2025~2026學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中學(xué)情調(diào)研高一英語試題(試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，20小題，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WheredidMr.Smithgethisschooling?A.InScotland.B.InEngland.C.InWales.2.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Acalculator.B.Acoffee.C.Amathbook.3.Whichgroupwillthewomanworkwith?A.GroupA.B.GroupB.C.GroupC.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whichideaisbetter.B.Wheretohavedinner.C.Whentheconcertbegins.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewilllivequitefaraway.B.Therewasacallforthewoman.C.Thewomancancallhimatanytime.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforleave.B.ToleaveMolloy’sgroup.C.Tojointoday’sdiscussions.7.Whowilltakechargeoftoday’sseminar(研討會)?A.Dr.Molloy.B.ThomasRobert.C.Apart-timer.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatwasthemandoingduringyesterday’sweatherreport?A.Makingacall.B.Preparingforatrip.C.Doinghishomework.9.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdidthewomandoonFriday?A.Shewenttoaparty.B.Sherelaxedwithherfamily.C.Shewenttothecinema.11.Whydidn’tthewomangoforapicnic?A.Becauseoftheterribleweather.B.Becauseofafootballgame.C.Becauseofherbrokencar.12.Whatdidthespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Mei’sparty.B.Favouritehobbies.C.Weekendactivities.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whenisthemanleavinghometomorrowmorning?A.At8:00.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.14.HowwillthemantraveltoItaly?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bycoach.15.WhatwillthemandoinItaly?A.Relaxonthebeach.B.EnjoytheItalianculture.C.Dosomestudyonart.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeagoodrest.B.Findanicehotel.C.Workharder.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdothesewebsiteshelppeopledo?A.Taketoystotravel.B.Buydifferentkindsoftoys.C.Selltheirtoysaroundtheworld.18.Whatshouldyoudofirsttotakepartinit?A.Buyanewtoy.B.Contactatravelagency.C.Registerablogforyourtoy.19.Whatshouldpeoplemailtotheagency?A.Postcards.B.Photos.C.Toys.20.What’sthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Toshareaninterestingstory.B.Tomakeanadvertisement.C.Toconductasurvey.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASummerWritingProgramGuideforTeensSpendyoursummerwithteens(aged13—19)fromover100countriesasyouexperimentwithwords,tryyourhandatnewstylesandworkwithrespectedprofessionalstocreatepiecesyou’reproudof...allwithoutleavingyourhome!Whetheryouaregoodatornewtoputtingdownyourthoughtsonpaper,wewelcomeyoutojointodayandspendaweekoranentiresummerwithteenagersofyourageworldwide!Ourworkshopsincludes:CollegeEssayGofromcollegeessayideastoexecution(執(zhí)行)inthisweek-longworkshop.Studentswillgainwithafullydrafted,standoutpersonalstatementinhand,andplentyofwritingresources.FlashFictionInthisworkshop,we’llexplorehowasetwordcount(固定字數(shù))rangingfrom5to1,000wordscanleadtocreativefreedom,allowingauthorstodeveloptheirmicro-fictionstorytoitsmosteffectivemessage.HumorWritingWhenitcomestocomedy,thereisdelicateartinvolvedinmakingpeoplelaugh.Inthisworkshop,we’lllearnhowtousewordstosharehumorwiththeworld.ScienceFictionWorktowardsthecreationofasciencefictionstory,andconnectwithaprofessionalauthorforadviceonmakingyourstoryshine.Onlineregistrationisopennow.Spaceislimited.Joinusquickly!Registerfor2or2+workshopsandyoucanget20%off.1.Whatisthepurposeofthesummerwritingprogram?A.Togiveteensprofessionaltips.B.Tohelpteensconnectwithprofessionals.C.Toimproveteens’writingability.D.Toofferteensentertainingactivities.2.Whichworkshopwillashortstoryloverchoose?A.CollegeEssay.B.FlashFiction.C.HumorWriting.D.ScienceFiction.3.Howcanteensgetadiscount?A.Joinover1workshop.B.Signuponline.C.Applyinadvance.D.Registeringroups.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個幫助青少年提高寫作能力的暑期寫作項目的情況?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Spendyoursummerwithteens(aged13—19)fromover100countriesasyouexperimentwithwords,tryyourhandatnewstylesandworkwithrespectedprofessionalstocreatepiecesyou’reproudof...(與來自100多個國家的青少年（13-19歲）一起度過你的夏天，你可以嘗試文字，嘗試新的風(fēng)格，與受人尊敬的專業(yè)人士一起創(chuàng)作你引以為傲的作品……)”、第二段“Whetheryouaregoodatornewtoputtingdownyourthoughtsonpaper,wewelcomeyoutojointodayandspendaweekoranentiresummerwithteenagersofyourageworldwide!(不管你是擅長還是不擅長把你的想法寫在紙上，我們歡迎你今天就加入我們，和全世界同年齡的青少年一起度過一個星期或整個夏天!)”和相關(guān)的具體介紹可推斷，這個項目的目的是幫助青少年提高寫作能力。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlashFiction部分“Inthisworkshop,we’llexplorehowasetwordcount(固定字數(shù))rangingfrom5to1,000wordscanleadtocreativefreedom,allowingauthorstodeveloptheirmicro-fictionstorytoitsmosteffectivemessage.(在這個工作坊中，我們將探討從5到1000字的字數(shù)如何能帶來創(chuàng)作自由，讓作者把他們的微型小說故事發(fā)展成最有效的信息。)”可知，該研習(xí)班適合喜歡微型小說的人。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Registerfor2or2+workshopsandyoucanget20%off.(注冊2個或2個以上的工作坊，可以獲得8折優(yōu)惠。)”可知，申請不止一個研習(xí)班就可以獲得優(yōu)惠。故選A。BMydad,George,onlyhadaneighthgradeeducation.Hewasaquietmanandhedidn’tunderstandmyworldofschoolactivities.Fromage14,heworked.Andhisdad,Albert,tookthemoneymydadearnedandusedittopayfamilyexpenses.Ididn’treallyunderstandhisworldcither.Hewasalivestocktrucker,andIthoughtthatIwouldsurpass(超過)anythinghehadaccomplishedbythetimeIwalkedacrossthestageathighschoolgraduation.Thesummerbeforemyeighthgrade,Iwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield.Heexplainedourbasictask,thetractorfiredupandwewereoff,ridingdownthefieldtogetridofweeds(雜草)withchemicals.Afterashortway,thefarmerstoppedandpointedataweedwhichwemissed.Thenwebeganagain.Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughIwasn’tsurehowmuchitwouldamountto.Athome,mydadsaid,“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup.I’mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold.”Mydad’swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbemineasIwished.Mylaborlastedabouttwoweeks,andthefarmersaidtheremightbemorework,butIwasn’tinterested.IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.Thepayarrivedatlast.Althoughthejobwasverytiring,IwasveryhappyinmyheartforIgotsomethingfrommywork.