2025年南京大學(xué)外語保送筆試及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Theterm"idiom"inlinguisticsrefersto:A.AgrammaticalstructurethatisuniquetoalanguageB.AphrasethathasameaningdifferentfromtheliteralinterpretationofitswordsC.AformalwayofexpressingacommonideaD.Awordthatisusedinatechnicalcontext2.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofthepassivevoice?A.ItalwaysemphasizesthesubjectperformingtheactionB.ItiscommonlyusedinformalwritingC.IttypicallyomitsthesubjectperformingtheactionD.Itisprimarilyusedinspokenlanguage3.Theprocessofaddingasuffixtoabasewordtocreateanewwordisknownas:A.ConjugationB.DerivationC.InflectionD.Transformation4.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,"theword"reading"is:A.AnounB.AverbC.AnadjectiveD.Apreposition5.Theuseofexaggerationforhumorousoremphaticeffectisknownas:A.MetaphorB.HyperboleC.SimileD.Personification6.Theterm"syntax"inlinguisticsrefersto:A.ThestudyofsoundsinalanguageB.Thearrangementofwordsandphrasestocreatewell-formedsentencesC.ThestudyofthehistoryofalanguageD.Thestudyofthemeaningofwords7.Theword"ambiguity"means:A.ThequalityofbeingclearandunderstandableB.ThepresenceoftwoormorepossiblemeaningsC.TheabilitytospeakmultiplelanguagesD.Thelackofinterestinatopic8.Theterm"semantics"inlinguisticsrefersto:A.ThestudyofthestructureofalanguageB.ThestudyofthesoundsofalanguageC.ThestudyofthemeaningofwordsandsentencesD.Thestudyofthehistoryofalanguage9.Theuseofawordinawaythatisnotitsusualmeaningisknownas:A.ConnotationB.DenotationC.MetaphorD.Irony10.Theterm"pragmatics"inlinguisticsrefersto:A.ThestudyofthehistoryofalanguageB.ThestudyofthesoundsofalanguageC.ThestudyofthemeaningofwordsandsentencesincontextD.Thestudyofthestructureofalanguage二、填空題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Thestudyofthehistoryofalanguageiscalled________.2.Theprocessofchangingtheformofawordtoexpressdifferentgrammaticalfunctionsiscalled________.3.Awordthathasbothaliteralmeaningandafigurativemeaningiscalleda________.4.Thearrangementofwordsandphrasestocreatewell-formedsentencesiscalled________.5.Theuseofwordstoexpressideas,feelings,oremotionsiscalled________.6.Thestudyofthesoundsofalanguageiscalled________.7.Thestudyofthemeaningofwordsandsentencesiscalled________.8.Thequalityofbeingclearandunderstandableiscalled________.9.Thepresenceoftwoormorepossiblemeaningsiscalled________.10.Thestudyofthestructureofalanguageiscalled________.三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.2.Idiomscanbetranslatedword-for-wordfromonelanguagetoanother.3.Derivationistheprocessofchangingtheformofawordtoexpressdifferentgrammaticalfunctions.4.Theword"book"isbothanounandaverbinEnglish.5.Hyperboleisafigureofspeechthatusesexaggerationforhumorousoremphaticeffect.6.Syntaxisthestudyofthesoundsofalanguage.7.Semanticsisthestudyofthehistoryofalanguage.8.Metaphorisafigureofspeechthatdirectlycomparestwodifferentthings.9.Pragmaticsisthestudyofthemeaningofwordsandsentencesincontext.10.Connotationreferstotheliteralmeaningofaword.四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.ExplainthedifferencebetweentheactiveandpassivevoiceinEnglish.2.Describetheprocessofderivationinlinguistics.3.Whatistheimportanceofsemanticsinlanguagelearning?4.Discusstheroleofpragmaticsineffectivecommunication.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Howdoestheuseofidiomsaffectcommunicationacrossdifferentlanguages?2.Whyisunderstandingthepassivevoiceimportantinformalwriting?3.Discussthesignificanceofsyntaxintheformationofwell-formedsentences.4.Howdoesthestudyofsemanticscontributetotheunderstandingofliterature?答案和解析一、單項選擇題答案1.B2.C3.B4.B5.B6.B7.B8.C9.C10.C二、填空題答案1.Linguistichistory2.Inflection3.Ambiguousword4.Syntax5.Languageexpression6.Phonetics7.Semantics8.Clarity9.Ambiguity10.Linguisticstructure三、判斷題答案1.False2.False3.False4.True5.True6.False7.False8.False9.True10.False四、簡答題答案1.Theactivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectperformstheaction,e.g.,"Shereadsabook."Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectreceivestheaction,e.g.,"Abookisreadbyher."Thepassivevoiceisoftenmoreformalandcanbeusedtoemphasizetheobjectratherthanthesubject.2.Derivationistheprocessofcreatingnewwordsbyaddingprefixesorsuffixestoexistingwords,e.g.,"unhappy"from"happy"byaddingtheprefix"un-."3.Semanticsisimportantinlanguagelearningbecauseithelpslearnersunderstandthemeaningofwordsandsentences,whichiscrucialforeffectivecommunication.Withoutagoodgraspofsemantics,learnersmaystruggletointerpretandexpressideasaccurately.4.Pragmaticsplaysasignificantroleineffectivecommunicationbyhelpingspeakersandlistenersunderstandthemeaningofwordsandsentencesincontext.Itconsidersfactorssuchasthespeaker'sintent,thelistener'sunderstanding,andthesocialandculturalbackgroundofthecommunication.五、討論題答案1.Idiomscansignificantlyaffectcommunicationacrossdifferentlanguagesbecausetheyoftenhavemeaningsthatarenotliteralandmaynothavedirecttranslations.Thiscanleadtomisunderstandingsifnotproperlyunderstoodorexplained.2.Understandingthepassivevoiceisimportantinformalwritingbecauseitallowswriterstofocusontheobjectorresultofanactionratherthanthesubjectperformingtheactio