結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法研究現(xiàn)狀文獻(xiàn)綜述1.1抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法發(fā)展概論20世紀(jì)初，Panetti首先提出采用靜力法計(jì)算地震作用，進(jìn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)，拉開(kāi)了結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)理論研究的序幕。隨著科研人員對(duì)地震動(dòng)和結(jié)構(gòu)地震反應(yīng)特性研究的不斷深入，計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)地震作用的方法先后經(jīng)歷了靜力分析法、反應(yīng)譜法以及時(shí)程分析法等多個(gè)階段。結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法也從最初的基于承載力的抗震設(shè)計(jì)，到考慮結(jié)構(gòu)延性的承載力-延性組合設(shè)計(jì)理論，再到基于能量、基于損傷的抗震設(shè)計(jì)理論，直至目前基于性能的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法。20世紀(jì)80~90年代，各國(guó)抗震規(guī)范較多采用的是考慮結(jié)構(gòu)延性的承載力-延性組合設(shè)計(jì)理論。該方法可保證結(jié)構(gòu)在小震下和正常使用階段滿足正常使用的功能要求，并且可以避免結(jié)構(gòu)在大震下發(fā)生倒塌以保障生命安全。但是多次震害表明，雖然按照抗震規(guī)范進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)可以保障人身安全，但是強(qiáng)震作用下無(wú)法將結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷控制在預(yù)期的范圍內(nèi)，并且往往主體結(jié)構(gòu)損傷嚴(yán)重，造成結(jié)構(gòu)震后修復(fù)費(fèi)用較高，給社會(huì)帶來(lái)了巨大的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。這使得抗震研究人員意識(shí)到按照抗震規(guī)范進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)已難以滿足社會(huì)的需求，保證結(jié)構(gòu)大震不倒的前提下，仍需探索如何降低結(jié)構(gòu)在強(qiáng)震下的損傷狀態(tài)。在這樣的背景下，基于性能的抗震設(shè)計(jì)理念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，其最早是由美國(guó)學(xué)者Bertero等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bertero</Author><Year>1994</Year><RecNum>2009</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[18]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2009</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2009</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bertero,V.V.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Majorissuesandfuturedirectionsinearthquake-resistantdesign</title></titles><dates><year>1994</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Bertero,1994#2009"18]提出，該設(shè)計(jì)概念一經(jīng)提出，就得到了各國(guó)學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。美國(guó)、日本以及歐洲各國(guó)根據(jù)該設(shè)計(jì)理念，對(duì)其抗震規(guī)范進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[\o"Council,1996#2010"19-23]，我國(guó)抗震規(guī)范中也給出了結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件抗震性能設(shè)計(jì)方法ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>朱炳寅</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>2016</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[3]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2016</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2016</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>朱炳寅</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范應(yīng)用與分析:GB50011-2010</title></titles><dates><year>2011</year></dates><publisher>建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范應(yīng)用與分析:GB50011-2010</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"朱炳寅,2011#2016"3]?；谛阅艿目拐鹪O(shè)計(jì)思想是根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的用途和使用者的要求，綜合考慮建造成本和結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力等因素確定結(jié)構(gòu)性能目標(biāo)，按照該目標(biāo)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，使設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)在未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的地震作用下具有預(yù)期的性能水平，若所設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不滿足預(yù)期的抗震要求，則重新進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，直至滿足要求。為了明確基于性能抗震設(shè)計(jì)中的性能目標(biāo)，美國(guó)工程師協(xié)會(huì)公布的SEAOCVision2000中提出了四種結(jié)構(gòu)性能水準(zhǔn)和抗震設(shè)防水準(zhǔn)以及三種性能目標(biāo)ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Seaoc</Author><Year>1995</Year><RecNum>2018</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[24]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2018</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2018</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Seaoc</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>performancebasedseismicengineeringofbuilding</title><secondary-title>Vision</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Vision</full-title></periodical><dates><year>1995</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Seaoc,1995#2018"24]，如圖1.1所示。圖1.1SEAOC-Vision2000給出的抗震設(shè)計(jì)性能目標(biāo)Fig.1.1SeismicperformanceobjectivesproposedbySEAOCVision2000基于性能的抗震設(shè)計(jì)首先需建立結(jié)構(gòu)性能水準(zhǔn)與結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)指標(biāo)之間的關(guān)系，即采用反映結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的性能指標(biāo)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)不同的性能水準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行量化。結(jié)構(gòu)的變形、剛度、能量和損傷均可以作為結(jié)構(gòu)的性能指標(biāo)，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)中所采用結(jié)構(gòu)性能指標(biāo)的不同，基于性能的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法主要包括基于位移、基于能量、基于損傷性能的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法等。1.2基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)是將結(jié)構(gòu)的性能目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)化為結(jié)構(gòu)的位移反應(yīng)，通過(guò)合理設(shè)計(jì)使結(jié)構(gòu)在預(yù)期地震作用下的位移滿足要求來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期的性能目標(biāo)。目前，基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法主要包括延性系數(shù)法、能力譜法以及直接基于位移設(shè)計(jì)方法。（1）延性系數(shù)法該方法是保證構(gòu)件延性的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法，既有研究較多通過(guò)建立構(gòu)件延性與混凝土極限壓應(yīng)變之間的關(guān)系，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)需求對(duì)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行配箍設(shè)計(jì)，使得構(gòu)件具備足夠的延性和變形能力?