“Howmuchmoneyhaveyouearned?”Dadasked.Iwassurprised,reluctanttosaymyincome.Thenextmorning,mydad’slivestocktruckstartedrunning.Isawmyfather’shard-workingfigureandthoughtofhiswords“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup”.Iunderstoodimmediatelythatmylaborwasveryhard,butmygrowthandourwholefamilyhadbeendependingonthehardworkofmyparents!Dadnevercomplained(埋怨)aboutunfairnessandhehasworkedforsomanyyears!Intheevening,Dadcameback.IproudlytookoutmyownmoneyandhandedittoDad.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sfather?A.Helivedarichlife. B.Hewaswell-educated.C.Hewasanoutgoingman. D.Heworkedatayoungage.5.Whatwastheauthorhiredtodobyaneighboringfarmer?A.Washtractors. B.Watchthefield.C.Dealwithharmfulweeds. D.Recognizedifferentchemicals.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reluctant”meaninparagraph5?A.Delighted. B.Content. C.Unwilling. D.Stressed.7.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A.Theauthorgavethemoneytohisfather.B.Theauthorfinallyunderstoodthemeaningofgrowth.C.Therelationshipbetweentheauthorandhisfatherwasnotgood.D.Theauthorhasalwaysbeenhappytoputhismoneyintothehousehold.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者暑假幫鄰居除草賺錢，但最后把錢交給了爸爸，因為他理解了父母的辛苦，懂得了成長的意義?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fromage14,heworked.(從14歲起，他開始工作。)”可知，作者的父親在很小的時候就開始工作了。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesummerbeforemyeighthgrade,Iwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield.Heexplainedourbasictask,thetractorfiredupandwewereoff,ridingdownthefieldtogetridofweeds(雜草)withchemicals.(在我八年級前的那個夏天，我是鄰居農(nóng)民雇來在他的地里干活的一群男孩中的一個。他解釋了我們的基本任務(wù)，拖拉機發(fā)動起來，我們就出發(fā)了，沿著田地用化學(xué)藥劑除草。)”可知，作者被鄰居的農(nóng)民雇去處理有害雜草。故選C項。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Mydad’swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbemineasIwished.(父親的話讓我意識到，我的收入可能不會如我所愿。)”和“IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.(我認為讓我拿錢出來是不公平的。)”可知，作者不愿意把錢拿出來，想自己支配。由此推知，在第五段““Howmuchmoneyhaveyouearned?”Dadasked.Iwassurprised,reluctanttosaymyincome.(“你掙了多少錢?”爸爸問。我很驚訝，reluctanttosaymyincome.)”中，當(dāng)爸爸問作者掙了多少錢時，作者是不愿意告知實情的。劃線詞與unwilling同義。故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中爸爸的話“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup.I’mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold.(工作是成長的一大步。我很高興你能為這個家做出貢獻。)”和“IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.(我認為讓我拿錢出來是不公平的。)”可知，作者開始并不理解爸爸說的“工作是成長的一大步”的意義，不愿意把錢拿出來補貼家用。但在最后一段中“Iunderstoodimmediatelythatmylaborwasveryhard,butmygrowthandourwholefamilyhadbeendependingonthehardworkofmyparents!Dadnevercomplained(埋怨)aboutunfairnessandhehasworkedforsomanyyears!Intheevening,Dadcameback.IproudlytookoutmyownmoneyandhandedittoDad.(我立刻明白了，我的勞動是很辛苦的，但是我的成長和我們?nèi)叶际且揽扛改傅男燎趧趧拥?爸爸從來沒有抱怨過不公平，他工作了這么多年!晚上，爸爸回來了。我驕傲地拿出自己的錢遞給爸爸。)”作者主動把錢交給了爸爸，說明他理解爸爸的話，明白了成長的意義。故選B項。CItcanbeincrediblydifficulttoencourageourselvestogoforarunduringwinter,particularlywhenit’swetandwindyoutside.Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.Now,weallknowthatexercisecanimprovementalandphysicalhealthinmanyways.Butwhenitcomestomentalwell-being,there’sbeenrelativelylittleresearchdoneonthespecificbenefitsofrunning,comparedwithotherphysicalactivities,suchascycling.Sothiswassomethingputtothetestduringarecentstudy.ResearchersfromUniversityofTsukubainJapanaskedparticipants(參加者)torunonatreadmill(跑步機)forjust10minutes.TheythenhadtotakeaStroopColorandWordTestwhichisusedtomeasurereactiontimeinbrainprocessing.Resultsshowedtherewasahighestpointinself-reportedpleasureandanincreaseindegreeofactivityofthebrain.Inotherwords,runnerswerefoundtohaveanincreaseinbloodflowinthepartofthebrainthat’sassociatedwithdealingwithfunctionsandcontrollingmood(情緒).Researchersthencomparedtheseresultstoasimilarstudyoncycling,whichalsoshowedimprovedcognition(認知),butnomoodimprovement.Therefore,itseemsvarioustypesofexercisecanmakeusfeeldifferently.Theauthorsnoted,“Givenexerciseismedicine,theeffectsofdrugsdifferdependingonthetypeofdrug,anddifferenttypesofexercisesuchasrunningandcyclingshouldbeobservedtohavedifferenteffectsonmentalhealthandbrainfunctionsaswell.”Sopushingourselvestogetoutsideforarunreallywillmakeusfeelbetter,probablymorethanotherfitnessactivities.Andthesefindingsshowthatwedon’tnecessarilyneedtodoalotofexercisetofeelthebenefitofit.8.Whatdidthenewresearchfind?A.Runningfastbenefitsallofus.B.Runningisthebestexercise.C.Ahealthymindencouragesustorun.D.Ashorttimeruncanbeofbenefit.9.Howdidtheresearchersgettheresult?AByusingdifferentdrugsonparticipants.B.Byinterviewingsomesportsmen.C.BycollectinginformationontheInternetD.Bydoingexperimentsandcomparisons.10.Whichisrelatedtoourhappiness?A.Cycling. B.Medicine. C.Bloodflow. D.Colors.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Weshouldgoforaruninwinter.B.Runningreallybenefitsusmentally.C.Wearesupposedtodoalotofexercise.D.Runningonatreadmillisbetterthanrunningoutside.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了跑步對心理健康的益處，通過一項研究指出，即使是短時間的跑步也能帶來顯著的健康效益，特別是對大腦健康和情緒的提升?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.(但新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是超級快速的跑步也能帶來巨大的健康益處。事實上，似乎僅僅10分鐘的跑步不僅能讓我們感覺更好，而且實際上也能改善大腦健康。)”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)短時間的跑步是有益的。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ResearchersfromUniversityofTsukubainJapanaskedparticipantstorunonatreadmillforjust10minutes.TheythenhadtotakeaStroopColorandWordTestwhichisusedtomeasurereactiontimeinbrainprocessing.(日本筑波大學(xué)的研究人員讓參與者在跑步機上只跑了10分鐘。然后他們必須進行斯特魯普顏色和單詞測試，這是一種用于測量大腦處理反應(yīng)時間的測試。)”和第三段“Researchersthencomparedtheseresultstoasimilarstudyoncycling,whichalsoshowedimprovedcognition,butnomoodimprovement.(研究人員隨后將這些結(jié)果與一項類似的自行車研究進行了比較，該研究也顯示認知能力有所提高，但情緒沒有改善。)”可知，研究人員通過做實驗和比較得出結(jié)果。故選D。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inotherwords,runnerswerefoundtohaveanincreaseinbloodflowinthepartofthebrainthat’sassociatedwithdealingwithfunctionsandcontrollingmood.(換句話說，跑步者被發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦中與處理功能和控制情緒相關(guān)的部分血流增加。)”可知，血流與我們的幸福有關(guān)。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.(但新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是超級快速的跑步也能帶來巨大的健康益處。事實上，似乎僅僅10分鐘的跑步不僅能讓我們感覺更好，而且實際上也能改善大腦健康。)”和最后一段“Sopushingourselvestogetoutsideforarunreallywillmakeusfeelbetter,probablymorethanotherfitnessactivities.(所以，強迫自己出去跑步真的會讓我們感覺更好，可能比其他健身活動更好。)”可知，文章主要介紹了跑步真的對我們的心理有益。故選B。DHaveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandcompletelyforgottenwhyyoucameintoitinthefirstplace?Icouldn’tagreemorewhenIreadanarticlefromLiveSciencethatstated“Thereareseveraltypesofmemories,andthebrainhasauniquewayofforgettingeachkind.”Memorydoessomefunnythings.Whileforgettingisanormalandvitalpartofourbrainfunction,wehavetoadmitthatmemorycanbeamysteriousandnaughtyjoker.Oneofthemostcommonmysteriesisashort-termmemoryfailurewherepeoplefindthemselvesenteringaroomwithnomemoryofwhytheydidso.Everyonehasexperiencedthisatleastonceintheirlives.Wecallita“seniormoment”,butresearcherssayit’sactuallyokaytoputtheblame(責(zé)備)onourdoorwaysandnotonourageingbrains.Theactofwalkingthroughadoorwaysendsasignaltoourbrainsthatanewscenehasstartedandthatpreviousmemoriesshouldbeputaway.Thisiswhatcausesourmemoryfailureandconfusion.Thethoughtswehadbeforeweenteredthatnewscenehaveactuallybeensectionalized(分區(qū)).InaninterviewwithLiveScienceGabrielRadvansky,apsychologistattheUniversityofNorteDamesaid,“Enteringorexitingthroughadoorwayservesasan‘eventboundary’inthemind.”Ifindthisamazing,asIwatchithappentopeopleallaroundmeeveryday.IguessIshouldstoptellingthemthey’regettingoldandactuallyexplainthecause.Formeit’snotdoorwaysthatcauseaproblem.It’sflightsofstairs.EverysooftenIfindmyselfgoingupthestairsandforgettingwhyIdidsojustassoonasI’vereachedthelanding.What’supwiththat?NowifIcanonlyfindoutwhatthatmeans,I’dbetrulyfascinated.12.Whatcontributestoour“seniormoment”accordingtotheresearchers?A.Ageingbrains. B.Doorways.C.Differentmoments. D.Thesamescenes.13.WhichofthefollowingisRadvanskylikelytoagreewith?A.Walkingthroughadoorwaymakesusnervousinthemind.B.Sectionalizedthoughtsdisappearwhenweenteranewscene.C.Toomanyeventsinlifeareharmfultoourbrainmemory.D.Exitingthroughdoorwayscausesshortmemoryfailures.14.Whatmayconfusetheauthor?A.Whetherheshouldexplainthecausetoothers.B.Howmuchhewasfascinatedbyscience.C.Howmanypeoplesufferfromdoorwayproblems.D.Whygoingupthestairsmakeshimforgetful.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShortMemoryFailuresDoHaveScientificReasons.B.DoorwaysAffectOurLong-TermMemory.C.DifferentTypesofMemoriesandForgettingWays.D.TipstoAvoidForgettingWhyYouEnteraRoom.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述大腦會短暫的失憶不是年齡大的原因，它有科學(xué)的解釋?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wecallita“seniormoment”,butresearcherssayit’sactuallyokaytoputtheblame(責(zé)備)onourdoorwaysandnotonourageingbrains.(我們將其稱作“一瞬間的老年糊涂（大腦突然短路、犯糊涂的瞬間）”，但研究人員表示，實際上把原因歸咎于門道（指經(jīng)過門口這個行為或場景），而非我們?nèi)諠u衰老的大腦，也是說得通的。)”可知，作者認為我們有“一瞬間的老年糊涂”的原因在于門道。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Enteringorexitingthroughadoorwayservesasan‘eventboundary’inthemind.(穿過門口進出的時候是作為大腦的“邊界事件”服務(wù)的。)”可知，在GabrielRadvansky看來，從門口出來的時候會出現(xiàn)短暫的失憶。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Formeit’snotdoorwaysthatcauseaproblem.It’sflightsofstairs.(對我來說，不是門口的問題，而是樓梯的問題。)”可知，讓作者困惑的是別人是進出門口的時候會暫時失憶，而他是上樓梯時會暫時失憶。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandcompletelyforgottenwhyyoucameintoitinthefirstplace?Icouldn’tagreemorewhenIreadanarticlefromLiveSciencethatstated“Thereareseveraltypesofmemories,andthebrainhasauniquewayofforgettingeachkind.”