第1題Whatarethefeaturesofmeetings?AbeingconvenedBhavingcommongoalsCinvolvingverbalinteractionsDalloftheabove第2題Theword“l(fā)ecture”datesbacktothe________century,meaning“actionofreading”.A14thB15thC16thD17th第3題WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutsymposium?AAsymposiumisaformalmeetingatwhichseveralspecialistsdelivershortaddressesonatopicoronrelatedtopics.BAsymposiumischaracterizedbyanopenlydiscursiveformat,ratherthanalectureandquestion-answerformat.CAsymposiumisusuallynarrowerandmorespecificintherangeoftopics.DIntermsofscale,asymposiumislargerthanaconference.第4題WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutcongress?ATheword“congress”ismostfrequentlyusedtodenotethesupremelegislativebodyofanationandespeciallyofarepublic.BCongressalsoreferstoaformalmeetingorassemblyofrepresentativesforthediscussion,arrangement,orpromotionofsomematterofcommoninterest.CCongressissimilartoconference,butthelatterimpliesahigherdegreeofformality.DCongressissimilartoconference,buttheformerimpliesahigherdegreeofformality.第5題Whichofthefollowingstatementsis/aretrueaboutkeynotelectures?AThekeynotelecturesdoneintheplenarysessionsareoftenlongerthanthosedoneinparallelsessions.BMostfrequentlythekeynotespeakersareinvitedbytheorganizersCKeynotespeakersareusuallyquiteseniororsomehowbig-name.DAlloftheabove.第6題Thechiefcharacteristicofasymposiumisthatitcoversasingletopicorsubjectandallthelecturesgivenbyspecialistsarecompletedinasingleday.第7題TheLatinrootsoftheword“conference”mean,literally,“bringtogether.”第8題Duringanacademicconference,therewillbesomeactivities,likeplenarysessions,postersessions,paneldiscussionsandworkshops.第9題Inapostersessionofaconference,participantspresenttheirinformationthroughaposter.He/shewaitsforpassingcolleagues,tobrieflypresenthis/herworkandanswerquestions.第10題第11題第1題Whichofthefollowingpointsoftheprospectiveaudienceshouldbeconsidered?AThesizeoftheaudienceexpectedBTheattitudeoftheaudienceexpectedCTheknowledgeoftheaudienceexpectedDAlloftheabove第2題Whentheaudienceisunfamiliarwithyourtopic,orwhenyourtopicismuchcomplexgiventheeducationalbackgroundsoftheaudience,youcanhelptheaudienceunderstandyoubythefollowingways:AUseavocabularythateveryonewillunderstandBExplaintechnicaltermsCMakeyourorganizationalplanobvious,andmaketransitionsclearDRepeatandemphasizeyourkeypoints正確答案：ABCD第3題Roundtablesessionsaretypicallybestforpositionpapers,policyanalyses,andothertypesoftopicsthatbenefitfromextendeddiscussiontime.第4題Thecommonformatsforpresentationsincludeoralpresentation,posterpresentation,colloquium,symposiumaswellasworkshop.第5題Asforcontributedpresentations,anyonewhosubmitsaproposaloranabstract,asrequiredbytheconference,ispotentiallyeligibletodeliveracontributedtalk.第6題It’scommonthatthecontributedpresentationsareoflongerdurationthantheinvitedtalks.第7題Oralpresentationsmaybefurtherdividedintotwokinds,individualpresentationsand____discussions.正確答案：:panel第8題Individualpresentationscanbe____orinvitedtalks,whichoftenlast15to30minutesinlengthandleaveashorttime,ifany,forquestionsfromtheaudience.正確答案：:contributed第9題____sessionisvaluablewhenmultipleperspectivesonaparticularsubjectmaybeofinteresttotheaudienceandcanbeputtogetherinonesession.