2026年學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)寫作規(guī)范考試模擬試題含答案第一部分：選擇題（共10題，每題2分，總計(jì)20分）說(shuō)明：本部分考查學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)寫作的基本規(guī)范和常用表達(dá)，重點(diǎn)針對(duì)中國(guó)高等教育研究領(lǐng)域的寫作需求。1.(2分)Whichofthefollowingphrasesismostappropriateforpresentingacontrastingideainacademicwriting?A)"Actually,thisisnotthecase."B)"Ontheotherhand,thefindingssuggest..."C)"Tobehonest,manyscholarsargue..."D)"Inmyopinion,thisapproachisbetter."答案：B解析：選項(xiàng)B使用"ontheotherhand"清晰地呈現(xiàn)對(duì)比關(guān)系，符合學(xué)術(shù)寫作的客觀性要求。選項(xiàng)A和C過(guò)于主觀，選項(xiàng)D以個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)開(kāi)頭不符合學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范。2.(2分)WhencitingaChinesescholar'sworkinAPAformat,whichpunctuationshouldbeusedbetweentheauthor'snameandthepublicationyear?A)NopunctuationB)AcommaC)AcolonD)Ahyphen答案：A解析：APA格式要求中文作者姓名后直接加括號(hào)年份，無(wú)需標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。例如：Wang,L.(2023)。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合格式要求。3.(2分)Whattenseshouldbeusedfordescribingestablishedscientificfactsinaresearchmethodologysection?A)PresenttenseB)PasttenseC)FuturetenseD)Presentperfecttense答案：A解析：描述科學(xué)事實(shí)時(shí)，學(xué)術(shù)寫作通常使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，如："Quantummechanicsexplainsatomicbehavior"（量子力學(xué)解釋原子行為）。其他時(shí)態(tài)會(huì)削弱論述的權(quán)威性。4.(2分)Whichtransitionwordisbestsuitedforlinkingevidencetoaconclusioninaliteraturereview?A)ThereforeB)MoreoverC)HoweverD)Thus答案：D解析："Thus"強(qiáng)調(diào)因果邏輯，常用于從證據(jù)推導(dǎo)結(jié)論，如："Thedatashowreducedenrollment;thus,universitiesmustrevisepolicies."（數(shù)據(jù)顯示入學(xué)率下降；因此，大學(xué)必須調(diào)整政策。）5.(2分)Whenparaphrasingasource,whichofthefollowingisleastacceptable?A)RestatingtheoriginalideainyourownwordsB)ChangingafewwordsfromthesourceC)UsingthesamesentencestructureasthesourceD)Citingtheoriginalauthor答案：C解析：直接套用原文句式屬于抄襲，即使稍作修改也不符合學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范。其他選項(xiàng)均屬于合理改寫方式，但需確保所有改寫內(nèi)容均有明確引用。6.(2分)InChina,whichcitationstyleiscommonlyusedinhumanitiesdisciplineslikehistoryandphilosophy?A)APAB)MLAC)ChicagoD)IEEE答案：C解析：中國(guó)高校人文學(xué)科（如歷史、哲學(xué)）普遍采用Chicago格式，尤其適合注釋型引用。APA偏理工科，MLA主要在美國(guó)使用，IEEE多見(jiàn)于工程領(lǐng)域。7.(2分)WhatisthecorrectwaytohandleadirectquotefromaChineseacademicinEnglishtext?A)"張教授說(shuō)'教育改革勢(shì)在必行'"B)"ZhangProfessorsaid'Educationreformisimperative'"C)"Zhang,2022,p.15,states'Educationreformisimperative'"D)"ProfessorZhangnotedthateducationreformisimperative."答案：C解析：直接引用需保留原文準(zhǔn)確性，中英文均需標(biāo)注作者、年份和頁(yè)碼。選項(xiàng)B未標(biāo)引信息，選項(xiàng)D為間接引用，選項(xiàng)A未規(guī)范翻譯。8.(2分)Whichpunctuationmarkshouldfollowacolonwhenintroducingalistinacademicwriting?A)PeriodB)CommaC)NopunctuationD)Semicolon答案：C解析：學(xué)術(shù)寫作中，冒號(hào)后直接引出列表時(shí)無(wú)需額外標(biāo)點(diǎn)，如："Thekeyfindingsinclude:(1)increasedparticipation,(2)improvedretention."（主要發(fā)現(xiàn)包括：(1)參與度提升，(2)留存率改善。）9.(2分)Whendiscussinglimitationsinaresearchpaper,whichtoneismostappropriate?A)DefensiveB)IndignantC)HumbleandreflectiveD)Sarcastic答案：C解析：學(xué)術(shù)寫作中，分析研究局限時(shí)應(yīng)保持謙遜，如："Thisstudy'slimitationliesinthesmallsamplesize,whichmayaffectgeneralizability."（本研究的局限在于樣本量小，可能影響普適性。）其他選項(xiàng)會(huì)損害文章專業(yè)性。10.