2017-2021學(xué)年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)句子的核心要素，七年級(jí)階段需重點(diǎn)掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則，以及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、主謂一致、句型轉(zhuǎn)換等實(shí)用技能。以下結(jié)合近五年教學(xué)反饋與考試趨勢(shì)，整理動(dòng)詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練體系，幫助同學(xué)們系統(tǒng)突破。一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)填空（核心：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）考點(diǎn)解析一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作、客觀(guān)事實(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)（he/she/it等）時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需變“三單”（加-s/-es）?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，結(jié)構(gòu)為“be(am/is/are)+動(dòng)詞-ing”。例題精講1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：Heoften____(play)basketballwithhisfriends.解析：主語(yǔ)“he”是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，且“often”表習(xí)慣，故動(dòng)詞“play”變?nèi)龁螢椤皃lays”。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：Listen!Someone____(sing)inthenextroom.解析：“Listen!”提示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，主語(yǔ)“someone”視為單數(shù)，故用“issinging”（be動(dòng)詞選is，sing加-ing）。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（10題）1.We____(have)lunchat12:00everyday.2.Look!Thebirds____(fly)inthesky.3.Mymotheralways____(go)toworkbybus.4.—What____you____(do)now?—I____(draw)apicture.5.Theearth____(go)aroundthesun.6.She____(notwatch)TVonschoolnights.7.____yourfather____(read)newspaperseverymorning?8.They____(clean)theclassroomnow.9.Tom____(study)Chineseveryhard.10.—Whereisyoursister?—She____(wash)clothesinthebathroom.二、主謂一致（動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)的“數(shù)”匹配）考點(diǎn)解析不可數(shù)名詞（如news,water）、單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)（is/does/三單動(dòng)詞）；復(fù)數(shù)名詞、集合名詞表“成員”時(shí)（如family,class），動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)（are/do/原形動(dòng)詞）。例題精講1.Thenews____(be)reallysurprising.解析：“news”是不可數(shù)名詞，視為單數(shù)，故用“is”。2.Myfamily____(be)allwatchingTVnow.解析：“family”此處指“家庭成員”（復(fù)數(shù)概念），故be動(dòng)詞用“are”。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（5題）1.Thewaterintheglass____(be)warm.2.Ourclass____(be)goingtohaveapartythisFriday.（class指“班級(jí)”，單數(shù)）3.Threehours____(be)alongtimeformetowait.（時(shí)間視為單數(shù)）4.Thepolice____(be)lookingforthelostchild.（police表“警察們”，復(fù)數(shù)）5.Maths____(be)myfavouritesubject.（學(xué)科視為單數(shù)）三、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配（“動(dòng)+介/副”的固定用法）考點(diǎn)解析部分動(dòng)詞需搭配特定介詞/副詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，如：lookat（看……）、listento（聽(tīng)……）、puton（穿上）、takeoff（脫下）等。例題精講Please____(look)theblackboardand____(listen)totheteacher.解析：“l(fā)ook”是不及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語(yǔ)需加“at”；“l(fā)isten”同理加“to”，故填“l(fā)ookat”“l(fā)isten”。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（5題）1.Don’t____(look)outofthewindowinclass.2.Sheoften____(put)herbooksinthedesk.3.Let’s____(listen)tosomeEnglishsongs.4.He____(take)offhiscoatbecauseit’shot.5.Theteacherasksusto____(look)thepicturecarefully.四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（動(dòng)詞的“變形”邏輯）考點(diǎn)解析包含肯定句變否定句/一般疑問(wèn)句、對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)，核心是動(dòng)詞的“助動(dòng)詞+原形”轉(zhuǎn)換。例題精講1.肯定變否定：Sheplaysbasketballeveryday.→She____(notplay)basketballeveryday.解析：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)三單，變否定需加助動(dòng)詞“doesn’t”，后接動(dòng)詞原形“play”，故填“doesn’tplay”。2.對(duì)動(dòng)作提問(wèn)：Heisreadingabook.（對(duì)“readingabook”提問(wèn)）→What____he____?解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，對(duì)動(dòng)作提問(wèn)用“What+be+主語(yǔ)+doing?”