正確答案：:SymposiumExercise第1題Simplyspeaking,theconferenceproposalshouldspecifythefollowingcomponents:anintroduction,themainmessageorcontent,anda____.正確答案：:conclusion第2題AccordingtoTheModernLanguageAssociation(MLA),“alwayschooseaneasilyreadable____(e.g.TimesNewRoman)inwhichtheregularstylecontrastsclearlywiththeitalic,andsetittoastandardsize(e.g.12point)”.正確答案：:typeface第3題Makesureyoureadthecallforpaperscarefullytoconsiderthedeadlineandorientyourtopicofpresentationaroundthethemeslistedinthedocuments.第4題Itdoesnotmatterifyourconferenceproposalhassometypos,spellingerrorsorgrammaticalproblems.第5題Whenyouarepreparingandsubmittingyourconferenceproposal,youshould:AOutlineyourresearchBKnowtheliteraturerelatedtoyourtopicCBefocusedinyourproposalDBeprofessionalincorrespondence正確答案：ABCDExercise第1題1.PowerPointhastheintegratingcapacityinthat______.Aitcouldinvolveinothervisualaids.Bitcouldintegratewithasmanyslidesaspossible.Citcouldhavedifficultformats.Ditcouldlinkasmanyfilesaspossible.第2題2.Thesummaryslideisabout_____A“Telltheaudiencewhatyou’lltellthem.”B“Tellthem.”C“Tellthemwhatyoutoldthem.”Dtheconclusion.第3題3.Whenchoosingacolorscheme,youmay______.Ausepure,brightyellowonpure,brightblue.BchooseverystrongcontrastbetweentextandbackgroundCchoose“blackonblue”or“whiteonyellow”Dchoosedarkgrayonaverylightgray第4題4.Whichofthefollowingisnotthefunctionofgraphics?______AgraphicsmaysavealotofwordsandspaceinthePPT.BGraphicsserveasquickreferencesforthereaderCGraphicscanrevealtrends,patterns,orrelationshipsthatmightotherwisebedifficulttograsp.DGraphicsshouldnotcontainalotofwords.第5題1.Evidenceoftheresearchshouldbeprovidedearlytotheaudiencetoassistthepresentation.第6題2.Sentencesarepreferablethanflowchartsordiagramsinpresentingthesummaryofthepresentation.第7題3.Whenpresentingresult,don’tincludetoomuchinformationandburytheimportantfindings,justcoverkeyresultswell.第8題4.Thereishardlyeveraneedforacompletesentenceinaslidepresentation.第9題5.Mistakesinspellingarenotimportantsincetheymaynotbringadisastertoyourpresentation.第10題6.Trytousevisualdetailsasmanyaspossibletomakeyourbargrapheyecatching.Exercise第1題Bodylanguageisakindofnon-verbalcommunication,wherethoughts,intentions,orfeelingsareexpressedbyphysicalbehaviors,suchasfacialexpressions,bodyposture,gestures,eyemovement,touchandtheuseofspace.第2題There’saBIGdifferencebetweenreadingandspeaking.Dryreadingdisseminatesinformation,oftenattheriskoftheaudiencetuningout.Speakingiscreatinganimpactwithyourcontentandpersonality,sothatnotonlyisyourmessageunderstood,yourprofessionalprofilerises.第3題Useawell-modulatedandvariedtoneofvoice,asyouwouldinanormalconversation,sothatyoudon’tsoundmonotonous.第4題Qualitiesofvoiceincludethreemainelements:intonation,pitch,and____.正確答案：:pace第5題Whatdoesbodylanguageinclude?APostureBGesturesCFacialexpressionsDEyecontact正確答案：ABCD第6題Anatural,straightopenbodypositionisbest.Whichofthefollowingarenotgoodchoices?AArmsfoldedacrossyourchest.BArmsclaspedbehindthebackmilitarystyle.CHandsonhips.DArmsdowninfront,foldedbelowthewaist.ERockingbackandforth.