，F(xiàn)行抗震規(guī)范ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>朱炳寅</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>2016</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[3]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2016</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2016</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>朱炳寅</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范應(yīng)用與分析:GB50011-2010</title></titles><dates><year>2011</year></dates><publisher>建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范應(yīng)用與分析:GB50011-2010</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"朱炳寅,2011#2016"3]在基于承載力設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)構(gòu)造措施保證構(gòu)件的延性，就屬于延性系數(shù)法。（2）能力譜法能力譜法最早由Freeman等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Freeman</Author><Year>1975</Year><RecNum>2020</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2020</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2020</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Freeman,S.A.</author><author>Nicoletti,J.P.</author><author>Tyrell,J.V.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>EvaluationsofExistingBuildingsforSeismicRisk-ACaseStudyofPugetSoundNavalShipyard,Breme</title><secondary-title>journalofzhejianguniversityscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>journalofzhejianguniversityscience</full-title></periodical><dates><year>1975</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Freeman,1975#2020"25]提出，該方法首先需建立結(jié)構(gòu)的能力譜線和需求譜線，并將結(jié)構(gòu)的能力譜線和需求譜線置于同一坐標(biāo)系中，兩條譜線的交點(diǎn)即為結(jié)構(gòu)的“性能點(diǎn)”，判斷性能點(diǎn)與目標(biāo)位移的誤差是否在容許范圍內(nèi)，若不滿足要求，則重新進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，直至滿足要求。我國(guó)學(xué)者針對(duì)高性能結(jié)構(gòu)基于能力譜法的抗震設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)取得了一定的研究成果。如梁興文等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>張思海</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>2022</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[26]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2022</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2022</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>張思海</author><author>梁興文</author><author>鄧明科</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>被動(dòng)耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于能力譜法的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法研究</title><secondary-title>土木工程學(xué)報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>土木工程學(xué)報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>26-32</pages><number>07</number><dates><year>2006</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"張思海,2006#2022"26]采用層間位移角劃分消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的性能水準(zhǔn)，提出消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于能力譜法的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法。該方法首先根據(jù)性能目標(biāo)確定阻尼器的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和布置數(shù)量，對(duì)布置阻尼器后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行抗震性能評(píng)價(jià)驗(yàn)證結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移角是否滿足預(yù)期性能目標(biāo)，并結(jié)合具體算例驗(yàn)證了該設(shè)計(jì)方法的準(zhǔn)確性及實(shí)用性。韓建平等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>韓建平</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>2023</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[27]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2023</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2023</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>韓建平</author><author>閻茹</author><author>李慧</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>基于性能的黏彈性阻尼器減震結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)</title><secondary-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng)</full-title></periodical><pages>175-181</pages><volume>28</volume><number>001</number><dates><year>2008</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"韓建平,2008#2023"27]以規(guī)范彈性反應(yīng)譜為基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)Vidic模型ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>None</Author><Year>1994</Year><RecNum>2024</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[28]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2024</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2024</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>None</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Consistentinelasticdesignspectra:strengthanddisplacement:T.Vidic,P.Fajfar&M.Fischinger,EarthquakeEngineering&StructuralDynamics,23(5),1994,pp507–521</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofRockMechanicsandMiningSciences&GeomechanicsAbstracts</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofRockMechanicsandMiningSciences&GeomechanicsAbstracts</full-title></periodical><pages>236-0</pages><volume>31</volume><number>5</number><dates><year>1994</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"None,1994#2024"28]建立彈塑性反應(yīng)譜，提出了黏彈性阻尼器減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于能力譜法的設(shè)計(jì)方法，算例結(jié)果表明采用修正的Vidic模型ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>None</Author><Year>1994</Year><RecNum>2024</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[28]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2024</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2024</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>None</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Consistentinelasticdesignspectra:strengthanddisplacement:T.Vidic,P.Fajfar&M.Fischinger,EarthquakeEngineering&StructuralDynamics,23(5),1994,pp507–521</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofRockMechanicsandMiningSciences&GeomechanicsAbstracts</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofRockMechanicsandMiningSciences&GeomechanicsAbstracts</full-title></periodical><pages>236-0</pages><volume>31</volume><number>5</number><dates><year>1994</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"None,1994#2024"28]建立的彈塑性需求譜計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)頂點(diǎn)位移精度較高，并且按照所提設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)預(yù)期性能目標(biāo)。