第1題人類工程活動中過度抽取地下水引起的環(huán)境地質問題有（）WhatistheGeologicalEnvironmentProblemcausingbyoverpumpingaquifersinhuman'sEngineeringactivities?()A地面沉降|landsubsidenceB地裂縫|groundfissuresC巖溶地面塌陷|karstcollapseD地下水質惡化|undergroundwaterqualitydeterioration正確答案：ABCD第2題影響工程地質條件的六大要素中，對巖體穩(wěn)定性起主導作用的是？Whichplaysaleadingrolesinstabilityofrockamong6factorswhichinfluencestheengineeringgeologicalcondition?A地層巖性|formationlithologyB地質構造|geologicstructureC地形地貌|landformD水文地質|hydrogeololgy第1題地球的內部圈層構造從外到內依次為？Whichisthecorrectsequenceoftheearth'slayeredstructurefromoutertoinner?A地核、地殼、地幔|core,crust,mantleB地殼、地核、地幔|crust,core,mantleC地殼、地幔、地核|crust,mantle,coreD地表、地幔、地核|surface,mantle,core第2題根據地殼均衡原理，從平原低地到高山地區(qū)，莫霍面的位置變化是？Accordingtotheprincipleofisostatic,howdoesthelocationoftheMohointerfacechangefromlowlandplainareatohighmountainarea?A隨地表地形升高而升高|gettinghigherwiththeearthsurfacegettinghigherB隨地表地形升高而降低|gettinglowerwiththeearthsurfacegettinghigher第3題大陸漂移的大規(guī)模水平運動主要發(fā)生于地殼和地幔之間。Thelarge-scalehorizontalmovementofcontinentaldriftmainlyoccursbetweenthecrustandthemantle.第4題利用地震波在地球內部傳播的波速來推測地球內部的圈層結構時，根據地震波的傳播方式可分為Theearth'slayeredstructureisdistinguishedbythechangeofvelocityofseismicwave,what’stheseismicwavesclassifiedbytheirpropagationmode?____可以在液態(tài)物質中傳播的是Whichonecanspreadinliquid?____A.體波和縱波|BodywaveandlongitudinalwaveB.體波和面波|

BodywaveandsurfacewaveC.縱波|

longitudinalwaveD.橫波|transversewave正確答案：:B正確答案：:C第5題根據板塊構造學說，未來地中海的發(fā)展趨勢是Accordingtotheplatetectonicstheory,howwouldtheMediterraneanSeachange?____大西洋的發(fā)展趨勢是WhatabouttheAtlanticOcean?____A.縮小|

shrinkB.擴大|expand正確答案：:A正確答案：:B第6題全球的地殼運動在環(huán)太平洋帶和地中海-喜瑪拉雅帶表現得非常強烈。環(huán)太平洋帶主要屬于TheglobalcrustalmovementsarestrenuousinthePacificRimregionandtheMediterranean-Himalayaregion.ThePacificRimbelongstowhichkindofplate?____地中海-喜瑪拉雅帶主要屬于WhatabouttheMediterranean-Himalayaregion?____A.板塊匯合俯沖帶|subductionzoneB.板塊匯合碰撞帶|

collisionzoneC.板塊分離帶|separationzoneD.板塊水平錯動帶|diastrophismzone正確答案：:A正確答案：:B2Quiz--Homework第1題板塊活動占主導地位的是？Whichoneplaystheleadingroleinplatemovement?A升降運動|liftingmotionB水平運動|horizontalmotionC火山活動|volcanicactivityD地震活動|seismicactivity第2題一個地區(qū)的基本烈度，通常和以下因素有關？WhatfactoristheseismicintensityofanareausuallyrelatedtoA歷史地震情況|HistoricalearthquakesituationB人口密度|populationdensityC建筑物重要性|ImportanceofbuildingD建筑物的施工質量|qualityofconstruction第3題石灰?guī)r由極細微的隱晶質的方解石組成,在熱力烘烤作用下，原來的顆粒重結晶變成較粗大的晶粒成為大理巖,該過程為巖漿作用（）Limestoneconsistofdiminutivecryptocrystallinecalcite.Intheconditionofthermodynamicactivity,theoriginalcrystalparticalwillrecrystallizeintomarblewhithbiggercrystal.Thisprocessiscalledmagmatism.第4題花崗巖在大定向高壓力作用下，原來均勻隨機排列的顆粒變成定向排列的花崗片麻巖，該過程為變質作用（）Intheconditionofdirectionalhighpressure,therandomlyarrangedparticalsofgranitewillbecomedirectionalarrangedgraniticgneiss.Thisprocessiscalledmetamorphism.第5題地殼運動的直接結果有Thedirectconsequenceofdiastrophismis()A造成巖體褶皺變形|FolddeformationofrockmassB形成高山深谷|valleysandravinesC形成斷層|FaultD造成城市地面沉降|urbanlandsubsidence正確答案：DCBA第6題熔巖臺地和巖墻分別是哪種巖漿作用的結果WhatmagmatismisthecauseofformationofLavaplateaanddyke?____？A.侵入作用、噴出作用|

