3/3專題01動詞時態(tài)（期末復習講義）年份卷別考點考情分析2025北京卷現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時【考向透視】時態(tài)考查以“語境化運用”為主，閱讀/完形中通過時間標志詞判斷時態(tài)，語法填空/改錯側(cè)重“時態(tài)呼應”；現(xiàn)在完成時（含完成進行時）、過去進行時是近3年高頻考點。【復習目標】復習需掌握“時間標志詞+語境邏輯”判斷法，區(qū)分易混時態(tài)，強化“時態(tài)+語態(tài)”綜合運用。新高考I卷現(xiàn)在完成進行時、一般將來時新高考II卷一般過去時、過去完成時浙江卷現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在進行時2024新高考I卷過去完成時、現(xiàn)在進行時全國甲卷一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在完成時浙江卷一般過去時、將來進行時2023新高考II卷現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時全國乙卷一般將來時、過去完成時浙江卷現(xiàn)在完成進行時、一般過去時高中核心時態(tài)重點講解高中核心時態(tài)重點講解知識點01一般現(xiàn)在時核心邏輯：表示習慣性動作、客觀真理、當前狀態(tài)或固定計劃/時刻表結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞原形（三單作主語時，動詞加-s/-es，如work→works；study→studies）否定句：主語+don’t/doesn’t+動詞原形；疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞原形？時間標志詞：often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday/week,onceaweek,onSundays等注意事項：客觀真理即使在賓語從句中也用一般現(xiàn)在時（如Hesaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun.）；三單化需牢記特殊規(guī)則（如wash→washes,do→does）【即時檢測】1.Water____________________at100degreesCelsiusunderstandardpressure.(boil)2.Mymotherusually____________________dinnerat6o’clockeveryevening.(cook)3.He____________________playingbasketball,butheenjoysswimming.(notlike)4.Thetrain____________________at8:30tomorrowmorning,soweneedtogetupearly.(leave)5.____________________yourfather____________________newspapersafterbreakfasteveryday?(read)6.Ifit____________________tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.(rain)【答案】1.boils2.cooks3.doesn’tlike4.leaves5.Does;read6.rains易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：三單變化遺漏或錯誤。規(guī)避方法：牢記“以s/x/ch/sh/o結(jié)尾加-es，輔音+y結(jié)尾變y為i加-es”，特殊動詞（do→does,go→goes）單獨記憶。易錯點2：客觀真理誤用過去時。規(guī)避方法：只要是公認的客觀事實（如自然規(guī)律、科學真理），無論主句時態(tài)如何，從句均用一般現(xiàn)在時。易錯點3：時間/條件狀語從句中誤用將來時。規(guī)避方法：遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，如Ifitrainstomorrow（不用willrain）。知識點02一般過去時核心邏輯：表示過去某個時間點/時間段發(fā)生的動作（已結(jié)束，與現(xiàn)在無關）或過去習慣性動作結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞過去式（規(guī)則動詞加-ed，不規(guī)則動詞需記憶，如go→went,eat→ate）否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形；疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形？時間標志詞：yesterday,lastnight/week/month,ago,in2020,justnow,when引導的過去時間從句等注意事項：過去習慣性動作可用usedtodo（強調(diào)“過去常做現(xiàn)在不做”）或woulddo；需區(qū)分與現(xiàn)在完成時的差異（前者無現(xiàn)在影響，后者有）?！炯磿r檢測】1.I____________________mygrandparentslastweekendandhadagoodtime.(visit)2.She____________________ateachertenyearsago,butnowsheisawriter.(be)3.He____________________hishomeworkyesterdaybecausehewasill.(notdo)4.____________________you____________________thefilmyesterdayevening?(watch)5.WhenIwasachild,Ioften____________________footballafterschool.(play)6.Heusedto____________________toschool,butnowhetakesthebus.(walk)【答案】1.visited2.was3.didn’tdo4.Did;watch5.played6.walk易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：與現(xiàn)在完成時混淆。規(guī)避方法：若句中有明確過去時間標志（yesterday/lastweek/ago等），僅表過去動作本身，用一般過去時；若強調(diào)“過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響”，用現(xiàn)在完成時。易錯點2：usedtodo與beusedtodoing混淆。規(guī)避方法：usedtodo表“過去常?！保蠼觿釉~原形；beusedtodoing表“習慣于”，后接動名詞。易錯點3：不規(guī)則動詞過去式記憶錯誤。規(guī)避方法：分類記憶高頻不規(guī)則動詞（如AAA型：cut-cut-cut；ABB型：feel-felt-felt；ABC型：go-went-gone）。知識點03一般將來時核心邏輯：表示將來某個時間會發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：①will/shall+動詞原形（shall多用于第一人稱，will可用于所有人稱）；②begoingto+動詞原形（強調(diào)計劃/打算或有跡象發(fā)生）時間標志詞：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,inthefuture,in+時間段（如intwodays）等注意事項：will表臨時決定/客觀預測，begoingto表事先計劃/主觀跡象；beabouttodo表“即將發(fā)生”，與具體時間狀語連用?！