馬宏偉等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>葉亮</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2025</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[29]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2025</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2025</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>葉亮</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>馬宏偉,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>自復(fù)位阻尼器耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的性能設(shè)計(jì)方法及地震易損性分析</title></titles><keywords><keyword>自復(fù)位阻尼器</keyword><keyword>附加剛度</keyword><keyword>附加阻尼比</keyword><keyword>能力譜法</keyword><keyword>地震易損性分析</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><publisher>華南理工大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"葉亮,2018#2025"29]給出了附加自復(fù)位阻尼器的減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于能力譜法的設(shè)計(jì)步驟，依據(jù)該方法對(duì)設(shè)置自復(fù)位阻尼器的鋼框架進(jìn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)，并通過(guò)易損性分析驗(yàn)證了所提設(shè)計(jì)方法的可行性。（3）直接基于位移設(shè)計(jì)方法該方法是直接依據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)期的目標(biāo)位移，對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行剛度及承載力設(shè)計(jì)。當(dāng)前，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者針對(duì)高性能結(jié)構(gòu)直接基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法也已經(jīng)開(kāi)展一定的研究工作。Rahman等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Rahman</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>2026</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[30]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2026</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2026</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Rahman,M.A.</author><author>Sritharan,S.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Anevaluationofforce-baseddesignvs.directdisplacement-baseddesignofjointedprecastpost-tensionedwallsystems</title><secondary-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng):英文版</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng):英文版</full-title></periodical><pages>285-296</pages><volume>5</volume><number>002</number><dates><year>2006</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Rahman,2006#2026"30]提出了自復(fù)位剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法，并通過(guò)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)預(yù)期的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。Maley等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Maley</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>2028</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[31]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2028</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2028</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>TimothyJ.Maley</author><author>TimothyJ.Sullivan</author><author>GaetanoDellaCorte</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>ROSESchool,IUSSPavia,Pavia,Italy;;DepartmentofStructuralMechanics,UniversityofPavia,Italy;;DepartmentofStructuralEngineering,UniversityofNaples“FedericoII”,Italy</auth-address><titles><title>DevelopmentofaDisplacement-BasedDesignMethodforSteelDualSystemsWithBuckling-RestrainedBracesandMoment-ResistingFrames</title><secondary-title>JournalofEarthquakeEngineering</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>JournalofEarthquakeEngineering</full-title></periodical><volume>14</volume><number>sup1</number><keywords><keyword>DirectDisplacement-BasedDesign</keyword><keyword>DualSystems</keyword><keyword>Moment-ResistingFrames</keyword><keyword>Buckling-RestrainedBraces</keyword><keyword>ResidualDisplacements</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>1363-2469</isbn><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Maley,2010#2028"31]提出鋼框架-BRB結(jié)構(gòu)基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法，依據(jù)該方法設(shè)計(jì)了不同層數(shù)的防屈曲支撐鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu)，時(shí)程分析結(jié)果表明按照該方法設(shè)計(jì)可較好的控制結(jié)構(gòu)的位移和變形，并且BRB能夠有效降低結(jié)構(gòu)的殘余位移。