intrusion,extrusionB.噴出作用、侵入作用|extrusion,intrusion正確答案：:B3.2WeatheringEffects--Homework第1題在一些堅硬巖層中開挖地下硐室過程中，周圍的巖石有時候會突然地以爆炸的形式發(fā)生破壞，甚至以高速彈出，這種現象稱為巖爆。那么巖爆破屬于以下哪種作用？Intheexcavationofundergroundcavernsinsomehardrockstratum,sometimesthesurroundingrocksexplodeanddamageabruptly,orevenpopupinveryhighspeed,thisphenomenonisknownasrockburst.Thenwhichkindofmechanismdoesrockburstbelongto?A爆破|blastingB巖石釋重|rockunloadingC巖石變質|rockmetamorphismD化學能釋放|chemicalenergyreleasing第2題石灰?guī)r地區(qū)的這種地貌是通過哪種風化作用如何形成的？Whichkindofweatheringcreatesthelandformbelowinlimestonearea?A溶解作用|solventactionB水化作用|hydrationC水解作用|hydrolyticactionD碳酸化作用|carbonatization第3題氣溫是影響巖石風化作用的一個重要因素，那么從下圖看出低緯沙漠地區(qū)風化殼厚度要遠遠小于溫帶地區(qū)。為什么？Temperatureisamajorfactoreffectsrockweathering,whileinthepicturebelow,itshowsthatthicknessofweatheringcrustinlowlatitudedesertareaismuchsmallerthanthatintemperatearea.Why?風化帶深度隨緯度變化圖A圖繪制錯了|Thisisawrongpicture.B風化產物被風吹走了|windblowawaytheweatheringproduct.C降雨量少|thetinyprecipitationD溫度較低|thelowtemperature第4題有關巖石的風化作用描述不正確的為(