炯磿r檢測】1.Lookatthedarkclouds!It____________________soon.(rain)2.I____________________youwithyourhomeworkthisevening.Ipromise.(help)3.She____________________goingtobuyanewbikenextmonth.Shehasalreadysavedmoneyforit.(be)4.____________________you____________________themeetingtomorrowmorning?(attend)5.Thetrain____________________abouttoleavewhenhearrivedatthestation.(be)6.Ifhecomes,we____________________apartyforhim.(have)【答案】1.isgoingtorain2.willhelp3.is4.Will;attend5.was6.willhave易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：will與begoingto誤用。規(guī)避方法：有明確計劃/準備（如savemoney、booktickets）或明顯跡象（darkclouds）用begoingto；臨時決定、承諾或客觀預測用will。易錯點2：beabouttodo與具體時間狀語連用。規(guī)避方法：beabouttodo本身含“即將”含義，不能與tomorrow/in5minutes等具體時間狀語同用，可說beabouttoleave（不說beabouttoleavetomorrow）。易錯點3：過去將來時結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。規(guī)避方法：主句為過去時，表“過去的將來”用would+動詞原形或was/weregoingto+動詞原形，如Hesaidhewouldcome（不說willcome）。知識點04現(xiàn)在進行時核心邏輯：表示此刻正在進行的動作，或現(xiàn)階段正在進行但此刻不一定在做的動作結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are+動詞-ing形式否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+動詞-ing；疑問句：Am/Is/Are+主語+動詞-ing？時間標志詞：now,atthemoment,look,listen,thesedays等注意事項：狀態(tài)動詞（如like,love,know,have）不用于進行時；可表近期確定的將來安排（如I’mleavingtomorrow.）現(xiàn)在進行時表將來的位移動詞，go/leave/come，arrive、start、travel【即時檢測】1.Listen!Someone____________________inthenextroom.(sing)2.They____________________basketballnow.Let’sjointhem.(play)3.I____________________Englishthisterm.It’sveryinteresting.(learn)4.She____________________TVnow.Sheisdoingherhomework.(notwatch)5.____________________yourbrother____________________abookatthemoment?(read)6.We____________________forBeijingtomorrow.Ourticketsarealreadybooked.(leave)【答案】1.issinging2.areplaying3.amlearning4.isn’twatching5.Is;reading6.areleaving易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：狀態(tài)動詞誤用進行時。規(guī)避方法：牢記“感觀（see/hear）、情感（like/love）、認知（know/understand）、擁有（have）”等狀態(tài)動詞無進行時，表“此刻擁有”用have，不用ishaving（除have表“舉辦/吃”時，如ishavingaparty）。易錯點2：混淆“現(xiàn)階段進行”與“此刻進行”。規(guī)避方法：句中有thesedays/thisterm等時間標志，表“現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)但此刻不一定做”，仍用現(xiàn)在進行時，如I’mlearningEnglishthisterm。易錯點3：表將來安排時誤用will。規(guī)避方法：表示已計劃好的近期將來（如已訂票、約好時間），用現(xiàn)在進行時（go/leave/come等位移動詞），不用will，如I’mleavingtomorrow（不說willleave）。知識點05過去進行時核心邏輯：表示過去某個時間點/時間段正在進行的動作（常作背景，與一般過去時動作并列）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+動詞-ing形式否定句：主語+was/were+not+動詞-ing；疑問句：Was/Were+主語+動詞-ing？時間標志詞：at8:00yesterdayevening,from7:00to9:00lastnight,when/while引導的過去時間從句等注意事項：while引導的從句常用過去進行時（表持續(xù)動作），主句用一般過去時（表短暫動作）【即時檢測】1.I____________________TVat8:00yesterdayeveningwhenmymothercameback.(watch)2.They____________________footballfrom3:00to5:00lastSundayafternoon.(play)3.She____________________dinneratthattime.Shewasreadinganovel.(notcook)4.____________________they____________________ameetingat10o’clockyesterdaymorning?(have)5.WhileTom____________________basketball,hefellandhurthisknee.(play)6.Whentherainstarted,we____________________inthepark.(walk)【答案】1.waswatching2.wereplaying3.wasn’tcooking4.Were;having5.wasplaying6.werewalking易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：while與when引導從句時的時態(tài)混淆。規(guī)避方法：while表“持續(xù)時間段”，從句多為過去進行時；when表“瞬間時間點”，主句多為過去進行時、從句為一般過去時（或反之），如Whileshewasreading,thephonerang；Whenhearrived,Iwascooking。易錯點2：兩個持續(xù)動作并存時的時態(tài)選擇。