1、.,1,狀語從句,.,2,在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語或是整個句子。,狀語從句,.,3,狀語從句,狀語從句,時間狀語從句地點狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句方式狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句,.,4,時間狀語從句,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞有：,when,while,as,themoment,before,after,till,until,since,assoonas等。,Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.,.,5,連接詞when的用法小結(jié)when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞可以是可延續(xù)也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞(非延續(xù)

2、性)。如Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.2.可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時，這時”，相當于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：(剛要這時突然)記憶Sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth+whenwasonthepointofdoingsth.hadjustdonesthIwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenImethimIwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.3.還可以

3、表示原因“既然”，相當于since;consideringthat。如：Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?既然你有車為什么要步行呢？.,.,6,連接詞when的用法,1when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性動詞也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞(非延續(xù)性)。,Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.,.,7,2when表示“就在這時”在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示某件事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生，另一動作同時發(fā)生。beabouttodowhenbedoingwhenhaddonewh

4、en,Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein.,.,8,連接詞while的用法,1.while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，在期間，往往指一段時間。如：,Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.,.,9,2.while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，側(cè)重主句動作和從句動作相對比。,Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.,3

5、.while可表示盡管，相當于although。,.,10,while含義：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_)WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_),when,although,aslongas,but,.,11,連詞when，while，as的用法,1while

6、引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞必須是可延續(xù)的，而when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞。,When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.,(不可延續(xù)，短暫性動詞，只可以用when，不可用while),.,12,2表示“隨著”，連詞用as，不用when或while。,Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.,3如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動作的進行時態(tài)表示在一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作時，whe

7、n,while與as可互換使用。,When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.,.,13,4.從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個從句，不可用as或while。,Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.,.,14,連接詞before,Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.We

8、hadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“還沒來得及”,.,15,Before從句中謂語不用否定式,Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.,.,16,句型Itwillbe/was一段時間before“還要過多久才”,句型Itwillbe/wasnot一段時間before“多久就”,Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthec

9、ountry.,Itwasnttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.,.,17,連接詞since,在itis/hasbeen+段時間+since從句中，時間的計算從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。,ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.,我不吸煙有三年了。,我吸煙有三年了。,.,18,since,在itis/hasbeen+段時間+since從句中，時間的計算從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。如：Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinourc

10、lass.Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere她離開我們班有三年了。他不住這兒有三年了。比較itisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.我不吸煙有三年了。我吸煙有三年了,.,19,Nosoonerthan-一就Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanhewentawayagain.,Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.,nosoonerthan用于句首要求倒裝,Hardlywhen,Scarcelywhen,.,20,till，un

11、til和notuntil的用法,1.until/till引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時間，意為“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”。,Wewaiteduntilhecame.,2用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”,Hewontgotobedtill/untilshereturns.,.,21,3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：4notuntil句型中的強調(diào)和倒裝說法：,UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.,Itwasnotuntily

12、outoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.,.,22,Itwasntuntilnearlyamonthlater_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that,2.Itwasnearlyamonth_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,3.Itwasnearly9oclock_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,4.Itwasnearlyat9oclock_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,befo

13、re,when,that,.,23,考點:易混淆句型itis+時間+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyearslater_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.,when,that,since,before,that,.,24,Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.,Once-一但就,.,25

14、,引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞有:,If,unless,aslongas,incase,providedthat,onconditionthat,條件狀語從句,.,26,If-如果,Ifyoudonthurryup,youwillmisstheplane.,Ifitsnowstomorrow,theflightwillbecanceled.,Ifyouleaveat6oclocktomorrowmorning,youdbettergettobednow.,.,27,Unless-如果不,除非=ifnot,Wecantgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight

15、,=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedontbooktheearliestflight.,.,28,Donttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou.,Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind.,.,29,Aslongas-只要,Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeepontrying.,Youcantplaygamesaslongasyouremembertherules.,Amanisnotoldaslongasheisseekingsomething.,.,30,As(so)faras

