2025年高二年級11月考試英語試卷注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡上交。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.Wherewillthespeakersmeeteachother?A.Atthemonkeyhouse.B.Atthewhalepool.C.Atthegiftshop.2.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Doingexperiments.B.Writingreports.C.Organizingactivities.3.Whendoesthewomanthinktheumbrellawasinvented?A.Onasunnyday.B.Onarainyday.C.Onawindyday.4.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Thelift.B.Themainentrance.C.Apicture.5.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantohelpwith?A.Sendingthepackage.B.Choosingashirt.C.Workingonhishomework.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Classschedules.B.Favoriteteachers.C.Termpapers.7.WhatwillthewomandothisFridaynight?A.Studyatthelibrary.B.Attendalecture.C.Gotowork.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.TVhostandguest.B.Directorandactress.C.Starandfan.9.WhatdidEmmadislikeaboutbeingachildstar?A.Performinginthetheater.B.StaringinsmallTVshows.C.Gettingalotofattentioninpublic.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheman’shouse.B.Onthebus.C.Inthelibrary.11.Whatdothespeakershaveinmon?A.They’rebothfansofmoderntechnology.B.They’rebothinterestedinreading.C.They’rebothneatandtidy.12.Whyisthewomanconsideringbuyinganereader?A.Itiseasiertocarry.B.Itisgoodfortheplanet.C.Itcanhelpherbemoreorganized.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelatthebeginning?A.Surprised.B.Sad.C.Excited.14.Whycan’tthewoman’sbrotheretovisither?A.Heissick.B.Hehastowork.C.Hecan’taffordtheplaneticket.15.Whatkindofmusicdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Dancemusic.B.Jazzmusic.C.Rockmusic.16.Whowillthemangototheshowwith?A.Hiscoworker.B.Hisfriend.C.Hiswife.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WheredoesTomlive?A.InNewYork.B.InBeijing.C.InBoston.18.WhichsportsteamdidTomjoin?A.Thefootballteam.B.Thebasketballteam.C.Thebaseballteam.19.WhatdoesTomhopetobeinthefuture?A.Acollegeteacher.B.Amoviedirector.C.Adoctor.20.Whatmonthisitnowprobably?A.January.B.March.C.April.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOurEasiestJitterbugPhoneEverUnlikemostcellphonesthatarehardtohear,difficulttodialandoverloadedwithfeatures,theJitterbugFlip2iseasytouse,withHealth&SafetyServicesandhelpfromourcaringteam,24/7.EASYThelargescreen,bigbuttons,simplelistbasedmenuandonetouchspeeddialingmakecallingandtextingeasy.Featuresincludealonglastingbattery,apowerfulspeaker,alargerfontforreadingandaflashlight.Plus,abuiltincameraletsyoucaptureandsharespecialmoments.HELPFULKindandknowledgeable,ourspeciallytrainedcaringteamishereforyouanytime,dayornight.Whetheryouwouldliketolearnmoreaboutyournewphone,needarideorhaveahealthconcern,we’reheretohelp.Youcancountonus,eveninanemergency.AFFORDABLEU.S.basedlarpriceofthephoneis$79.99,butthereareoftendiscounts.Itoffersthreeserviceplans,withpricesstartingat$14.99permonth.Saveover$55ayearwhenyouaddUrgentResponse.Allplansincludeunlimitedtalkandtext,100%U.S.basedcustomerservice,andtheoptiontoswitchplansatanytimewithoutlongtermcontractsorcancellationfees.Wetreateverycalllikeit’sourmomordad.Wecanlookupanddialnumbersforyou.Wecanconnectyoutoanurseformedicaladvice.Wecanschedulearideforyou.Wecannotifyfamilymembersinanemergency.Toorderorlearnmore,calrvisitWhatmakestheJitterbugFlip2differentfrommostcellphones?A.Userfriendlydesign. B.Afastchargingbattery.C.Fullfunctions. D.Afreeurgentresponseservice.2.Whatserviceisnotincludedinthecaringteam?A.Tomakecalls. B.Toinformfamiliesinemergencies.C.Tobookacartothedoctor’s. D.Toprovidemedicaltreatment.3.Whoisthetargetaudienceforthiscellphone?A.Parents. B.Seniors.C.Youngadults. D.Businessprofessionals.