)？Whichiswrongaboutrockweathering?A巖石的風化作用使巖體的結構構造發(fā)生變化，即其完整性遭到削弱和破壞|Rockweatheringchangesthestructureofrock,impairsrock’scompleteness.B巖石的風化作用使巖石的礦物成分和化學成分發(fā)生變化|Rockweatheringchangesthemineralcompositionandchemicalcomponentofrock.C巖石的風化作用使巖石的工程地質性質惡化|Rockweatheringdeterioratestheengineeringqualityofrocks.D巖石的風化作用僅發(fā)生在地表|Rockweatheronlyoccursinthegroundsurface.3.3GeologicalEffectsoftheFlowingSurfaceWater--Homework第1題河流的搬運作用以懸移方式為主？Rivertransportationisprimarilysuspensiontransport.A√B×第2題下列不屬于河流沖積物的特點的是？Choosetheonesthatarenotpropertiesofriveralluvialdeposit.A成分復雜|complicatedcompositionB分選性差|poorsortingC磨圓度高|goodroundnessD在同一沉積層，顆粒粒徑相差不大|similarparticlediameterinsamesettledlayer第3題下列不屬于河流下蝕作用所產生的結果的是：Choosetheonesthatdonotbelongtoresultofriververticalerosion:A溯源侵蝕|headwarderosionB河流襲奪|rivercaptureC截彎取直|straighteningD河流越來越彎|rivergetsmoreandmorecurving正確答案：CD第4題河流在發(fā)育過程中，會在河谷兩側形成對稱分布的階梯狀地形，稱為河流的階地？Inthedevelopingprocessofrivers,symmetricdistributedstep-and-platformtopographywouldformatthevalleysides,calledriverterrace.A√B×3.4GeologicalEffectsofWinds--Homework第1題有位同志，想自駕游去參考和考察風蝕地貌，根據所學的知識，建議他要去的省市為（）。Someonewantstodrivetoexplorewind-erosionlandform,whichoftheprovincesshouldbesuggested?A北京|BeijingB陜西|Shan'xiC新疆|XinjiangD甘肅|Gansu正確答案：CD3.5GeologicalEffectsofGlaciers--Homework第1題下面可以用于判斷冰川運動方向的是（）？Whichoptionscanbeusedforjudgingdirectionofglaciermotion？A冰擦痕|glacialstriationB羊背石|rochemoutonneeCU型谷|U-shapedvalleyD紋泥|laminatedclay正確答案：AB3QuizEasy--Homework第1題習題3-1外動力地質作用類型，按發(fā)生過程一次可分為？Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectsequenceofexogenicgeologicalprocess?A風化、搬運、剝蝕、沉積|weathering,transporting,denudation,depositionB風化、剝蝕、搬運、沉積|weathering,denudation,transporting,depositionC剝蝕、搬運、風化、沉積|denudation,transporting,weathering,depositionD風化、沉積、剝蝕、搬運|weathering,deposition,denudation,transporting第2題習題3-2MultiChoice風化作用使巖石發(fā)生？Weatheringmakestherock……A機械破碎|mechanicaldisruptionB化學分解|chemicaldecompositionC變質|metamorphismD重結晶|recrystallizationE被風吹走|blowawaybywind正確答案：AB第3題習題3-3SingleChoice北方常聽說“墻腳被堿掉了”，是那種風化作用的結果？Itiscommonsayingthat”Thewallfootisalkalied”,whichkindofweatheringcausesthisphenomenon?A凍融破壞|freeze-thawdamageB溫度變化|temperaturechangeC鹽類的結晶與潮解作用|ThecrystallizationanddeliquescenceofsaltD化學風化|chemicalweathering第4題習題3-4SingleChoice沖積扇與洪積扇區(qū)別是？What’sthedifferencebetweenalluvialfananddiluvialfan?A沖積扇規(guī)模大、分選性和磨圓度高|Alluvialfanislarger,hasbettersortingandroundness.B沖積扇規(guī)模大、分選性和磨圓度低|Alluvialfanislarger,haspoorersortingandroundness.C沖積扇規(guī)模小、分選性和磨圓度高|Alluvialfanissmaller,hasbettersortingandroundness.D沖積扇規(guī)模小、分選性和磨圓度低|Alluvialfanissmaller,haspoorsortingandroundness.第5題習題3-5SingleChoice形成蘑菇石的地質營力是？Whichofthefollowinghelpstheformationofmushroomstone?A風沙|sandblownbythewindB冰川|glacierC海浪|seawaveD地面流水和地下水|groundwaterandundergroundwater第6題習題3-6SingleChoice典型冰川谷的剖面形態(tài)是？What'sthetypicalprofileofglaciervalley?A蛇形|snakelikeBV形|V-shapeCU形|U-shapeD筆直形|straight第7題習題3-7SingleChoice坡積物的結構特征具有？Whichisstructurecharacterofslopewash?A棱角鮮明|SharpedgesB磨圓很好|goodroundnessC磨圓一般|commonroundnessD分選較好|goodsorting第8題習題3-8SingleChoice距離現代河床越高的階地的特點是？Forgeneralriverterrace,thehigherthestepindicates……A結構越粗|coarseparticleB結構越細|fineparticleC年代越老|olderD年代越新|newer第9題習題3-9SingleChoice河流沖積物二元結構的特征是？Whichisthecharacterofriveralluvialdeposit’sdualstructure?A粗細混雜|mixedgrainsizeB軟硬混雜|mixedhardnessC上粗下細|coarseparticleupsideandfineparticledownsideD上細下粗|fineparticleupsideandcoarseparticledownside第10題習題3-10TrueorFalse諺語“逢溝必斷”的意思是在野外見到的大的溝谷都是斷層形成的？