Lin等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Lin</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>2027</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[32]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2027</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2027</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Y.Y.Lin</author><author>M.H.Tsai</author><author>J.S.Hwang</author><author>K.C.Chang</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofCivilEngineering,Lan-YangInstituteofTechnology,I-Lan,Taiwan;;DepartmentofCivilEngineering,NationalTaiwanUniversity,Taipei,Taiwan;;DepartmentofConstructionEngineering,NationalTaiwanUniversityofScience&Technology,Taipei,Taiwan</auth-address><titles><title>Directdisplacement-baseddesignforbuildingwithpassiveenergydissipationsystems</title><secondary-title>EngineeringStructures</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>EngineeringStructures</full-title></periodical><volume>25</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>Displacement-baseddesign</keyword><keyword>Substitutestructure</keyword><keyword>Targetdisplacement</keyword><keyword>Equivalentdamping</keyword><keyword>Energydissipationsystems</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year></dates><isbn>0141-0296</isbn><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Lin,2003#2027"32]采用等代結(jié)構(gòu)法模擬結(jié)構(gòu)以及耗能裝置的力學(xué)特性，給出了利用等代結(jié)構(gòu)法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算時(shí)的迭代收斂方法，提出消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)流程，并驗(yàn)證了所提方法的準(zhǔn)確性。李鋼等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>李鋼</Author><Year>2007</Year><RecNum>55</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[33]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>55</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">55</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>李鋼</author><author>李宏男</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>大連理工大學(xué)海岸及近海工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,大連理工大學(xué)海岸及近海工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室遼寧大連116023,遼寧大連116023</auth-address><titles><title>基于位移的消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法</title><secondary-title>工程力學(xué)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>工程力學(xué)</full-title></periodical><pages>88-94</pages><number>09</number><keywords><keyword>抗震設(shè)計(jì)</keyword><keyword>消能器</keyword><keyword>滯回曲線</keyword><keyword>位移反應(yīng)譜</keyword><keyword>時(shí)程分析</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2007</year></dates><isbn>1000-4750</isbn><call-num>11-2595/O3</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"李鋼,2007#55"33]指出LinADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Lin</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>2027</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[32]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2027</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2027</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Y.Y.Lin</author><author>M.H.Tsai</author><author>J.S.Hwang</author><author>K.C.Chang</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofCivilEngineering,Lan-YangInstituteofTechnology,I-Lan,Taiwan;;DepartmentofCivilEngineering,NationalTaiwanUniversity,Taipei,Taiwan;;DepartmentofConstructionEngineering,NationalTaiwanUniversityofScience&Technology,Taipei,Taiwan</auth-address><titles><title>Directdisplacement-baseddesignforbuildingwithpassiveenergydissipationsystems</title><secondary-title>EngineeringStructures</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>EngineeringStructures</full-title></periodical><volume>25</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>Displacement-baseddesign</keyword><keyword>Substitutestructure</keyword><keyword>Targetdisplacement</keyword><keyword>Equivalentdamping</keyword><keyword>Energydissipationsystems</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year></dates><isbn>0141-0296</isbn><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Lin,2003#2027"32]提出的設(shè)計(jì)方法需要進(jìn)行大量迭代計(jì)算，不適用于復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，以結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件設(shè)計(jì)為主，消能器作為強(qiáng)度補(bǔ)充的設(shè)計(jì)思想，給出了消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于位移的完整設(shè)計(jì)流程，該方法以現(xiàn)行抗震規(guī)范為基礎(chǔ)，設(shè)計(jì)流程簡(jiǎn)單可行且易于接受。周穎等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>周穎</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>2029</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[34]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2029</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2029</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>周穎</author><author>肖意</author><author>顧安琪</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>同濟(jì)大學(xué)土木工程防災(zāi)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;</auth-address><titles><title>自復(fù)位支撐-搖擺框架結(jié)構(gòu)體系及其基于位移抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法</title><secondary-title>建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>17-26</pages><volume>40</volume><number>10</number><keywords><keyword>自復(fù)位支撐</keyword><keyword>搖擺框架</keyword><keyword>四水準(zhǔn)抗震設(shè)防</keyword><keyword>基于位移抗震設(shè)計(jì)</keyword><keyword>彈塑性時(shí)程分析</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year></dates><isbn>1000-6869</isbn><call-num>11-1931/TU</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"周穎,2019#2029"34]設(shè)定了自復(fù)位剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)四水準(zhǔn)的抗震設(shè)防目標(biāo)，根據(jù)此目標(biāo)建立該結(jié)構(gòu)體系基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)流程，通過(guò)彈塑性時(shí)程分析結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。綜上，既有研究中針對(duì)高性能結(jié)構(gòu)基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)，大多以整體結(jié)構(gòu)的位移作為性能目標(biāo)，因而只能從宏觀層面上控制結(jié)構(gòu)的整體變形，尚未落實(shí)到結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件在地震作用下的變形能力設(shè)計(jì)，因而難以精準(zhǔn)把控高性能結(jié)構(gòu)多抗抗震防線在地震作用下的損傷演化次序，使得高性能結(jié)構(gòu)功能按照既定次序出現(xiàn)。1.3基于能量的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)概念較為清晰，十分利于推廣，但是其無(wú)法考慮結(jié)構(gòu)在地震作用下的累積損傷效應(yīng)，而基于能量的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法則可以綜合考慮承載力、變形和耗能等多重影響因素，便于結(jié)構(gòu)的性能化設(shè)計(jì)，因而受到研究人員的關(guān)注。