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一款專為老人設(shè)計的手機(jī)JitterbugFlip2：大屏大鍵、菜單簡潔、24/7人工服務(wù)，可代撥電話、叫車、聯(lián)系護(hù)士并通知家人，月費14.99美元起，無合約?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Unlikemostcellphonesthatarehardtohear,difficulttodialandoverloadedwithfeatures,theJitterbugFlip2iseasytouse,withHealth&SafetyServicesandhelpfromourcaringteam,24/7.(與大多數(shù)難以聽清、撥號困難和功能過載的手機(jī)不同，JitterbugFlip2易于使用，擁有健康與安全服務(wù)以及我們關(guān)懷團(tuán)隊的全天候幫助)”并綜合全文可知，這款手機(jī)與大多數(shù)手機(jī)的不同之處是它的設(shè)計：用戶友好設(shè)計，如大屏幕、大按鈕和簡單菜單等對用戶友好。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文末Wetreateverycalllikeit’sourmomordad.部分“Wecanlookupanddialnumbersforyou.Wecanconnectyoutoanurseformedicaladvice.Wecanschedulearideforyou.Wecannotifyfamilymembersinanemergency.(我們可以為您查詢和撥號。我們可以幫你找護(hù)士咨詢醫(yī)療建議。我們可以為你安排一趟車。我們可以在緊急情況下通知家人)”可知，文章提到了他們團(tuán)隊的服務(wù)包括代撥電話、緊急通知家人、預(yù)約乘車、連接護(hù)士咨詢，但“提供醫(yī)療治療”不在服務(wù)范圍，廣告只提到幫忙聯(lián)系護(hù)士獲取建議，而非直接治療。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thelargescreen,bigbuttons,simplelistbasedmenuandonetouchspeeddialingmakecallingandtextingeasy.(大屏幕，大按鈕，簡單的列表菜單和一鍵快速撥號使打電話和發(fā)短信變得容易)”及最后“Wetreateverycalllikeit’sourmomordad.Wecanlookupanddialnumbersforyou.(我們把每個電話都當(dāng)成是爸爸媽媽打來的。我們可以為您查詢和撥號)”可知，大屏幕，大按鍵，易撥打等特點是針對老年人友好的，并且商家表示對待每個客戶打來的電話就像對待自己爸爸媽媽打來的電話一樣。由此推知，該手機(jī)的目標(biāo)用戶是老年人。故選B項。BThissummer,Iwasinvitedtotakepartinpostdubbing(后期配音),whichinvolvesaddingextravoiceworktoenhancethesoundqualityofcertainscenes,fortheChineseWWIIepic,DongjiRescue(《東極島》).Ittellsthestoryof384BritishprisonersrescuedbybraveChinesefishermenaftertheJapanesearmyhadlockedhundredsmoresoldiersinthesinkingwarship,LisbonMaru.AsaBritishnational,myjobwastoprojectmybest1940sBritishsoldier’svoice,shouting,screaming,gruntingandgivingmandsasvarioussurvivorsduringthedaringrescue.JoiningateamoffellowWesternactors,wewatchedthefilm’sdramaticscenesonalargescreenasseveralmicrophonesrecordedourwordsandactionsinarecordingstudio.Readinglinesalonewasscary,asIwaskeentomaintainclaritywhilealsoexpressingtheintenseemotionsofthesceneasrealisticallyaspossible.Themostenjoyablepartwasworkingasagroup,witheachpersonperformingdifferentlines,oftenoverlapping(重疊)tocreatethechaosandconfusionoftheintensesurvivalscenesfeaturinghundredsofsoldiers.Thiswaswherewecouldreallyplaywithdifferenttonesandemotionstocreateanumberofbelievableanddramaticvoices,tryingtoliveuptotheexcellentonscreenworkofthecastandcrew.Eventhoughourcontributiontothepicturewassmall,therewasanoticeablelevelofteamspiritandseriousness.Weappreciatedthegravityofthehistoricaleventandtherespectithadclearlybeengiveninthefilm.Theworkrequiredaccuratetimingtomatchtheactors’lipmovementsandfitwiththeactors’gestures,andeventhoughIonlydidonedayinthestudio,itwastiringwork,leavingmyvoiceroughandhurting.Sincetheevent,I’vekeptintouchwithanumberoftheactors.Thisexperienceshowsthatit’salwaysworthsteppingoutsideyourfortzonetoexplorenewcreativeopportunities.Anditwasprettyfuntoseemynameinthecredits,too!4.Whatwastheauthor’smainresponsibilityinthepostdubbing?A.Readinglinesalonewithstrongemotions. B.Improvingoverallsoundqualityofthefilm.C.VoicingvariousBritishsoldiercharacters. D.DirectingotherWesternactors’performances.5.Whatmadethegroupworkthemostpleasurablefortheauthor?A.Watchingscenestogether. B.Avoidingoverlappinglines.C.Presentingsoldiers’survivalchaos. D.Adjustingtonestocreatevividvoices.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthejob?A.Worthwhileandeffortless. B.Rewardinganddemanding.C.Innovativeandchallenging. D.Easyandenjoyable.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sstorymainlyshow?A.Hewhodareswins. B.Practicemakesperfect.CManyhandsmakelightwork. D.Everycloudhasasilverlining.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。作者作為英國人參與《東極島》后期配音，為二戰(zhàn)英國士兵幸存者配音，享受團(tuán)隊合作中調(diào)整語氣創(chuàng)造生動聲音的過程，雖工作費力但認(rèn)為值得，感悟應(yīng)走出舒適區(qū)探索新機(jī)會。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AsaBritishnational,myjobwastoprojectmybest1940sBritishsoldier’svoice,shouting,screaming,gruntingandgivingmandsasvarioussurvivorsduringthedaringrescue.(作為一名英國公民，我的任務(wù)是展現(xiàn)出最符合20世紀(jì)40年代英軍士兵風(fēng)格的聲音，在這場驚心動魄的救援行動中，以各種幸存者的身份呼喊、尖叫、呻吟并下達(dá)指令)”可知，在后期配音工作中，這位作者的主要職責(zé)是演繹各種英國士兵的角色。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Themostenjoyablepartwasworkingasagroup,witheachpersonperformingdifferentlines,oftenoverlapping(重疊)tocreatethechaosandconfusionoftheintensesurvivalscenesfeaturinghundredsofsoldiers.Thiswaswherewecouldreallyplaywithdifferenttonesandemotionstocreateanumberofbelievableanddramaticvoices,tryingtoliveuptotheexcellentonscreenworkofthecastandcrew.(最令人愉快的部分在于團(tuán)隊合作，每個人分別扮演不同的角色，有時角色還會相互重疊，從而營造出數(shù)百名士兵參與的激烈生存場景中的混亂與緊張氛圍。在這里，我們能夠盡情發(fā)揮不同的音調(diào)和情感，創(chuàng)造出一系列真實可信且富有戲劇性的聲音，力求不辜負(fù)演員和工作人員在銀幕上的出色表現(xiàn))”可推知，團(tuán)隊合作中最讓作者愉悅的是通過調(diào)整語氣和情感，創(chuàng)造出生動可信的聲音。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theworkrequiredaccuratetimingtomatchtheactors’lipmovementsandfitwiththeactors’gestures,andeventhoughIonlydidonedayinthestudio,itwastiringwork,leavingmyvoiceroughandhurting.(這項工作需要精確把握時間，以與演員的嘴唇動作相匹配，并與他們的動作協(xié)調(diào)一致。盡管我在錄音棚里只工作了一天，但那也是非常累人的工作，導(dǎo)致我的嗓子變得沙啞，還很疼痛)”以及最后一段中“Thisexperienceshowsthatit’salwaysworthsteppingoutsideyourfortzonetoexplorenewcreativeopportunities.(這一經(jīng)歷表明，走出舒適區(qū)去探索新的創(chuàng)意機(jī)會總是值得的)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為這份工作雖然要求高，但很有收獲。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisexperienceshowsthatit’salwaysworthsteppingoutsideyourfortzonetoexplorenewcreativeopportunities.Anditwasprettyfuntoseemynameinthecredits,too!(這次經(jīng)歷表明，走出舒適區(qū)去探索新的創(chuàng)意機(jī)會總是值得的。而且看到自己的名字出現(xiàn)在片尾字幕里也讓我感到非常開心！)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者參與中國二戰(zhàn)史詩電影《東極島》的后期配音工作，為各種英國士兵角色配音的經(jīng)歷。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者走出舒適區(qū)，探索新的創(chuàng)作機(jī)會，雖然工作辛苦但很有收獲?？芍?，作者的故事主要表明“敢于冒險的人才能獲得成功”。故選A。CAnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegosayslearningMandarinChinesecanhelpwithmusic.InapaperinDevelopmentalScience,researchersfoundthatpreschoolerswhospeakMandarinfirstarebetteratmusicalpitch(音高)thanthosewhospeakEnglish.Theresultsarenotjustaboutfindingwhomightbegoodatmusicearly.Thestudyshowsthatwhenthebrainlearnsskillsinonearea,itcanaffectlearninginanother.SarahCreel,theleadauthorfromUCSanDiego’sDepartmentofCognitiveScience(認(rèn)知科學(xué)系),said,“Abigquestioniswhetherourmentalabilitiesareseparate.Forexample,dowehavespecialbrainsystemsonlyforlanguage?Ourresearchsuggeststheopposite—there’sakindofinteractionandwecanusecognitiveabilitiesindifferentareas.”TheresearchersdidtwoexperimentswithyoungMandarinlearnersandEnglishlearners.Theytested180childrenontasksaboutpitchpatternsandtimbre(音色).Inthetimbretask,MandarinspeakersandEnglishspeakersdidsimilarly.Butinthepitchtask,MandarinspeakersoutperformEnglishspeakers.Mandarinisatonelanguage.TheauthorsthinkthatpayingattentiontotoneshelpsyoungMandarinspeakersnoticepitchinmusicbetter.GailHeyman,acoauthorfromUCSanDiego’sDepartmentofPsychology,said,“Thisshowsthatthelanguageyouspeakaffectshowyouunderstandmusic.Itsupportstheideaofcrossdomain(跨領(lǐng)域)learning.”Thestudy’scoauthorswrote,“Weshowforthefirsttimethatlearningatonelanguageisconnectedwithbettermusicalpitchprocessinginyoungchildren.Thisisimportantforneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))andbehavior,andourresearchcanhelpdesignbraintrainingprograms.”ButHeymanandCreeladvise:Don’tstopyourchild’smusiclessonstofocusonlyonlanguage,orlanguagelessonsformusic.Tobegoodatmusic,youstillneedtostudymusic.Andlearninganotherlanguageisgoodinitself,whetheritmakesyouabettermusicianornot.8.Whatisthemainfindingofthenewstudy?A.Listeningtomusicearlyisalwaysgood.B.MandarinisbetterthanEnglishinallways.C.Preschoolershavetotallydifferentmentalskills.D.LearningMandarinhelpspeopleunderstandmusic.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”inparagraph3mean?A.Dobetterthan. B.Doworsethan.C.Actdifferentlyfrom. D.Reactsimilarlyto.10.Whatcanthestudy’sfindingshelpdo?A.Makemoreexactlanguagetests. B.Createbettercognitivetrainingplans.C.Findoutkids’musicalabilityveryearly. D.Makemusicteachingmoreinteresting.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Topointoutthestudy’sproblems. B.Tosuggesttopicsforfutureresearch.C.Topreventoverinterpretingtheresults. D.Totellpeopletovalueearlyeducation.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)齡前普通話使用者的音樂音高感知優(yōu)于英語使用者，因普通話聲調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)助力音高識別，證實跨領(lǐng)域認(rèn)知關(guān)聯(lián)，且研究可輔助設(shè)計大腦訓(xùn)練項目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegosayslearningMandarinChinesecanhelpwithmusic.(加利福尼亞大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校的一項新研究表明，學(xué)習(xí)漢語普通話對音樂能力有益)”可知，這項新研究的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)是學(xué)習(xí)普通話有助于人們更好地理解音樂。故選D。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Inthetimbretask,MandarinspeakersandEnglishspeakersdidsimilarly.(在音色測試中，說普通話的人和說英語的人表現(xiàn)得大致相同)”可知，在音色任務(wù)中，說普通話和英語的兒童表現(xiàn)相似，但在音高任務(wù)中，說普通話的兒童outperform說英語的兒童，通過“but”的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯可推斷，outperform意為“表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于”。