引導(dǎo)的定語從句（who...me），修飾先行詞“girl”，補(bǔ)充說明她的特質(zhì)?！咀g文】當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)笨拙的小學(xué)生時(shí)，她已是那個(gè)愿意與我為友的受歡迎的女孩?！痉聦懹?xùn)練】請(qǐng)使用“WhenAwas...was...,Bwasthe...who...”的結(jié)構(gòu)。1)當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)膽小的新生時(shí)，她是那個(gè)主動(dòng)帶我熟悉校園的高年級(jí)學(xué)生。WhenIwasatimidfreshman,shewastheseniorstudentwhotooktheinitiativetoshowmearoundthecampus.2)當(dāng)我還是一位默默無聞的作者時(shí)，他是那位第一個(gè)認(rèn)可我作品潛力的著名編輯。WhenIwasanunknownwriter,hewasthefamouseditorwhofirstrecognizedthepotentialinmywork.2.ThehighpointofthestoryeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.（教材p35）【結(jié)構(gòu)解析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句?！癟hehighpointofthestoryes”（故事的高潮到來）為主句：其中“Thehighpointofthestory”是主語，“es”是謂語。時(shí)間狀語從句是“whenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers”（當(dāng)哈克面臨是否將吉姆交給奴隸追捕者的決定時(shí)）。該從句由“when”引導(dǎo)，說明主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的具體時(shí)刻。從句中又包含一個(gè)“whetherto…”的動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作“decision”的同位語，具體說明決定的內(nèi)容。【譯文】故事的高潮出現(xiàn)在哈克面臨抉擇的時(shí)刻：是否要將吉姆交給那些追捕奴隸的人。【仿寫訓(xùn)練】請(qǐng)使用“Thehighpoint/關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻/轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)...eswhen...”的結(jié)構(gòu)。1）項(xiàng)目的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在團(tuán)隊(duì)面臨是否要徹底改變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)方向的時(shí)刻。Theturningpointoftheprojectcamewhentheteamwasfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertochangethedesigndirectionpletely.2）這部電影最緊張的時(shí)刻出現(xiàn)在Tom必須決定是否要背叛朋友以拯救自己的時(shí)候。ThemosttensemomentofthefilmcamewhenTomwasfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertobetrayhisfriendtosavehimself.3.Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree"fruits":theymayforttheheart,advisetheheadandhelpusachievethegoalswesetforourselves.（教材p39）【結(jié)構(gòu)解析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句：主句“Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree'fruits':”（總的來說，親密的友誼有三種“果實(shí)”：）；“Generallyspeaking”為評(píng)注性狀語，表明說話人的評(píng)論角度。冒號(hào)引出對(duì)“three'fruits'”的具體說明。賓語從句含三個(gè)并列謂語：a)“mayforttheheart”（它們可以撫慰心靈）b)“advisethehead”（啟迪頭腦）c)“helpusachievethegoalswesetforourselves”（幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)為自己設(shè)定的目標(biāo)）其中第三個(gè)中的“wesetforourselves”是省略關(guān)系代詞的定語從句，修飾“thegoals”?！