Thesaying“Wherethereisaravinethereisafault”meansthatbigravinesareallformedfromfaults?A√B×第11題習題3-11MultiChoice下列屬于冰水沉積物的特點的是：Whichofthefollowingsarecharactersoffluviologicaldeposit?A顆粒棱角分明|SharpedgesB分選性較好|goodsortingC碎屑上會有冰擦痕|glacialstriationofthefragmentsD有時會有紋泥現象|occasionallaminatedclay正確答案：BD第12題習題3-12SingleChoice下列沉積物中，顆粒最粗的是？Amongthedeposits,whichismostcoarse?A河口三角洲沉積|estuarinesedimentB河漫灘沉積|floodplaindepositC牛軛湖沉積|oxbowlakedepositD河床沉積|channelfilldeposit第13題習題3-13MultiChoice下列影響地表巖石風化作用的最主要的2個外部因素是：Whicharethemostmajortwoexternalfactorsforthesurfacerockweathering?A地形地貌|landformB巖體中的斷裂發(fā)育情況|fracturedevelopingconditionsinrockC巖石的硬度|hardnessofrockD巖石的形成時代|formationtimeofrockE氣候條件|climateconditions正確答案：BE第14題習題3-14SingleChoice某種沉積物主要由成分復雜的礫石組成、礫石有明顯磨圓。具有上述特點的沉積物可能是？Somekindofdepositcomposesgravelwithcomplexcompositionandclearroundness.Whichiskindofdepositisitmostprobably?A殘積物|residualdepositB坡積物|slopewashC河流中上游沖積物|alluvialdepositinmiddleandupperreachesofriverD濱海沉積物|littoralsediment3QuizEnhanced--Homework第1題習題3-1*MultiChoice下列屬于風蝕地貌的是（）？Choosetheonesbelongtowinderosionlandform.A戈壁灘|gobidesertB礫漠|graveldesertC黃土高原|loessplateauD新月形沙丘|crescentdune正確答案：AB第2題習題3-2*MultiChoice地表千姿百態(tài)的地形均是由各種外力共同塑造的.下列主要由外力作用形成的是：Thekindsofdifferentlandformaremadebybothendogenicgeologicalprocessandexogenicgeologicalprocess.Whichofthefollowingismainlyeffectedbyexogenicgeologicalprocess?A黃淮海平原|theHuanghuaihaiPlainB喜馬拉雅山|theHimalayasC塔里木盆地|TarimBasinD崇明島|ChongmingIsland正確答案：AD第3題習題3-3*TrueorFalse在河彎處，一般凹岸接受侵蝕，凸岸接受堆積，從而使河流越來越彎曲（）。Atplacewherearivermakesaturn,ingeneral,theconcavebankreceiveserosionandtheconvexbankreceivesdeposition,makingtherivermoreandmorecurving.A√B×第4題習題3-4*MultiChoice平原區(qū)河流的地質作用主要表現為：Choosetheonesthatbelongtothemainbehaviorofgeologicalprocessinplainrivers.A垂向侵蝕和沉積|verticalerosionanddepositionB側蝕和沉積|lateralerosionanddepositionC溯源侵蝕|headwarderosionD截彎取直|straightening正確答案：BD第5題習題3-5*MultiChoice下列幾張圖分別為唐家山堰塞體在泄洪過程中，潰口的演化過程，根據所學的知識分析，潰口在演化過程主要是由哪幾種作用引起的（）？ThefollowingpicturesshowtheevolutionaryprocessofdykebreachinTangJiashandammingobject.Accordingtowhatyouhavelearned,what’sthemainactionintheevolutionaryprocessofdykebreach?A下蝕作用|verticalerosionB側向侵蝕作用|lateralerosionC溯源侵蝕|headwarderosionD截彎取直|straightening正確答案：ABC4.1Minerals--Homework第1題構成玻璃和石英的主要物質都是二氧化硅，所以它們是同一種礦物。Themainsubstanceofglassandquartzissilica,sotheyarethesamemineral.第2題礦物都是化合物。Mineralsareallcompounds.第3題石英礦物斷口為油脂狀光澤，解理面為玻璃光澤。Thefractureofquartzmineralisgrease-likeluster,andthecleavagesurfaceisglassyluster.第4題下列抗風化能力最強的礦物是（）？Whichmineralhasthebestabilityofweatherresistance()?A正長石|OrthoclaseB斜長石|PlagioclaseC石英|QuartzD方解石|calcite第5題下列礦物中遇冷稀鹽酸劇烈起泡的是（）？Whichmineralwillfoamfiercelywhenitmeetcolddilutedhydrochloricacid?A石英|QuartzB方解石|CalciteC黑云母|BiotiteD正長石|Orthose第6題關于礦物的解理敘述不正確的是（）？Whichdescriptionaboutmineralcleavageisnotcorrect?A礦物解理的完全程度和斷口是互相消長的|Theintegrityofmineralcleavageandfractureisarelationofgrowthanddecline.B礦物解理完全時則不顯斷口|fracturedoesn'texistwhenmineralcleavageisintegrated.C礦物解理不完全或無解理時，則斷口顯著|fractureisremarkablewhenmineralcleavageisnotintegrated.D礦物解理完全時則斷口顯著|fractureisremarkablewhenmineralcleavageisintegrated.第7題黑云母與白云母的抗風化能力一樣（）Theabilityofweatherresistancebetweenbiotiteandmuscovitearesame.A正確|TrueB錯誤|False4.2MagmaticRocks--Homework第1題酸性巖漿巖的顏色較____？Thecolorofacidicmagmaticrockismore()?基性巖漿巖的顏色較____？Thecolorofbasicmagmaticrockismore()?A.淺；|