故劃線詞意思是“表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thestudy’scoauthorswrote,“Weshowforthefirsttimethatlearningatonelanguageisconnectedwithbettermusicalpitchprocessinginyoungchildren.Thisisimportantforneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))andbehavior,andourresearchcanhelpdesignbraintrainingprograms.”(該研究的合著者寫道：“我們首次證明，學(xué)習(xí)一種聲調(diào)語言與幼兒對音樂音高的處理能力的提高有關(guān)。這在神經(jīng)科學(xué)和行為學(xué)領(lǐng)域都具有重要意義，而我們的研究有助于設(shè)計大腦訓(xùn)練方案。”)”可知，該研究的成果有助于制定更有效的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練計劃。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButHeymanandCreeladvise:Don’tstopyourchild’smusiclessonstofocusonlyonlanguage,orlanguagelessonsformusic.Tobegoodatmusic,youstillneedtostudymusic.Andlearninganotherlanguageisgoodinitself,whetheritmakesyouabettermusicianornot.(但海曼和克里爾建議：不要因為只專注于語言學(xué)習(xí)而中斷孩子的音樂課程，也不要只專注于音樂課程而忽略語言學(xué)習(xí)。要想精通音樂，你仍然需要學(xué)習(xí)音樂知識。而且學(xué)習(xí)另一種語言本身也是有益的，無論它是否能讓你成為更出色的音樂家)”可推知，最后一段的目的是避免對結(jié)果進(jìn)行過度解讀。故選C。DMicroscopicplasticpiecesareeverywhere,andanewstudyshowstheyexistinbottledwateratlevels10to100timeshigherthanpeoplethoughtbefore.ResearchersfromColumbiaUniversityandRutgersUniversityfoundabout240,000plasticpiecesthatcanbedetectedinanormalliterofbottledwater.ThestudywaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheresearchersusedaspecialmicroscopemethodcalledstimulatedRamanscatteringandmachinelearningtodetectsevenmontypesofplastics,testingthreeunnamedbottledwaterbrands.About10%oftheseparticles(微粒)aremicroplastics(5millimetersto1micrometer),and90%arenanoplastics(lessthan1micrometer).Microplasticshavealreadybeenfoundinhumanlungs,bloodandplacentas.“Nanoplasticscouldbeevenmoredangerousthanmicroplasticsbecausewheninsidethehumanbody,thesmalleritgoes,theeasierforittobemisidentifiedasthenaturalponentofthecell,”saysWeiMin,aColumbiachemistryprofessorandcoauthoronthestudy.TheInternationalBottledWaterAssociation(IBWA)saidithadonlyashorttimetolookatthestudy.Itarguedthatthenewwayofdetectingplasticsneedstobefullycheckedbyscientists.Also,moreresearchisneededtocreatestandardwaystomeasureandcountnanoplasticsinoursurroundings.Itaddedthereisnoscientificagreementonthepotentialhealthimpactsofnanoplasticandmicroplasticparticlesandmediareportsunnecessarilyscareconsumers.PhoebeStapleton,anothercoauthorofthestudy,saysresearchersalreadyknowthatnanoplasticsareinwater.“Butifyoucan’tquantifythemorcreateimagesofthem,it’shardtobelievetheyreallyexist.Theimportanceofourteam’sresearchisthatitnowrevealsthisclearly—itnotonlyprovidesputergeneratedimages,butalsoletsusmeasurethenanoplastics.Evenmoreimportantly,itofferschemicalanalysisofthosemeasurements.”shesays,addingthattheresearchhelpspeoplebetterunderstandhowmuchplastichumansusuallytakeintotheirbodiesandwhateffectsithas.12.WhydoestheauthormentionthenumbersinParagraph1?A.Toshowthediversityofplasticpieces. B.Toquestionthesignificanceofthestudy.C.Toindicatetheseriousnessofplasticpollution. D.Toexplainpotentialsourcesofplasticpieces.13.AccordingtoParagraph2,whyarenanoplasticspossiblymoredangerous?A.Theyaremorewidelyspread. B.Theymayentercellsmoreeasily.C.Theymightberecognizedaspartofcells. D.Theyaremistakenforsometypesofcells.14.WhattonedoestheIBWAadoptwhenreactingtothefindingsofthestudy?A.Encouragingbutreserved. B.Cautiousandskeptical.C.Uncertainbutcurious. D.Criticalanddirect.