規(guī)避方法：若兩個動作在過去同時持續(xù)進行，均用過去進行時，如Theyweresingingwhileweweredancing。易錯點3：遺漏be動詞（was/were）。規(guī)避方法：過去進行時結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整（was/were+doing），主語為三單用was，復數(shù)用were，不可省略，如Hewasplaying（不說Heplaying）。知識點06現(xiàn)在完成時核心邏輯：表示過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響/結(jié)果，或從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作/狀態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞否定句：主語+have/has+not+動詞過去分詞；疑問句：Have/Has+主語+動詞過去分詞？時間標志詞：already,yet,ever,never,just,for+時間段,since+時間點/從句,sofar,uptonow，“inthepastfewyears”“overthelastdecade”（高考高頻標志詞）等注意事項：與一般過去時的區(qū)別——前者強調(diào)“現(xiàn)在影響”，后者強調(diào)“過去動作本身”；for/since常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用（表持續(xù)）【即時檢測】1.I____________________myhomeworkalready.Canwegooutnow?(finish)2.She____________________inthiscitysinceshewasborn.(live)3.____________________youever____________________theGreatWall?It’samazing.(visit)4.They____________________eachotherforalongtime,sotheyhavealottotalkabout.(know)5.He____________________backfromBeijing.Helookstired.(come)6.We____________________Englishforsixyearsbynow.(learn)【答案】1.havefinished2.haslived3.Have;visited4.haveknown5.hascome6.havelearned/learnt易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：與一般過去時混淆。規(guī)避方法：看是否有“現(xiàn)在關聯(lián)”——能回答“現(xiàn)在怎么樣了”用現(xiàn)在完成時（如I’vefinishedmyhomework.現(xiàn)在可以出去了）；僅陳述過去事實用一般過去時（如Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.不涉及現(xiàn)在）。易錯點2：for/since與一般過去時連用。規(guī)避方法：for+時間段、since+時間點/從句表“從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”，必須與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，如Hehaslivedherefor5years（不說lived）。易錯點3：already/yet的位置錯誤。規(guī)避方法：already用于肯定句（句中或句末），yet用于否定句和疑問句（句末），如Ihavealreadyfinished；Haveyoufinishedyet？知識點07過去完成時核心邏輯：表示在過去某一動作/時間之前已完成的動作（即“過去的過去”）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+動詞過去分詞時間標志詞：bythetime,before,when引導的過去時間從句，bytheendof+過去時間等注意事項：必須有明確的“過去參照點”（先于該參照點的動作才用過去完成時）【即時檢測】1.BythetimeIarrivedatthecinema,thefilm____________________.(begin)2.Hetoldmethathe____________________suchakindpersonbefore.(nevermeet)3.She____________________Englishforfiveyearsbeforeshewentabroad.(study)4.They____________________theprojectbytheendoflastyear.(complete)5.Whenwegottothestation,thetrain____________________already.(leave)6.I____________________thebookbeforeIattendedthemeeting.(read)【答案】1.hadbegun2.hadnevermet3.hadstudied4.hadcompleted5.hadleft6.hadread易｜錯｜點｜撥易錯點1：無“過去參照點”誤用過去完成時。規(guī)避方法：過去完成時必須以“另一個過去動作/過去時間”為參照（先于該參照點），無參照點則用一般過去時，如Hefinishedhishomeworkat8（無參照，用一般過去時）；By8o’clock,hehadfinished（有參照點8點，用過去完成時）。易錯點2：混淆動作先后順序。規(guī)避方法：“過去的過去”用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的過去動作用一般過去時，如WhenIarrived（后發(fā)生）,thebushadleft（先發(fā)生）。易錯點3：與現(xiàn)在完成時混淆。規(guī)避方法：過去完成時表“過去的過去”，與現(xiàn)在無關；現(xiàn)在完成時表“過去到現(xiàn)在”，與現(xiàn)在有關，如Ihaveseenthefilm（現(xiàn)在知道內(nèi)容）；IsaidIhadseenthefilm（過去說的，僅涉及過去的經(jīng)歷）。解｜題｜技｜巧1.抓時間標志詞，快速定位時態(tài)這是最直接的解題方法?？吹絥ow,look,listen→現(xiàn)在進行時；看到y(tǒng)esterday,lastweek,ago→一般過去時；看到already,yet,for/since→現(xiàn)在完成時；看到bytheendoflastyear,before+過去動作→過去完成時等，可快速鎖定答案范圍。2.分析動作關系，判斷“時間先后”若句子無明確時間標志詞，需梳理動作發(fā)生的先后順序。若存在“過去的過去”（一個過去動作先于另一個過去動作），先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的用一般過去時；若動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時。3.關注主從句時態(tài)呼應主句為現(xiàn)在時（一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時等），從句可根據(jù)實際語境用任意時態(tài)；主句為過去時（一般過去時、過去進行時等），從句需用相應的過去時態(tài)（客觀真理除外，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時）。