light;B.深|Dark4.3SedimentaryRocks--Homework第1題泥巖和頁巖都具有泥質結構，礦物組成都以粘土礦為主，但頁巖具有明顯的薄層理構造（）Mudstoneandshalebothhavepelitictexture,theirmineralcompositionsaremainlyclayminerals,butshalehasdistinctthinbeddingstructure.A√B×4.4MetamorphicRocks--Homework第1題變質巖的片理構造和沉積巖的層理構造描述正確的有Whichdescriptionofschistositystructureofmetamorphicrocksandbeddingstructureofsedimentaryrockistrue?A層理構造不同層中的有時成分不同|Thecomponentsofdifferentlayersinbeddingstructurearenotthesame.B片理構造各部分的成分不同|Thecomponentsinallpartsofschistositystructurearedifferent.C片理構造是通過礦物的定向排列和平行的裂紋表現出來|Schistositystructureisperformedbydirectionarrangementandparallelcracksofminaral.D層理構造不同的層之間有截然的分界面|Thereisinterfacebetweenlayersinbeddingstructure.正確答案：ACD第2題下圖中兩種變質巖：Therearetwodifferentmetamorphicrocks:1)圖中不同的顏色分別代表不同的礦物，其中：黑色的礦物為片狀；淺色的礦物有的可見一組明顯的具有玻璃光澤的解理面，有的可見呈現油脂狀光澤的不規(guī)則斷面。Differentcolorsindicatedifferentkindsofminerals:blackmineralsareschistose;somelight-coloredmineralshaveasetofobviouscleavageplaneswithglassluster,andsomecanshowirregularcross-sectionswithoilyluster.2)礦物分布均勻和不具有定向性。Mineralsareevenlydistributedandnon-directional請問，其分別對應的構造特征為theircorrespondingstructuralfeaturesare