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.IsThereActuallyPlasticinYourBottledWater?B.MicroscopicPlasticPieces:AHiddenHealthRisk.C.CanScientistsQuantifyPlasticPiecesinOurBody?D.YourBottledWaterHasMorePlasticThanYouImagine.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)瓶裝水中微塑料和納米塑料的含量比之前估計的要高得多，介紹了研究的方法、相關(guān)各方的態(tài)度以及該研究的重要意義。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Microscopicplasticpiecesareeverywhere,andanewstudyshowstheyexistinbottledwateratlevels10to100timeshigherthanpeoplethoughtbefore.ResearchersfromColumbiaUniversityandRutgersUniversityfoundabout240,000plasticpiecesthatcanbedetectedinanormalliterofbottledwater.ThestudywaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.(微小的塑料碎片無處不在，一項新的研究表明，瓶裝水中存在的塑料顆粒數(shù)量比人們此前認(rèn)為的要高出10到100倍。哥倫比亞大學(xué)和羅格斯大學(xué)的研究人員在一瓶普通瓶裝水中檢測到了約24萬個可被發(fā)現(xiàn)的塑料顆粒。該研究發(fā)表在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》上)”可推知，作者在第一段中提及這些數(shù)字以表明塑料污染的嚴(yán)重性。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Nanoplasticscouldbeevenmoredangerousthanmicroplasticsbecausewheninsidethehumanbody,thesmalleritgoes,theeasierforittobemisidentifiedasthenaturalponentofthecell(納米塑料可能比微塑料更為危險，因為一旦進(jìn)入人體內(nèi)，其尺寸越小，就越容易被誤認(rèn)為是細(xì)胞中的天然成分)”可知，納米塑料可能更具危害性因為它們可能會被誤認(rèn)為是細(xì)胞的一部分。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheInternationalBottledWaterAssociation(IBWA)saidithadonlyashorttimetolookatthestudy.Itarguedthatthenewwayofdetectingplasticsneedstobefullycheckedbyscientists.Also,moreresearchisneededtocreatestandardwaystomeasureandcountnanoplasticsinoursurroundings.Itaddedthereisnoscientificagreementonthepotentialhealthimpactsofnanoplasticandmicroplasticparticlesandmediareportsunnecessarilyscareconsumers.(國際瓶裝水協(xié)會（IBWA）表示，他們只能對這項研究進(jìn)行短暫的審查。該協(xié)會認(rèn)為，檢測塑料的新方法需要由科學(xué)家進(jìn)行全面檢驗。此外，還需要進(jìn)行更多的研究，以制定衡量和統(tǒng)計我們周圍環(huán)境中納米塑料的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法。該協(xié)會還指出，目前對于納米塑料和微塑料顆?？赡軐】诞a(chǎn)生的影響尚未達(dá)成科學(xué)共識，媒體的報道也無必要給消費者造成恐慌)”可推知，國際瓶裝水協(xié)會在對這項研究的結(jié)果是謹(jǐn)慎且持懷疑態(tài)度。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Microscopicplasticpiecesareeverywhere,andanewstudyshowstheyexistinbottledwateratlevels10to100timeshigherthanpeoplethoughtbefore.ResearchersfromColumbiaUniversityandRutgersUniversityfoundabout240,000plasticpiecesthatcanbedetectedinanormalliterofbottledwater.ThestudywaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.(微小的塑料碎片無處不在，一項新的研究表明，瓶裝水中存在的塑料顆粒數(shù)量比人們此前認(rèn)為的要高出10到100倍。哥倫比亞大學(xué)和羅格斯大學(xué)的研究人員在一瓶普通瓶裝水中檢測到了約24萬個可被發(fā)現(xiàn)的塑料顆粒。該研究發(fā)表在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》上)”以及文章主要講述了一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)瓶裝水中微塑料和納米塑料的含量比之前估計的要高得多，介紹了研究的方法、相關(guān)各方的態(tài)度以及該研究的重要意義?？芍珼選項“你的瓶裝水中的塑料含量比你想象的要多”最能概括文章主旨，是最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5個小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youdon’thavetoquitsugar,goveganorrunamarathontoseerealchangeinyourhealthandwellbeing.Instead,sciencesupportsa“gosmall”approach.____16____Tohelpyoumakethisshift,we’veroundedupthesimplest,mostsciencebackedmicrohabitsthatcantransformyourphysical,emotionalandmentalhealth.Getadailydoseofnature.Spendingtimeoutside—whetherinapark,yourbackyardornearsomepottedplantsthatfeelwild—haspowerfulbenefits.Studiesshowthatbeinginnaturelowersstress,quietsoverthinkingandliftsyourmood.One2019studycalleditanaturepillandfoundthateven20to30minutesadayworkedwonders.