英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)講解（共5課時(shí)）一：總述：動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成（5種）與時(shí)態(tài)（8種）二：分述：動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞1)be動(dòng)詞的幾種形式:amisarewaswerebeingBeen2)與名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞連用Iamadoctor.Heisten.Theyaretired.Thecatisunderthetable.3)Therebe句型用于不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前 Thereisapenonthedesk. Thereissomewaterintheglass.用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前 Therearesomesheepinthehill.用于一般將來時(shí) ThereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolnextSunday.用于一般過去時(shí) Therewasabookonthedeskyesterday.注意：請根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句中的名詞選擇適當(dāng)形式。4)Be動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中Wearetalking.在過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中Weweretalkingatthistimeyesterday助動(dòng)詞1)幾種形式do/don’tDoes/doesn’tDid/didn’twill/won’thavehaven’t/hashasn’t/hadhadn’t2)對句子進(jìn)行否定和疑問Doyougetupearlyeveryday?Ididn’thavelunchyesterday.Willyoubebacksoon?Hehasn’tfinishedtheworkyet.在反意疑問句中Heworksinaschool,doesn’the?Shehasneverbeenthere,hasshe?在倒裝句中Theyhelpedthefarmers,sodidwe.Iwon’tvisitthefamoussinger,neitherwillhe.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞共同特點(diǎn):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原型，無論否定、疑問、倒裝句、或反意疑問句都用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只有時(shí)態(tài)變化，沒有人稱變化。解釋:can/could在表示請求允許的時(shí)候兩者和互換，could比can語氣更委婉。CanIhelpyou?Couldyouopenthewindow?在表示有能力作某事時(shí)，could是can的過去式。Icanswim.Icouldswimattheageoffive.Must/havetoMust表示主觀意愿，否定句用Mustn’t，否定回答用needn’t Imustgonow. Youmustn’tplayinthestreet. MustIcleantheroomnow? No,youneedn’t.haveto表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱變化，需要助動(dòng)詞來否定和疑問。 Idon’thavetocarrythebigbox. Hehadtowashhisclothes.May表示請求別人允許。MayIuseyourbike?表示可能性。Hemaybeateacher.Hemayliveinthisbuilding.系動(dòng)詞我們所學(xué)過的系動(dòng)詞是Get，turn，become，be動(dòng)詞感觀動(dòng)詞look，sound，smell，taste，feel系動(dòng)詞只和形容詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)Ifeelhungry.Thedaygetslongerandlonger.Helookedhappy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞指的是有具體行為意思的動(dòng)詞。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞在句中可以做謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞。做謂語動(dòng)詞的用法：動(dòng)詞會(huì)有四種形式：單三，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去式，過去分詞注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律Heworksintheoffice.Wearedancingtogether.Icaughtacoldlastweek.Shehaswateredtheflower.做非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法（指出現(xiàn)在謂語動(dòng)詞之后的動(dòng)詞，它受前面謂語動(dòng)詞的限制）動(dòng)詞會(huì)有三種形式：原型(do)動(dòng)名詞(doing)不定式(todo)1）用原型：letsb.domakesb.dohelpsb.(to)dohadbetterdo2）用動(dòng)名詞：likedoingenjoydoingfinishdoing介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞begoodatdoingwhataboutdoingthankyoufordoing3）用不定式：wanttododecidetodoplantodowouldliketodolearntodotellsb.(not)todoasksb.(not)todo注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法:rememberdoing/todoforgetdoing/todostopdoing/todogoondoing/todo動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般情況和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語為everyday或every引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語often，always，usually動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要加“s”work->works輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry->carries以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的加“es”，如wash->washesgo->goesdo->doeshave->has例句：Hegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.Weoftenhavesupperathome.Shedoesn’tdoherworkeverySunday.二．一般將來時(shí)1.表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.時(shí)間狀語：next引導(dǎo)的詞組tomorrow引導(dǎo)的詞組thedayaftertomorrow3.動(dòng)詞變化：will+動(dòng)詞原型4.例句Iwillvisityoutomorrow.Hewon’tcomebacknextweek.三．一般過去時(shí)1.指過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情2.時(shí)間狀語：yesterday引導(dǎo)的詞組ago引導(dǎo)的詞組last引導(dǎo)的詞組thedaybeforeyesterday3.動(dòng)詞變化：動(dòng)詞變成過去式，動(dòng)詞加“ed”Play->played輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry->carried重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加edstop->stopped不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見書后動(dòng)詞表4.例句Heboughtabookyesterday.Iwatchedamatchlastweek.Heleftheretwodaysago.四．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1.表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.時(shí)間狀語：now/Look…/Listen…3.由be動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成4.動(dòng)詞變化加ingclean->cleaning以不發(fā)音“e”結(jié)尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ingmake->making重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加ingswim->swimming5.例句Theboysareplayingnow.Look!Theyareplantingtrees.Listen!Heissinging.五．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.動(dòng)詞變化動(dòng)詞變成過去分詞加edPlay->played輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry->carried重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加edstop->stopped不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見書后動(dòng)詞表動(dòng)詞由have（has）+過去分詞構(gòu)成表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成Hehasleft.Ihavealreadyhadarest.表示動(dòng)作不僅已經(jīng)完成，還要持續(xù)（在這個(gè)用法當(dāng)中，動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，與for引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間和since引導(dǎo)的短語連用）Hehasbeenawayfortwodays.Ihavealreadytaughtinthisschoolsince1990.Thebirdhasbeendeadforamonth.Wehavemadelotsoffriendssincewecamehere.六．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)指在過去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語atthistimeyesterdayatfiveo’clockyesterdayafternoon動(dòng)詞由be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing形式構(gòu)成例句：HewaswatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.七．過去將來時(shí)指對過去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間來講，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞由would+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成。例句：Hewouldgototheparkt