4.結(jié)合語境驗證，排除錯誤選項若仍無法確定，可結(jié)合句意判斷動作的“狀態(tài)”（一般、進行、完成）。如強調(diào)“正在進行”用進行時，強調(diào)“對現(xiàn)在的影響”用現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)“單純過去動作”用一般過去時?；A通關（測試時間：10分鐘）1.Thesun____________________intheeastandsetsinthewest.(rise)2.Myfather____________________inthisfactoryfor20years.(work)3.WhenIcalledheryesterday,she____________________thephone.(notanswer)4.We____________________apicniciftheweatherisfinethisSunday.(have)5.Look!Thechildren____________________aroundtheplaygroundhappily.(run)6.Bythetimewegothome,it____________________raining.(stop)7.She____________________toBeijingtwice.Shelikesthecityverymuch.(be)8.He____________________toschoolbybike,buttodayhetookthebus.(go)9.At9pmtonight,mostpeople____________________theeveningnews.(watch)10.They____________________thatbridgefornearlytwoyears,anditstillisn’tfinished.(build)11.WhenIwasyoung,I____________________listentostoriestoldbymygrandma.(usedto)12.____________________you____________________yourreportyet?Theteacheriswaitingforit.(finish)13.Thetrain____________________at7:00tomorrowmorning.Weneedtohurry.(leave)14.Whileshe____________________abook,thephonerangsuddenly.(read)15.Hepromisedthathe____________________mewithmyhomeworkthenextday.(help)16.Overthelasttwoyears,ourschool____________________alot.(change)【答案】1.rises2.hasworked3.wasn’tanswering4.willhave5.arerunning6.hadstopped7.hasbeen8.goes9.willbewatching10.havebeenbuilding11.usedto12.Have;finished13.leaves14.wasreading15.wouldhelp16.haschanged重難突破（測試時間：10分鐘）1.Bythetimethecommitteemembersreachaconsensus,theproject______(delay)foratleastthreemonthsduetounforeseentechnicalobstacles.2.Theresearcherpointedoutthattheancientcivilization______(develop)asophisticatedirrigationsystemlongbeforeothersocietiesintheregionadoptedsimilartechnologies.3.Aslongaswe______(stick)tothescientificresearchplanandallocateresourcesreasonably,we______(achieve)thebreakthroughwehavebeenstrivingfor.4.Whentherescueteamarrivedattheremotemountainvillage,theyfoundthatthevillagers______(survive)onwildfruitsandspringwaterfornearlyaweekafterthelandslide.5.Theprofessorexplainedthatthenewtheory______(challenge)thetraditionalassumptionsaboutquantummechanicsandwouldrequirefurtherexperimentationtobefullyverified.6.Overthepastdecade,thegovernment______(invest)billionsofyuaninrenewableenergyprojects,which______(play)acrucialroleinreducingcarbonemissionssofar.7.Bytheendofnextyear,theconstructionofthecross-borderhigh-speedrailway______(complete),enablingdirecttravelbetweenthetwocountriesinlessthanfourhours.8.Thewitnesstestifiedthathe______(walk)alongthestreetwhenheheardaloudexplosionandimmediatelycalledtheemergencyservices.9.Scientistspredictthatifglobalwarming______(continue)atthecurrentrate,manycoastalcitiesaroundtheworld______(submerge)byrisingsealevelsby2100.10.Theauthorrevealedthatshe______(work)onherlatestnovelforfiveyearsbeforeitwasfinallypublishedbyarenownedpublishinghouselastmonth.11.Everytimewe______(visit)thehistoricalsite,we______(impress)bytheexquisitecraftsmanshipoftheancientarchitectsandthestoriesbehindtherelics.12.Thecompanyannouncedthatit______(launch)aseriesofnewproductsinthecomingyeartomeetthegrowingdemandforintelligenthomeappliances.13.Bythetimethestudentsgraduatefromuniversity,they______(learn)atleasttwoforeignlanguagesandgainedpracticalworkexperiencethroughinternships.14.Thearchaeologistsdiscoveredthattheruinsthey______(excavate)formonths______(date)backtotheBronzeAge,whichshockedtheacademiccommunity.15.Theteacheremphasizedthatgoodlearninghabits______(form)graduallythroughconsistentpracticeandself-reflectionratherthanovernight.16.Whenthejournalistinterviewedthefamousscientist,helearnedthatthescientist______(devote)hisentirelifetostudyingthemysteriesoftheuniverseandhadmaderemarkableachievements.