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ObjectiveUponthecompletionofthisproject,studentswill:■Understandthedifferencebetweenfirmofferandnonfirmofferandgrasptheirrelativeexpressions.■Befamiliarwiththeterms&conditionsinvolvedinanofferandbeabletowritethemindependently.■Knowsomeprinciplesastohowtonameprices.■Beabletomakeanofferintheformofquotation.返回LeadingInTheofferisthefirstpartofacontract.Thepersonwhomakestheofferiscalledtheofferor,andthepersontowhomtheofferismadeiscalledtheofferee.Theoffermust
containcertainanddefinitelanguageandcoverallthetermsnecessaryforavalidcon-tract,whichincludethefollowing:thesubjectmatterofthecontract(thenameofthecommodity,specifications,quantity,etc.),price,paymentterms,anddeliveryterms.下一頁返回LeadingInButgreatweightisgiventoindustrycustomsandthepreviousdealingsofthepartiesindeterminingwhetherthetermsarecertainanddefiniteenoughtoconstituteanofferAnofferisdifferentfromquotationandbid.Aquotationismerelyanoticeofthe
priceofcertaingoodsatwhichtheselleriswillingtosell.Whenquoting,thesellercan
giveonlythepriceofthegoodshewishestosell.上一頁下一頁返回LeadingInButwhenoffering,thesellershould
giveallnecessarytermsofsalesforthebuyer’sconsideration.Abidisthepriceat
whichabuyerhasofferedtopurchasethecurrencyorinstrument,whileanofferisthe
priceatwhichaselleriswillingtoselAsatisfactoryofferusuallyincludesthefollowing:(1)anexpressionofthanksfortheinquiry,ifany;(2)thenameofcommodities,quality,quantity,packingandspecifications;上一頁下一頁返回LeadingIn(3)thedetailsofprices,discountsandtermsofpayment;(4)astatementorclearindicationofwhatthepricescover;(5)thedateofdelivery;(6)theperiodforwhichtheofferisvalid.上一頁返回SpecimenLetters1.LetterOneMay20,200179GoldStreetSanFrancisco,AmericaGentlemen:ThankyouforyourinquiryofMay15,requestingourofferforbicycles.WearegladtohearthatyounoticedouradvertisementintheMarchissueofWorldCycling.NodoubtyoualsoreadtheitemsaboutourproductsonPage20ofthisissue.下一頁返回SpecimenLettersAsyousee,ourproductsareenjoyingagoodreputationallovertheworld.Wearecon-fidentthatthesuperiorqualityofourproductswouldhelpyouexpandyourmarket.Foryourreference,weareenclosingacopyofourlatestpricelistgivingCIFSan
Franciscopricestogetherwithanillustratedcatalogue.Theshipmentoftheproductscouldbemadewithintwoweeksuponthereceiptofyourconfirmedirrevocableletterofcredit.上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLettersInordertosecureyourinitialorder,weallowaspecialdiscountof5%onthe
orderofonethousandbicyclesandover.Weanticipateyourinitialordersoon.Bestregards,ShantouTradeCorporationZhaoHuaSalesRepresentative上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLetters2.LetterTwoJune17,2001Messrs.John&WhiteCo.47FreedomStreetNewYork,AmericaGentlemen:Wearegladtolearnfromyourletterof10thJuneofyourinterestinourproducts.Pleasefindtheenclosedcatalogueandpricelistyouaskedfor.Alsoenclosedarethedetailsofourconditionsofsaletermsofpayment.上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLettersPleasenotethatweofferspecialal-lowanceonthefollowingbasis:Onpurchasesexceedingatotalof:$10,000butnotexceeding$30,000—8%$30,000butnotexceeding$60,000—15%$60,000andabove—20%Nospecialallowancecouldbegivenonatotalpurchasebelow$10,000.Thequo-tationissubjecttoourfinalconfirmation.