(2分)Whichverbformiscorrectfordescribingafutureexperiment?A)PresenttenseB)PasttenseC)PresentperfecttenseD)Futurecontinuoustense答案：A解析：描述計(jì)劃中的研究時(shí)，使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)安排，如："Thenextexperimentwilltestthehypothesis;participantswillberecruitednextmonth."（下次實(shí)驗(yàn)將驗(yàn)證假設(shè)；下月將招募參與者。）第二部分：填空題（共10題，每題2分，總計(jì)20分）說(shuō)明：補(bǔ)全學(xué)術(shù)寫作中的規(guī)范表達(dá)，涉及中國(guó)高等教育研究常用場(chǎng)景。11.(2分)Toacknowledgeasourcewithoutinterruptingtheflowofyourtext,use_______citations.答案：parenthetical解析：如："Thetrendisevident(Li&Wang,2023),suggestingpolicyadjustmentsareneeded."（趨勢(shì)明顯（李和王，2023年），表明需要政策調(diào)整。）12.(2分)Whencontrastingtwostudies,youmightwrite,"StudyA'smethodologydiffered_______fromStudyB'sapproach."答案：from解析：此處使用介詞"from"表示對(duì)比差異，如："StudyA'smethodologydifferedfromStudyB'sapproachintermsofdatacollection."（A研究的方法論在數(shù)據(jù)收集中與B研究的方法不同。）13.(2分)Inaconclusion,youmightsummarizebystating,"In_______,theevidencesupportstheproposedframework."答案：conclusion解析：此處用"inconclusion"作為學(xué)術(shù)寫作中常見(jiàn)的總結(jié)性過(guò)渡，如："Inconclusion,thefindingsalignwithexistingtheories."（總之，研究結(jié)果與現(xiàn)有理論一致。）14.(2分)Toindicateacause-effectrelationship,usethephrase"_______,leadingto..."答案：asaresult解析：如："Fundingcutswereimplemented;asaresult,programenrollmentdeclined."（經(jīng)費(fèi)削減；結(jié)果，項(xiàng)目入學(xué)率下降。）15.(2分)WhenparaphrasingaChinesesource,youmust_______theoriginalauthor.答案：cite解析：改寫后仍需注明出處，如："ParaphrasingChen's(2022)study,thispolicyshifthasreduceddropoutrates."（引用陳（2022年）研究，該政策轉(zhuǎn)變降低了輟學(xué)率。）16.(2分)Tointroduceacounterargument,youmightwrite,"_______,thisperspectivehaslimitations."答案：Whilecompelling解析：如："Whilecompelling,thisargumentoverlooksregionaldisparities."（盡管有說(shuō)服力，但這一論點(diǎn)忽略了地區(qū)差異。）17.(2分)Inareferencelist,Chineseauthors'namesshouldbelistedin_______order.答案：family-namefirst解析：如："Wang,L.(2023).HighereducationreformsinChina.JournalofAcademicResearch,45(2)."（王，L.（2023年）。中國(guó)高等教育改革?！秾W(xué)術(shù)研究雜志》，45(2)。）18.(2分)Whendiscussingamethodology,youmightstate,"Thestudyemployeda_______designtoensureobjectivity."答案：quantitative解析：如："Thestudyemployedaquantitativedesigntoensureobjectivity,usingsurveystocollectdata."（研究采用定量設(shè)計(jì)以確?？陀^性，通過(guò)調(diào)查收集數(shù)據(jù)。）19.(2分)Topresentasuggestion,usethephrase"_______couldmitigatethisissue."答案：Policyadjustments解析：如："Policyadjustmentscouldmitigatethisissue,suchasincreasingsubsidiesforruralschools."（政策調(diào)整可以緩解這一問(wèn)題，例如增加對(duì)農(nóng)村學(xué)校的補(bǔ)貼。）20.(2分)Afterintroducingakeyconcept,youmightwrite,"_______,thisalignswithUNESCO'sgoalsforequitableeducation."答案：Notably解析：如："Notably,thisalignswithUNESCO'sgoalsforequitableeducation."（值得注意的是，這符合聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織對(duì)教育公平的目標(biāo)。）第三部分：改錯(cuò)題（共10題，每題3分，總計(jì)30分）說(shuō)明：識(shí)別并修正學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)寫作中的錯(cuò)誤，重點(diǎn)針對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)者常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。21.(3分)Original:"TheresearchfoundthatstudentsinChinaachievebetterresultsinexamswhentheystudyingroups."Correction:_______答案："TheresearchfoundthatChinesestudentsachievebetterexamresultswhentheystudyingroups."解析：應(yīng)明確限定為"Chinesestudents"，避免泛化。同時(shí)，"results"可改為"grades"更具體。22.(3分)Original:"Manyscholarsarguethatthegovernmentshouldspendmoremoneyinuniversities."Correction:_______答案："ManyscholarsarguethattheChinesegovernmentshouldallocatemorefundstouniversities."