1、名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句 、賓語從句和同位語從句。,賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語作用，可以作動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞的賓語。,I. 賓語從句,引導(dǎo)賓語從句詞有:,(1)大部分賓語從句直接跟在動詞后：,1.He doesnt know where the post office is. 2.I guess（that）he Iives in Beijing. 3.His brother asks when he will go to the library,做動詞的賓語,(2)有些賓語從句前要有間接賓語：,He told m

2、e what I should read Can you tell me who we are going to meet ?,(3)如果賓語從句后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語，要 使用形式賓語 it 而將從句放到補(bǔ)足 語后面；,I thought it strange that he failed to call me,(1) 一般情況下，賓語從句直接跟在謂語后;,Did she say anything about how we should do the work?,做介詞的賓語,.,7,連詞 that(引導(dǎo)賓語從句，無意義， 不做主賓成分，可省略) if，whether；（引導(dǎo)賓語從句， 不做主賓成

3、分， 翻譯為“是否”）,.,8,1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science. 2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.,The Object Clause,.,9,連接代詞 who（誰，主賓），whom（誰，賓 what（什么，的事情，東西 ， 主賓 Which（哪一個(gè) 主賓）,.,10,3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking

4、to? 5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.,.,11,連接副詞 從句不缺主賓不起主要作用 只做狀語 when （何時(shí) 什么時(shí)候）， where（在哪里，何處，的地方） how （如何，怎樣） why （為何）,.,12,6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place. 7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?,.,13,連詞+賓語從句 連詞+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont

5、know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,.,14,I hear a new restaurant will be opened in the city next month. Could you tell me where they are

6、having a picnic I dont know if you want to take part in the competition.,結(jié)論4：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài) 。,主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí),2. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)具體情況而定,.,15,I heard a new restaurant would be opened in the city next month. I didnt know you wanted to take part in the competition. She told us she had borrowed the book from the li

7、brary.,結(jié)論5：主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句要 。,主句為過去時(shí),用與其相應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài),.,16,結(jié)論6：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .,.,17,3、語序 賓語從句的語序用陳述語序： 連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分,.,18,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he

8、go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,.,19,1. The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. eithe

9、r B. that C. weather D. whether 2. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. which B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B

10、,C,.,20,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when

11、 D. whether,B,A,B,D,.,21,1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 3. My sister told him _ . A. what

12、 day was it B. when the train arrived C. who was she waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,.,22,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 6. The small child

13、ren dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,.,23,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought t

14、he watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,在從句中作表語的從句稱作表語從句。,that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句,II. 表語從句,tha

15、t 僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。,The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.,2. whether 引導(dǎo)的表語從句,連接詞whether起連接作用， 意為“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句) 在句中也不作任何成分。,The question is whether what man will turn up in time.,3. what, which, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的表語從句,連接代詞what, wh

16、ich, who, whom, whose除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語、表語、定語，且各有各的詞義。,Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first.,4. where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表語從句,連接副詞where, when, why, how除在 句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí) 間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語，本身具有 詞義。,Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting.,5. 其他連詞as if, because, as, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句,because引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于“This/That/It is bec