咀g文】總的來說，親密的友誼能結(jié)出三種“果實(shí)”：它們可以撫慰心靈，啟迪頭腦，并幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)為自己設(shè)定的目標(biāo)?！痉聦懹?xùn)練】請(qǐng)使用“Generallyspeaking,...have/hasthree...:theymay...,...and...”的結(jié)構(gòu)。1）總的來說，經(jīng)常鍛煉能帶來三大好處：它可以強(qiáng)健體魄，改善情緒，并幫助我們延長健康壽命。Generallyspeaking,regularexercisehasthreemajorbenefits:itmaystrengthenthebody,improvemood,andhelpusextendourhealthylifespan.2）總的來說，掌握一門外語能帶來三個(gè)關(guān)鍵優(yōu)勢(shì)：它可以增加職業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，促進(jìn)跨文化理解，并幫助我們以新的視角看世界。Generallyspeaking,masteringaforeignlanguageoffersthreekeyadvantages:itmayincreasecareeropportunities,promotecrossculturalunderstanding,andhelpusseetheworldfromanewperspective.?語法講與練?一、閱讀短文，找出其中的定語從句，然后仿寫。（復(fù)習(xí)關(guān)系代詞）Theoriginalplanwasanefficientescapefromthenoisycrowd.Leo,aboywhooftenfeltawkward,soughtfortinpainting.Heusedanewmedium,asetwhosequalityhedidn'tjudgewell.Whenhispaintingexplodedinamessytrickofcolors,hisfriendMiadidn'tignorehim.Sheofferedageneroussmile,areflectionofherrespectforhiseffort.Leowasreadytoapologizeforthelossoftheirafternoon.However,Mia'sresponse,whichwaskindandwarm,madehimrecognizehisshallowworry.Hehadsufferedasmallfailure,notadeathofhistalent.Thismoment,whichhelpedhimrecoverhisconfidence,becameathoroughlesson.Helearnedtomeasureprogressbyeffort,abenefitthatwoulddefinitelyhelphimgrow.InMia'spany,hefeltadmiredandunderstood,nolongermisunderstood.Helatercontactedhertothankher,apersonwhomhetrulyvalued.【答案】1.Leo,aboywhooftenfeltawkward,soughtfortinpainting.定語從句：whooftenfeltawkward(修飾“aboy”)2.Heusedanewmedium,asetwhosequalityhedidn'tjudgewell.定語從句：whosequalityhedidn'tjudgewell(修飾“aset”)3.However,Mia'sresponse,whichwaskindandwarm,madehimrecognizehisshallowworry.定語從句：whichwaskindandwarm(修飾“Mia'sresponse”)4.Thismoment,whichhelpedhimrecoverhisconfidence,becameathoroughlesson.定語從句：whichhelpedhimrecoverhisconfidence(修飾“Thismoment”)5.Helearnedtomeasureprogressbyeffort,abenefitthatwoulddefinitelyhelphimgrow.定語從句：thatwoulddefinitelyhelphimgrow(修飾“abenefit”)6.Helatercontactedhertothankher,apersonwhomhetrulyvalued.定語從句：whomhetrulyvalued(修飾“aperson”)2.【仿寫練習(xí)】以下是基于短文中定語從句設(shè)計(jì)的仿寫練習(xí)。請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英文。1.李明，一個(gè)總是充滿好奇心的男孩，發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)秘密。LiMing,aboywhoisalwayscurious,discoveredthesecret.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：whose引導(dǎo)的從句表示所屬關(guān)系。2.他住在一所老房子里，其屋頂需要修理。Helivesinanoldhouse,whoseroofneedsrepair.