【答案】1.hasbeendelayed（考察現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)，bythetime引導時間狀語從句，主句強調(diào)動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的影響）2.haddeveloped（考察過去完成時，longbefore引導的時間狀語從句提示動作發(fā)生在過去動作adopted之前）3.stick;willachieve（考察一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時，aslongas引導條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則）4.hadbeensurviving（考察過去完成進行時，fornearlyaweek提示動作在過去動作found之前持續(xù)進行）5.challenged（考察一般過去時，and連接并列謂語，wouldrequire提示時態(tài)一致，描述過去的理論）6.hasinvested;haveplayed（考察現(xiàn)在完成時，overthepastdecade和sofar為現(xiàn)在完成時的時間標志詞）7.willhavebeencompleted（考察將來完成時被動語態(tài)，bytheendofnextyear為將來完成時的時間標志詞）8.waswalking（考察過去進行時，when引導時間狀語從句，強調(diào)過去某一時刻正在進行的動作）9.continues;willhavebeensubmerged（考察一般現(xiàn)在時和將來完成時被動語態(tài)，if引導條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”，by2100提示將來完成時）10.hadbeenworking（考察過去完成進行時，forfiveyearsbefore...提示動作在過去動作waspublished之前持續(xù)進行）11.visit;areimpressed（考察一般現(xiàn)在時和一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)，everytime引導時間狀語從句，描述經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作）12.wouldlaunch（考察過去將來時，announced為過去式，賓語從句中“來年推出產(chǎn)品”為過去的將來動作）13.willhavelearned（考察將來完成時，bythetime引導時間狀語從句，主句強調(diào)到將來某一時刻完成的動作）14.hadbeenexcavating;dated（第一空考察過去完成進行時，formonths提示動作在過去動作discovered之前持續(xù)進行；第二空考察一般過去時，datebackto為固定用法，常用一般過去時）15.areformed（考察一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)，描述客觀事實，主語goodlearninghabits與form為被動關系）16.haddevoted（考察過去完成時，devote動作發(fā)生在learned之前，即“過去的過去”，且強調(diào)動作的完成）易混易錯（測試時間：10分鐘）1.He____________________inShanghaifor5yearsbeforehemovedtoBeijing.(live)2.I____________________thisfilmtwice.I____________________itin2022.(see)3.—____________________you____________________hereforalongtime?—Yes,I____________________heresince8o’clock.(be)4.She____________________drinkingteainthemorning,butshe____________________coffeewhenshewasyoung.(like)5.Theplane____________________at3pm.We____________________fortheairportnow.(leave)6.WhenI____________________atthestation,thetrain____________________already.Don’tconfusetheorderofactions.(arrive);(leave)7.It____________________whenwewentout,sowetookumbrellas.(rain)8.He____________________thathe____________________totheparty,buthehasn’tappearedyet.(promise);(come)9.We____________________ameetingat10o’clocktomorrowmorning.Don’tcallmethen.(have)10.She____________________Englishsinceshewas6yearsold,andshe____________________thePETS-5lastyear.(learn);(pass)11.WhileTom____________________hishomework,hissister____________________thepiano.Bothactionswereongoing.(do);(play)12.I____________________abouttheproblemnow.I____________________itoutyet.(think);(work)【答案】1.hadlived2.haveseen;saw3.Have;been;havebeen4.likes;liked5.leaves;areleaving6.arrived;hadleft7.wasraining8.promised;wouldcome9.willbehaving10.hasbeenlearning;passed11.wasdoing;wasplaying12.amthinking;haven’tworked鏈接高考（測試時間：15分鐘）1.（2025年全國一卷·語法填空）“Theplayers’personalities____________________duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways____________________tobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwopointsasagestureofrespectfortheotherside.”(show);(try)2.（2025年全國二卷·語法填空）The“sunshinescentoffreshly