(你是否有過走進一個房間，卻完全忘了自己原本進來是要做什么的經(jīng)歷？當(dāng)我讀到《生活科學(xué)》（LiveScience）上的一篇文章稱“記憶有幾種類型，而大腦遺忘每種記憶的方式都獨具特色”時，我深有同感。)”可知，本文主要講述大腦會短暫的失憶不是年齡大的原因，它有科學(xué)的解釋。因此最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是A選項“ShortMemoryFailuresDoHaveScientificReasons.(短期記憶故障確實有科學(xué)原因。)”故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtohaveanattractivepersonalityDemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytomakingfriendsandhavinglastingrelationships.Thesetraits(特性)giveyoutheabilitytoinspireandfascinateothers,makingothersmoredrawntoyouasaresult.Listentoothers.___16___Insteadofrespondingtoatext,openinganemail,orthinkingaboutyournextmeal,payattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Showthemyou’relisteningandinterestedbycommentingonthestoryoraskingquestions.Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.___17___Ifyoucan’tcommittosomething,it’sbettertobehonestaboutitthantohavetotellthematthelastminutethatyoucan’tmakeit.Whenpeopleaskforyouropinion,youshouldbehonest.___18___Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveself-confidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.Know“how”vs“what”.Howyousaythingsisarguablymoreimportantthanwhatyousay.Ifyoutrytogivesomeoneagenuinecompliment,butheorshethinksyousayitwithasarcasticundertone,yourcomplimentwon’tmeanathing.___19___Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.Askyourfriendstomakeyouawareofthewayyou’recomingacross.Showenthusiasmforeverything.Evenifsomethingmakesyouslightlyuncomfortable,handleitwithasmileonyourface,anopenmind,andasenseofhumor.Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouaccomplishanything.___20___A.Tellpeoplethetruth.B.Youmaymakethingsbad.C.Beawareofthewayyouspeak.D.Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.E.Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.F.Askingquestionsisimportantwhenitcomestoconfidence.G.Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.C20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾種展現(xiàn)有吸引力的個性的方式。16題詳解】由上文“Listentoothers.(傾聽他人。)”可知，本空要說跟“傾聽他人”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項“Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.(在當(dāng)今社會，傾聽是一種經(jīng)常被遺忘的特質(zhì)。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G?！?7題詳解】由上文“Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.(真誠地說。沒有人喜歡被欺騙)”可知，沒有人喜歡被欺騙，所以要告訴人們真相，故A選項“Tellpeoplethetruth.(告訴人們真相)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳解】由下文“Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveself-confidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.(你應(yīng)該總是說你相信什么，愿意冒險，有能力承認自己的錯誤，而不用擔(dān)心別人會怎么想。這樣做表明你很自信。這有助于塑造一個有吸引力的個性。)”可知，本段介紹的是讓自己對自己的言行有信心，故D選項“Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.(對自己的言行有信心)”能概括本段主旨，符合題意。故選D?！?9題詳解】由下文“Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.(如果你注意到人們經(jīng)常誤解你說的話，那么現(xiàn)在是時候改變你說話的方式了)”可知，本空要說跟“說話的方式”有關(guān)的話題，故C選項“Beawareofthewayyouspeak.(注意你說話的方式)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選C?！?0題詳解】由上文“Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouaccomplishanything.(不是每一天都是完美的，但是熱情可以幫助你完成任何事情。)”