A層理構造、氣孔狀構造|Beddingstructure,stomatalstructureB片麻狀構造、塊狀構造|Gneissicstructure,massivestructureC流紋狀構造、塊狀構造|Rhythmstructure,blockstructureD層理構造、塊狀構造|Beddingstructure,massivestructure第3題大理巖和石英巖的差異正確的是WhichoneiscorrectforthedifferencebetweenmarbleandquartziteA大理巖硬度小于石英巖，但大于小刀硬度（5~6）|Thehardnessofmarbleislessthanquartzite,butgreaterthanthehardnessofknife(5~6)B大理巖與鹽酸反應，但石英巖不與鹽酸反應|Marblerockreactswithhydrochloricacid,butquartzitedoesnotreactwithhydrochloricacidC大理巖和石英巖都可以看到礦物的解理面|BothmarbleandquartzitecanseethecleavagesurfaceofthemineralD石英巖的強度和抗風化能力強于大理巖|Quartziteisstrongerandmoreresistanttoweatheringthanmarble正確答案：BD第4題石灰?guī)r經重結晶后變成（）limestonewillbecome()afterrecrystallization.A大理巖|marbleB石英巖|quartziteC輝綠巖|diabaseD白云巖|dolomite第4章QuizEasy--Homework第1題習題4-1SingleChoice陸地地表分布最多的巖石是（）？ThemostwidelydistributedrocksonthelandsurfaceareA巖漿巖|MagmaticRocksB沉積巖|SendimentaryRocksC變質巖|MetamorphicRocks第2題習題4-2SingleChoice花崗巖和花崗片麻巖的本質差異在于（）？TheessentialdifferencebetweengraniteandgranitegneissisA整體顏色|colorB礦物成分|MineralcompositionC礦物的分布和排列特征|DistributionandarrangementcharacteristicsofmineralsD礦物顆粒大小|Mineralparticlesize第3題習題4-3SingleChoice巖漿巖的構造是指因巖石中不同礦物組分的分布與排列反映出來的外貌特征,下列示意圖中，三種分布與排列方式依次對應的是（）？Thestructureofmagmaticrockreferstotheappearancecharacteristicsreflectedbythedistributionandarrangementofdifferentmineralcomponentsintherock.Inthefollowingschematicdiagram,thethreedistributionsandarrangementscorrespondto①分布均勻排列定向Uniformdistributionandorientation、②分布均勻排列隨機Evenlydistributedrandom、③分布不均勻排列隨機UnevendistributionrandomA①②③B①③②C②①③D③②①第4題習題4-4SingleChoice下圖中沉積巖是由不同的膠結方式形成，請依次判斷具體的膠結方式（）？Thesedimentaryrockinthefigurebelowisformedbydifferentcementingmethods,pleasedeterminethespecificcementingmethodinturnA孔隙式膠結、基底式膠結|Porecement,basecementB孔隙式膠結、接觸式膠結|Porecement,contactcementC基底式膠結、接觸式膠結|Basecement,contactcement第5題三種膠結方式中，孔隙較大、強度相對較低的是（）？Ofthethreecementationmethods,whichisthelargerporeandrelativelylowerstrength?A孔隙式膠結|PorecementB接觸式膠結|ContactcementC基底式膠結|Substratecement第6題習題4-5SingleChoice花崗巖和花崗斑巖的特點描述正確的是（）？ThecharacteristicsofgraniteandgraniteporphyryaredescribedcorrectlyA成分不同|DifferentingredientsB都是顯晶質結構|botharecrystallinestructureC都是淺成巖|bothareshallowrocksD都有塊狀構造|bothhavemassivestructures第7題巖石由內動力地質作用形成的。Rocksareformedbyinternaldynamicgeology.第4章QuizEnhanced--Homework第1題力學強度低、遇水易軟化、泥化的巖石是（）？Whichrockwithlowmechanicalstrength,easytosoftenandmudinwaterA黏土頁巖|ClayshaleB大理巖|MarbleC石英砂巖|QuartzsandstoneD石灰?guī)r|Limestone第2題沉積巖的礫狀結構與巖漿巖的斑狀結構在最本質的區(qū)別是（）？TheessentialdifferencebetweenthegravelstructureofsedimentaryrocksandtheporphyrystructureofmagmaticrocksisA粒徑較大的顆粒鑲嵌在細小成分中間|LargerparticlesareembeddedinthemiddleofsmallcomponentsB斑狀結構巖漿巖中較大顆粒，成分都一樣；而礫狀結構的沉積巖顆粒成分復雜|Largerparticlesinporphyrymagmaticrockshavethesamecomposition;whilegravel-likesedimentaryrockparticleshavecomplexcompositionsC斑狀結構巖漿巖中較大顆粒是礦物；而礫狀結構的沉積巖顆粒是巖石碎屑|Thelargerparticlesintheporphyrymagmaticrocksareminerals;thegravel-likesedimentaryrockparticlesarerockfragmentsD斑狀結構巖漿巖中較大顆粒形狀規(guī)則；而礫狀結構的沉積巖顆粒形狀不規(guī)則|Theshapeoflargerparticlesinporphyrymagmaticrockisregular;whiletheshapeofgravelstructuresedimentaryrockisirregular第3題如何區(qū)分花崗巖中的黑色礦物是黑云母還是角閃石？Howtodistinguishwhethertheblackmineralingraniteisbiotiteorhornblende?A礦物的顏色|MineralcolorB礦物的形態(tài)|MineralformC礦物顆粒大小|MineralparticlesizeD礦物顆粒的硬度|