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾物。3.他的建議，既實(shí)用又創(chuàng)新，被團(tuán)隊(duì)采納了。Hissuggestion,whichwasbothpracticalandinnovative,wasadoptedbytheteam.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾抽象名詞（時(shí)刻、事件）。4.那次旅行，讓我看到了世界的廣闊，改變了我的人生觀。Thattrip,whichshowedmethevastnessoftheworld,changedmyoutlookonlife.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾物（trip）。5.她養(yǎng)成了每天閱讀的習(xí)慣，這個(gè)習(xí)慣極大地豐富了她的思想。Shedevelopedahabitofdailyreading,whichgreatlyenrichedhermind.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾ahabit。6.我們昨天遇到了王教授，一位我們非常敬重的學(xué)者。WemetProfessorWangyesterday,ascholarwhomwedeeplyrespect.原句仿寫點(diǎn)：同位語中含有一個(gè)whom引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語，修飾表示人的名詞（正式文體）。?閱讀微技能?SimilaritiesVSDifferences——論壇里兩封回信的異同請(qǐng)?jiān)俅巫屑?xì)閱讀Friendshipontherock:pleaseadvise!這篇課文，思考以下問題：閱讀中如何發(fā)現(xiàn)兩封回信的similarities和differences？以及如何客觀對(duì)待兩種觀點(diǎn)(advice)？通過再次仔細(xì)閱讀，反復(fù)思考，我們可以察覺到：對(duì)Amy的問題的兩個(gè)回復(fù)者（Cindy和David）的異同，并學(xué)會(huì)從中提煉出客觀對(duì)待不同觀點(diǎn)的閱讀方法。一、歸納Similarities（相似點(diǎn)）1.一致認(rèn)同問題的嚴(yán)重性：Cindy和David都首先表達(dá)了理解和共情（Cindy:“I’msosorry!”；David:“Idefinitelyunderstandhowyoufeel.”），承認(rèn)Amy受到了傷害。2.核心建議都是“溝通”：兩人最終都建議Amy與朋友進(jìn)行談話（Cindy:“haveafullandfranktalk”；David:“Talktoher”），認(rèn)為這是厘清問題、做出判斷的必要步驟。3.珍視友誼的前提：雙方的建議都基于Amy本人珍視這段八年友誼（“youvalueyourfriendship”）這一事實(shí)。二、歸納Differences（不同點(diǎn)）1.核心立場(chǎng)與目標(biāo)不同：Cindy：立場(chǎng)是修復(fù)與挽回。她認(rèn)為“thisfriendshipisworthsaving”，目標(biāo)是解決問題、和解如初。David：立場(chǎng)是評(píng)估與抉擇。他提出“it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship”，目標(biāo)是幫助Amy做出是否繼續(xù)這段友誼的理性決定。2.對(duì)“朋友行為”的預(yù)設(shè)不同：Cindy：持相對(duì)積極、善意的預(yù)設(shè)。她推測(cè)朋友可能知錯(cuò)想道歉，或行為有苦衷（“asimpleexplanation”）。David：持相對(duì)冷靜、防備的預(yù)設(shè)。他以自身經(jīng)歷為例，指出朋友可能“ignoresyourfeelings”，引導(dǎo)Amy做好對(duì)方可能不珍視友誼的心理準(zhǔn)備。3.給出的最終行動(dòng)框架不同：Cindy：溝通是為了傾聽與相互理解（“Listentowhatshehastosay”），并共同解決問題（“solvethisproblemtogether”）。David：溝通是為了收集信息以做出個(gè)人決策（“decidewhetherthisfriendshipisstillimportanttoyou”），并坦然接受任何結(jié)果（“friendseandgo”）。三、如何客觀對(duì)待兩種觀點(diǎn)的異同（閱讀方法）1.不預(yù)設(shè)立場(chǎng)，先做事實(shí)歸納：像上面一樣，先將雙方觀點(diǎn)的異同點(diǎn)客觀羅列出來，避免一開始就帶入個(gè)人偏好（如“我更贊同Cindy”）。2.理解觀點(diǎn)背后的價(jià)值觀與前提：分析差異時(shí)，要看到它們?cè)从诓煌膫?cè)重點(diǎn)。Cindy側(cè)重于關(guān)系的延續(xù)與修復(fù)（價(jià)值核心：忠誠、寬容、長期投入）；David側(cè)重于個(gè)人的感受與保護(hù)（價(jià)值核心：誠實(shí)、自我價(jià)值、情感健康）。兩者在特定情境下都有其合理性。3.將不同觀點(diǎn)作為思考的“工具箱”，而非“單選題”：對(duì)于Amy（或讀者）而言，Cindy和David的建議不是非此即彼的。