1956年，HousnerADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Housner</Author><Year>1956</Year><RecNum>2030</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[35,36]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2030</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2030</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Housner,G.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>LimitDesignofStructurestoResistEarthquakes</title><secondary-title>procofwcee</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>procofwcee</full-title></periodical><dates><year>1956</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Housner</Author><Year>1959</Year><RecNum>2031</RecNum><record><rec-number>2031</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2031</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Housner,G.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>BehaviorofStructuresduringEarthquakes</title><secondary-title>JournaloftheEngineeringMechanicsDivision</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>JournaloftheEngineeringMechanicsDivision</full-title></periodical><pages>283-303</pages><volume>85</volume><dates><year>1959</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Housner,1956#2030"35,\o"Housner,1959#2031"36]首次在結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)中引入能量平衡概念。隨后，F(xiàn)ajfar等系統(tǒng)研究了單自由度系統(tǒng)能量輸入與分配關(guān)系，給出了鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)基于能量的抗震設(shè)計(jì)流程ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[\o"Fajfar,2010#2033"37-39]。ShenADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Akbas</Author><Year>2001</Year><RecNum>2036</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[40]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2036</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2036</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Akbas,B.</author><author>Shen,J.</author><author>Hao,H.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Energyapproachinperformancebasedseismicdesignofsteelmomentresistingframesforbasicsafetyobjective.StructDesofTallBuildings</title><secondary-title>StructuralDesignofTallBuildings</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>StructuralDesignofTallBuildings</full-title></periodical><pages>193-217</pages><volume>10</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2001</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Akbas,2001#2036"40]則提出了鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu)的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展以及結(jié)構(gòu)彈塑性時(shí)程分析方法研究的不斷深入，高性能結(jié)構(gòu)的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法已取得一定的研究成果。如Choi等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Choi</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>2037</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[41]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2037</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2037</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Choi,H.</author><author>Kim,J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Energy-basedseismicdesignofbuckling-restrainedbracedframesusinghystereticenergyspectrum</title><secondary-title>EngineeringStructures</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>EngineeringStructures</full-title></periodical><pages>304-311</pages><volume>28</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2006</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Choi,2006#2037"41]提出了屈曲約束支撐框架結(jié)構(gòu)的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法。該方法假設(shè)框架梁、柱等承受重力荷載的構(gòu)件保持彈性，地震能量均由屈曲約束支撐消耗，支撐的面積根據(jù)需耗散的地震能量確定，并結(jié)合具體算例驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性。另外，按照該方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，可使結(jié)構(gòu)各層的損傷較為均勻。Benavent等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Benavent-Climent</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>2040</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[42]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2040</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2040</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>AmadeoBenavent-Climent</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofStructuralMechanics,UniversityofGranada,EdificioPolitécnicoFuentenueva,Granada,Spain</auth-address><titles><title>Anenergy-basedmethodforseismicretrofitofexistingframesusinghystereticdampers</title><secondary-title>SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering</full-title></periodical><volume>31</volume><number>10</number><dates><year>2011</year></dates><isbn>0267-7261</isbn><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"Benavent-Climent,2011#2040"42]基于能量平衡的設(shè)計(jì)思想，提出了一種利用滯回型阻尼器加固結(jié)構(gòu)的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法，該方法依據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的側(cè)向位移量化結(jié)構(gòu)的性能水準(zhǔn)，根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的性能設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)確定結(jié)構(gòu)每一層所需阻尼器的承載力、抗側(cè)剛度以及滯回耗能能力，通過(guò)振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。