正確答案：ABCDE第7題Whichofthefollowingarenotgoodgesturechoices?APlayingwithyourjewelry,yourhair,oryourclothing;BClickingyourballpointpen;CScratchingyourface,head,oranyotherpartofyourbody;DCheckingyourwatchfrequently;EDrummingyourfingersonthelecternortable;正確答案：ABCDE第8題Whichofthefollowingarepreferablewhenyouestablishandmaintaineyecontactwithyouraudience?AInsmallgroups,lookateachpersonintheaudienceforaboutthreeseconds.BInlargegroups,lookatdifferentsectionsoftheaudience.Ifyouonlylookinonedirectionallthetime,othersectionsofyouraudiencewillfeelleftout.CAvoiddirectingyourattentiontothekeydecisionmakerinthegroup.Itwillmakehimorherfeeluncomfortableandmaketherestoftheaudiencefeelignored.DMoveyourheadslowlyfromtimetotimetogiveattentiontoallmembersofyouraudienceequally.正確答案：ABCD第9題Whichofthefollowingwillimprovethetoneandqualityofyourvoice?ASpeakupBSpeakwithvarietyandenthusiasmCEmphasizeappropriatelyDAvoidcrutchwords正確答案：ABCD第10題Howcanweovercomeournervousness?AIdentifyyourfearsBHaveapositiveattitudeCThoroughlyprepareandvocallypracticeDUseshorterphrases,writeinsimplesentencesanduseeasygrammarELearnrelaxationtechniques正確答案：ABCDEExercise第1題Whatarethewaystocreateabettertitle?ARemoveallredundancyBUseverbsandprepositions,notjustnounsandadjectivesCCheckgrammarDAlloftheabove正確答案：ABCD第2題Titlewillcommunicateyourmainpointandthetakeawaytotheaudience.第3題Addingactiontoyourslidetitlesmakesthemspeaktoyouraudienceandtheybecomemorepowerful.Averbmakesasentencego.第4題Inthetitle"DevelopmentofaPortableDeviceforWorkAnalysistoReduceHumanErrorsinIndustrialPlants”thewords"developmentof"areredundant.Exercise1第1題Whyisthebeginningsectionsoimportantforacademicpresentation?AAgoodbeginningmakesforagoodending.BFirstimpressionsarelasting.CTheopeningoftendetermineshowlongtheaudiencewill“tunein”tothepresentation.DAlloftheabove.第2題Howyouintroduceyourselfandhowtheaudiencereacttoyourintroductiondetermineatleast_____ofthesuccessofyourpresentation.A0.3B0.5C0.6D0.8第3題Whyisitagoodideatomemorizethebeginning4~10sentences?AYoucanbecomelessnervous.BYoucanfeelconfident.CYoucanridethewaveofconfidence.DAlloftheabove.第4題Welcomingyouraudiencewitha“thankyou”or“thanksforcoming”canAShowyoursincerityBShowsyourappreciationCestablishgoodwillaswellasgainattentionDEstablishthesenseofcommunitywithyouraudience正確答案：ABCD第5題Whichofthefollowingstatementis/aretrueabouthowtostartapresentationwithquestionstotheaudience?AIt’sagreatwaytowakeuptheirsenses.BItcangetthemengaged.CItcangetyoumoreconnectedwiththem.DIfyouusethistechnique,waitforamaximumoftwoseconds,andthencontinue.正確答案：ABCD第6題Whichofthefollowingstatementis/aretrueabouttellingajokeatthebeginningofapresentation?AItcanelicitlaughterfromtheaudienceandlightentheroom.BItcanmakethepresentermoreconnectedwiththeaudience.CItcanrelaxbothspeakersandaudienceDItcanprovideattentiontothechangeofpace.EItcannotgotoofarastrayorbeirrelevanttothesubject.正確答案：ABCDE第7題Occasionally,thepresenterhimself/herselfmaynotbeabletobepresentattheconferenceduetovariousreasons.Insuchcases,whatmeasuresshouldbetaken?ACanceltheparticularpresentationfromtheagendaBChangetheoralpresentationintoaposterdisplayCAsksomeoneelsetopresentthepaperDFirstaskforpermissionfromthechairpersonandexplaintotheaudienceaboutthebackgroundifnecessary正確答案：ABCD第8題Ifyouboreyouraudiencerightfromthestart,theybeginshiftingintheirseats,checkingtheirphones,readingtheprogram,talkingtooneanotheranddoinganythingbutpayingattentiontoyou.