16、-據(jù)所知,AsfarasIknow,hespeaksEnglishverywell.,As/SofarasIknow,heisanexpertonDNA.,.,31,Incase-假使,如果萬一,Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains.,Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanydifficulty.,.,32,Providedthat如果,有時省略that,Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovidedthatitistakencareofcarefully.,Youcanbecomeastewardessprovi

17、dedthatyouareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation.,.,33,Onconditionthat-條件是,Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak.,ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.,.,34,注:主從句的動作發(fā)生在將來時，則主句用將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。,Ifhearrivestomorrow,Iwillb

18、ewaitingforhimattheairport.,Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday.,.,35,地點狀語從句,地點狀語從句只有兩個連詞:,Where,wherever,.,36,Where-在地方,Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.,Wherethathighbuildingstands,thereusedtobesomelow,desertedhouses.,Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.,.,37,Wherever-無論哪里,Hefollowsherwherev

19、ershegoes.,Whereveryouare,Iwillberighttherewaitingforyou.,.,38,在地點狀語從句之前，不要使用介詞。【誤】Youshouldputthebookatwhereitwas.【正】Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.你應(yīng)該把書放在原來的地方?！菊`】Weshouldgotowhereweareneededmost.【正】Weshouldgowhereweareneededmost.我們應(yīng)該到最需要我們的地方去。,.,39,原因狀語從句,because,as,since,nowthat,和consideringthat

20、,for,seeingthat這六個連詞都用于表示表示原因,但在語氣上一個比一個弱.,.,40,Because-因為,通常從句放在主句后.,MrSmithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldntfindhisluggage.,Hesaidthathecouldntworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder.,.,41,because和for的區(qū)別。for是并列連詞，只用于連接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因時，可位于句首。【誤】Forhedidnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.【正】Becausehe

21、didnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.,.,42,As-因為,通常放在句首,Asitisquitewindytoday,hedecides,Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.,.,43,Since-既然因語氣較弱,常譯為既然,Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.,Sincethepurserdidnttelluswhattodo,wecanrelax.,.,44,Nowthat-既然,Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.,Nowthatallairlines

22、offerdiscountprices,weshoulddothesame.,.,45,consideringthat-顧及到,Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.,.,46,seeingthat-由于,Seeing(that)quiteafewpeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.,.,47,結(jié)果狀語從句,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：,that,sothat,sothatsuchthat,.,48,Sothat-太以至于so后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞,有時省略s

23、o只用that,Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb.,Theflightscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtolookonit.,.,49,Sothat-因而，以便，為了有時so可以省去,CanyoumoveyourluggagealittlebitawaysothatIcanputmineintheoverheadbintoo.,Speaklouderpleasesothatthepeopleatthebackcanhearyou.,.,50,Suchthat-太以至于用法與sothat相同，但such

24、后面應(yīng)用名詞。,Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.,.,51,6.目的狀語從句,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的主要連詞有:,that,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest,.,52,Letstakethefrontseats(so)thatwemayseemoreclearly.,(So)that-以便,從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動詞，如：can,could,may,might,should等,.,53,inorderthat-為了,與sothat相同從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動詞，如

25、：can,could,may,might,should等,Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.,.,54,forfearthat-生怕;為了防止(某事發(fā)生),Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.,Theinstructoremphasizedontheissuethreetimesforfearthatthestudentsdidnotpayenoughattentiontotheproblem.,.,55,incase-萬一,Better

26、takemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.,Youshouldbringadictionaryincaseyouneedit.,Pleasetakeanumbrellaincaseitrains.,.,56,Lest-以防萬一,Themandecidedtotellhisbossthefactlesthewouldbeangrywithhim.,Themanageroftheworkshopaskedhisstafftoworkovertimelesttheywouldntfinishthetaskontime.,.,57,比較狀語從句,引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的連詞