葉列平等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>葉列平</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>2038</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[43]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2038</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2038</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>葉列平</author><author>繆志偉</author><author>程光煜</author><author>馬千里</author><author>陸新征</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>清華大學(xué)土木工程系;東南大學(xué)混凝土及預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;</auth-address><titles><title>建筑結(jié)構(gòu)基于能量抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法研究</title><secondary-title>工程力學(xué)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>工程力學(xué)</full-title></periodical><pages>1-12+20</pages><volume>31</volume><number>06</number><keywords><keyword>基于能量抗震設(shè)計(jì)</keyword><keyword>耗能機(jī)制控制</keyword><keyword>耗能分布</keyword><keyword>鋼支撐框架結(jié)構(gòu)</keyword><keyword>RC框架結(jié)構(gòu)</keyword><keyword>RC框-剪結(jié)構(gòu)</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1000-4750</isbn><call-num>11-2595/O3</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"葉列平,2014#2038"43]在能量設(shè)計(jì)中引入損傷耗能機(jī)制控制的抗震設(shè)計(jì)理念，建議從結(jié)構(gòu)體系層次上將結(jié)構(gòu)劃分為主結(jié)構(gòu)和次結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)引入能力系數(shù)和能力比將結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷集中于次結(jié)構(gòu)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)損傷機(jī)制控制。周云等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>周云</Author><Year>1997</Year><RecNum>2039</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[44]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2039</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2039</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>周云</author><author>周福霖</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>華南建設(shè)學(xué)院西院土木系,華南建設(shè)學(xué)院西院工程抗震研究中心</auth-address><titles><title>耗能減震體系的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法</title><secondary-title>世界地震工程</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>世界地震工程</full-title></periodical><pages>8-14</pages><number>04</number><keywords><keyword>耗能減震器</keyword><keyword>能量法</keyword><keyword>地震反應(yīng)分析</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1997</year></dates><isbn>1007-6069</isbn><call-num>23-1195/P</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"周云,1997#2039"44]基于能量法的概念，建立了耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的能量方程，假定地震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)中的能量主要有耗能器消散，而結(jié)構(gòu)則主要承擔(dān)豎向荷載，給出了耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)用、簡(jiǎn)便的能量設(shè)計(jì)方法。李鋼等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>朱立華</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>62</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[45]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>62</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">62</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>朱立華</author><author>李鋼</author><author>李宏男</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>大連理工大學(xué)海岸和近海工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>考慮結(jié)構(gòu)損傷的消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)能量設(shè)計(jì)方法</title><secondary-title>工程力學(xué)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>工程力學(xué)</full-title></periodical><pages>75-85</pages><volume>35</volume><number>05</number><keywords><keyword>基于能量抗震設(shè)計(jì)</keyword><keyword>消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)</keyword><keyword>結(jié)構(gòu)損傷</keyword><keyword>等效阻尼比</keyword><keyword>鋼框架</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>1000-4750</isbn><call-num>11-2595/O3</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"朱立華,2018#62"45]認(rèn)為消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的主體結(jié)構(gòu)在強(qiáng)震作用下也會(huì)進(jìn)入損傷狀態(tài)，以消能器耗能為主，主結(jié)構(gòu)耗能為輔的設(shè)計(jì)思想，給出可考慮主結(jié)構(gòu)損傷耗能的消能減震結(jié)構(gòu)基于能量的設(shè)計(jì)方法，且該方法無(wú)迭代過(guò)程，設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)單易操作。雖然基于能量的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法可以綜合考慮承載力、變形和耗能等多重因素，但是地震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)中滯回耗能分布以及計(jì)算方式均十分復(fù)雜，并且高性能結(jié)構(gòu)因具備多道抗震防線，結(jié)構(gòu)形式復(fù)雜多樣化，這也給高性能結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)計(jì)增加了難度。1.4基于損傷的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法隨著研究者對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)損傷研究的不斷深入，結(jié)構(gòu)基于損傷的抗震設(shè)計(jì)理論也取得了一定的研究成果，該方法是將結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能與損傷狀態(tài)建立聯(lián)系，以結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)期損傷指標(biāo)作為設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)。歐進(jìn)萍等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>歐進(jìn)萍</Author><Year>1999</Year><RecNum>2042</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[46]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2042</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="w525rxxsjxst9lew20rpvtzkwaaw0vravt0f">2042</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>歐進(jìn)萍</author><author>何政</author><author>吳斌</author><author>邱法維</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)!中國(guó)哈爾濱１５０００８,哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)!中國(guó)哈爾濱１５０００８,哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)!中國(guó)哈爾濱１５０００８,哈爾濱建筑大學(xué)!中國(guó)哈爾濱１５０００８</auth-address><titles><title>鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)基于地震損傷性能的設(shè)計(jì)</title><secondary-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>地震工程與工程振動(dòng)</full-title></periodical><pages>21-30</pages><number>01</number><keywords><keyword>鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)</keyword><keywor