2025考研英語二真題集解析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theconceptofa"digitalnative"hasbeenwidelydiscussedinrecentyears,referringtoindividualswhohavegrownupduringthedigitalageandhaveaninherentabilitytoutilizedigitaltechnologyeffortlessly.However,thetermitselfhasattractedconsiderablecriticism.Somearguethatitoversimplifiesthecomplexrelationshipbetweenpeopleandtechnology,suggestingthatnotallindividualsexposedtodigitaltoolsatayoungagebecomeadeptatusingtheminmeaningfulways.Theypointoutthatdigitalliteracyisnotaninnatequalitybutratheraskillthatneedstobeactivelydevelopedthrougheducationandpractice.Furthermore,thedigitalnativeargumentoften忽略sthesignificantsocio-economicdisparitiesthatexistinaccesstotechnology.Whileitistruethatmanychildrentodayaresurroundedbydigitaldevices,thisisnotuniversallythecase.Thedigitaldivide,whichreferstothegapbetweenthosewhohavereadyaccesstocomputersandtheinternetandthosewhodonot,remainsacriticalissueinmanypartsoftheworld.Therefore,labelingsomeonea"digitalnative"basedsolelyontheiragemightbemisleading,astheirabilitytoengagewithdigitaltechnologyisheavilyinfluencedbytheirenvironmentalandeconomiccircumstances.Criticsalsoarguethattheterm"digitalnative"failstoacknowledgethediversityofexperienceswithinthedigitalage.Growingupindifferentculturalcontexts,withvaryinglevelsoftechnologicalinfrastructure,andunderdifferenteducationalsystemscangreatlyshapeone'srelationshipwithtechnology.Forinstance,achildgrowingupinatech-savvyhouseholdwithadvancedparentalguidancemightdevelopdifferentdigitalcompetenciescomparedtoachildinahouseholdwithlimitedaccesstodigitaldevices,despitebothbeingofthesameage.Thesecriticismshighlighttheneedforamorenuancedunderstandingofhowindividualsinteractwithtechnology.Insteadofrelyingonbroadlabelslike"digitalnative,"itmightbemoreaccuratetofocusondigitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences.Byrecognizingthemultifacetednatureofdigitalengagement,educators,policymakers,andresearcherscanbettersupportindividualsindevelopingthenecessarycompetenciestothriveinthedigitalage.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonforthecriticismoftheterm"digitalnative"?3.Theword"忽略s"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweendigitalliteracyandage?5.Basedonthepassage,whatwouldbeamoreaccuratewaytounderstandindividuals'relationshipswithtechnology?Passage2Inrecentdecades,thefieldofartificialintelligence(AI)haswitnessedremarkableadvancements,leadingtothedevelopmentofsophisticatedsystemscapableofperformingtasksthatwereoncethoughttorequirehumanintelligence.Theseadvancementshavebroughtaboutsignificantchangesinvarioussectors,includinghealthcare,finance,transportation,andentertainment.WhilethebenefitsofAIarewidelyacknowledged,therearealsoconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonemployment.OneofthemainargumentsagainstthewidespreadadoptionofAIisthefearofjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemorecapable,theyarelikelytotakeovertaskstraditionallyperformedbyhumans.Thiscouldleadtosignificantjoblossesincertainindustries,particularlythoseinvolvingroutine,repetitivetasks.Forexample,automationinmanufacturingandcustomerservicecouldresultintheredundancyofmanyworkers.However,itisimportanttonotethatAIalsohasthepotentialtocreatenewjobopportunities.Thedevelopment,implementation,andmaintenanceofAIsystemsrequirearangeofskills,fromprogramminganddataanalysistoethicaloversightandhuman-machineinteraction.Moreover,AIcanaugmenthumancapabilities,allowingworkerstofocusonmorecomplexandcreativetasks.Forinstance,AItoolscanassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimages,enablingthemtomakemoreaccurateandefficientdiagnoses.AnotherconcernrelatedtoAIisitspotentialtoperpetuateexistingbiases.