Mineralparticlehardness正確答案：BD第4題斜層理通常一端較寬，另外一端發(fā)生尖滅。發(fā)生尖滅的一端指示了水流方向，并指示了巖層的底面。Obliquebeddingisusuallywideratoneendandsharpenedattheother.Thesharpenedendindicatesthedirectionofwaterflowandthebottomoftherockformation.A√B×第5題如何區(qū)分鐵質膠結的石英砂巖和長石石英砂巖？Howtodistinguishbetweenironcementedquartzsandstoneandfeldsparquartzsandstone?A通過顏色|BycolorB通過膠結物成分|BycementcompositionC通過砂顆粒的礦物特征|BysandparticlesMineralcharacteristicsD通過巖石的結構和構造|Bythestructureandstructureoftherock5Quiz--Homework第1題某砂巖形成于侏羅系（）SomemalmstoneformedinJurassicPeriodA√B×第2題習題5-1MultiChioce地層的相對年齡可以通過以下方法確定？Therelativeageofstratumcanbedeterminedby?A地層相對上下關系的對比和追索|therelativeupanddowncomparisonofstratumB地層中古生物的鑒定|occurrenceofrockstratumC巖層的產狀|paleontologicalmethodD巖石的結晶程度|degreeofrockcrystallizationE巖石的風化破壞程度|degreeofrockdestructionbyweathering正確答案：AB第3題習題5-2SingleChoice地殼中的大部分變質巖的年代屬于？Mostmetamorphicrocksincrustbelongsto……A古生代以前|beforepaleozoiceraB古生代|paleozoiceraC中生代|mesozoiceraD新生代|cainozoicera6QuizEasy--Homework第1題習題6-10玄武巖的柱狀節(jié)理是一種構造節(jié)理（）ThecolumnarjointofbasaltisastructuraljointA√B×第2題習題6-11對于三大類巖石均可以利用古生物化石就可以判定它們的年代（）Forallthreetypesofrocks,paleobiologicalfossilscanbeusedtodeterminetheirageA√B×第3題習題6-1上盤相對下降，下盤相對上升的斷層是：（）ThefaultwiththerelativedeclineintheupperwallandtherelativeriseinthelowerwallisA正斷層|NormalfaultB逆斷層|ReversefaultC平移斷層|TranslationalfaultD階梯斷層|Stepfault第4題習題6-2地質圖上表現為中間老、兩側變新的對稱分布地層，這種構造通常是（）？Thegeologicalmapshowsasymmetricallydistributedstratuminthemiddleandnewonbothsides.ThisstructureisusuallyA向斜|ObliqueB背斜|anticlineC正斷層|NormalfaultD逆斷層|Reversefault第5題習題6-3巖層層面的空間狀態(tài)稱為產狀，產狀是以走向、傾向和傾角三要素來表示的，下圖中（1）、（2）、（3）分別代表的是（）Thespatialstateoftherocklayeriscalledtheattitude,andtheattitudeisrepresentedbythethreeelementsofdirection,dip,dipangle.inthefollowingfigures

(1),(2),and(3)respectivelyrepresent()A傾向、走向、傾角|Dip,direction,dipangleB走向、傾角、傾向|Direction,dipangle,dipC走向、傾向、傾角|Direction,dip,dipangleD傾向、傾角、走向|Dip,dipangle,direction第6題習題6-4褶皺構造是由地殼運動的擠壓作用，將原始水平平展的巖層擠成一系列的彎曲，分為背斜和向斜。向斜是向下凹的彎曲，而背斜是向上拱的彎曲，因此背斜的位置一定是山，向斜的位置一定是谷（）Thefoldstructureisthesqueezingeffectofcrustalmovement,squeezingtheoriginalhorizontallyflatrockintoaseriesofbends,whicharedividedintoanticlinesandsynclines.Thesynclineisaconcavedownwardcurve,andtheanticlineisanupwardcurvedcurve,sothepositionoftheanticlinemustbeamountain,andthepositionofthesynclinemustbeavalley()A√B×第7題習題6-5請根據斷層的定義（圖中白色線為斷層面），確定下圖所示斷層為（）Accordingtothedefinitionofthefault(thewhitelineinthefigureisthefaultplane),determinethefaultshowninthefigurebelowis()A正斷層|NormalfaultB逆斷層|ReversefaultC平移斷層|Translationalfault第8題習題6-6褶皺根據軸面產狀的分類為：(a)(b)直立褶皺；(c)傾斜褶皺；(d)倒轉褶皺；(e)平臥褶皺？Thefoldsareclassifiedaccordingtotheappearanceoftheaxialplane:(a)(b)uprightfolds;(c)inclinedfolds;(d)invertedfolds;(e)recumbentfolds?請以此判斷下列實際地層中的褶皺類型分別為（）A直立褶皺、傾斜褶皺、平臥褶皺|Uprightfolds,inclinedfolds,recumbentfoldsB傾斜褶皺、倒轉褶皺、平臥褶皺|Inclinedfolds,invertedfolds,recumbentfoldsC傾斜褶皺、平臥褶皺、倒轉褶皺|Inclinedfolds,recumbentfolds,invertedfoldsD直立褶皺、傾斜褶皺、倒轉褶皺|Uprightfolds,inclinedfolds,invertedfolds第9題習題6-7某巖層產狀為125°∠5°，則它的傾向為（）？Theattitudeofacertainrocklayeris125°∠5°,thenitsdipis()?A125°B35°C5°D235°第10題習題6-8節(jié)理按成因分為（）Jointsaredividedinto()構造節(jié)理