27、有：,Asas,notso(as)as,.than,themorethemore.,.,58,Asas-像一樣,Ifyoudontwanttomisstheflight,youneedtobeattheairportasearlyaspossible.,Mygrandmatoldmethathereyesightwasasgoodas10yearsbefore.,Cultivationtothemindisasnecessaryasfoodforthebody.,.,59,Notso(as)as-不像,ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe.,The

28、flightwasnotso/asharmfulasthecaptainpredicted.,.,60,than-比怎么樣，用于事物間的比較，more后面用形容詞或副詞,Peoplebelievethatbeingastewardessisbetterthanmostoftheotherjobs.,IpersonallythinkthattheAmericanmoviesaremoreinterestingthanChineseones,.,61,Themore,themore-越越,Themorehelistenedtothatsong,thelessheenjoyedit.,Themore

29、thingsamanisashamedof,themorerespectableheis.,.,62,必背：常見的比較句型。,Hisfatheristwicedoubleasoldashe(is).Hisfatheristwotimesolderthanhe.他爸爸的年齡是他的兩倍。Ournewschoolisthreetimesbiggerthantheoldone.我們的新學(xué)校比老學(xué)校大三倍。Ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldne.我們的新學(xué)校是老學(xué)校的四倍大。Ournewschoolisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone.我們的新

30、學(xué)校是老學(xué)校的四倍。,.,63,8.讓步狀語從句,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：,Although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,nomatter,however,whatever,while,whether,.,64,Although,though-雖然although和though可以互換，但although常放在句首。Though可以用于倒裝。,Althoughitwasraining,theplanemanagedtotakeoff.,Althoughitwasnothisfault,hetookalltheblame.,.,65,Thoughhedidhisbe

31、st,hedidntsucceed.,Childthoughhewas,hedidquitewell.,.,66,As-盡管as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子通常倒裝。可與though互換。,Busyasheis,henevermissesafootballmatch.,Hardassheworks,shemakeslittleprogress.,.,67,Evenif/eventhough-即使,Evenifyoudontlikeyourboss,youshoulddoyourwork.,Evenifyouarenotfondofflowers,youshouldntmissthechrysant

32、hemumexhibition.,.,68,EventhoughImightbewrong,Iwillgomyway.,Eventhoughhisdeandidntmeanit,hestillfeltembarrassed.,.,69,However-不論，however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子通常倒裝,Hecouldntgetthereontimehoweverfasthedrove.,Thefathercouldntmakehisdaughtersmilehoweverhardhetried.,.,70,Nomatter(what,when,where,how)-無論（什么，何時，何地，怎

33、樣）,Theoldmanwouldntbelieveanythingnomatterwhatyousaid.,Pleasetellmetheresultnomatterwhenyougetit.,.,71,HewouldntforgivemenomatterhowhardIbeggedhim.,Iwillfindyounomatterwhereyouhide.,.,72,Whatever-不管,Whateverotherpeoplemaysay,shewontchangehermind.,Whateveryoudo,itwontaffectourplan.,.,73,While-盡管,Whil

34、eIhavesympathyforyou,Icanthelpyou.,Whileitsnoneofmybusiness,Iwillwatchyou.,.,74,Whether-不管，常與ornot連用,Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad.,Whetherhisproposalispracticalornot,thedepartmentplanstoadopt.,.,75,9.方式狀語從句,方式狀語從句常由:,as,asif,asthough,.,76,as-與一樣,DoinRomeastheRomansdo.,Leavet

35、hingsastheyare.,.,77,asif,asthough-仿佛,由asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語氣,Shestoodatthedoorasif(=asthough)shewerewaitingforsomeone.,.,78,1._youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess.A.IfB.WheneverC.UnlessD.Whatever,.,79,2.Itisfoolishtotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when,.,80,3.Illacceptanyjob,_Idonthavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.aslongas,.,81,4._problemsyouhave,youcanalwayscometomeforhelp.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which,.,82,6.-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes.Igaveit