完整的思考過程應(yīng)該是兩者的結(jié)合：第一步（采納Cindy的積極開端）：先帶著善意和溝通的意愿去了解朋友的動(dòng)機(jī)，給友誼一個(gè)修復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)。這是對(duì)八年情感的基本尊重。第二步（采納David的評(píng)估意識(shí)）：在溝通中，客觀觀察朋友的態(tài)度是否真誠，是否顧及你的感受。基于溝通結(jié)果，冷靜評(píng)估這段關(guān)系是否仍能帶來健康的情感支持。最終決策：綜合以上兩步的信息，做出最適合自己的決定——可能是原諒并修復(fù)，也可能是理性地結(jié)束。總結(jié)：閱讀此類多觀點(diǎn)文本時(shí)，客觀歸納是基礎(chǔ)，理解差異背后的邏輯是關(guān)鍵，最終將不同視角融合成自己全面、分步驟的思考框架才是目的。Cindy和David的觀點(diǎn)共同為我們提供了一張更完整的地圖：既有通往和解的橋梁，也有保護(hù)自我的路標(biāo)。最明智的做法，不是選擇其中一條路，而是帶著地圖，自己走完從溝通到?jīng)Q策的全程。1.WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenCindy'sandDavid'sadvice?A.Cindyurgesforgiveness;Davidsuggestsbreakingupimmediately.B.Cindyvaluessavingthefriendship;Davidvaluesmakingapersonalchoice.C.Cindythinksanapologyisneeded;Davidthinksnoapologymatters.D.Cindyseesasimplesolution;Davidseesanimpossibleproblem.【答案】B【解析】B項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了核心差異。Cindy強(qiáng)調(diào)"thisfriendshipisworthsaving"（友誼值得挽救），David則引導(dǎo)Amy"decidewhetherthisfriendshipisstillimportanttoyou"（決定友誼是否仍重要），前者重在修復(fù)，后者重在選擇。A項(xiàng)"立即原諒"和"立即分手"都過于絕對(duì)，原文無此表述。C項(xiàng)Cindy雖提及道歉可能，但非核心；David未討論道歉必要性。D項(xiàng)兩人均未將問題簡單化或判定為無解。2.HowdoCindyandDaviddifferentlyviewthepurposeoftalkingwiththefriend?A.Forlisteningandreconciling(和解)vs.forcollectinginformationtodecide.B.Foronlinechattingvs.forfacetofaceconversation.C.Foraquicksettlementvs.forathoroughinvestigation.D.Forblamingthefriendvs.fordefendingoneself.【答案】A【解析】A項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確對(duì)比了兩人對(duì)談話功能的不同定位。Cindy的談話框架是雙向溝通以和解（"listen"和"explain"），David的談話框架是為個(gè)人決定收集信息（"decidewhether..."）。干擾項(xiàng)分析：B項(xiàng)談話形式、C項(xiàng)談話時(shí)長與深度、D項(xiàng)談話立場(chǎng)均非原文討論重點(diǎn)，屬過度推斷或無依據(jù)猜測(cè)。3.WhatcorebeliefdoBOTHCindyandDavidshareabouthandlingAmy'ssituation?A.Amyshouldendthefriendshipifherfriendrefusestoapologize.B.Amymustmakethefinaldecisionbasedonherownfeelingsandvalues.C.Theeightyearfriendshipistoolongtogiveupunderanycircumstances.D.Socialmediaistherootcauseoftheconflictandshouldbeavoided.【答案】B【解析】B項(xiàng)正確。盡管Cindy和David的建議方向不同，但兩人的建議都最終將決定權(quán)交還給了Amy本人，并強(qiáng)調(diào)她的感受和判斷是關(guān)鍵。Cindy說：“I’msureyoucansolvethisproblemtogether.”她的建議雖然偏向挽回，但執(zhí)行的前提是Amy愿意通過溝通去嘗試，這依然尊重了Amy的意愿。David更直接地指出：“Talktoheranddecidewhetherthisfriendshipisstillimportanttoyou.”他明確將決定權(quán)歸于Amy的個(gè)人價(jià)值判斷。因此，“Amy必須基于自己的感受和價(jià)值觀來做最終決定”是兩人共同的底層邏輯。干擾項(xiàng)分析：A選項(xiàng)Cindy并未將“朋友道歉”設(shè)為硬性前提；David的重點(diǎn)是評(píng)估關(guān)系整體，而非單一行為。