2.原生節(jié)理

3.風化節(jié)理

4.剪節(jié)理

5.張節(jié)理1.Structuraljoint2.Nativejoint3.Weatheredjoint4.Shearjoint5.ExpansionjointA1、4和5B1、2和3C2、3和4D2、4和5第11題習題6-9一個地區(qū)沿著垂直于地層走向方向地層有對稱重復出現，而且中間地層老，兩側地層新，地層分界線平行延伸，則該地區(qū)存在？Thereisasymmetricalrepetitionofstrataalongthedirectionperpendiculartothestratumstratum,andthemiddlestratumisold,thestrataonbothsidesarenew,andthestratumboundariesextendinparallel.Thisareaexist()?A水平背斜|HorizontalanticlineB水平向斜|HorizontallysynclineC傾伏背斜|ProneanticlineD傾伏向斜|Lay-downsyncline6QuizEnhanced--Homework第1題根據下圖判斷（1）、(2)處形成的構造類型為:Accordingtothefollowingfigure,thetypeofstructureformedat(1)and(2)is:(1)處為____？(1)is?（2）處為____(2)is?A．地壘|

BulwarkB.疊瓦式斷層|ShingledfaultC.地塹|GrabenD.逆掩斷層|Reversefault正確答案：:C正確答案：:A第2題仔細分析下圖，判斷斷層可能的位置為（）？Carefullyanalyzethefollowingfiguretodeterminethepossiblelocationofthefault()?AABBCCD該處沒有斷層|Therearenofaults第3題根據下圖，分析圖內出現的地質構造特征()Accordingtothefollowingfigure,analyzethegeologicalstructurefeaturesappearinginthefigure()(圖中黑色粗線為斷層線，箭頭指示了斷層的傾向）(Thethickblacklineinthefigureisthefaultline,andthearrowindicatesthedipofthefault)A向斜、逆斷層|Syncline,reversefaultB向斜、正斷層|Syncline,normalfaultC背斜、逆斷層|Anticline,reversefaultD背斜、正斷層|Anticline,normalfault第4題下圖為野外在一個斷層面上拍攝的照片，請根據照片大致判斷本盤（照片拍攝盤）的相對運動方向為()？Thefollowingpictureisapicturetakenonatomographicfieldinthewild.Pleaseroughlydeterminetherelativemovementdirectionofthisplate(photoshootingplate)as()?AABBCCDD7QuizEasy--Homework第1題習題7-1地質圖上表現為中間老、兩側變新的對稱分布地層，這種構造通常是：（）Thegeologicalmapshowsasymmetricallydistributedstratuminthemiddleandnewonbothsides.Thisstructureisusually:()A向斜|synclineB背斜|anticlineC正斷層|NormalfaultD逆斷層|Reversefault第2題習題7-2某一地區(qū)出露的彼此平行的地層系列為O1、O2、C2、C3，則O2與C2之間為？ThestratigraphicseriesparalleltoeachotherexposedinacertainareaareO1,O2,C2,C3,whatisbetweenO2andC2?A整合接觸|IntegratedcontactsB沉積接觸|SedimentarycontactC假整合接觸|FakeintegrationcontactD不整合接觸|Non-integratedcontact第3題習題7-3地質圖通?？梢苑从骋粋€地區(qū)的地層巖性、地質構造、地殼運動及地質發(fā)展史，根據地質圖的主要內容又可以具體劃分地質圖類型，下圖所示的地質圖類型為（）？Geologicalmapscanusuallyreflectthestratigraphiclithology,geologicalstructure,crustalmovementandgeologicaldevelopmenthistoryofanarea.Accordingtothemaincontentofthegeologicalmap,Whatisthetypeofgeologicalmapshownbelow?A普通地質圖|GeneralgeologicalmapB地貌及第四紀地質圖|GeomorphologyandQuaternaryGeologicalMapC工程地質圖|EngineeringgeologicalmapD地質剖面圖及柱狀圖|Geologicalprofileandhistogram第4題習題7-4某地區(qū)局部的平面地質圖如圖所示，F為一傾向東（如箭頭所指）的斷層，根據圖中所提供的條件判斷斷層性質為：（）Thelocalplanegeologicalmapofacertainareaisasshowninthefigure.Fisafaultthattendstotheeast(asindicatedbythearrow).Accordingtotheconditionsprovidedinthefigure,thepropertiesofthefaultis:()A正斷層|NormalfaultB逆斷層|ReversefaultC平移斷層|TranslationalfaultD階梯斷層|Stepfault第5題習題7-5請根據各類地層接觸關系特征，判斷下圖中三處接觸關系分別為（）Accordingtothecharacteristicsofvarioustypesofformationcontactrelations,determinethethreecontactrelationsinthefigurebeloware()A整合接觸、侵入接觸、沉積接觸|Integratedcontact,intrusivecontact,depositioncontactB平行不整合接觸、侵入接觸、角度不整合接觸|Parallelnon-integratedcontact,intrusivecontact,angularnon-integratedcontactC整合接觸、平行不整合接觸、角度不整合接觸|Integratedcontact,parallelnon-integratedcontact,anglednon-integratedcontactD沉積接觸、平行不整合接觸、角度不整合接觸|Depositioncontact,parallelunconformitycontact,anglednon-integratedcontact第6題（接上題）判斷下圖中的地層接觸關系為上圖中（）(Continued)Determinewhichcontactrelationshipinthefigureaboveisthecontactrelationshipofthestratuminthefigurebelow()A(1)B(2)C(3)第7題習題7-6地層形態(tài)中的層狀巖層，根據其是否與地形等高線平行可以分為水平巖層和傾斜巖層兩大類。下圖中層狀巖層應為水平巖層（）Thelayeredrocklayersinthestratummorphologycanbedividedintotwotypes:horizontalrocklayersandinclinedrocklayersaccordingtowhethertheyareparalleltothetopographiccontours.ThelayeredrocklayerinthefigurebelowshouldbeahorizontalrocklayerA√B×第8題習題7-7根據下圖判斷各種斷層發(fā)生的地質時間為（）Accordingtothefollowingfigure,thegeologicaltimeofoccurrenceofvariousfaultsis()AA之后，F之前|AfterA,beforeFBE之后F之前|AfterE，BeforeFCD之后G之前|AfterD，beforeGDE之后G之前|AfterE，BeforeG7QuizEnhanced--Homework第1題仔細閱讀下圖，并回答以下問題：Lookthefollowingpicturecarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions:判斷（1）~（4）所對應的地層接觸類型Determinethetypeofformationcontactcorrespondingto(1)~(4)A.整合接觸IntegratedcontactsB.角度不整合接觸Anglenon-integratedcontactC.平行不整合接觸Parallelnon-integratedcontactD.沉積接觸SedimentarycontactE.侵入接觸Intrusivecontact（1）為：____(1)is（2）為：____(2)is（3）為：____(3)is（4）為：____(4)is（5）對應的構造類型為：____(5)isA．直立向斜UprightsynclineB.傾伏向斜PronesynclineC.直立背斜ErectanticlineD傾伏背斜Proneanticline（6）對應的地質構造類型為____(6)isA．逆斷層ReversefaultB.正斷層Normalfault各種地質時間的先后順序正確的是____ThecorrectsequenceofvariousgeologicaltimesisA．（2）→（1）→（5）→（4）→（6）→（3）B．（1）→（5）→（3）→（2）→（4）→（6）C．（1）→（2）→（5）→（6）→（4）→（3）D．（2）→（3）→（5）→（6）→（4）→（1）8.1BasicConceptuals--Homework第1題砂土的透水性要比粘土好，這主要是由于砂土的孔隙度大引起的（）Sandpermeabilityisbetterthanclay,whichismainlyduetothelargeporosityofsandA√B×8.2ReservationandMovementsofGroundWater--Homework第1題根據下圖示意：Accordingtothefollowingfigure:分別指出（1）~(3)對應的地下水類型Pointoutthegroundwatertypescorrespondingto(1)~(3)A.潛水phreaticwaterB.上層滯水UpperstagnationC.承壓水Confinedwater（1)為:____（2)為:____（3)為:____2.（4）對地下水排泄類型為:____ThetypeofgroundwaterdischargeisA.接觸泉ContactspringB.上升泉RisingspringC.下降泉DescendingspringD.斷層泉Faultspring8.3MovementsoftheGroundWater--Homework第1題依據達西（Darcy）定律計算地下水運動的流量時，系假定滲流速度與水力坡度的1/2次方成正比（）WhencalculatingtheflowofgroundwatermovementaccordingtoDarcy'slaw,itisassumedthattheseepagevelocityisproportionaltothe1/2powerofthehydraulicgradientA√B×8.4GroundWaterQuality--Homework第1題水加熱沸騰后所損失的Ca2+、Mg2+含量稱為地下水的暫時硬度（）ThecontentofCa2