，故填“is”“doing”。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（5題）1.Theygotoschoolbybike.（變否定句）They________toschoolbybike.2.Sheiscleaningtheroom.（變一般疑問(wèn)句）____she____theroom?3.Tomplaysfootballonweekends.（對(duì)“playsfootball”提問(wèn)）What____Tom____onweekends?4.Iamdoingmyhomework.（對(duì)“myhomework”提問(wèn)）What____you____?5.Thecatrunsfast.（變一般疑問(wèn)句）____thecat____fast?五、動(dòng)詞改錯(cuò)（典型錯(cuò)誤糾正）考點(diǎn)解析常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：三單遺漏、現(xiàn)在分詞錯(cuò)誤、短語(yǔ)搭配缺失、助動(dòng)詞誤用等。例題精講1.Helikeplayingfootball.（錯(cuò)誤：三單遺漏）改正：Helikesplayingfootball.（主語(yǔ)he，動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?.Sheisdanceinthehall.（錯(cuò)誤：現(xiàn)在分詞錯(cuò)誤）改正：Sheisdancinginthehall.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)需用“dance”的-ing形式）專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（5題）1.Thestudentsishavingaclass.2.MyfatheroftenwatchTVintheevening.3.Look!Theboyswimintheriver.4.Wedon’tlisteningtomusicinclass.5.Sheputonhercoatandgoout.六、漢譯英（動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用）考點(diǎn)解析結(jié)合中文語(yǔ)境判斷時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)），正確使用動(dòng)詞形式。例題精講1.他每天步行上學(xué)。He____(walk)toschooleveryday.解析：“每天”表習(xí)慣，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)he，故填“walks”。2.媽媽正在廚房做飯。Mymother____(cook)inthekitchennow.解析：“正在”表現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填“iscooking”。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（5題）1.我哥哥擅長(zhǎng)彈鋼琴。（begoodat）Mybrother____________playingthepiano.2.他們現(xiàn)在不在做作業(yè)。They________theirhomeworknow.3.這只狗看起來(lái)很可愛(ài)。Thedog____(look)verycute.4.請(qǐng)把你的書(shū)放在桌子上。（put...on...）Please____yourbook____thedesk.5.她經(jīng)常在周末去看電影。Sheoften____(go)tothemoviesonweekends.參考答案（分題型）一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)填空1.have（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，we非三單）2.areflying（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，birds復(fù)數(shù)）3.goes（三單，mother是單數(shù)）4.are;doing;amdrawing（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，you用are，I用am）5.goes（客觀(guān)事實(shí)，地球繞太陽(yáng)，三單）6.doesn’twatch（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定，三單加doesn’t）7.Does;read（一般疑問(wèn)句，三單加Does，動(dòng)詞原形）8.arecleaning（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，they復(fù)數(shù)）9.studies（三單，Tom是單數(shù)）10.iswashing（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，she單數(shù)）二、主謂一致1.is（water不可數(shù)）2.is（class指“班級(jí)”，單數(shù)）3.is（時(shí)間視為單數(shù)）4.are（police表“警察們”，復(fù)數(shù)）5.is（學(xué)科視為單數(shù)）三、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配1.look（lookoutof向外看）2.puts（put的三單，主語(yǔ)she）3.listen（let’s后接原形）4.takes（take的三單，主語(yǔ)he）5.lookat（look接賓語(yǔ)加at）四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.don’tgo（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定，we非三單，加don’t）2.Is;cleaning（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)，be動(dòng)詞提前）3.does;do（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，三單加does，動(dòng)詞原形）4.are;doing（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，結(jié)構(gòu)What+be+主語(yǔ)+doing?）5.Does;run（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)，三單加Does，動(dòng)詞原形）五、動(dòng)詞改錯(cuò)1.is→are（students復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are）2.watch→watches（father三單，動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?.swim→isswimming（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，加be動(dòng)詞和-ing）4.listening→listen（don’t后接動(dòng)詞原形）5.put→puts;go→goes（she三單，兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都變?nèi)龁危┝?、漢譯英1.isgoo