上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLettersWelookforwardtoyourfirstordersBestregards,MinShengImport&ExportCorporationGaoShuguangManagerofExportDepartmen上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLetters3.LetterThreeMay19,2001J&FCo.58SafeRoadSan,Francisco,AmericaGentlemen:WeacknowledgethereceiptofyourletterdatedMay15.Wetakepleasureinmak-ingyou,asperyourrequest,thefollowingoffer:Article:CanvasWoodenFoldingChairsat$5.00perPC.CFRFrancisco.上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLettersQuantity:1,000PCS.TermofShipment:DuringJune/July,2001Package:twoPCStoacartonPayment:ByirrevocableletterofcreditwhichshouldbeopenedthroughathirdcountrybankintheU.S.A.acceptabletotheSellers.Theofferaboveissubjecttoourfinalconfirmation.Weareawaitingyourpromptreply.上一頁下一頁返回SpecimenLettersBestregards,TinaApoExportTradeCompanyChenShangSalesManager上一頁返回TermstoLearn(1)confirm(2)makeafirmofferfor(3)Europeanmainport(4)subjecttothereceiptof(5)entertain(6)counteroffer(7)asregards(8)beunderoffer(9)acceptablebid(10)resultin(11)profitatyourrequest(12)beinreceiptof(13)withoutdelay,withoutanydelay,withtheleastpossibledelay(14)underseparatecover/byseparatemail/undercove下一頁返回TermstoLearn(15)induecourse(16)startconcretetransaction(17)takepleasurein/havepleasurein(18)specificoffer(19)finalconfirmation(20)trialorder(21)meetwithafavourablereception(22)repeatorder(23)heavydemand(24)takeadvantageof(25)havereceivedsampleswiththanks(26)asrequested上一頁下一頁返回TermstoLearn(27)thereisnoquestionabout(28)remainsvalid/keepfirm/keepgood(29)sellfast(30)takethenecessarysteps上一頁返回UsefulSentence1.虛盤常用表達方式(1)subjecttoourfinalconfirmation以我方最后確認為準(2)withoutengagement此報盤無約束力(3)subjecttothegoodsbeingunsold以貨物未被售出為準(4)subjecttopriorsale以先售為準2.實盤常用表達方式(1)makeafirmoffer(2)offersb.firm下一頁返回UsefulSentenceTipsforstipulationofthevalidityofanoffer.Thevalidityofanofferdependsonthefollowingfactors:themeansofcommunica-tion,categoryofthecommodity,tradeamount,andthemarketsituation.Forcommoditieswithstableprices,andhandledinsmallquantities,wecouldal-lowalongerperiod:5-7daysormore.上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentenceWhileforthoserawmaterialsorprimaryproducts,ifthetradingvolumeisprettylargeandtheinternationalmarketfluctuatesgreatly,thevalidityshouldbeshortento2-3daysorles(1)Wemakeyouthefollowingoffersubjecttoyourreplywithin10days.現(xiàn)報盤如下,以你方在10日之內(nèi)回復為有效。(2)Wemakeyouanoffer,subjecttoyourreplyreachingusnotlaterthannoontimeOctober21Beijingtime.現(xiàn)報盤如下,以你方在北京時間10月21日中午前回復為有效。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence(3)Theofferisvalidfor3days.此報盤有效期為3天。(4)TheofferisopentillMarch15.此報盤在3月15日以前有效。4.報價(Quotations)句型1:toquotesb.apriceforsth.向某人報……價InreplytoyourenquirydatedDec.10,wequoteyouthepriceCFRHamburgfor