第9題Beforethespeakercomestotheplatform,thechairpersonoftheconference/sessionusuallymakesabriefcomplementaryintroductionaboutthespeaker.So,itisappropriateforthespeakertoexpressthankstothechairandgreettheparticipants.第10題Manypresenterspolltheroomorgettheaudiencetoraisetheirhands,andcreatecontextandcommonality.第11題DonotloweraudienceexpectationsbyapologizingforthequalityofyourpresentationorofyourknowledgeofEnglish.第12題Whenyougetuptostartyourpresentation,trytosmileandkeepyoureyesontheaudience.Donotlookupattheceilingordownatthefloor.Donotspeakinahaltingvoice.Thesegivetheimpressionthatyoucan’trememberwhattosay.第13題Haveaquickglanceatyournotes,ratherthanlookingbehindyoutorememberwhatisonyourslide.Exercise2第1題Thestructureofmaterialsandmethodssection,ingeneral,shouldinclude:AdescribethematerialsusedinthestudyBexplainhowthematerialswerepreparedforthestudyCdescribetheresearchprotocolDexplainhowmeasurementsweremadeandwhatcalculationswereperformedEstatewhichstatisticaltestsweredonetoanalyzethedata正確答案：ABCDE第2題Whyisitnotagoodideatocutandpasteacomplexdiagramfromabookorpaper?AAudiencescanrecognizeacutandpaste.BItgivestheideathatyoucouldn’tfindthetimetocreatesomethingspecificallyforthem.CGraduallybuildingupadiagrammaytaketoolongandcanbeverytediousfortheaudience.DIfyourealizethatitistakingtoolong,youwillprobablyspeedupyourexplanationandyouraudiencemaynotgraspwhatyouaresaying.正確答案：ABCD第3題Inmaterialsandmethodssection,aftertalkingingeneraltermsabout,thenyoucanAshowadiagramofthecompleteprocess,butmagnifyoneortwopartsoftheprocessthatyouwouldliketofocusonBjustshowthreeconsecutivepartsoftheprocessandfocusontheoneinthemiddle,showinghowitconnectstothepreviouspartandthenextpartChighlightusingacircleoraparticularcolortheaspectthatyouwanttheaudiencetofocusonsothattheywillignoretheotherinformationDuseadifferentfontandabiggerfontsize正確答案：ABCD第4題Forhypothesis-testingpresentation,materialsandmethodssectionistotelltheaudiencewhatexperimentsyoudidtoanswerthequestionposedintheIntroductionsection.第5題Fordescriptivestudies,materialsandmethodssectiontellswhatexperimentsyoudidtoobtainthemessagestatedintheIntroductionsection.第6題Materialsandmethodssectiondescribeswhatyoudidandhowyoudidit,sothepasttenseandpastperfecttensearemorenatural.第7題Ifyouusenumericalexamples,makesurethenumbersappearontheslideasitisverydifficultforaudiencestomentallytranslatenumbersatgreatspeedintotheirownlanguagesandthenbeabletofollowtheexamples.第8題Ithelpstheaudiencetofollowatechnicalexplanationifyougiveexamplesfirstandthenexplaintheprocess.第9題Whenthemainpurposeofyourpresentationistoexplainaprocessorhowapieceofequipmentworks,itisagoodideatouseyourslidetitlestoexplaineachstepintheprocess.Eachslidesimplyhasatitleandthenadiagramorpicture,whichyouthenexplain.第10題Ifyouthinkthedetails,complexexplanations,varioustablesandgraphsaretoodemandingortooboringfortheaudience,itisadvisabletoskipsomelessimportantparts.第11題Insteadofexplainingequations,formulasandcalculationsindetail,youcantalkaboutitsimportanceandhowitrelatestoyourstudy,thengivedetailsinahandout.第12題Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutmaterialsandmethodssectioninthepresentation?AMaterialsandmethodssectioninthepresentationprovidestheinformationbywhichastudy’svalidityisjudged.

BMaterialsandmethodssectionrequiresaclearandprecisedescriptionofhowyourexperimenthadbeendone.