可知，本空要說跟“這樣做的意義”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項“Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.(當(dāng)你這樣做的時候，人們會喜歡和你在一起。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。IrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughsHewasbeinginterviewedbyareporterwhoaskedhimwhyhethoughthewasabletobesomuchmore____21____thantheaverageperson.Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthathappenedwhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingto____22____milkfromthefridgewhenhe____23____theslippery(光滑的)bottle,itscontentsrunningalloverthekitchenfloor.Whenhismothercamein,____24____shoutingathimorgivinghimalecture,shesaid,“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!Ihave____25____seensuchahugepoolofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownand____26____inthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?”Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisa____27____experimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucan____28____it.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifhe____29____thebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderful_____30_____!Thisscientistthensaidthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn’tneedtobe_____31_____tomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejust_____32_____forlearningsomethingnew,whichis,_____33_____,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn’t_____34_____”,weusuallylearnsomething_____35_____fromit.21.A.active B.absent C.creative D.honest22.A.buy B.replace C.remove D.protect23.A.fell B.fled C.escaped D.dropped24.A.inhonorof B.insteadof C.inspiteof D.inplaceof25.A.seldomly B.happily C.frequently D.apparently26.A.jump B.play C.enjoy D.handle27.A.failed B.successful C.fantastic D.painful28.A.drink B.put C.try D.make29.A.controlled B.analysed C.broke D.held30.A.cure B.teaching C.lesson D.instruction31.A.concerned B.ready C.energetic D.afraid32.A.situations B.chances C.times D.turns33.A.afterall B.aboveall C.firstofall D.inall34.A.do B.finish C.go D.work35.A.lovable B.severe C.valuable D.interesting【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一位著名科學(xué)家的童年故事：兩歲時他試圖從冰箱取牛奶卻打翻了瓶子，母親沒有責(zé)備他，而是引導(dǎo)他將這次失誤轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)習(xí)機會。通過這個經(jīng)歷，科學(xué)家領(lǐng)悟到犯錯是學(xué)習(xí)新事物的機會，即使實驗“失敗”，也能從中獲得寶貴經(jīng)驗?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他正在接受一位記者的采訪，這位記者問他為何自己能比一般人更具創(chuàng)造力。A.active積極的；B.absent缺席的，不在的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的，創(chuàng)意的；D.honest誠實的。根據(jù)前文“…afamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs(……一位著名的科學(xué)家，曾取得過幾項非常重要的醫(yī)學(xué)突破)”可知，這位科學(xué)家取得過幾項重要的醫(yī)學(xué)突破，說明他在研究方面具有創(chuàng)造性。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他正試著從冰箱里拿牛奶，卻摔了那個滑溜溜的瓶子，里面的牛奶灑得廚房地板上到處都是。A.buy購買；B.replace取代，代替；C.remove移開，去除；D.protect保護。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“milkfromthefridge(……牛奶從冰箱里)”可推知，這里表達“從冰箱里拿牛奶”?！皉emovesthfrom...”意為“從……取出某物”，符合語境。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他正試著從冰箱里拿牛奶，卻摔了那個滑溜溜的瓶子，里面的牛奶灑得廚房地板上到處都是。