____17____Eatwithchopsticksonsmallplates____18____Tworesearchprovenwaystodothis:Grabsomechopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes.Chopsticksnaturallyslowyoureatingpace,allowingyoutotellwhenyou’refull.Shrinkingyourplatehelpsyouserve(andeat)lesswithoutnoticing.Bothtrickshelpyouslowdown,eatmoremindfullyandcutcalorieswithoutfeelingasifyou’retrying.Givesomeoneabighug.We’rewiredforconnection,andnothingsays“I’vegotyou”likeagood,longhug.Holdingsomeoneclosefor20secondsboostsoxytocin(thelovehormone)anddropscortisol(thestressone).____19____Bonusbenefitslikedeeperconnection,lowerbloodpressure,andwarmandfuzzyfeelingslastlongerthanyourgroupchathighfiveemoji.____20____Eachnight,writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor.A2020metaanalysislinksthishabittomorehappiness,lessstress,andmilderdepression(seekotherhelpifneeded).Ithelpsyourbrainshiftfromfocusingonthenegativetorecognizingallthegoodthingshappeninginyourworld.Startnowbychoosingoneortwoofthesemicrohabitsthatresonatewithyou.A.Keepagratitudejournal.B.Prepareyourselfforgoodthings.C.It’sbasicallyanaturalmoodbalancer.D.Littleactions,doneregularly,arewhatcreatelastingchange.E.Changingyourdiningsetupcanmakeeatinglesssecondnature.F.Theyincludeincreasedjoy,accidentalmindfulnessandsmilingatsquirrels.G.Makingsmallchangestoenvironmentleadstosignificanthealthimprovements.【答案】16D17.C18.E19.F20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章提出無需大幅改變生活，“從小處著手”的微習(xí)慣可改善身心健康，推薦了每日接觸自然、用筷小盤進(jìn)食、擁抱他人、堅持感恩日記等簡單且有科學(xué)依據(jù)的做法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youdon’thavetoquitsugar,goveganorrunamarathontoseerealchangeinyourhealthandwellbeing.Instead,sciencesupportsa“gosmall”approach.(你無需完全戒掉糖分、成為純素食者或者參加馬拉松比賽，就能在健康和身心狀況方面看到顯著的改善。相反，科學(xué)研究表明，采取“從小處著手”的方法會更有效)”以及后文“Tohelpyoumakethisshift,we’veroundedupthesimplest,mostsciencebackedmicrohabitsthatcantransformyourphysical,emotionalandmentalhealth(為了幫助您實現(xiàn)這一轉(zhuǎn)變，我們精心挑選了最簡單且基于科學(xué)原理的微習(xí)慣，這些微習(xí)慣能夠改善您的身體、情緒和心理健康狀況)”可知，前文提出“無需徹底改變（戒糖、素食等），科學(xué)支持‘從小處著手’的方法”，空格后引出“最簡單、有科學(xué)依據(jù)的微習(xí)慣”。D項“小行動，常堅持，才能帶來持久改變”承接前文“gosmall”的核心觀點，同時引出下文“微習(xí)慣”的具體內(nèi)容，起到承上啟下的作用。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Spendingtimeoutside—whetherinapark,yourbackyardornearsomepottedplantsthatfeelwild—haspowerfulbenefits.Studiesshowthatbeinginnaturelowersstress,quietsoverthinkingandliftsyourmood.One2019studycalleditanaturepillandfoundthateven20to30minutesadayworkedwonders.(在戶外度過時光——無論是身處公園、自家后院，還是靠近那些看起來充滿野趣的盆栽植物——都有諸多益處。研究表明，身處大自然中能夠減輕壓力、減少過度思考并提升情緒。2019年的一項研究將其稱為“自然藥丸”，并發(fā)現(xiàn)每天只需20到30分鐘就能產(chǎn)生顯著效果)”可知，本段主題是“每日接觸自然”，前文提到“接觸自然能減壓、平復(fù)過度思考、改善情緒”，且2019年研究稱其為“自然藥丸”。C項“它本質(zhì)上是天然的情緒平衡劑”是對前文自然益處的總結(jié)，“moodbalancer”與前文“stress...stress...liftsyourmood”形成呼應(yīng)，邏輯連貫。故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Tworesearchprovenwaystodothis:Grabsomechopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes.Chopsticksnaturallyslowyoureatingpace,allowingyoutotellwhenyou’refull.Shrinkingyourplatehelpsyouserve(andeat)lesswithoutnoticing.Bothtrickshelpyouslowdown,eatmoremindfullyandcutcalorieswithoutfeelingasifyou’retrying.