CMaterialsandmethodssectionrequiresaclearandprecisedescriptionoftherationaleforwhyspecificexperimentalprocedureswerechosen.

DMaterialsandmethodssectionshouldincludesufficientdetailsandreferencestopermitatrainedscientisttoevaluateyourworkfullyortorepeattheexperimentsexactlyasyoudidthem.正確答案：ABCDExercise3第1題Itiscrucialyoupresentstatisticalinformationproperlyandaccurately.Familiarizeyourselfwithstatisticalconceptsusedforyourstudy,including________Atests(e.g.t-test,Fisher’stest,chi-squaretest,andmultivariatemultiplelinearregressionanalysis)Bparameters(e.g.distribution,mean,median,standarddeviationandvariance)Cvariables(whethercategoricalornumeric,discreteofcontinuous)Dalloftheabove第2題Whatwouldyoudoifyouhave,orappeartohave,negativeresults?AadmittotheaudiencethattheresultswerenotwhatyouwerehopingforBneverhidethepoorresultsorinventanythingtomakethemmoreinterestingCsaywhatyouplantodonexttoresolvetheseproblemsDasktheaudienceforhelp正確答案：ABCD第3題Whatarethebasicfunctionsofdiscussion?AexpoundingtheinterrelationsamongtheobservedfactsBshowingtheunderlyingcauses,theeffects,andthetheoreticalimplicationsofthefactsCleadingtotheconclusionDalloftheabove第4題Thecomponentsofdiscussionusuallyinclude______:AanalyzingthedataBexpoundingviewpointsCpointingoutdoubtsDstatingthesignificanceEarrivingataconclusion正確答案：ABCDE第5題Whataretheeffectivewaystopresentthediscussionsection?AmakingacomparisonbetweentheresultsandtheoriginalhypothesisBpresentingafurtherexplanationoftheresultsCmakingconclusionsorinferencesDimplyingthelimitationsofthepresentstudyEsuggestingthepracticalapplicationsorfurtherstudy正確答案：ABCDE第6題FunctionofresultsistostatetheresultsoftheexperimentsdescribedinMaterialsandMethods,tocitefiguresortablesthatpresentsupportingdata.第7題Inresultssection,theaudiencewillhearwhathasbeenfoundinthestudyandhowthefindingscanbeinterpreted,suchasestablishingorconfirmingafact,explainingaphenomenon,orprovingahypothesis,orsolvinganexistingoranewproblem.第8題Youshouldorganizethedataandpresenttheresultsneatly,logicallyandorderly.第9題Poororganizationofthedatawilldisorientandconfusetheaudience,leavinganimpressionofanillogicalanddisorderedpresentation.第10題Usingsubheadingsisaneffectivewaytoorganizeyourinformationbecausetheycansaveyoutransitionsentences,andorienttheaudienceinyourpresentation.第11題Avoidthetemptationtogivetheaudiencethefull,detailed,lengthyexplanation.第12題Whenyoutalkaboutyourresults,itisgenerallyagoodideatoprotectyourselffromarroganceandtoleaveyourdiscussionopentootherinterpretations.第13題Ifyourresultswerenotwhatyouwereexpecting,theaudiencewillbecurioustoknowwhy.Trytopresentthereasonsinafactwayorinotherinterestingway.Exercise4第1題Whataretheimportantelementsoftheconclusionsectioninpresentation?AareviewofthetopicandpurposeofthepresentationBastatementoftheconclusionsorrecommendationstobedrawnfromyourresearchworkCanindicationofthenextstages(whatmightbedonetotakethisworkfurther)Daninstructionastowhathappensnext(questions,discussionorgroupwork)Ea“thankyou”totheaudiencefortheirattentionandparticipation正確答案：ABCDE第2題Itisprobablytheeasiestwaytouseapicturetoendthepresentation.YoucanAexploitthekeypictureagainthatyouusedearlierinthepresentation.Buseanotherphotooracollageofphotosdepictingscenesfromyourhospital/institute/universityandsuggestthattheaudiencetraveltheresometime.Ccreateapicturethatillustratesyourconcepts.Dcrea