A.fell降落，跌倒；B.fled逃走，消逝；C.escaped逃避，逃脫；D.dropped摔落，掉落。與后文“hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit(他能拿著它而不摔落下來)”中“dropping”保持一致，這里應(yīng)是D項“dropped”。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)他媽媽走進來時，她沒有對他大聲斥責(zé)或進行說教，而是說道……A.inhonorof為紀念，致敬；B.insteadof而不是，代替；C.inspiteof盡管，不管；D.inplaceof代替，取代。根據(jù)后文“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!(Robert，你畫的這幅畫真是太棒了！)”可推知，媽媽并沒有對他大喊大叫或者對他進行說教。選項D“inplaceof”強調(diào)“取代位置”，而此處是“行為替代”，用“insteadof”更準確。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很少看到這么大的牛奶池。A.seldomly很少，不常；B.happily高興地；C.frequently頻繁地，經(jīng)常；D.apparently看來，顯然。根據(jù)前文“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!(Robert，你畫的這幅畫真是太棒了！)”可推知，媽媽對作者的“意外錯誤”表示安撫，因此以此感情基調(diào)為鋪墊，這里應(yīng)是表達“很少見到如此大的牛奶池”?！皊eldomly”為頻度副詞，修飾動詞“seen”，符合“強調(diào)罕見”的語義。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們清理牛奶之前，你愿意下來在“牛奶池”里玩幾分鐘嗎？A.jump跳躍；B.play玩耍，參加比賽；C.enjoy享受，喜歡；D.handle處理，應(yīng)付。根據(jù)前文“suchahugepoolofmilk(如此大的牛奶池)”可知，媽媽將這里說成“牛奶池”，之后又說“Wouldyouliketogetdown(你是否想要下來……)”，讓作者下“牛奶池”，應(yīng)是想讓作者在“牛奶池”里玩幾分鐘。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你知道，我們現(xiàn)在遇到的這件事，其實是一次關(guān)于如何用兩只小手穩(wěn)穩(wěn)拿住大奶瓶的失敗試驗。A.failed失敗的，有故障的；B.successful成功的；C.fantastic極好的；D.painful痛苦的。分析語境可知，后文“experiment(試驗)”應(yīng)是指代前文作者“從冰箱里拿牛奶，牛奶瓶掉在地上，牛奶灑了一地”的“事故”，這是一個失敗的試驗。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：咱們到后院去吧，把瓶子裝滿水，然后看看你能不能試試看。A.drink喝，飲；B.put安放；C.try努力，嘗試；D.make使讓，制作。根據(jù)前文“experiment(試驗)”可知，媽媽將這個事件說成一個試驗，因此“try”符合語境，表達“裝滿水，看看你能不能嘗試拿穩(wěn)它”含義。故選C項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個小男孩明白了，如果他用雙手握住瓶子頂部靠近瓶口的位置，就能穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地拿著而不讓它掉落了。A.controlled控制，掌控；B.analysed分析；C.broke破壞，弄壞；D.held抓住，握住。根據(jù)后文“thebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands(用兩只手……靠近頂部的瓶口處)”可知，這里描述拿瓶子的動作，應(yīng)是用D項“held(握住)”，符合“不滑落”的結(jié)果。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多么精彩的一課??！A.cure療法，治愈；B.teaching教學(xué)，授課；C.lesson課程，教訓(xùn)；D.instruction指導(dǎo)，說明。根據(jù)前文“Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucan…(我們?nèi)ズ笤喊桑哑孔友b滿水，然后看看你能不能……)”可知，媽媽帶著作者在后院做了如何拿穩(wěn)瓶子的實驗，這對于作者來說，是一堂課，也是一個教訓(xùn)。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位科學(xué)家接著說，就在那一刻，他知道他不需要害怕犯錯。A.concerned擔(dān)心的，焦慮的；B.ready準備好的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.afraid擔(dān)心的，害怕的。根據(jù)后文“Instead,helearnedthatmistakes…(相反，他了解到錯誤……)”可知，作者認為可以從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，因此，不必害怕犯錯。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他意識到錯誤只是學(xué)習(xí)新東西的機會，畢竟，這就是科學(xué)實驗的意義所在。A.situations狀況，局面；B.chances機會；C.times次數(shù)；D.turns（依次輪到的）機會。根據(jù)后文“weusuallylearnsomething____15____fromit(我們通常從失敗的試驗中學(xué)習(xí))”可推知，作者認為錯誤可以是學(xué)習(xí)新事物的機會。“chancesfor…”，意為“……的機會”。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：相反，他意識到錯誤只是學(xué)習(xí)新東西的機會，畢竟，這就是科學(xué)實驗的意義所在。A.afterall畢竟，最終；B.aboveall首先，最重要的是；C.firstofall第一，首先；D.inall總共。根據(jù)后文“whatscientificexperimentsareallabout(科學(xué)實驗的實質(zhì))”可知，這里在強調(diào)科學(xué)的實質(zhì)，應(yīng)是用“afterall”，用于強調(diào)“最終的核心事實”。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：即便實驗“沒有成功”，我們通常也能從