初中英語(yǔ)感官動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)突破：從理解到精通感官動(dòng)詞是初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的一個(gè)重要組成部分，它們與我們的視覺(jué)、聽覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)、味覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)緊密相關(guān)，在日常交流中使用頻率極高。掌握感官動(dòng)詞的用法，不僅能讓你的表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)形象，也是應(yīng)對(duì)各類考試的基礎(chǔ)。本文將結(jié)合理論與實(shí)踐，為你系統(tǒng)梳理感官動(dòng)詞的核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，并提供針對(duì)性的練習(xí)題，助你徹底攻克這一語(yǔ)法難關(guān)。一、感官動(dòng)詞的定義與分類顧名思義，感官動(dòng)詞（SenseVerbs）是表示人的感官動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。初中階段我們主要學(xué)習(xí)以下幾類：1.視覺(jué)類：see(看見),watch(觀看),lookat(看……)2.聽覺(jué)類：hear(聽見),listento(聽……)3.嗅覺(jué)類：smell(聞起來(lái))4.味覺(jué)類：taste(嘗起來(lái))5.觸覺(jué)/感覺(jué)類：feel(感覺(jué)起來(lái)，摸起來(lái)),seem(似乎，好像),sound(聽起來(lái))二、感官動(dòng)詞的核心用法感官動(dòng)詞的用法靈活多樣，以下是其最主要的兩種用法：1.感官動(dòng)詞+形容詞此時(shí)，感官動(dòng)詞用作系動(dòng)詞，其后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征。這是感官動(dòng)詞最常見也最基礎(chǔ)的用法。*Theflowerssmellsweet.(這些花聞起來(lái)很香。)-smell+形容詞(sweet)*Themusicsoundsbeautiful.(這段音樂(lè)聽起來(lái)很美。)-sound+形容詞(beautiful)*Thesilkfeelssoftandsmooth.(這塊絲綢摸起來(lái)柔軟光滑。)-feel+形容詞(softandsmooth)*Thesouptastesdelicious.(這湯嘗起來(lái)很美味。)-taste+形容詞(delicious)*Heseemshappytoday.(他今天似乎很高興。)-seem+形容詞(happy)注意：此處的形容詞是用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)的特征，而不是修飾動(dòng)詞的副詞。不能說(shuō)"Theflowerssmellsweetly."2.感官動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式(do)/現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)/過(guò)去分詞(done)此時(shí)，感官動(dòng)詞用作及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)，然后接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（即不帶to的不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞），補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。*接不帶to的不定式(do)：表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。*Isawhimentertheclassroom.(我看見他進(jìn)了教室。)-強(qiáng)調(diào)“進(jìn)入”的整個(gè)過(guò)程。*Weoftenhearhersinginthemorning.(我們經(jīng)常聽到她早上唱歌。)-強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性。*接現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)：表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的片段。*Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.(我聽見有人正在敲門。)-強(qiáng)調(diào)“敲門”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。*Shewatchedthechildrenplayinghappilyinthepark.(她看著孩子們?cè)诠珗@里快樂(lè)地玩耍。)-強(qiáng)調(diào)“玩?！钡那榫罢诔掷m(xù)。*接過(guò)去分詞(done)：表示賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Hefoundthedoorlockedwhenhecameback.(他回來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖了。)-door和lock之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Wefeltthehouseshakenbytheearthquake.(我們感到房子被地震搖動(dòng)了。)-house和shake之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。注意：在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，感官動(dòng)詞后接不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)"to"要還原。*Hewasseentoentertheclassroom.(有人看見他進(jìn)了教室。)三、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題Exercise1:Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthegivenwords.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Thelittlegirl'svoicesounds(sound)verysweet.2.Doyousmell(smell)somethingburninginthekitchen?3.Ifelt(feel)thewindblowing(blow)onmyface.4.Wewatched(watch)theworkersbuild(build)thehouselastyear.5.Thiskindofappletastes(taste)good,anditsellswell.6.Iheardhersing(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.(提示：剛才聽到的完整動(dòng)作)7.Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecrying(cry)inthenextroom?8.Theclothfeels(feel)verysmooth.Exercise2:MultipleChoice(單項(xiàng)選擇)1.Themeat______bad,pleasethrowitaway.A.feelsB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes(答案：B.肉變質(zhì)通常是“聞起來(lái)”有異味。)2.Isawhim______theroomquietlyandsitdown.A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.entered(答案：A.saw后接不帶to的不定式，表示看到全過(guò)程。)3.Thestory______interesting.Allthechildrenlikeit.A.looksB.soundsC.tastesD.feels(答案：B.故事“聽起來(lái)”有趣。)4.Doyouoftenwatchthem______footballontheplayground?A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played(答案：A.often提示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，用不帶to的不定式。)5.Ifeltsomething______inmypocket.Itwasmylostkey!A.moveB.movingC.tomoveD.moved(答案：B.“感覺(jué)到有東西在動(dòng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。)Exercise3:Rewritethesentencesasrequired.(按要求改寫句子)1.Peopleoftenseehimhelptheoldladycrossthestreet.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Heisoften__________________theoldladycrossthestreet.(答案：seentohelp)2.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))____________themusic______?(答案：Howdoes,sound)3.IheardMarysingasongattheparty.(改為否定句)I____________Mary______asongattheparty.(答案：didn'thear,sing)Yesterday,Iwenttoafoodfestivalwithmyfriends.Whenwearrived,wecould______(smell/hear)thedeliciousfoodfromallcorners.I______(saw/tasted)astallsellingfreshfruitjuiceanddecidedtotryit.Thejuice______(felt/tasted)sorefreshing!Nearby,somemusicianswereplaying,andtheirmusic______(sounded/looked)solivelythatmanypeoplestarteddancing.MyfriendTom______(watched/felt)themdanceforalongtime.Wereallyhadagreatday!(答案：smell,saw,tasted,sounded,watched)四、參考答案與解析Exercise1:1.sounds2.smell3.felt,blowing(felt強(qiáng)調(diào)感覺(jué)，blowing表示風(fēng)正在吹)4.watched,build(lastyear提示過(guò)去，build表示看到建造的全過(guò)程)5.tastes6.heard,sing(justnow提示過(guò)去，sing表示聽到唱歌的完整過(guò)程)7.hear,crying(Listen!提示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)8.feelsExercise2:1.B2.A3.B4.A5.BExercise3:1.seentohelp(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，感官動(dòng)詞后的不定式要還原to)2.Howdoes,sound(對(duì)形容詞beautiful提問(wèn)用how)3.didn'thear,sing(一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定，感官動(dòng)