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectssocietalbiases,theAIwilllikelyinheritandevenamplifythem.Thiscouldleadtounfairoutcomesinareassuchashiring,lending,andcriminaljustice.AddressingthesebiasesrequirescarefulconsiderationofthedatausedtotrainAImodelsandthedevelopmentofethicalguidelinesforAIdevelopmentanddeployment.Ultimately,theimpactofAIonemploymentwilldependonvariousfactors,includingthepaceoftechnologicaladvancement,theadaptabilityoftheworkforce,andthepoliciesimplementedbygovernmentsandorganizations.WhilethetransitiontoanAI-driveneconomymayposechallenges,italsopresentsopportunitiesforinnovationandgrowth.Itiscrucialforsocietytoprepareforthisfuturebyinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramsthatequipworkerswiththeskillsneededtothriveinanincreasinglyautomatedworld.6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialbenefitofAI?8.Theword"augment"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisachallengeindevelopingAIsystems?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewaytoaddresstheconcernaboutAIperpetuatingbiases?Passage3Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalfocusforcityplannersandpolicymakersaroundtheworld.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,thereisanincreasingneedtocreatecitiesthatareenvironmentallyfriendly,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyviable.Oneofthekeycomponentsofsustainableurbandevelopmentistheintegrationofgreenspacesintourbanenvironments.Greenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andgreenroofs,providenumerousbenefitstourbancommunities.Theyimproveairqualitybyabsorbingpollutantsandproducingoxygen,helptoregulatetheurbanclimatebyprovidingshadeandreducingtheheatislandeffect,andprovidehabitatsforwildlife.Additionally,greenspacesofferopportunitiesforrecreationandrelaxation,contributingtothephysicalandmentalwell-beingofresidents.However,incorporatinggreenspacesintourbanareasisnotwithoutitschallenges.Landscarcityandhighrealestatecostsinmanycitiesmakeitdifficulttoallocatelandforparksandothergreenareas.Furthermore,themaintenanceofgreenspacesrequiressignificantresources,includingwater,labor,andfunding.Thesechallengeshighlighttheneedforinnovativeapproachestourbanplanningthatcanmaximizethebenefitsofgreenspaceswhileminimizingcosts.Anotherchallengeisensuringequitableaccesstogreenspacesforallresidents.Inmanycities,greenspacesareconcentratedincertainareas,makingitdifficultforpeoplelivingindistantorlessaffluentneighborhoodstoaccessthem.Thiscanleadtodisparitiesinhealthoutcomesandqualityoflifebetweendifferentcommunities.Toaddressthisissue,plannersneedtoconsiderthedistributionofgreenspacesanddevelopstrategiestoensurethatallresidentshaveaccesstotheseimportantresources.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsofsustainableurbandevelopmentandtheintegrationofgreenspacesareundeniable.Citiesthatprioritizesustainabilityandinvestingreeninfrastructurearelikelytoattractmoreresidents,improvethequalityoflifeforexistingresidents,andcontributetoamoresustainablefuture.Astheworldcontinuestourbanize,sustainableurbandevelopmentwillbeessentialforcreatingcitiesthatareresilient,equitable,andthriving.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneenvironmentalbenefitofgreenspaces?13.Theword"disparities"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisagoalofsustainableurbandevelopment?15.Basedonthepassage,whatisonereasonwhyincorporatinggreenspacesintourbanareascanbechallenging?第二部分翻譯TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestothefieldofeducation.Ontheonehand,AI-poweredtoolscanprovidepersonalizedlearningexperiencesforstudents,adaptingtotheirindividualneedsandlearningpaces.Thesetoolscanofferimmediatefeedback,identifyareaswherestudentsarestruggling,andsuggesttailoredresourcestohelpthemimprove.Ontheotherhand,theintegrationofAIintoeducationraisesconcernsaboutthepotentialdisplacementofteachersandthehomogenizationoflearningexperiences.ItiscrucialforeducatorsandpolicymakerstocarefullyconsidertheseissuesanddevelopstrategiestoensurethatAIisusedtoenhance,ratherthanreplace,thehumanelementineducation.