(有兩種經(jīng)過科學(xué)研究證實的方法可以實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)：拿起筷子，縮小你的餐盤尺寸?？曜幽茏匀坏販p緩你的進(jìn)食速度，讓你能夠察覺自己是否已經(jīng)吃飽。縮小餐盤的大小能幫助你不知不覺地減少食物的攝入量。這兩種方法都能讓你放慢進(jìn)食速度，更用心地用餐，并且在不覺得是在刻意控制的情況下減少熱量攝入)”可知，本段主題是“用筷子、小盤子吃飯”，空格后具體解釋這兩種用餐方式如何幫助控制飲食。E項“改變餐具能讓少吃成為本能”總領(lǐng)全段，“diningsetup”對應(yīng)后文“chopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes”，準(zhǔn)確概括本段核心方法（通過調(diào)整用餐工具/容器改變飲食行為）。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“We’rewiredforconnection,andnothingsays“I’vegotyou”likeagood,longhug.Holdingsomeoneclosefor20secondsboostsoxytocin(thelovehormone)anddropscortisol(thestressone).(我們天生就渴望與他人建立聯(lián)系，而沒有什么比一個深情而長久的擁抱更能表達(dá)“我在你身邊”了。將某人緊緊擁入懷中20秒，會促進(jìn)體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生更多的催產(chǎn)素（這種“愛的荷爾蒙”）并降低皮質(zhì)醇（這種“壓力荷爾蒙”的水平）)”以及后文“Bonusbenefitslikedeeperconnection,lowerbloodpressure,andwarmandfuzzyfeelingslastlongerthanyourgroupchathighfiveemoji.(諸如更緊密的聯(lián)系、更低的血壓以及溫馨愉悅的感覺等附加益處，其持續(xù)時間要遠(yuǎn)長于你發(fā)在群聊中用來表示慶祝的“擊掌”表情符號)”可知，前文提到“擁抱20秒能提升催產(chǎn)素、降低皮質(zhì)醇”，空格后補(bǔ)充“更深的聯(lián)結(jié)、更低的血壓等額外益處”。F項“這些益處包括更多愉悅感、不經(jīng)意的專注力提升和對松鼠微笑的快樂”承接前文“擁抱的好處”，“They”指代前文提到的擁抱帶來的生理變化，且“bonusbenefits”與后文形成遞進(jìn)，符合邏輯。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Eachnight,writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor.A2020metaanalysislinksthishabittomorehappiness,lessstress,andmilderdepression(seekotherhelpifneeded).Ithelpsyourbrainshiftfromfocusingonthenegativetorecognizingallthegoodthingshappeninginyourworld.(每天晚上，寫下你所感激的三件事情。2020年的一項與此相關(guān)的元分析表明，養(yǎng)成這個習(xí)慣能帶來更多的幸福感、更少的壓力以及更輕微的抑郁癥狀（如有需要，可尋求其他幫助）。這有助于你的大腦從專注于消極方面轉(zhuǎn)向認(rèn)識到你所生活的世界中發(fā)生的所有美好事情)”可知，本段核心內(nèi)容是“每晚寫下三件感恩的事”，后文解釋該習(xí)慣的益處（更快樂、壓力更小等）。A項“堅持感恩日記”直接點明本段主題，“gratitudejournal”與“writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor”完全對應(yīng)，是段落主旨的精準(zhǔn)概括。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15個小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）ThetoughdemandsoftheIBprogramhitmeonthethirddayofschoolwithahardphysicslab.Myteachersaidnoonecouldscoreover90%,which____21____myconfidence.Athome,my____22____grewasmyfatherworriedaboutmyflatSATprogress,anecessityforenteringa/an____23____university.The____24____thatbrokethecamel’sbackwasarejectionfromtheRegionalRedCrossYouthCouncil.Asvicepresidentofmyschool’sclub,Inever____25____this.TheRedCrosswasmypassion,settingme____26____fromothers.Thisrejectionmademyfuturelook____27____,andIbrokedownlikea/an____28____rubberband.Iturnedtomymother,who’d____29____herfreetimeformychances,andsharedmyfears.Shedrewacircle:“80%forschoolwork,10%forSAT,10%for____30____activities.But100%isyourmentalhealth.”“Nothingmattersmorethanhealth”shesaid.“Wewantyoutohaveagoodjobtobeless____31____.Ifthispathupsetsyou,it’snotworthit—evenmakinghamburgersisfine.”Herwordsbroughtgreat____32____.Irealizedarubberbanddoesn’tneedconstantstretching.Arubberbandthatwrapsaroundyourhairduringthedayandisallowedtorestonyournightstandatnightwon’teverbreak.ThoughI____33____studiedhardandtriedforexcellence,myviewchanged.Fearoffailurelostits____34____.Ireachforthemoon,butI’mnotafraid.ForIknowifImiss,I’ll____35____rightinmymother’sarms.21.A.built B.restored C.sh