5m/tWalnutmeat.現(xiàn)回復你方12月10日詢盤,報5公噸①核桃仁CFR漢堡價。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentenceWetakepleasureinquotingyouourlowestpriceforblacktea.我們很高興向你方報紅茶的最低價。句型2:toquoteforsth.at…報某貨價Wequoteforthisarticle(at)US$10percaseFOBShanghai.我們報此貨FOB上海價,每箱10美元。句型3:tosend(make,give)sb.our(best,lowest)quotationfor爥向某人報……(最低)價上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentenceThankyouforyourenquiryofMay21andwearepleasedtosendyouourbestquotationforMen’sShirts.謝謝你方5月21日的詢盤?,F(xiàn)高興地向你方報男襯衫最低價。Wehavereceivedyourenquiryandwillgiveyouaquotationfor30longtonsofTinSheetsassoonaspossible.我們已收到你方詢盤,將盡快給你方30長噸錫箔的報價。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence5.報盤(Offers)句型1:tooffersb.sth.向某人報盤Weofferyou1500ForeverBicyclesatUS$32perpieceCIFLagosfordeliveryin
May.我們向你方報盤,1500輛永久牌自行車,CIF拉哥斯價,每輛32美元,5月份交貨。Pleaseofferusfirm20m/ttonsofwoolFOBSydney.請報20公噸羊毛實盤,FOB悉尼價。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence句型2:toofferCIF(CFR,FOB)報盤CIF(CFR,FOB)價WeofferCFRDarwinfor60tonsAlbumen.茲報盤60噸蛋白CFR達爾文價。PleaseofferfirmFOBGenoafor2000RefrigeratorsArt.No.437.請報2000臺貨號為437的電冰箱實盤,FOB熱那亞價。句型3:toofferasfollows報盤如下ThankyouforyourenquirydatedMarch18andnowweofferasfollows.謝謝你方3月18日詢價,現(xiàn)報盤如下。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence句型4:tomake(send,give)sb.anofferfor(on)sth.向某人報盤PleasemakeusanofferCIFKobefor10tonsofFrozenFish.請給我們10噸凍魚CIF神戶價的報盤。Wetakepleasureinsendingyouanofferfor50setsofMillingMachineType70as
follows.我們高興地向你方做出50臺70型銑床的如下報盤。句型5:subjecttoone’sconfirmation(goodsbeingunsold,replyreaching,here
within…days)上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence以某人確認(貨物未售出、在……日內(nèi)復到)為有效Weofferfirm50m/tBitterApricotKernelsatUS$××FOBpromptshipment,subjecttoourfinal(fax)confirmation.茲報即期裝船苦杏仁50公噸實盤,每公噸FOB價××美元,以我方最后(傳真)確認為有效。Wemakeyouthefollowingoffer,subjecttoyourreplyreachingherewithin3days(by5p.m.March21ourtime).我們做出如下報盤,以你方答復在3日內(nèi)(我方時間3月21日下午5時前)到達此地為有效。上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentenceThisofferissubjecttogoodsbeingunsold.本報價以貨物未售出為有效。句型6:tobefirmfor…有效期為……Thisofferisfirm(valid,good,open,effective)for5days.此報盤有效期為5天。句型7:toadvisesb.toacceptanoffer勸某人接受報盤。Asthepricesquotedareexceptionallylowandlikelytorise,wewouldadviseyou
toaccepttheofferwithoutdelay.上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence由于所報價格特別低,并可能上漲,我們勸你方立即接受此報盤。句型8:tosuggestthatyouaccept…建議某人接受……Asthemarketisfirmwithanupwardtendency,wewouldsuggestinyourinterest
thatyouacceptourofferedprice.由于市場堅挺,行情看漲,為了你方利益我們建議你方接受報價。句型9:tolookforwardtoreceivingone’sorder期望收到某人的訂單Wetrustyouwillfindouroffersatisfactoryandlookforwardtoreceivingyour
order.上一頁下一頁返回UsefulSentence我們相信你方會對我們的報盤感到滿意,期望收到你方訂單。句型10:toinviteone’sattentiontootherproducts請某人注意其他產(chǎn)品Weinviteyourattentiontoourotherproducts,detailsofwhichyouwillfindinthe
catalogue.敬請垂詢我方其他產(chǎn)品,詳情見目錄。上一頁返回ExercisesⅠ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.按照請求,我們現(xiàn)報盤500輛飛鴿牌自行車如下。2.此報盤為實盤,以你方在本月底前復到有效。3.如果你方認為這一報盤可接受,則請即來電,以便我方確認。獲得必要的進口許可證是沒有問題的。4.我們高興地給你方報永久牌自行車拉各斯成本保險加運費的實盤5.關(guān)于標題項下的貨物,隨函寄去形式發(fā)票88號一式兩份。請注意我們報盤有效期至6月10日。6本報盤將保留至月底有效。7.我們能以具有吸引力的價格向你方報各式各樣的中國水果罐頭。8.我們的鋼筆價格是每打6美元溫哥華到岸價。下一頁返回Exercises9.現(xiàn)按你方請求報盤如下,以我方最后確認為準。10.上述報盤無約束力。Ⅱ.Fill
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