第三部分寫作directions:Writeanessayof100-120wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Intheessay,youshoulddescribethepictureandinterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyoursuggestions.YoushouldwriteneatlyonAnswerSheet2.(Writeyouressayonthenextpage.)[Insertapicturehere:Apersonstandingatacrossroads,lookingatfourdifferentsignspointingindifferentdirections:"Study","Work","Travel",and"Family".]試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.B解析思路：文章首段提出“digitalnative”概念并引出對其的批評，隨后各段從不同角度闡述批評的原因。因此，主旨是分析該概念的不足之處，而非介紹其定義或優(yōu)點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)“分析‘?dāng)?shù)字原住民’概念的主要批評”與主旨一致。2.D解析思路：第二段明確提到“digitaldivide”即接觸技術(shù)的差距，并指出這不是所有人都能享受的，這是對“數(shù)字原住民”標(biāo)簽的一個(gè)主要批評，即其忽略了社會經(jīng)濟(jì)差異導(dǎo)致的不平等訪問機(jī)會。D項(xiàng)“忽略了接觸技術(shù)的巨大社會經(jīng)濟(jì)差異”符合此意。3.A解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“忽略s”指沒有注意到、沒有考慮到。“oversimplifies”意為過分簡化。結(jié)合起來，這里指“數(shù)字原住民”概念過分簡化了人與人之間與技術(shù)之間復(fù)雜的關(guān)系，即沒有考慮到其復(fù)雜性。A項(xiàng)“忽略”在此語境下最接近。4.A解析思路：第三段批評“digitalnative”標(biāo)簽不能反映個(gè)體差異，能力受環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況影響。第四段明確指出，更準(zhǔn)確的理解應(yīng)關(guān)注“digitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences”（數(shù)字素養(yǎng)、技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)），而非僅僅年齡。這表明數(shù)字素養(yǎng)與年齡并非直接相關(guān)，而是與后天習(xí)得相關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“數(shù)字素養(yǎng)并非天生的，而是需要后天積極發(fā)展”符合此意。5.C解析思路：文章批判了“digitalnative”這一籠統(tǒng)標(biāo)簽，并建議關(guān)注更具體的方面。第四段提出應(yīng)關(guān)注“digitalliteracy,skills,andexperiences”（數(shù)字素養(yǎng)、技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)）。C項(xiàng)“關(guān)注個(gè)體的數(shù)字素養(yǎng)、技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)”是文章所提倡的更準(zhǔn)確的理解方式。6.A解析思路：文章首段提到AI的顯著進(jìn)步及其在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的變革，隨后主要討論了AI對就業(yè)的潛在影響，包括擔(dān)憂和機(jī)遇。核心是圍繞AI及其影響展開，特別是對工作的作用。A項(xiàng)“人工智能及其對就業(yè)的影響”概括了全文的主要內(nèi)容。7.B解析思路：第四段明確提到AI可以“augmenthumancapabilities”，使工人能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诟鼜?fù)雜、更具創(chuàng)造性的任務(wù)。這表明AI可以作為工具增強(qiáng)人類的能力。B項(xiàng)“增強(qiáng)人類能力”符合此意。8.B解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“augment”在此處意為增強(qiáng)、加強(qiáng)。AI工具輔助醫(yī)生，是加強(qiáng)了醫(yī)生的能力。B項(xiàng)“增強(qiáng)”符合此意。9.D解析思路：第四段提到AI系統(tǒng)可能“perpetuateexistingbiases”（延續(xù)現(xiàn)有偏見），因?yàn)樗鼈兓谟?xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)，如果數(shù)據(jù)有偏見，AI也會繼承放大。這表明一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是確保AI系統(tǒng)本身不帶偏見。D項(xiàng)“確保人工智能系統(tǒng)本身沒有偏見”符合此意。10.C解析思路：第四段指出AI可能延續(xù)偏見，原因是訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)反映社會偏見。末句提出解決方案是“carefullyconsiderthedatausedtotrainAImodels”（仔細(xì)考慮用于訓(xùn)練AI模型的數(shù)據(jù)）。C項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)考慮用于訓(xùn)練人工智能模型的數(shù)據(jù)”是文中提出的具體方法。11.C解析思路：文章首段提出可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的概念和必要性。隨后各段從環(huán)境、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)角度闡述其益處，并討論了實(shí)施中的挑戰(zhàn)。核心是探討實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的目標(biāo)及其重要性。C項(xiàng)“探討可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的目標(biāo)、益處及挑戰(zhàn)”概括了全文主旨。12.A解析思路：第二段明確提到綠色空間通過吸收污染物、產(chǎn)生氧氣來“improveairquality”（改善空氣質(zhì)量）。A項(xiàng)“改善空氣質(zhì)量”符合此意。13.B解析思路：第四段提到在許多城市，綠色空間分布不均，導(dǎo)致不同社區(qū)在健康和生活質(zhì)量上存在“disparities”。結(jié)合語境，這里指綠色空間可及性不同導(dǎo)致的不平等、差距。B項(xiàng)“差距”