解析：需明確"thegovernment"指代中國(guó)，且"spendmoney"改為"allocatefunds"更學(xué)術(shù)化。23.(3分)Original:"Theexperimentwillbeconductednextmonth,thustheresultswillbereadysoon."Correction:_______答案："Theexperimentwillbeconductednextmonth,thustheresultswillbeavailablesoon."解析："beready"不夠正式，"available"更符合學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)境。24.(3分)Original:"AccordingtoLi(2022),'HighereducationinChinaisfacingchallenges.'"Correction:_______答案："AccordingtoLi(2022),highereducationinChinaisfacingchallenges."解析：直接引用時(shí)，英文應(yīng)保留原文結(jié)構(gòu)，刪除引號(hào)內(nèi)的句號(hào)。25.(3分)Original:"Theliteraturereviewincludesworksfrom2010to2023,thereforeitiscomprehensive."Correction:_______答案："Theliteraturereviewincludesworksfrom2010to2023,makingitcomprehensive."解析："therefore"可改為"makingit"以簡(jiǎn)化表達(dá)，避免重復(fù)"itis"。26.(3分)Original:"Asaresultofeconomicgrowth,universitiesinChinahaveexpandedtheirprograms."Correction:_______答案："EconomicgrowthhasledtotheexpansionofuniversityprogramsinChina."解析：采用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)更簡(jiǎn)潔，且明確限定"universitiesinChina"。27.(3分)Original:"However,thesurveyindicatesthatstudentspreferonlinelearningtotraditionalclassrooms."Correction:_______答案："However,thesurveyindicatesthatstudentspreferonlinelearningovertraditionalclassrooms."解析："to"改為"over"更符合學(xué)術(shù)對(duì)比習(xí)慣。28.(3分)Original:"ThisstudyaimstoanalyzetheimpactofCOVID-19onChinesehighereducation;therefore,itistimely."Correction:_______答案："ThisstudyaimstoanalyzetheimpactofCOVID-19onChinesehighereducation,makingittimely."解析：重復(fù)"therefore"冗余，用"makingit"替代。29.(3分)Original:"Thefindingssuggestthatruralstudentshaveloweracademicperformancebecausetheirfamiliesearnless."Correction:_______答案："Thefindingssuggestthatruralstudentshaveloweracademicperformance,possiblyduetotheirfamilies'lowerincome."解析："because"改為"possiblydueto"更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，避免絕對(duì)化。30.(3分)Original:"Themethodologysectiondescribeshowthedatawascollected,includingsurveysandinterviews."Correction:_______答案："Themethodologysectiondescribeshowthedatawascollected,includingsurveysandinterviews."解析：此句無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，但可改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)："Themethodologysectiondescribesthedatacollectionprocess,includingsurveysandinterviews."（方法部分描述數(shù)據(jù)收集過(guò)程，包括調(diào)查和訪談。）第四部分：簡(jiǎn)答題（共3題，每題10分，總計(jì)30分）說(shuō)明：結(jié)合中國(guó)高等教育領(lǐng)域?qū)嶋H案例，闡述學(xué)術(shù)寫作規(guī)范。31.(10分)Scenario:AChineseuniversityresearcherquotesapolicydocumentfromtheMinistryofEducationwithoutpropercitation.Howshouldtheycorrectthismistakeinboththetextandreferencelist?Provideanexample.答案：文本修正：原文："Thenewpolicyencouragesonlinecourses."修正后："TheMinistryofEducation'snewpolicyencouragesonlinecourses(MinistryofEducation,2023)."參考文獻(xiàn)：MinistryofEducation.(2023).Guidelinesonpromotingonlineeducation.Beijing:GovernmentPress.解析：直接引用政策文件時(shí)，需標(biāo)注機(jī)構(gòu)名稱、年份和出版物，如官方文件標(biāo)題可用斜體。若僅轉(zhuǎn)述，則僅需括號(hào)注明機(jī)構(gòu)年份，如"(MinistryofEducation,2023)"。32.(10分)DescribethreecommonpitfallsinwritingaliteraturereviewforChinesehighereducationresearchandhowtoavoidthem.答案：1.泛化中國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)：避免將個(gè)別案例推廣至全國(guó)，如："Asingleuniversity'ssuccess