此項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。C選項(xiàng)Cindy雖珍視八年情誼，但未說“任何情況下都不能放棄”；David更是明確提出了“朋友來來去去”的可能性。此項(xiàng)與David觀點(diǎn)相悖。D選項(xiàng)兩人均未將矛盾根源歸于社交媒體；這只是事件發(fā)生的背景，而非他們分析的焦點(diǎn)。此項(xiàng)脫離文本主旨。本題通過尋找不同建議背后的“共同基點(diǎn)”，考查學(xué)生在對(duì)比中提煉深層共識(shí)的能力。干擾項(xiàng)分別設(shè)置了“過度具體化條件”（A）、“與一方觀點(diǎn)明顯沖突”（C）和“轉(zhuǎn)移矛盾焦點(diǎn)”（D）的陷阱，要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解雙方論述的實(shí)質(zhì)指向。?技能實(shí)戰(zhàn)?APrincessMariawaskind,friendly,andverysmart.Hersister,PrincessBella,wasbeautifulandpopular.SinceshewasnotverynicetoMaria,theydidn’talwaysgetalongwell.AstheWinterWonderBallapproached,Mariarealizedthatshedidn’thavearidetotheball.Hersisterhadafancysportscar,butMariaknewshewouldn’tletherdriveit.Ontheotherhand,Belladidn’thaveagown(禮服)towear,andsheknewthatMariaknewhowtosew.Infact,shewasmakingherowngown.Bellawastooproudtowearahandmadedress,butallthefancieststoreshadnodressesleft.Bellahadnochoicebuttoaskhersisterforhelp.KindMariaagreedtomakehersister’sdress.Whenshefinished,Bellacouldn’tbelievehowbeautifulthegownwas.Bellahuggedhersisterandthankedher.Sheapologizedfornotbeingveryniceinthebeginning,andsheevendroveMariatotheball.Bothsisterslookedbeautiful!Theyweretheprettiestgirlsattheball,andtheyhadawonderfultime.Mostimportantly,theyweregladthattheylearnedtoworktogether!1.Whatdidbothsisterslearnfromtheirexperience?A.Itisimportanttolookbeautifulataball.B.Thevalueofdrivingafancysportscar.C.Theimportanceofworkingtogether.D.Howtosewabeautifulgownbyhand.【答案】C【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，考查對(duì)文章明確陳述的共同信息的把握。文章最后一句明確提到："Mostimportantly,theyweregladthattheylearnedtoworktogether!"這與選項(xiàng)C完全一致。選項(xiàng)A（在舞會(huì)上看起來漂亮很重要）是事實(shí)但不是她們學(xué)到的主要道理；選項(xiàng)B（豪華跑車的價(jià)值）和D（如何手工縫制裙子）都只是故事中的個(gè)別元素，并非姐妹共同學(xué)到的東西。2.Whatwasthemainproblemeachsisterfacedbeforetheball?A.Mariahadnocar;Bellahadnodress.B.Mariawasnotsmart;Bellawasnotkind.C.Mariacouldn'tsew;Bellacouldn'tdrive.D.Mariawasunpopular;Bellawasnotsmart.【答案】A【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)比題，考查對(duì)兩個(gè)人物各自面臨的核心問題的理解。文章第二段指出瑪麗亞的困境："Mariarealizedthatshedidn'thavearidetotheball."第三、四段則點(diǎn)明貝拉的困境："Belladidn'thaveagowntowear..."且所有商店都賣完了。因此，A選項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了兩人各自的主要問題。選項(xiàng)B、C、D中關(guān)于人物特質(zhì)的描述（不聰明、不善良、不會(huì)縫紉、不會(huì)開車、不受歡迎）均與原文事實(shí)不符。3.Whatcanweinferaboutthesisters'relationshipaftertheball?A.Theybecamepetitiveaboutwhowasprettier.B.Theyremaineddistantand